WO2011038536A1 - 内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统 - Google Patents

内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011038536A1
WO2011038536A1 PCT/CN2009/001340 CN2009001340W WO2011038536A1 WO 2011038536 A1 WO2011038536 A1 WO 2011038536A1 CN 2009001340 W CN2009001340 W CN 2009001340W WO 2011038536 A1 WO2011038536 A1 WO 2011038536A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber grating
steel pipe
sensor
cable
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2009/001340
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘礼华
赵霞
姜德生
薛花娟
周祝兵
周明宝
张恩隆
刘胜春
李盛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fasten Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fasten Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fasten Group Co Ltd filed Critical Fasten Group Co Ltd
Priority to RU2012113369/03A priority Critical patent/RU2522679C2/ru
Priority to JP2011537820A priority patent/JP5412525B2/ja
Priority to EP09849944.5A priority patent/EP2484834B1/en
Priority to US13/133,560 priority patent/US8425111B2/en
Priority to KR1020117012458A priority patent/KR101274506B1/ko
Priority to DK09849944.5T priority patent/DK2484834T3/en
Priority to ES09849944.5T priority patent/ES2617874T3/es
Publication of WO2011038536A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011038536A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
    • G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E04C5/125—Anchoring devices the tensile members are profiled to ensure the anchorage, e.g. when provided with screw-thread, bulges, corrugations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0008—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of bridges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0025—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0091—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by using electromagnetic excitation or detection
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/25—System input signals, e.g. set points
    • D07B2301/252—Temperature
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/25—System input signals, e.g. set points
    • D07B2301/259—Strain or elongation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/5577—Sensors using electric means or elements using light guides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an intelligent cable system which can be applied to a built-in sensor of a cable load-bearing structure such as a cable-stayed bridge, a suspension bridge and an arch bridge.
  • the cable system of the modern long-span bridge is the core component of the cable-stayed bridge and the suspension bridge.
  • the self-weight of the long-span bridge structure and the dynamic load on the bridge are mostly transmitted to the tower column through the cable system.
  • the working state of the cable is directly reflected.
  • the cable will inevitably experience different degrees of damage and deterioration during service.
  • the sensor can be organically integrated into the cable, it can measure the internal stress, temperature and other parameters, and it can be upgraded from a simple bearing cable to an intelligent cable with automatic sensing capability, and at the same time, the overall cable of the cable can be realized.
  • the possibility of force and local wire force monitoring will be more conducive to people grasping the structural safety and operational status of the cable itself and the whole bridge, and timely discovering the aura of the accident and preventing sudden accidents.
  • Fiber Bragg Grating is a kind of sensitive component with excellent performance. It can realize the on-line monitoring of structural stress, temperature and other parameters by sensing the small strain change of the outside through the shift of Bragg reflection wavelength. It has the characteristics of not being afraid of harsh environment, free from environmental noise interference, anti-electromagnetic interference, integrated sensing and transmission, simple structure, convenient use and high measurement accuracy. However, the fiber grating without special treatment is very fragile and is directly disposed in the cable and is easily damaged.
  • Combining fiber gratings with cables involves packaging the fiber gratings in a package, improving the survival rate of fiber grating sensors and fibers during cable manufacturing and application; how to package the packaged fiber grating sensors inside the cable , to ensure that the fiber grating sensor implantation process is reliable; how to effectively extract the fiber grating signal out of the cable without distortion, etc. Question.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, and to provide a method for improving the survival rate of a fiber grating sensor and an optical fiber in the manufacture and application of a cable, ensuring a reliable implantation process of the fiber grating sensor, and effectively extracting the fiber grating signal without distortion.
  • an intelligent cable system for a bridge with a built-in fiber grating sensor comprising an anchor cup, a dividing plate, a connecting barrel, a fiber grating sensor built in the connecting barrel portion, and a cable body, the fiber grating
  • the sensor comprises a fiber grating strain sensor and a fiber grating temperature sensor, and the fiber grating strain sensor and the fiber grating temperature sensor are first packaged, and the fiber grating strain sensor and the fiber grating temperature sensor pigtail are taken out, and the packaged fiber grating strain is strained.
