WO2011040391A1 - 波長変換用蛍光材料、これを含む波長変換用樹脂組成物、これらを用いた太陽電池モジュール、波長変換用樹脂組成物の製造方法及び太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 - Google Patents
波長変換用蛍光材料、これを含む波長変換用樹脂組成物、これらを用いた太陽電池モジュール、波長変換用樹脂組成物の製造方法及び太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040391A1 WO2011040391A1 PCT/JP2010/066781 JP2010066781W WO2011040391A1 WO 2011040391 A1 WO2011040391 A1 WO 2011040391A1 JP 2010066781 W JP2010066781 W JP 2010066781W WO 2011040391 A1 WO2011040391 A1 WO 2011040391A1
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- wavelength conversion
- fluorescent material
- resin composition
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- wavelength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
- H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H10F77/45—Wavelength conversion means, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/06—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/182—Metal complexes of the rare earth metals, i.e. Sc, Y or lanthanide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wavelength conversion fluorescent material for solar cells, a wavelength conversion resin composition containing the same, a solar cell module using these, and a method for producing them. More specifically, a wavelength-converting fluorescent material and a wavelength-converting resin composition for use in a solar cell module that can increase power generation efficiency by wavelength-converting light in a wavelength region that does not contribute to power generation into light in a wavelength region that contributes to power generation
- the present invention relates to an article, a solar cell module, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a conventional silicon crystal solar cell module has the following configuration.
- the protective glass on the surface also called cover glass
- a sealing material usually also called a resin or filler mainly composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- the one surface is provided with an uneven pattern by embossing.
- the uneven pattern is formed on the inner side, and the surface of the solar cell module is smooth.
- the sealing material and back film for carrying out protection sealing of the photovoltaic cell and a tab wire are provided under the protective glass (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1).
- a fluorescent substance also referred to as a light emitting material.
- JP 2000-328053 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-230396 JP 2003-243682 A JP 2003-218379 A JP 11-345993 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-024716 Japanese Patent Publication No. 08-004147 JP 2001-094128 A JP 2001-352091 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-261811 Japanese Patent No.
- Patent Documents 2 to 13 propose a wavelength conversion of light in a wavelength range that contributes little to power generation into light in a wavelength range that contributes greatly to power generation.
- the wavelength conversion layer contains a fluorescent substance.
- this fluorescent material generally has a large refractive index and shape, and when the incident sunlight passes through the wavelength conversion film, it is scattered and does not reach the solar cells sufficiently, and the ratio of not contributing to power generation increases. This scattering occurs because a fluorescent material having a refractive index different from that of the medium and having a large particle size is dispersed in the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- the ratio of the electric power generated with respect to the incident sunlight power generation efficiency
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- the present invention is intended to improve the above-described problems, and aims to improve the light utilization efficiency in the solar cell module and stably improve the power generation efficiency.
- a silicon crystal solar cell light having a shorter wavelength than 400 nm and a wavelength longer than 1200 nm are not effectively used in sunlight, and about 56% of solar energy is sunlight due to this spectrum mismatch. Does not contribute to power generation.
- the present invention intends to overcome spectral mismatch by using a wavelength converting fluorescent material having excellent moisture resistance and good dispersibility, converting the wavelength, and using sunlight efficiently and stably.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion of the present invention has an object of being excellent in moisture resistance and dispersibility in a transparent dispersion medium resin as compared with a conventional rare earth complex fluorescent material. Moreover, the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion of this invention converts the light of the wavelength range with little contribution to photovoltaic power generation into the wavelength range with a large contribution to power generation among the incident sunlight. Furthermore, the wavelength conversion fluorescent material obtained by mixing the fluorescent substance in the vinyl compound can provide a wavelength conversion resin composition that is in a good dispersion state in the transparent dispersion medium resin. Therefore, it aims at introducing efficiently the converted light to a photovoltaic cell without scattering by using this resin composition for wavelength conversion for the light transmissive layer of a photovoltaic module.
- the present inventors have made a great contribution to power generation by using a fluorescent material mixed with a vinyl compound, so that light in a wavelength range that has little contribution to solar power generation out of incident sunlight. It has been found that the moisture resistance and dispersibility are excellent at the same time as the conversion to the wavelength.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion obtained by mixing a fluorescent substance with a vinyl compound and polymerizing the mixture in some cases, the fluorescent substance is dissolved or dispersed in the vinyl compound, and the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion itself. Becomes a well dispersed state in the transparent dispersion medium resin. Therefore, it has been found that by using this wavelength conversion resin material for the light transmissive layer of the solar cell module, light is hardly scattered and can be efficiently introduced into the solar cell, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a wavelength-converting fluorescent material used for a light-transmitting layer of a solar cell module obtained by mixing a fluorescent substance with a vinyl compound.
- a wavelength conversion resin composition in which the wavelength conversion fluorescent material according to any one of (1) to (3) is mixed with a transparent dispersion medium resin, The resin composition for wavelength conversion, wherein the vinyl compound is polymerized before the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion is mixed with the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- a step of mixing a fluorescent substance with an acrylic monomer and / or a methacrylic monomer to obtain a fluorescent material for wavelength conversion A polymerization step of polymerizing the acrylic monomer and / or methacrylic monomer of the wavelength conversion fluorescent material to obtain a wavelength conversion fluorescent material after polymerization;
- a solar cell module comprising a step of forming at least one layer of a light transmissive layer of a solar cell module by forming the wavelength conversion resin composition according to (4) or (5) into a sheet shape. Manufacturing method.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion as described in the above (4) or (5) is formed into a film shape and attached to the inside of the solar battery cell or the protective glass, and at least the light transmissive layer of the solar battery module.
- the manufacturing method of the solar cell module which has the process of comprising one layer.
- the solar cell module when applied to a solar cell module, the light of a wavelength region that contributes little to solar power generation among incident sunlight is converted into light of a wavelength region that contributes greatly to power generation, It is possible to provide a wavelength conversion fluorescent material, a wavelength conversion resin composition, and a method for producing the same that can efficiently and stably use sunlight without scattering light. Moreover, the solar cell module which can utilize sunlight efficiently and stably by using these can be provided.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion of the present invention is obtained by mixing a fluorescent substance with a vinyl compound, and is used for a light transmissive layer of a solar cell module.
- rare earth metal organic complexes preferably used in the present invention are generally deteriorated by acid / alkali and moisture, and there is a problem that the wavelength conversion efficiency deteriorates with time. Therefore, mixing the fluorescent substance in the vinyl compound has the effect of preventing the vinyl compound from blocking acid, alkali and moisture, improving moisture resistance and dispersibility, and preventing the wavelength conversion efficiency of the fluorescent substance from deteriorating. can get.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion scattering of light is suppressed by mixing a fluorescent substance (a rare earth metal organic complex preferably used) in a vinyl compound.