  • the sensor is fixedly connected to the outer wire of the connecting barrel portion, and the packaged fiber grating temperature sensor is suspended on the wire of the connecting barrel portion, perforated on the separating plate, and pre-buried in the connecting barrel and the anchor cup.
  • the reserved steel pipe is led out by the perforation on the wire dividing plate, and the pigtail of the fiber grating strain sensor and the fiber grating temperature sensor is connected to the fiber cable, and the fiber cable passes through the reserved steel pipe Drawn from the cable, the fiber cable drawn from the cable is connected to a fiber grating solution Instrument; center wavelength of the fiber grating by monitoring changes in temperature can be realized within the cable, the stress distribution of the forces and the whole steel wire rope cable real-time monitoring.
  • the package structure of the fiber grating strain sensor is: the fiber grating strain sensor comprises a first fiber grating, an intermediate axial second steel pipe, a first steel pipe, a first protective steel pipe having a slightly larger diameter, and a wire for connecting with the cable
  • the first protective steel pipe has one piece, the second steel pipe, the support, and the first steel pipe have two pieces, two second steel pipes, two pieces of bearings, and two first steel pipes are symmetrically arranged in the left and right sides.
  • the left and right sides of the first protective steel pipe wherein the diameter of the second steel pipe ⁇ the diameter of the first steel pipe ⁇ the diameter of the first protective steel pipe, the axial direction of the second steel pipe is grooved, and the upper portion of the support is perforated, which will be a standard
  • the first portion of the first steel tube is perforated and connected to the support through the upper region of the support.
  • Two ends of the first protective steel pipe having a slightly larger diameter and a suitable length are respectively set at one end of the two first steel pipes, and the other end of the first steel pipe is set at one end of the second steel pipe, and the first optical fiber grating is worn.
  • the grating grating region is at the center of the first protective steel pipe, and the two ends of the first fiber grating are fixed by glue in the grooves of the two second steel pipes, and the second steel pipe is slotted a second heat shrink sleeve of the outer jacket protects the slotted portion, and the pigtails at both ends of the first fiber grating are led out from the other end of the second steel tube, and the support of the fiber grating strain sensor is connected to the wire of the cable.
  • the fiber grating strain sensor cover is protected by a protective cover.
  • the protective cover and the wire seal are sealed with glue, and the outer side of the gap of the sealed steel wire is sealed with tape to form a fully encapsulated fiber grating strain sensor.
  • the package structure of the fiber grating temperature sensor is: the fiber grating temperature sensor comprises a second fiber grating, a second protection steel tube and a second heat shrink sleeve, and the second fiber grating is suspended in the second protection steel tube, The pigtail is taken out from the second protective steel pipe, and the lead is fixed with glue, and is heat-shrink protected by the second heat shrink sleeve.
  • the invention provides an intelligent cable system with a fiber grating sensor built in a connecting barrel portion of a cable.
  • the external fiber grating demodulator is used to measure the change of the central wavelength of the fiber grating, and the stress distribution in the cable and the overall stress state of the cable can be measured. Real-time monitoring to meet the health monitoring requirements of large bridges and improve the safety of the bridge.
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber grating strain sensor of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic view of a second steel pipe of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a view of the bearing part of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the wire connection of the fiber grating strain sensor and the cable of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fiber grating temperature sensor of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a common cable.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cable dividing plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a reserved steel pipe in the cable of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent cable system for a bridge with a built-in fiber grating sensor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of monitoring the intelligent cable system for a bridge with a built-in fiber grating sensor according to the present invention. Reference numerals in the figure:
  • Anchor cup 1 epoxy cast anchor packing 2, steel wire 3, connecting barrel 4, dividing board 5, hole 5-1, connecting barrel sealing packing 6, reserved steel tube 7, fiber optic cable 8, fiber grating strain sensor 9, Fiber grating temperature sensor 10, cable body 11, fiber grating demodulator 12;
  • first fiber grating 9-1 a first fiber grating 9-1, a second steel pipe 9-2, a first steel pipe 9-3, a support 9-4, a second heat shrink sleeve 9-5, a first protective steel pipe 9-6;
  • the built-in sensor measures the stress state of the cable has always been a difficult point of research.
  • the package structure of the cable built-in fiber grating strain sensor 9 is as follows:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber grating strain sensor according to the present invention.
  • the fiber grating strain sensor 9 of the present invention includes a first fiber grating 9-1, a second a steel pipe 9-2, a first steel pipe 9-3, a first protective steel pipe 9-6 having a slightly larger diameter, and a support 9-4 for connecting to a steel wire for a cable, the first protective steel pipe 9-6 having one piece,
  • the first steel pipe 9-3, the support 9-4 and the second steel pipe 9-2 have two pieces, two pieces of the first steel pipe 9-3, two pieces of the seat 9-4 and two pieces of the second steel pipe 9-2 Symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the first protective steel pipe 9-6, wherein the diameter of the second steel pipe 9-2 ⁇ the diameter of the first steel pipe 9-3 ⁇ the diameter of the first protective steel pipe 9-6, the second steel pipe 9-2 intermediate axial slotting, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the upper portion of the support 9-4 is perforated, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the first steel pipe 9-3 of a certain gauge length is perforated and connected to the support 9-4 through the upper region of the support 9-4.
  • the first steel pipe 9-3 is radially cut into two pieces, and the purpose of cutting is to directly transmit the force to the fiber grating, that is, directly pulling the fiber grating, thereby avoiding the first steel pipe 9-3 directly suffering from large strain.
  • Two ends of the first protective steel pipe 9-6 having a slightly larger diameter and a suitable length are respectively fitted at one end of the two first steel pipes 9-3, and the connection position of the thin steel pipe 9-3 is cut, and the first steel pipe 9 is The other end of the -3 is set at one end of the second steel pipe 9-2, and the first fiber grating 9-1 is passed through the first steel pipe 9-3, the second steel pipe 9-2, and the first protective steel pipe 9-6.
  • the grating gate region is located at the center of the first protective steel pipe 9-6, and the two ends of the first fiber grating 9-1 are fixed by glue in the groove of the second steel pipe 9-2, and the second steel pipe 9-2 is jacketed with the second heat shrink sleeve.
  • 9-5 protects the slotted portion, and the pigtails at both ends of the first fiber grating 9-1 are led out from the other end of the second steel pipe 9-2.
  • the fiber grating temperature sensor 10 includes a second fiber grating 10-1, a second protection steel tube 10-2, and a second heat shrink sleeve 10-3.
  • the second fiber grating 10-1 is suspended in the second protective steel pipe 10-2, and the pigtail is taken out from the second protective steel pipe 10-2, and the lead is fixed with glue, and is heat-shrink protected by the second heat shrink sleeve 10-3. .
  • Arranging the fiber grating strain sensor 9 and the fiber grating temperature sensor 10 inside the cable involves the problem of effectively extracting the sensing signals of the fiber grating strain sensor 9 and the fiber grating temperature sensor 10 out of the cable.
  • the structural diagram of the common cable is shown in Figure 7, the cable is made up of the anchor cup 1, the ring The oxygen cast anchor filler 2, the steel wire 3, the connecting cylinder 4, the dividing wire 5, the connecting cylinder sealing packing 6 and the cable body 11 are composed.
  • a few holes 5-1 are reserved on the wire dividing plate 5 of the cable, as shown in FIG.
  • a reserved steel pipe 7 of a suitable length and a suitable diameter is passed through the reserved hole 5-1 to provide a reserved passage for the optical fiber cable 8.