- the phosphor is dissolved or dispersed in the vinyl compound by “mixing the phosphor into the vinyl compound”. Even in the case of being dispersed, the fluorescent substance in the present invention is once dissolved in the vinyl compound. Therefore, the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion obtained thereby is in a favorable dispersed state in the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- the dissolved state is specifically “a state in which particles cannot be visually confirmed when a fluorescent substance is mixed with a vinyl compound”.
- the wavelength conversion fluorescent material of the present invention is used as a wavelength conversion resin composition by mixing in a transparent dispersion medium resin.
- the wavelength conversion fluorescent material is a transparent dispersion medium. It is a good dispersion state in the resin. Details will be described later.
- Fluorescent material for wavelength conversion contains fluorescent substance and vinyl compound as components. Moreover, the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion may contain radical polymerization initiators, such as a peroxide, as needed.
- fluorescent substance examples include organic complexes of rare earth metals, among which europium complexes and samarium complexes are preferred. Specifically, in addition to the central element europium (Eu), a molecule that becomes a ligand is necessary. However, in the present invention, the ligand is not limited and a molecule that forms a complex with europium or samarium. Anything is acceptable.
- a rare earth complex such as Eu (TTA) 3 phen
- a method for producing Eu (TTA) 3 Phen is described, for example, in Masa Mitsui, Shinji Kikuchi, Tokuji Miyashita, Yutaka Amano, J. et al. Mater. Chem. Reference may be made to the method disclosed in 2003, 13, 285-2879.
- the ligand is not limited, but as the neutral ligand, carboxylic acid, nitrogen-containing organic compound, nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compound, ⁇ -diketone, and phosphine oxide are preferable.
- R 1 COCHR 2 COR 3 (wherein a ligand of the rare earth complex, R 1 is an aryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylalkyl group, an aralkyl group, or substituted versions thereof, R 2 is H, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylalkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, and R 3 represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylalkyl group, an aralkyl group or a substituted product thereof)
- ⁇ -diketones include acetylacetone, perfluoroacetylacetone, benzoyl-2-furanoylmethane, 1,3-bis (3-pyridyl) -1,3-propanedione, benzoyltrifluoroacetone, and benzoyl.
- Nitrogen-containing organic compounds, nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compounds, and phosphine oxides as neutral ligands of rare earth complexes include, for example, 1,10-phenanthroline, 2-2'-bipyridyl, 2-2'-6 , 2 "-terpyridyl, 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 2- (2-pyridyl) benzimidazole, triphenylphosphine oxide, tri-n-butylphosphine oxide, tri-n-octylphosphine Examples thereof include oxide and tri-n-butyl phosphate.
- a solar cell module having high power generation efficiency can be realized.
- the europium complex converts light in the ultraviolet region into light in the red wavelength region with high wavelength conversion efficiency, and the converted light contributes to power generation in the solar battery cell.
- the vinyl compound is not particularly limited as long as it is an acrylic monomer, a methacrylic monomer, an acrylic oligomer, a methacrylic oligomer or the like that can be converted into a vinyl resin, particularly an acrylic resin or a methacrylic resin, upon polymerization reaction.
- an acrylic monomer, a methacryl monomer, etc. are mentioned.
- acrylic monomers and methacrylic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and alkyl esters thereof, and other vinyl monomers that can be copolymerized therewith may be used in combination, or may be used alone or in combination of two or more. You can also.
- alkyl acrylate ester or alkyl methacrylate ester examples include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, and the like.
- vinyl monomers that can be copolymerized with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylate ester or alkyl methacrylate ester include acrylamide, acrylonitrile, diacetone acrylamide, styrene, vinyl toluene, and the like. These vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- acrylic oligomer and methacrylic oligomer those obtained by polymerizing the above acrylic monomer and methacrylic monomer are used.
- radical polymerization initiator examples include peroxides.
- organic peroxides that generate free radicals by heat are preferable.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion of the present invention is obtained by mixing the above fluorescent substance and vinyl compound, and radical polymerization initiators such as peroxide, if necessary, and dissolving or dispersing the fluorescent substance in the vinyl compound. .
- radical polymerization initiators such as peroxide
- the preferable content of the fluorescent substance may be 0.001 to 1.0% by mass in the vinyl compound. More preferably, the content is 0.01 to 0.5% by mass. By containing in this range, it will be in a dissolved state.
- the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion according to the present invention means that after the polymerization of the vinyl compound, but the material before polymerization is also within the scope of the present invention.
- the vinyl compound is appropriately selected so that the wavelength-converting fluorescent material has good dispersibility in the transparent dispersion medium resin when mixed with the transparent dispersion medium resin as the wavelength-converting fluorescent material after polymerization.
- the state of good dispersibility refers to a state where scattering causing light loss does not occur or has been minimized in the wavelength conversion layer.
- the state of good dispersibility in order to obtain a state where light scattering is small, it can be achieved by the following method.
- a mutual composition with good dispersibility is selected in the resin composition of the wavelength conversion fluorescent material (the vinyl compound) and the composition of the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- the solubility parameter is a guide for good mixing.
- the polymerization method may be selected in the manner of polymerization of the wavelength converting fluorescent material, for example, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, etc. Is mentioned.
- light scattering can be reduced by reducing the concentration of a substance that causes light scattering. For example, if it is caused by the precipitation of the fluorescent substance, the concentration of the fluorescent substance in the wavelength converting fluorescent material may be lowered. If the cause is the wavelength converting fluorescent material in the transparent dispersion medium resin, the concentration of the fluorescent substance may be reduced. You can lower it.
- the wavelength-converting fluorescent material of the present invention can be mixed with a transparent dispersion medium resin after polymerizing a vinyl compound to obtain a wavelength-converting resin composition.
- a preferable blending amount of the wavelength converting fluorescent material in the wavelength converting resin composition of the present invention is 0.00001 to 1 in terms of mass concentration of the rare earth metal organic complex (preferably europium complex) with respect to the total nonvolatile content. Mass% is preferred. If it is 0.00001% by mass or less, the light emission efficiency tends to be small, and if it is 1% by mass or more, the light emission efficiency tends to decrease due to concentration quenching, or the power generation effect tends to be adversely affected by scattering of incident light.
- Transparent dispersion medium resin As the transparent dispersion medium resin in the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention, a photocurable resin, a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin, or the like is preferably used.
- the resin used as a sealing agent resin for solar cells is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (also referred to as “EVA”) imparted with thermosetting properties as described in Patent Documents 18 to 25 described above. ) Is widely used in terms of cost and transparency. Accordingly, in the present invention, the transparent dispersion medium resin preferably contains EVA.
- the present invention does not limit the transparent sealing resin that also serves as a dispersion medium, and can be used together with a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, and a photocurable resin.
- the resin configuration of the photocurable resin and the photocuring method are not particularly limited.
- the wavelength conversion resin composition is obtained by (A) a binder resin, (B) a crosslinkable monomer, and (C) light or heat in addition to the wavelength conversion fluorescent material. It consists of a photopolymerization initiator that generates free radicals.
- binder resin (A) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, homopolymers having these alkyl esters as constituent monomers, and other vinyl monomers copolymerizable therewith as constituent monomers. Coalescence is used.
- alkyl acrylate ester and the alkyl methacrylate ester include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, and the like.
- alkyl ester of acrylic acid or an unsubstituted alkyl ester of methacrylic acid include acrylic acid-substituted alkyl esters and methacrylic acid-substituted alkyl esters in which a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, a halogen group or the like is substituted; homopolymers and copolymers having a single structure or a plurality of structures.
- examples of other vinyl monomers that can be copolymerized with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylate ester, and alkyl methacrylate ester include acrylamide, acrylonitrile, diacetone acrylamide, styrene, vinyl toluene, and the like. These vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the component (A) dispersion medium resin is preferably 10,000 to 300,000 from the viewpoint of coating properties and coating strength.
- a crosslinkable monomer for example, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate; tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate; Benzyl (meth) acrylate; a compound obtained by reacting an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid with a polyhydric alcohol (for example, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate (having 2 to 14 ethylene groups), trimethylol) Propanedi (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethoxytri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropanepropoxytri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethanetri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethanetetra ( (Meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate (having 2 to 14 propylene groups), dipenta
- crosslinkable monomers are trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate in the sense that the crosslinking density and reactivity can be easily controlled.
- Bisphenol A polyoxyethylene dimethacrylate is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- (A) the binder resin and / or (B) the crosslinkable monomer contain bromine and sulfur atoms.
- bromine-containing monomers include New Frontier BR-31, New Frontier BR-30, and New Frontier BR-42M manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
- sulfur-containing monomer composition include IU-L2000, IU-L3000, and IU-MS1010 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.
- the bromine and sulfur atom-containing monomers (polymers containing them) used in the present invention are not limited to those listed here.
- a photopolymerization initiator that generates free radicals by ultraviolet light or visible light is preferable, and examples thereof include benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, and benzoin phenyl ether.
- Benzoin ethers Benzophenones such as benzophenone, N, N′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone (Michler ketone), N, N′-tetraethyl-4,4′-diaminobenzophenone; Benzyl ketals such as benzyl dimethyl ketal (IRGACURE (Irgacure) 651 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals), benzyl diethyl ketal; Acetophenones such as 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, p-tert-butyldichloroacetophenone, p-dimethylaminoacetophenone; Xanthones such as 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone and 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone; Alternatively, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (IRGACURE (Irga
- photopolymerization initiator (C) examples include 2,4,5-triallylimidazole dimer, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, leucocrystal violet, tris (4-diethylamino). Combinations with -2-methylphenyl) methane and the like are also included.
- an additive that can be used as a sensitizer system with a better photoinitiation performance as a whole when used in combination with the above substances such as triethanolamine for benzophenone, etc. Secondary amines can be used.
- the (C) photopolymerization initiator may be changed to a thermal polymerization initiator.
- organic peroxides that generate free radicals by heat are preferred.
- thermoplastic resin that flows by heating or pressurization
- a thermoplastic resin that flows by heating or pressurization for the transparent dispersion medium resin of the wavelength conversion resin composition
- Polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutene, polybutene
- enes such as polyisoprene, poly-1,2-butadiene, poly-2-heptyl-1,3-butadiene, poly-2-t-butyl-1,3-butadiene, poly-1,3-butadiene, etc.
- Polyethers such as polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyvinyl ethyl ether, polyvinyl hexyl ether, polyvinyl butyl ether; Polyvinyls such as polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl chloride; Polyesters such as polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl propionate; Polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile, polyethyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, poly-2-ethylhexyl acrylate, poly-t-butyl acrylate, poly-3-ethoxypropyl acrylate, polyoxycarbonyltetramethacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyisopropyl Methacrylate, polydodecyl methacrylate, polytetradecyl methacrylate, poly-n-propyl methacrylate, poly-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate, polyethyl meth
- thermoplastic resins may be copolymerized in two or more if necessary, or may be used by blending two or more.
- epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, polyether acrylate, polyester acrylate, or the like can be used as a copolymer resin with the above resin.
- urethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyether acrylate are excellent from the viewpoint of adhesiveness.
- Epoxy acrylates include 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, allyl alcohol diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, adipic acid diglycidyl ester, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether And (meth) acrylic acid adducts such as trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, glycerin triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, and sorbitol tetraglycidyl ether.
- Polymers having a hydroxyl group in the molecule are effective for improving the adhesion.
- These copolymer resins can be used in combination of two or more as required.
- the softening temperature of these resins is preferably 150 ° C. or less, and more preferably 100 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of handleability. Considering that the use environment temperature of the solar cell unit is usually 80 ° C. or lower and workability, the softening temperature of the resin is particularly preferably 80 to 120 ° C.
- the other components of the wavelength conversion resin composition are not particularly limited as long as the wavelength conversion fluorescent material of the present invention is contained, but usually used components, For example, it is possible to contain a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a stabilizer and the like.
- a photocurable resin, a thermosetting resin, a thermoplastic resin and the like are not particularly limited, but a particularly preferable resin.
- a thermal radical polymerization initiator, if necessary, a crosslinking aid, an adhesion aid, an ultraviolet absorber, and stabilization is mentioned.
- the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention is excellent in moisture resistance by using the wavelength conversion fluorescent material of the present invention, and the wavelength conversion fluorescent material has good dispersibility in the transparent dispersion medium resin. Therefore, it can be efficiently introduced into the solar battery cell without light scattering.
- the wavelength conversion fluorescent material is reacted so that the vinyl compound is polymerized. This reaction condition is appropriately determined depending on the vinyl compound used.
- the polymerized wavelength conversion fluorescent material is mixed with the transparent dispersion medium resin at a predetermined concentration to obtain a wavelength conversion resin composition, and the transparent dispersion medium resin is cured.
- This curing condition is also appropriately determined depending on the transparent dispersion medium resin to be used.
- the cured resin composition for wavelength conversion is measured for turbidity using a haze meter (NDH-2000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.).
- the fluorescent material has good dispersibility in the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention can be used as one light transmissive layer of a solar cell module having a plurality of light transmissive layers.
- the solar cell module is composed of necessary members such as an antireflection film, a protective glass, a sealing material, a solar cell, a back film, a cell electrode, and a tab wire.