  • the requirement for the reserved steel pipe 7 is to be able to withstand a certain degree of folding and the lateral pressure to be applied when the epoxy casting anchor filler 2 is filled.
  • the epoxy casting anchor filler 2 is poured into the anchor cup 1, and the anchor cup 1 is placed in a heating furnace to be heated and solidified, so that the anchor cup and the inner steel wire are integrated.
  • the fiber grating strain sensor 9 is connected through its support 9-4 to the outer wire 3 of the connecting barrel 4 of the cable, as shown in Figs. 5 and 9, the force applied to the wire 3 is effective.
  • the ground is transmitted to the fiber grating of the fiber grating strain sensor 9.
  • the fiber grating strain sensor 9 is protected by a protective cover, and the gap between the protective cover and the steel wire is sealed with glue, and then sealed with a tape to protect the fiber grating strain sensor to form a fully packaged fiber grating strain sensor 9, as shown in FIG.
  • the packaged fiber grating temperature sensor 10 is suspended on the wire in the connecting cylinder 4, and the fiber cable 8 is inserted into the reserved steel pipe 7.
  • the connecting tube 4 is sleeved, and the connecting barrel sealing packing 6 is poured into the room temperature curing section of the connecting barrel.
  • the schematic diagram of the final intelligent cable structure is shown in FIG.
  • the fiber cable 8 led out from the anchor end of the smart cable is connected to the fiber grating demodulator 12, as shown in FIG. 11, by monitoring the change of the center wavelength of the fiber grating, and monitoring the temperature change in the cable in real time through the built-in fiber grating temperature sensor; Through the built-in fiber grating strain sensor and the result of fiber grating temperature compensation, the stress distribution of the wire inside the cable and the overall force of the cable are monitored in real time.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Description