- necessary members such as an antireflection film, a protective glass, a sealing material, a solar cell, a back film, a cell electrode, and a tab wire.
- examples of the light transmissive layer having light transmissive properties include an antireflection film, a protective glass, a sealing material, a SiNx: H layer and a Si layer of a solar cell.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention is preferably used as a sealing material in the light transmissive layer. Moreover, it is also possible to arrange
- the transparent dispersion medium resin needs to be at least the same level or higher in refraction than the incident side layer.
- the plurality of light transmissive layers are layer 1, layer 2,..., Layer m from the light incident side, and their refractive indices are n1, n2,. It is preferable that n1 ⁇ n2 ⁇ .
- the order of lamination of the light-transmitting layers mentioned above is usually an antireflection film, a protective glass, a sealing material, and SiNx of solar battery cells, which are formed as necessary, in order from the light receiving surface of the solar battery module: H layer and Si layer.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention when used as a sealing material, the external light entering from any angle has little reflection loss, and the refraction of the resin composition for wavelength conversion is efficiently introduced into the solar battery cell.
- the refractive index is higher than the refractive index of the light transmissive layer disposed on the light incident side of the wavelength conversion resin composition, that is, the antireflection film, the protective glass, and the like, and is formed of the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention. It is preferable to make it lower than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer disposed on the light-incident side of the sealing material, that is, the SiNx: H layer (also referred to as “cell antireflection film”) and the Si layer of the solar battery cell. .
- the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention When used as a sealing material, it is disposed on the light receiving surface of a solar battery cell. By doing so, it is possible to follow the uneven shape including the texture structure, the cell electrode, the tab line and the like on the solar cell light receiving surface without any gap.
- the wavelength conversion fluorescent material of the present invention containing a fluorescent material, preferably a wavelength conversion fluorescent material using a europium complex as the fluorescent material. Contain.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention comprises a step of mixing a fluorescent substance with a vinyl compound (preferably an acrylic monomer and / or methacrylic monomer) to obtain a fluorescent material for wavelength conversion, A polymerization step of polymerizing the acrylic monomer and / or methacrylic monomer of the wavelength conversion fluorescent material to obtain a wavelength conversion fluorescent material after polymerization; And a step of mixing the wavelength-converted fluorescent material after polymerization with a transparent dispersion medium resin to obtain a wavelength-converting resin composition.
- a vinyl compound preferably an acrylic monomer and / or methacrylic monomer
- Step of obtaining fluorescent material for wavelength conversion The method for producing the fluorescent material for wavelength conversion is as described above, and can be obtained by mixing the above-described fluorescent substance, vinyl compound, radical polymerization initiator such as peroxide, if necessary.
- a mixing method For example, what is necessary is just to carry out by stirring with a mix rotor, a magnetic stirrer, and a stirring blade.
- the obtained wavelength conversion fluorescent material is polymerized.
- the polymerization conditions vary depending on the vinyl compound used and the radical polymerization initiator, but may be appropriately adjusted with reference to normal polymerization conditions. More specifically, a radical polymerization initiator is further mixed with the vinyl compound mixed with the fluorescent substance, and a temperature corresponding to the radical polymerization initiator is applied.
- the state of the polymer to be produced can be selected according to its glass transition point.
- a surfactant for example, polyvinyl alcohol
- a particulate polymer can be obtained (suspension polymerization).
- finer particles can be obtained (emulsion polymerization) by using different surfactants and finely suspending them.
- a glass transition point lower than room temperature such as butyl acrylate
- a glass transition point lower than room temperature can be obtained by polymerizing a liquid in which a fluorescent substance and a radical polymerization initiator are mixed in a container such as a flask as it is to obtain a polymer having a high viscosity.
- a radical polymerization initiator an organic peroxide such as lauroyl peroxide is suitable, and lauroyl peroxide is preferably polymerized at 50 to 60 ° C.
- Step of obtaining wavelength conversion resin composition Subsequently, the wavelength-converting fluorescent material after polymerization is mixed with a transparent dispersion medium resin to obtain a wavelength-converting resin composition. The wavelength-converting fluorescent material after polymerization of the vinyl compound is then washed with water, dried and isolated, and then mixed with the transparent dispersion medium resin.
- a roll mill As a mixing condition, for example, when mixing with an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a roll mill can be used. In a roll adjusted to 90 ° C., the pelletized or powdered ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is mixed with the above-described polymerized wavelength converting fluorescent material, radical polymerization initiator, silane coupling agent, and other additives. It is obtained by adding and kneading.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention obtained as described above can be used as a light transmissive layer of a solar cell module.
- Forming in a sheet form is preferable from the point of easiness of use.
- it In order to form a sheet, it can be formed through a spacer by a press adjusted to 90 ° C. By setting the thickness of the spacer to about 0.4 to 1.0 mm, an easy-to-use sheet wavelength conversion resin composition can be obtained.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion obtained as described above is formed into a cast film and attached to the inside of the solar cell or protective glass, and constitutes at least one layer of the light transmissive layer of the solar cell module Is possible.
- the wavelength conversion resin composition for use in a cast film is prepared by blending an acrylic resin polymerized in a solution such as toluene with a crosslinkable monomer, light or a thermal polymerization initiator, and mixing the above wavelength conversion fluorescent material. It is obtained by doing.
- the mixed solution of the wavelength converting resin composition is applied onto a base film (for example, PET film) using an applicator or the like, and the solvent is dried to obtain a cast film.
- a base film for example, PET film
- the present invention also covers a solar module using the wavelength conversion resin composition.
- the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention is used as one of the light transmissive layers of a solar cell module having a plurality of light transmissive layers and solar cells.
- a solar cell module having high power generation efficiency can be realized by using a europium complex as a fluorescent material used in the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention.
- the europium complex converts light in the ultraviolet region into light in the red wavelength region with high wavelength conversion efficiency, and the converted light contributes to power generation in the solar battery cell.
- a solar cell module is produced as a wavelength conversion type sealing material between a solar cell and a protective glass, for example, using a sheet-shaped resin composition layer obtained by using the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention. It is possible.
- a layer (particularly preferably a sheet) made of the wavelength conversion resin composition of the present invention is used in place of a normal sealing material sheet, without any difference from the method for producing a silicon crystal solar cell module. Only the difference is.
- a silicon crystal solar cell module first has a sheet-like encapsulant (mostly an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a thermal radical polymerization initiator, Put the curable type).
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of this invention is used for the sealing material used here.
- cells connected by tab wires are placed, and further a sheet-like sealing material (in the present invention, the wavelength conversion resin composition may be used only on the light receiving surface side, and this back surface is a conventional one.
- a back sheet is placed on the solar cell module, and a module is prepared using a vacuum pressure laminator dedicated to the solar cell module.
- the hot plate temperature of the laminator is a temperature necessary for the sealing material to soften and melt, wrap the cell and further harden, and is usually 120 to 180 ° C., and most often 140 to 160 ° C. Designed to cause these physical and chemical changes.
- the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention is in a state before being made into a solar module, specifically, a semi-cured state when a curable resin is used.
- the refractive index of the layer which consists of a resin composition for wavelength conversion of a semi-hardened state and the layer after hardening (after making into a solar module) does not change a lot.
- the form of the resin composition for wavelength conversion of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a sheet from the viewpoint of ease of production of the solar module.
- the substrate film is first removed by laminating using a vacuum laminator on the light incident surface of the protective glass or the light incident surface of the solar cell. . If it is photocurable, it is cured by light irradiation. If it is thermosetting, it is cured by applying heat, but it can also be cured by applying heat at the time of lamination. The subsequent process is completely the same as the manufacturing method of a normal solar cell module.
- the present invention is an improvement of the wavelength conversion type solar cell encapsulant of the invention described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-157755 filed on July 2, 2009, and has a further moisture resistance effect. Is.
- Example 1 ⁇ Synthesis of fluorescent substances> First, a fluorescent material is synthesized. 200 mg of 4,4,4-trifluoro-1- (thienyl) -1,3-butanedione (TTA) was dissolved in 7 ml of ethanol, and 1.1 ml of 1M sodium hydroxide was added thereto and mixed. 6.2 mg of 1,10-phenanthroline dissolved in 7 ml of ethanol is added to the above mixed solution and stirred for 1 hour. Then, 103 mg of EuCl 3 ⁇ 6H 2 O (103 mg) is added to obtain a precipitate. This was filtered off, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain a fluorescent substance Eu (TTA) 3 Phen.
- TTA 4,4,4-trifluoro-1- (thienyl) -1,3-butanedione
- ⁇ Adjustment of wavelength conversion resin composition Add 1000 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water and 0.01 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol to the flask, stir, add the monomer mixture (wavelength converting fluorescent material 1) to this, mix vigorously, obtain.
- the suspension flask is heated to 60 ° C. with stirring to perform suspension polymerization. After the reaction for about 3 hours, the obtained wavelength-converting fluorescent material 1 after polymerization is washed with water and dried.
- a transparent dispersion medium resin 100 g of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin manufactured by Tosoh Corporation: Ultracene 634 was used as a peroxide thermal radical polymerization initiator manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi Corporation (in this case, also serving as a crosslinking agent): A roll mill of 90 ° C. with 1.5 g of Luperox 101, a silane coupling agent manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd .: 0.5 g of SZ6030, and 2 g of the fluorescent material 1 for wavelength conversion after polymerization obtained above. Were kneaded to obtain a wavelength converting resin composition.
- ⁇ Preparation of wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet using wavelength conversion resin composition About 30 g of the wavelength conversion resin composition obtained above is sandwiched between release sheets, 0.6 mm thick stainless steel spacers are used, and a heat plate is adjusted to 80 ° C. to form a sheet to convert the wavelength. A mold sealant sheet was obtained.
- Example 2 Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> A wavelength converting fluorescent material 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of ethyl acrylate was used instead of 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 60 parts by mass of butyl acrylate.
- a wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength conversion fluorescent material 2 obtained above was used, and the light emission and moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the turbidity of the obtained wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 and found to be 1.2%.
- Example 3 Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> A wavelength converting fluorescent material 3 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of butyl acrylate was used instead of 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 60 parts by mass of butyl acrylate.
- a wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength conversion fluorescent material 3 obtained above was used, and the light emission moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 ⁇ Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> Eu (TTA) 3 bpy was used instead of Eu (TTA) 3 Phen as the fluorescent material, and 100 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate was used as the vinyl compound instead of 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 60 parts by mass of butyl acrylate.
- a wavelength converting fluorescent material 4 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for.
- a wavelength-converting encapsulant sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength-converting fluorescent material 4 obtained above was used, and the light-emission moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 ⁇ Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> Using Eu (TTA) 3 (TPPO) 2 instead of Eu (TTA) 3 Phen as fluorescent substance, 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 100 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate in place of 60 parts by weight of butyl acrylate as a vinyl compound A wavelength converting fluorescent material 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used.
- TPPO triphenylphosphine oxide
- a wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength converting fluorescent material 5 obtained above was used, and the light emission and moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 ⁇ Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> Eu (BTA) 3 phen was used instead of Eu (TTA) 3 Phen as a fluorescent substance, and 100 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate was used as a vinyl compound instead of 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 60 parts by mass of butyl acrylate. Except for, a wavelength converting fluorescent material 6 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- BFA 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione.
- a wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength conversion fluorescent material 6 obtained above was used, and the light emission and moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 ⁇ Preparation of fluorescent material for wavelength conversion> Eu (2NTFA) 3 phen was used instead of Eu (TTA) 3 Phen as the fluorescent substance, and 100 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate was used as the vinyl compound instead of 40 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate and 60 parts by mass of butyl acrylate. Except for, a wavelength converting fluorescent material 7 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- 2NTFA 4,4,4-trifluoro-1- (2-naphthyl) -1,3-butanedione.
- a wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wavelength converting fluorescent material 7 obtained above was used, and the light emission and moisture resistance was similarly evaluated using this. The results are shown in Table 1.
- wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet by sol-gel glass About 30 g of the resin composition obtained above is sandwiched between release sheets, a 0.6 mm thick stainless steel spacer is used, a hot plate is adjusted to 80 ° C., and the sheet is formed into a sheet, and wavelength conversion type sealing A material sheet was obtained.
- the turbidity of the obtained wavelength conversion type sealing material sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 and found to be 1.2%.
- the wavelength-converting fluorescent material and the wavelength-converting resin composition when applied to the solar cell module, the light having a small contribution to the photovoltaic power generation among the incident sunlight is changed to a wavelength having a large contribution to the power generation. Simultaneously with the conversion, it is possible to provide a wavelength conversion fluorescent material and a wavelength conversion resin composition that can efficiently and stably use sunlight without deterioration.