内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统
(一） 技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种可适用于斜拉桥、悬索桥、拱桥等缆索承重结构的内 置传感器的智能缆索系统。
(二） 背景技术
现代大跨度桥梁的缆索系统是斜拉桥和悬索桥的核心构件，大跨径桥梁结 构的自重和桥上动载， 绝大部分是通过缆索系统传递到塔柱上， 缆索的工作状 态是直接反映桥梁是否处于安全状态的重要标志之一。但由于构造设计、环境 腐蚀、疲劳积累等原因， 缆索在服役期间难免出现不同程度的损伤和劣化。若 能将传感器有机地集成到缆索内部，使其自身能够测量内部应力、温度等参数， 使其从一个单纯承力的缆索上升为具有自动感知能力的智能缆索，同时也实现 兼顾缆索的整体受力与局部丝受力监测的可能，将更有利于人们掌握缆索自身 以及全桥的结构安全与运营状态， 及时发现事故先兆、 防止突发性事故发生。
光纤光栅是一种性能优良的敏感元件，可通过布拉格反射波长的移动来感 应外界微小应变变化而实现对结构应力、温度等参数实现在线监测。它具有不 怕恶劣环境、 不受环境噪声干扰、抗电磁干扰、 集传感与传输于一体、 构造简 单、 使用方便、 测量精度高等特点。但是未经特殊处理的光纤光栅很脆弱， 直 接布设于缆索中， 容易被破坏。将光纤光栅与缆索相结合， 涉及到如何将光纤 光栅以何种封装形式进行封装，提高光纤光栅传感器及光纤在缆索制造及应用 过程中的存活率； 如何将封装的光纤光栅传感器内置于缆索内部， 确保光纤光 栅传感器埋植工艺可靠；如何有效地将光纤光栅信号无失真地引出缆索体外等 问题。
(三）发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足，提供一种能提高光纤光栅传感器及光纤 在缆索制造及应用过程中的存活率、确保光纤光栅传感器埋植工艺可靠以及能 有效地将光纤光栅信号无失真地引出缆索体外的内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁 用智能缆索系统。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索 系统， 包括锚杯、分丝板、连接筒、 内置于连接筒部位的光纤光栅传感器以及 索体， 所述光纤光栅传感器包括光纤光栅应变传感器和光纤光栅温度传感器， 将所述光纤光栅应变传感器和光纤光栅温度传感器先进行封装，并将光纤光栅 应变传感器和光纤光栅温度传感器的尾纤引出，封装后的光纤光栅应变传感器 固定连接于连接筒部位的外层钢丝上，封装后的光纤光栅温度传感器悬置于连 接筒部位的钢丝上，在所述分丝板上穿孔，在所述连接筒和锚杯内预先埋入预 留钢管，该预留钢管由所述分丝板上的穿孔引出，将光纤光栅应变传感器和光 纤光栅温度传感器的的尾纤接入光纤线缆，该光纤线缆通过所述预留钢管从缆 索中引出，将从缆索中引出的光纤线缆接入一光纤光栅解调仪；通过监测光纤 光栅中心波长的变化，可实现对缆索内温度、缆索的整体受力情况及缆索内钢 丝的应力分布状况进行实时监测。
所述光纤光栅应变传感器的封装结构是：所述光纤光栅应变传感器包括第 一光纤光栅、 中间轴向第二钢管、第一钢管、直径略粗的第一保护钢管以及用 于与缆索用钢丝连接的支座， 所述第一保护钢管有一件， 第二钢管、 支座、第 一钢管均有二件， 二件第二钢管、二件支座、二件第一钢管左右对称布置于所 述第一保护钢管的左右两边，其中第二钢管的直径<第一钢管的直径<第一保 护钢管的直径，所述第二钢管中间轴向开槽， 将支座上部区域穿孔， 将一定标 距的第一钢管中间穿过所述支座上部区域穿孔连接在支座上。将直径略大、长 度合适的第一保护钢管的两端分别套装在所述二件第一钢管的一端，第一钢管 的另一端套装在所述第二钢管的一端，将第一光纤光栅穿过第二钢管、第一钢 管和第一保护钢管，光栅栅区在第一保护钢管中心位置，将第一光纤光栅两端 用胶固定在二个第二钢管的槽内，第二钢管开槽处外套第二热缩套保护开槽部 位，所述第一光纤光栅两端尾纤由所述第二钢管的另一端引出，将光纤光栅应 变传感器的支座与所述缆索的钢丝相连接，光纤光栅应变传感器外罩保护罩保 护，用胶泥密封保护罩与钢丝密封处，胶泥密封后的钢丝空隙处外面再用胶带 密封， 形成完全封装后的光纤光栅应变传感器。