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Abstract
Description
前記波長変換用蛍光材料を前記透明分散媒樹脂に混合する前に前記ビニル化合物が重合されていることを特徴とする波長変換用樹脂組成物。
前記波長変換用蛍光材料のアクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマーを重合して、重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を得る重合工程と、
前記重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を、透明分散媒樹脂に混合し波長変換用樹脂組成物を得る工程と、を有する上記(4)又は(5)に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
本発明の波長変換用蛍光材料は、蛍光物質をビニル化合物に混合したものであり、太陽電池モジュールの光透過性層に用いられることを特徴とする。
本発明に用いる蛍光物質としては、希土類金属の有機錯体が挙げられるが、中でもユーロピウム錯体、サマリウム錯体が好ましい。具体的には、中心元素のユーロピウム(Eu)の他、配位子となる分子が必要であるが、本発明では、配位子を制限するものではなく、ユーロピウムやサマリウムと錯体を形成する分子であれば、何でもよい。
本発明においてビニル化合物とは、重合反応した際にビニル樹脂、特にアクリル樹脂又はメタクリル樹脂になり得るアクリルモノマー、メタクリルモノマー、アクリルオリゴマー、メタクリルオリゴマー等であれば特に制限はない。好ましくは、アクリルモノマー、メタクリルモノマー等が挙げられる。
ジシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート;
テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート;
ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート;
多価アルコールにα,β-不飽和カルボン酸を反応させて得られる化合物(例えば、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート(エチレン基の数が2~14のもの)、トリメチロールプロパンジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンエトキシトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンプロポキシトリ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチロールメタントリ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチロールメタンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート(プロピレン基の数が2~14のもの)、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAポリオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAジオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAトリオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAデカオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート等);
グリシジル基含有化合物にα,β-不飽和カルボン酸を付加して得られる化合物(例えば、トリメチロールプロパントリグリシジルエーテルトリアクリレート、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテルジアクリレート等);
多価カルボン酸(例えば、無水フタル酸)と水酸基及びエチレン性不飽和基を有する物質(例えば、β-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート)とのエステル化物;
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート(例えば、トリレンジイソシアネートと2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとの反応物、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとシクロヘキサンジメタノールと2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとの反応物等);
これらのアルキル基に水酸基、エポキシ基、ハロゲン基等が置換したアクリル酸置換アルキルエステル又はメタクリル酸置換アルキルエステル;等が挙げられる。
ビニル化合物を重合させるためのラジカル重合開始剤としては、過酸化物等が挙げられる。具体的には、熱により遊離ラジカルを発生させる有機過酸化物が好ましく、たとえば、イソブチルパーオキサイド、α,α’ビス(ネオデカノイルパーオキシ)ジイソプロピルベンゼン、クミルパーオキシネオデカノエート、ジ-n-プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ-s-ブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルネオデカノエート、ビス(4-t-ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、1-シクロヘキシル-1-メチルエチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、ジ-2-エトキシエチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(エチルヘキシルパーオキシ)ジカーボネート、t-ヘキシルネオデカノエート、ジメトキシブチルパーオキシジカーボネート、ジ(3-メチル-3-メトキシブチルパーオキシ)ジカーボネート、t-ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキサイド、オクタノイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、ステアロイルパーオキサイド、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、サクニックパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(2-エチルヘキサノイル)ヘキサン、1-シクロヘキシル-1-メチルエチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、4-メチルベンゾイルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート、m-トルオノイルベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、t-ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)2-メチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ヘキシルパーオキシ)-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ヘキシルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロヘキサノン、2,2-ビス(4,4-ジブチルパーオキシシクロヘキシル)プロパン、1,1-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)シクロドデカン、t-ヘキシルパーオキシイソプロピルモノカーボネート、t-ブチルパーオキシマレイン酸、t-ブチルパーオキシ-3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノエート、t-ブチルパーオキシラウレート、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(m-トルオイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルモノカーボネート、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキシルモノカーボネート、t-ヘキシルパーオキシベンゾエート、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t-ブチルパーオキシアセテート、2,2-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ブタン、t-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、n-ブチル-4,4-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)バレレート、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシイソフタレート、α,α’ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ジイソプロピルベンゼン、ジクミルパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン、t-ブチルクミルパーオキサイド、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキシ、p-メンタンハイドロパーオキサイド、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキシン、ジイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキサイド、t-ブチルトリメチルシリルパーオキサイド、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド、t-ヘキシルハイドロパーオキサイド、t-ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、2,3-ジメチル-2,3-ジフェニルブタン等を使用することができる。
本発明の波長変換用蛍光材料は、上記の蛍光物質及びビニル化合物、必要により過酸化物等のラジカル重合開始剤等を混合して、蛍光物質をビニル化合物中に溶解又は分散することで得られる。混合の方法としては特に制限はなく、例えば、攪拌することで行えばよい。
本発明の波長変換用蛍光材料は、ビニル化合物を重合した後に透明分散媒樹脂中に混合し、波長変換用樹脂組成物とすることができる。
本発明の波長変換用樹脂組成物中の透明分散媒樹脂として、光硬化性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂等が好ましく用いられる。
これらのアルキル基に水酸基、エポキシ基、ハロゲン基等が置換したアクリル酸置換アルキルエステル及びメタクリル酸置換アルキルエステル;等の単独または、複数の構成によるホモポリマー、共重合体が挙げられる。
ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート;多価アルコールにα,β-不飽和カルボン酸を反応させて得られる化合物(例えば、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート(エチレン基の数が2~14のもの)、トリメチロールプロパンジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンエトキシトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンプロポキシトリ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチロールメタントリ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチロールメタンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート(プロピレン基の数が2~14のもの)、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAポリオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAジオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAトリオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAデカオキシエチレンジ(メタ)アクリレート等);
グリシジル基含有化合物にα,β-不飽和カルボン酸を付加して得られる化合物(例えば、トリメチロールプロパントリグリシジルエーテルトリアクリレート、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテルジアクリレート等);
多価カルボン酸(例えば、無水フタル酸)と水酸基及びエチレン性不飽和基を有する物質(例えば、β-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート)とのエステル化物;
アクリル酸若しくはメタクリル酸のアルキルエステル(例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシルエステル);
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート(例えば、トリレンジイソシアネートと2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとの反応物、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとシクロヘキサンジメタノールと2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとの反応物等);等を挙げることができる。
ベンゾフェノン、N,N′-テトラメチル-4,4′-ジアミノベンゾフェノン(ミヒラーケトン)、N,N′-テトラエチル-4,4′-ジアミノベンゾフェノン等のベンゾフェノン類;
ベンジルジメチルケタール(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製のIRGACURE(イルガキュア)651)、ベンジルジエチルケタール等のベンジルケタール類;
2,2-ジメトキシ-2-フェニルアセトフェノン、p-tert-ブチルジクロロアセトフェノン、p-ジメチルアミノアセトフェノン等のアセトフェノン類;
2,4-ジメチルチオキサントン、2,4-ジイソプロピルチオキサントン等のキサントン類;
あるいはヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製のIRGACURE(イルガキュア)184)、1-(4-イソプロピルフェニル)-2-ビトロキシ-2-メチルプロパン-1-オン(メルク社製のダロキュア1116)、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン(メルク社製のダロキュア1173)等が挙げられ、これらは単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いられる。
ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイソブテン、ポリブテン等のポリオレフィン類;
ポリイソプレン、ポリ-1,2-ブタジエン、ポリ-2-ヘプチル-1,3-ブタジエン、ポリ-2-t-ブチル-1,3-ブタジエン、ポリ-1,3-ブタジエン等の(ジ)エン類;
ポリオキシエチレン、ポリオキシプロピレン、ポリビニルエチルエーテル、ポリビニルヘキシルエーテル、ポリビニルブチルエーテル等のポリエーテル類;
ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル等のポリビニル類;
ポリビニルアセテート、ポリビニルプロピオネート等のポリエステル類;
ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリメタクリロニトリル、ポリエチルアクリレート、ポリブチルアクリレート、ポリ-2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート、ポリ-t-ブチルアクリレート、ポリ-3-エトキシプロピルアクリレート、ポリオキシカルボニルテトラメタクリレート、ポリメチルアクリレート、ポリイソプロピルメタクリレート、ポリドデシルメタクリレート、ポリテトラデシルメタクリレート、ポリ-n-プロピルメタクリレート、ポリ-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシルメタクリレート、ポリエチルメタクリレート、ポリ-2-ニトロ-2-メチルプロピルメタクリレート、ポリ-1,1-ジエチルプロピルメタクリレート、ポリメチルメタクリレート等のポリアクリル類;その他、ポリスルホン;フェノキシ樹脂;天然ゴム;エチルセルロース;ポリウレタン;等が分散媒樹脂として使用可能である。
本発明の波長変換用樹脂組成物は、蛍光物質を、ビニル化合物(好ましくはアクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマー)に混合し、波長変換用蛍光材料を得る工程と、
前記波長変換用蛍光材料のアクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマーを重合して、重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を得る重合工程と、
前記重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を、透明分散媒樹脂に混合し波長変換用樹脂組成物を得る工程と、を有する方法で製造可能である。
波長変換用蛍光材料の製造方法は、上述した通りであるが、上記の蛍光物質及びビニル化合物、必要により過酸化物等のラジカル重合開始剤等を混合することで得られる。混合の方法としては特に制限はなく、例えば、ミックスローター、マグネチックスターラー、攪拌羽根で攪拌することで行えばよい。
得られた波長変換用蛍光材料を重合させる。重合条件としては、用いるビニル化合物、ラジカル重合開始剤により異なるが、通常の重合条件を参考に適宜調整すればよい。より具体的には、蛍光物質を混合したビニル化合物にさらにラジカル重合開始剤を混合し、ラジカル重合開始剤に応じた温度をかける。
続いて重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を、透明分散媒樹脂に混合し波長変換用樹脂組成物を得る。なお、ビニル化合物重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料はその後水洗、乾燥して単離して、透明分散媒樹脂に混合する。
本発明は、上記波長変換用樹脂組成物を用いた太陽モジュールも範囲とする。
<蛍光物質の合成>
まず、蛍光物質を合成する。4,4,4-トリフルオロ-1-(チエニル)-1,3-ブタンジオン(TTA)200mgを7mlのエタノールに溶解し、ここへ1Mの水酸化ナトリウム1.1mlを加え混合した。7mlのエタノールに溶かした6.2mgの1,10-フェナントロリンを先の混合溶液に加え、1時間攪拌した後、EuCl3・6H2O 103mgの3.5ml水溶液を加え、沈殿物を得る。これをろ別し、エタノールで洗浄し、乾燥をし、蛍光物質Eu(TTA)3Phenを得た。
蛍光物質として上記で得られたEu(TTA)3Phenを0.5質量部、ビニル化合物としてメタクリル酸メチルを40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチルを60質量部、ラジカル重合開始剤としてラウロイルパーオキサイドを0.4質量部用い、これらを混合攪拌してモノマー混合液(「波長変換用蛍光材料1」とする)を用意する。
フラスコに、イオン交換水1000質量部、ポリビニルアルコールを0.01質量部加え、攪拌し、上記のモノマー混合液(波長変換用蛍光材料1)をこれに投入し、激しく混合し、懸濁液を得る。この懸濁液のフラスコを60℃に攪拌しながら加熱し、懸濁重合を行う。約3時間の反応の後、得られた重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料1を水で洗浄し、乾燥する。
上記で得られた波長変換用樹脂組成物を、約30g、離型シートに挟み、0.6mm厚ステンレス製スペーサーを用い、熱板を80℃に調整したプレスを用い、シート状にして波長変換型封止材シートを得た。
上記で得られた波長変換型封止材シートをガラス板の上に置き、85℃、85%相対湿度に調整された恒温恒湿槽に入れた。適当な時間をおいて365nmのハンディーブラックライトを照射し、0時間(初期)、24時間、48時間、72時間後の赤色の発光の有無を確認した。その結果を表1に示す。
上記で得られた波長変換型封止材シートをガラス板の上に置き、その上にPETフィルムを載せ、太陽電池モジュール専用の真空加圧ラミネータを用いて、熱板温度150℃、真空10分、加圧15分で作製した。これらサンプルをヘーズメーター(日本電色工業(株)製、NDH-2000)を用いて、濁度を測定したところ1.1%であった。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
メタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりに、アクリル酸エチル100質量部を用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料2を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料2を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
メタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりに、アクリル酸ブチル100質量部を用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料3を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料3を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
蛍光物質としてEu(TTA)3Phenの代わりにEu(TTA)3bpyを用い、ビニル化合物としてメタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりにメタクリル酸メチルを100質量部用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料4を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料4を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
蛍光物質としてEu(TTA)3Phenの代わりにEu(TTA)3(TPPO)2を用い、ビニル化合物としてメタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりにメタクリル酸メチルを100質量部用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料5を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料5を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
蛍光物質としてEu(TTA)3Phenの代わりにEu(BFA)3phenを用い、ビニル化合物としてメタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりにメタクリル酸メチルを100質量部用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料6を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料6を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<波長変換用蛍光材料の作製>
蛍光物質としてEu(TTA)3Phenの代わりにEu(2NTFA)3phenを用い、ビニル化合物としてメタクリル酸メチル40質量部及びアクリル酸ブチル60質量部の代わりにメタクリル酸メチルを100質量部用いたことを除いては実施例1と同様にして波長変換用蛍光材料7を作製した。
上記で得られた波長変換用蛍光材料7を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様に波長変換型封止材シートを作製し、これを用いて同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<ビニル化合物に分散しない蛍光物質を含有した波長変換用樹脂組成物の調整>
透明分散媒樹脂として東ソー(株)製のエチレン-酢酸ビニル樹脂:ウルトラセン634を100g用い、アルケマ吉富(株)製の過酸化物熱ラジカル重合開始剤:ルペロックス101を1.5g、東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製のシランカップリング剤:SZ6030を0.5g、及び前記蛍光物質Eu(TTA)3Phenを2g、100℃のロールミルで混練し、樹脂組成物を得た。
上記で得られたビニル化合物に分散しない蛍光物質を含有した樹脂組成物を、約30g、離型シートに挟み、0.6mm厚ステンレス製スペーサーを用い、熱板を80℃に調整したプレスを用い、シート状にして、波長変換型封止材シートを得た。
上記で得られた波長変換型封止材シートを用いて、実施例1と同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
<ゾルゲルガラスによる被覆蛍光物質体の作製>
上記で得られたEu(TTA)3Phenを用い、表2に示す材料を表2に示す配合量でゾルゲル用溶液を作製した。