所述的光纤光栅温度传感器的封装结构是：所述的光纤光栅温度传感器包 括第二光纤光栅、第二保护钢管和第二热縮套，第二光纤光栅悬置于第二保护 钢管内， 从第二保护钢管内引出尾纤， 引出处用胶固定， 并用第二热缩套热缩 保护。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提供一种在缆索的连接筒部位内置光纤光栅传感器的智能缆索系 统， 通过外接光纤光栅解调仪， 测量光纤光栅中心波长的变化， 可对缆索内应 力分布状况及缆索的整体受力状况进行实时监测，满足特大桥梁的健康监测要 求， 提高大桥的安全性。
(四） 附图说明
图 1为本发明的光纤光栅应变传感器结构示意图。 图 2为本发明的第二钢管示意图。
图 3为本发明的支座零件图。
图 4为图 3的 A-A剖示图。
图 5为本发明的光纤光栅应变传感器与缆索的钢丝连接示意图。
图 6为本发明的光纤光栅温度传感器结构示意图。
图 7为常用缆索的结构示意图。
图 8为本发明的缆索分丝板截面示意图。
图 9为本发明的缆索内预留钢管示意图。
图 10为本发明内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统结构示意图。 图 11为本发明内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统监测示意图。 图中附图标记：
锚杯 1、 环氧铸锚填料 2、 钢丝 3、 连接筒 4、 分丝板 5、 孔 5-1、 连接筒 密封填料 6、 预留钢管 7、 光纤线缆 8、 光纤光栅应变传感器 9、 光纤光栅温度 传感器 10、 索体 11、 光纤光栅解调仪 12;
第一光纤光栅 9-1、 第二钢管 9-2、 第一钢管 9-3、 支座 9-4、 第二热缩套 9-5、 第一保护钢管 9-6;
第二光纤光栅 10-1、 第二保护钢管 10-2、 第二热缩套 10-3。
(五） 具体实施方式
内置传感器测量缆索的受力状态一直是研究的难点，缆索内置光纤光栅应 变传感器 9的封装结构如下：
参见图 1， 图 1为本发明涉及的光纤光栅应变传感器结构示意图。 由图 1 可以看出， 本发明涉及的光纤光栅应变传感器 9包括第一光纤光栅 9-1、 第二 钢管 9-2、第一钢管 9-3、直径略粗的第一保护钢管 9-6以及用于与缆索用钢丝 连接的支座 9-4， 所述第一保护钢管 9-6有一件， 第一钢管 9-3、 支座 9-4和第 二钢管 9-2均有二件， 二件第一钢管 9-3、 二件支座 9-4和二件第二钢管 9-2 左右对称布置于所述第一保护钢管 9-6的左右两边， 其中第二钢管 9-2的直径 <第一钢管 9-3的直径 <第一保护钢管 9-6的直径， 所述第二钢管 9-2中间轴 向开槽， 如图 2。 将支座 9-4上部区域穿孔， 如图 3和图 4， 将一定标距的第 一钢管 9-3中间穿过所述支座 9-4上部区域穿孔连接在支座 9-4上， 所述第一 钢管 9-3中间径向切开分成两件， 切割的目的是将力直接传递到光纤光栅上， 即直接拉光纤光栅， 避免了第一钢管 9-3直接承受大应变。 将直径略大、 长度 合适的第一保护钢管 9-6的两端分别套装在所述二件第一钢管 9-3的一端， 保 护细钢管 9-3切开后连接位置，第一钢管 9-3的另一端套装在所述第二钢管 9-2 的一端， 将第一光纤光栅 9-1穿过第一钢管 9-3、 第二钢管 9-2和第一保护钢 管 9-6， 光栅栅区在第一保护钢管 9-6中心位置， 将第一光纤光栅 9-1两端用 胶固定在第二钢管 9-2的槽内， 第二钢管 9-2外套第二热缩套 9-5保护开槽部 位， 所述第一光纤光栅 9-1两端尾纤由所述第二钢管 9-2的另一端引出。
所述的光纤光栅温度传感器的封装结构是： 如图 6， 所述的光纤光栅温度 传感器 10包括第二光纤光栅 10-1、第二保护钢管 10-2和第二热缩套 10-3，第 二光纤光栅 10-1悬置于第二保护钢管 10-2内，从第二保护钢管 10-2内引出尾 纤， 引出处用胶固定， 并用第二热缩套 10-3热缩保护。
将光纤光栅应变传感器 9和光纤光栅温度传感器 10布置于缆索内部， 涉 及到如何将光纤光栅应变传感器 9和光纤光栅温度传感器 10的传感信号有效 引出索体外的问题。 常用缆索的结构示意图如图 7所示， 该缆索由锚杯 1、 环 氧铸锚填料 2、 钢丝 3、 连接筒 4、 分丝板 5、 连接筒密封填料 6和索体 11组 成。 在缆索的分丝板 5上预留几个孔 5-1， 如图 8所示。 将合适长度、 合适直 径的预留钢管 7穿过预留的孔 5-1内， 为光纤线缆 8引出预留通道。 对预留钢 管 7的要求是能够承受一定的折度和灌环氧铸锚填料 2时需承受的侧向压力。 向锚杯 1内灌入环氧铸锚填料 2， 将锚杯 1放入加热炉内加热固化， 使锚杯与 内部的钢丝成为一体。在灌锚工序结束后， 将光纤光栅应变传感器 9通过其支 座 9-4与缆索的连接筒 4部位的外层钢丝 3连接， 如图 5和图 9， 使钢丝 3上 所受的力有效地传递到光纤光栅应变传感器 9的光纤光栅上。将光纤光栅应变 传感器 9用保护罩保护，用胶泥密封保护罩与钢丝空隙处，外面再用胶带密封， 保护光纤光栅应变传感器， 形成完全封装后的光纤光栅应变传感器 9， 如图 9 所示。 将封装后的光纤光栅温度传感器 10悬置于所述连接筒 4内钢丝上， 将 光纤线缆 8穿入预留钢管 7内。 套上连接筒 4， 灌入连接筒密封填料 6， 进行 连接筒的常温固化环节。 最终的智能缆索结构示意图如图 10所示。
将智能缆索锚端引出的光纤线缆 8接入光纤光栅解调仪 12，如图 11所示， 通过监测光纤光栅中心波长的变化，通过内置的光纤光栅温度传感器， 实时监 测缆索内温度变化； 通过内置的光纤光栅应变传感器， 并结合光纤光栅温度补 偿的结果， 对缆索内钢丝的应力分布状况及缆索的整体受力进行实时监测。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统， 包括锚杯 (1)、 分丝 板 (5)、连接筒 (4)、 内置于连接筒 (4)部位的光纤光栅传感器以及索体 (11)， 所述 光纤光栅传感器包括光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)，其特 征在于： 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)先进行封装， 并 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)的尾纤引出，封装后的光 纤光栅应变传感器 (9)固定连接于连接筒 (4)部位的外层钢丝 (3)上， 封装后的光 纤光栅温度传感器 (10)悬置于连接筒部位的钢丝 (3)上，在所述分丝板 (5)上穿孔 (5-1), 在所述连接筒 (4)和锚杯 (1)内预先埋入预留钢管 ， 该预留钢管 (7)由所 述分丝板 (5)上的穿孔 (5-1)引出， 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传 感器 (10)的尾纤接入一光纤线缆 (8)， 该光纤线缆 (8)通过所述预留钢管 (7)从缆 索中引出， 将从缆索中引出的光纤线缆 (8)接入一光纤光栅解调仪 (12); 所述光 纤光栅传感器的封装结构是： 所述光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)包括第一光纤光栅 (9-1)、第一钢管 (9-3)、第二钢管 (9-2)、第一保护钢管 (9-6)以及支座 (9-4)， 所述 第一保护钢管 (9-6)有一件，第一钢管 (9-3)、支座 (9-4)和第二钢管 (9-2)均有二件， 二件第一钢管 (9-3)、二件支座 (9-4)和二件第二钢管 (9-2)左右对称布置于所述第 一保护钢管 (9-6)的左右两边，其中第二钢管 (9-2)的直径 <第一钢管 (9-3)的直径 <第一保护钢管 (9-6)的直径，所述第二钢管 (9-2)中间轴向开槽，支座 (9-4)上部 区域穿孔，第一钢管 (9-3)中间穿过所述支座 (9-4)上部区域穿孔连接在支座 (9-4) 上，将第一保护钢管 (9-6)的两端分别套装在所述二件第一钢管 (9-3)的一端，第 一钢管 (9-3)的另一端套装在所述第二钢管 (9-2)的一端， 将第一光纤光栅 (9-1) 穿过第二钢管 (9-2)、第一钢管 (9-3)和第一保护钢管 (9-6)，光栅栅区在第一保护 权利 要 求