透明分散媒樹脂として東ソー(株)製のエチレン-酢酸ビニル樹脂:ウルトラセン634を100g用い、アルケマ吉富(株)製の過酸化物熱ラジカル重合開始剤:ルペロックス101を1.5g、東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製のシランカップリング剤:SZ6030を0.5g、及び前記ゾルゲルガラスによる被覆蛍光物質体を2g、100℃で混練
し、離型シート上にあけ、室温まで冷却し、樹脂組成物を得た。
上記で得られた樹脂組成物を約30g、離型シートに挟み、0.6mm厚ステンレス製スペーサーを用い、熱板を80℃に調整したプレスを用い、シート状にして、波長変換型封止材シートを得た。
上記で得られた波長変換型封止材シートを用いて、実施例1と同様に発光耐湿性の評価をした。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (9)
- 蛍光物質をビニル化合物に混合して得られる、太陽電池モジュールの光透過性層に用いられる波長変換用蛍光材料。
- 前記ビニル化合物が、アクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマーである請求項1に記載の波長変換用蛍光材料。
- 前記蛍光物質が、ユーロピウム錯体であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の波長変換用蛍光材料。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の波長変換用蛍光材料が透明分散媒樹脂に混合された波長変換用樹脂組成物であって、
前記波長変換用蛍光材料を前記透明分散媒樹脂に混合する前に前記ビニル化合物が重合されていることを特徴とする波長変換用樹脂組成物。 - 前記波長変換用蛍光材料が、不揮発分総量に対し、前記蛍光物質の質量濃度で0.00001~1質量%で混合されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物。
- 請求項4又は5に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物を、前記光透過性層の少なくとも一つの層として用いた太陽電池モジュール。
- 蛍光物質を、アクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマーに混合し、波長変換用蛍光材料を得る工程と、
前記波長変換用蛍光材料のアクリルモノマー及び/又はメタクリルモノマーを重合して、重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を得る重合工程と、
前記重合後の波長変換用蛍光材料を、透明分散媒樹脂に混合して波長変換用樹脂組成物を得る工程と、を有する請求項4又は5に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項4又は5に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物をシート状に形成して、太陽電池モジュールの光透過性層の少なくとも一つの層を構成する工程を有する太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
- 請求項4又は5に記載の波長変換用樹脂組成物をフィルム状に形成して、太陽電池セル又は保護ガラスの内側に貼り付け、太陽電池モジュールの光透過性層の少なくとも一つの層を構成する工程を有する太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
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| US13/498,675 US20120180865A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | Fluorescent material for converting wavelengths, resin composition for converting wavelengths containing the fluorescent material, solar cell module produced using the fluorescent material or the resin composition, process for producing resin composition for converting wavelengths, and process for producing solar cell module |
| EP10820506.3A EP2485271A4 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | FLUORESCENT MATERIAL FOR WAVELENGTH CONVERSION, RESIN COMPOSITION FOR WAVELENGTH CONVERSION BY FLUORESCENT MATERIAL FROM THE FLUORESCENT MATERIAL OR RESIN COMPOSITION MADE SOLAR CELL MODULE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE RESIN COMPOSITION FOR WAVELENGTH CONVERSION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SOLAR CELL MODULE |
| JP2011534242A JPWO2011040391A1 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | 波長変換用蛍光材料、これを含む波長変換用樹脂組成物、これらを用いた太陽電池モジュール、波長変換用樹脂組成物の製造方法及び太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
| CN201080043540.8A CN102656705B (zh) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | 波长转换用荧光材料和树脂组合物、太阳能电池模块及其制法 |
| KR1020147023163A KR20140113736A (ko) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-28 | 파장 변환용 형광 재료, 이것을 포함하는 파장 변환용 수지 조성물, 이들을 사용한 태양전지 모듈, 파장 변환용 수지 조성물의 제조 방법 및 태양전지 모듈의 제조 방법 |
| US15/188,756 US20160300971A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2016-06-21 | Fluorescent material for converting wavelengths, resin composition for converting wavelengths containing the fluorescent material, solar cell module produced using the fluorescent material or the resin composition, process for producing resin composition for converting wavelengths, and process for producing solar cell module |
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| US15/188,756 Continuation US20160300971A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2016-06-21 | Fluorescent material for converting wavelengths, resin composition for converting wavelengths containing the fluorescent material, solar cell module produced using the fluorescent material or the resin composition, process for producing resin composition for converting wavelengths, and process for producing solar cell module |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011126118A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-13 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | 球状蛍光体、波長変換型太陽電池封止材、太陽電池モジュール及びこれらの製造方法 |
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| CN103597054B (zh) * | 2011-08-11 | 2015-03-18 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | 红色荧光体和发光元件 |
| JPWO2013021990A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2015-03-05 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 赤色蛍光体及び発光素子 |
| CN103597054A (zh) * | 2011-08-11 | 2014-02-19 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | 红色荧光体和发光元件 |
| WO2013021990A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 赤色蛍光体及び発光素子 |
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| WO2015122503A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | 日本発條株式会社 | 集光型太陽電池装置用又は太陽熱発電装置用反射シート、及び集光型太陽電池装置用又は太陽熱発電装置用反射部材 |
| WO2015194593A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-17 | 2015-12-23 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 波長変換材料 |
| JPWO2015194593A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-06-15 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 波長変換材料 |
| JPWO2016098570A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-10-05 | Jsr株式会社 | 有機el素子、硬化性樹脂組成物、波長変換部の形成方法および有機el装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102656705A (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
| JPWO2011040391A1 (ja) | 2013-02-28 |
| CN102656705B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
| EP2485271A4 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| KR20140113736A (ko) | 2014-09-24 |
| US20160300971A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
| EP2485271A1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
| US20120180865A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
| KR20120053534A (ko) | 2012-05-25 |
| TW201120188A (en) | 2011-06-16 |
| TWI491703B (zh) | 2015-07-11 |
| SG10201405424YA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
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