1、 一种内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统， 包括锚杯 (1)、 分丝 板 (5)、连接筒 (4)、 内置于连接筒 (4)部位的光纤光栅传感器以及索体 (11)，所述 光纤光栅传感器包括光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)，其特 征在于： 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)先进行封装， 并 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)的尾纤引出，封装后的光 纤光栅应变传感器 (9)固定连接于连接筒 (4)部位的外层钢丝 (3)上， 封装后的光 纤光栅温度传感器 (10)悬置于连接筒部位的钢丝 (3)上，在所述分丝板 (5)上穿孔 (5-1), 在所述连接筒 (4)和锚杯 (1)内预先埋入预留钢管 (7)， 该预留钢管 (7)由所 述分丝板 (5)上的穿孔 (5-1)引出， 将光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)和光纤光栅温度传 感器 (10)的尾纤接入一光纤线缆 (8)， 该光纤线缆 (8)通过所述预留钢管 C 从缆 索中引出， 将从缆索中引出的光纤线缆 (8)接入一光纤光栅解调仪 (12); 所述光 纤光栅传感器的封装结构是： 所述光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)包括第一光纤光栅 (9-1)、第一钢管 (9-3)、第二钢管 (9-2)、第一保护钢管 (9-6)以及支座 (9-4)， 所述 第一保护钢管 (9-6)有一件，第一钢管 (9-3)、支座 (9-4)和第二钢管 (9-2)均有二件， 二件第一钢管 (9-3)、二件支座 (9-4)和二件第二钢管 (9-2)左右对称布置于所述第 一保护钢管 (9-6)的左右两边，其中第二钢管 (9-2)的直径 <第一钢管 (9-3)的直径 <第一保护钢管 (9-6)的直径，所述第二钢管 (9-2)中间轴向开槽，支座 (9-4)上部 区域穿孔，第一钢管 (9-3)中间穿过所述支座 (9-4)上部区域穿孔连接在支座 (9-4) 上，将第一保护钢管 (9-6)的两端分别套装在所述二件第一钢管 (9-3)的一端，第 一钢管 (9-3)的另一端套装在所述第二钢管 (9-2)的一端， 将第一光纤光栅 (9-1) 穿过第二钢管 (9-2)、第一钢管 (9-3)和第一保护钢管 (9-6)，光栅栅区在第一保护 钢管 (9-6)中心位置， 将第一光纤光栅 (9-1)两端用胶固定在所述二件第二钢管 (9-2)的槽内， 第二钢管 (9-2)开槽处外套第二热缩套 (9-5)， 所述第一光纤光栅 (9-1)两端尾纤由所述第二钢管 (9-2)的另一端引出， 光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)的 支座与所述缆索的钢丝相连接， 光纤光栅应变传感器 (9)外罩保护罩保护， 用 胶泥密封保护罩与钢丝密封处， 胶泥密封后的钢丝空隙处外面再用胶带密封， 形成完全封装后的光纤光栅应变传感器； 所述的光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)封装 结构是： 所述光纤光栅温度传感器 (10)包括第二光纤光栅 (10-1)、 第二保护钢 管 (10-2)和第二热缩套 (10-3)， 第二光纤光栅 (10-1)悬置于第二保护钢管 (10-2) 内， 第二光纤光栅 (10-1)从第二保护钢管 (10-2)内引出尾纤， 弓 I出处用胶固定， 并套上第二热縮套 (10-3)。
8
PCT/CN2009/001340 2009-09-30 2009-11-27 内置光纤光栅传感器的桥梁用智能缆索系统 Ceased WO2011038536A1 (zh)

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CN107101592B (zh) * 2017-06-21 2023-05-23 智性科技南通有限公司 一种防屈曲光纤光栅应变传感器及其制备方法
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CN116608975B (zh) * 2023-05-23 2024-06-11 江苏大学 一种基于cfrp传感器的预应力锚具结构健康监测系统及方法
CN117699577A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-03-15 昆明船舶设备研究试验中心(中国船舶集团有限公司七五〇试验场) 基于光纤光栅应力传感的脐带缆收放控制方法及系统
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