WO2011072887A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumchlordialkoxiden - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumchlordialkoxiden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011072887A1 WO2011072887A1 PCT/EP2010/059376 EP2010059376W WO2011072887A1 WO 2011072887 A1 WO2011072887 A1 WO 2011072887A1 EP 2010059376 W EP2010059376 W EP 2010059376W WO 2011072887 A1 WO2011072887 A1 WO 2011072887A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- indium
- generic formula
- composition
- lnx
- secondary amine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
- H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/83—Electrodes
- H10H20/832—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H10H20/833—Transparent materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Indiumchlordialkoxiden, the indium chlorodialkoxides which can be prepared by the process according to the invention and to their use.
- Semiconductor can be done here in a continuous process.
- Semiconducting layers are to be understood here and in the following as layers which
- Charge carrier mobilities of 1 to 50 cm 2 A s in a component with a channel length of 20 ⁇ at 50 V gate-source voltage and 50 V source-drain voltage have.
- Important parameters for printed semiconductor layers are their respective charge carrier mobilities as well as the processabilities and processing temperatures of the printable precursors used in their production.
- the materials should have good charge carrier mobility and be preparable from solution and temperatures well below 500 ° C to suit a variety of applications and substrates. Also desirable for many novel applications is optical transparency of the resulting semiconductive layers.
- Indium oxide indium (III) oxide, ln 2 O 3
- Indium (III) oxide, ln 2 O 3 ) is between 3.6 and 3.75 eV (measured for vapor deposited layers, HS Kim, PD Byrne, A. Facchetti, TJ Marks, J. Am. Chem. 2008, 130, 12580-12581) is a promising and therefore popular semiconductor.
- thin films of a few hundred nanometers in thickness can have a high transparency in the visible spectral range of greater than 90% at 550 nm.
- charge carrier mobilities of up to 160 cm 2 A s. So far, however, such values can Solution processing has not yet been achieved (H. Nakazawa, Y. Ito, E.
- Indium oxide is often used primarily together with tin (IV) oxide (SnO 2 ) as semiconducting mixed oxide ITO. Due to the relatively high conductivity of ITO layers with simultaneous transparency in the visible spectral range, it is used, inter alia, in the field of liquid crystal displays (LCDs), in particular as “transparent electrodes.” These mostly doped metal oxide layers are industrially predominantly through Due to the great economic interest in ITO-coated substrates, there are now a number of coating methods based on sol-gel techniques for indium oxide-containing layers.
- Composition is converted to an indium oxide-containing layer.
- the particle concept has two significant disadvantages compared to the use of precursors: First, the particle dispersions have a colloidal instability, which makes the application of (with respect to the subsequent layer properties disadvantageous) dispersing additives required, on the other hand form many of the usable particles (eg due to passivation layers) only incomplete layers due to sintering, so that in the layers partially particulate structures occur. At the particle boundary there is a considerable particle-particle resistance, which reduces the mobility of the charge carriers and increases the general sheet resistance.
- indium alkoxides can be used as precursors for the production of indium oxide-containing layers.
- indium alkoxides homoleptic, ie only indium and alkoxide radicals containing compounds
- indium alkoxides can be used as precursors for the production of indium oxide-containing layers.
- Marks et al. Components in whose preparation a precursor-containing composition comprising the salt lnCl 3 and the base monoethanolamine (MEA) dissolved in methoxyethanol is used. After spin-coating the composition, the corresponding indium oxide layer is formed by thermal treatment at 400 ° C. (Kim HS, PD Byrne, A. Facchetti, TJ Marks, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2008, 130, 12580-12581 and supplemental informations).
- compositions have the advantage that they can be converted at lower temperatures to indium oxide-containing coatings. Furthermore, it has hitherto been assumed that halogen-containing precursors potentially have the disadvantage of leading to halogen-containing layers of reduced quality. For this reason, attempts have been made in the past to stratify with indium alkoxides.
- Chatterjee et al One of the longest known syntheses of indium alkoxides is described by Chatterjee et al. They describe the preparation of indium trisalkoxide ln (OR) 3 from indium (III) chloride (lnCl 3 ) with sodium alkoxide Na-OR, wherein R represents -methyl, -ethyl, iso-propyl, n-, s-, t-butyl and Pentyl residues (S. Chatterjee, SR Bindal, RC Mehrotra, J. Indian Chem. Soc. 1976, 53, 867).
- Bradley et al. report a similar reaction as Chatterjee et al. and, with approximately identical starting materials (lnCl 3 , isopropyl sodium) and reaction conditions, an indium-oxo cluster having oxygen as the central atom (DC Bradley, H. Chudzynska, DM Frigo, ME Hammond, MB Hursthouse, MA Mazid, Polyhedron 1990, 9 , 719).
- Indium (III) halide is reacted in an alkaline medium with an alcohol.
- the base should be a strong base with low nucleophilicity. Examples of named bases are, in addition to exemplary complex cyclic heterocycles tertiary amines.
- Metal alkoxides (especially tetraalkoxy compounds such as tetramethyl titanate) in which a halide of an at least divalent metal is first reacted with an alcohol, optionally in the presence of an aromatic solvent, to form an intermediate (a haloalkoxy compound of the metal). Subsequently, the intermediate is reacted with an alcohol in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor (especially a tertiary amine) to form the metal alkoxide.
- a hydrogen halide acceptor especially a tertiary amine
- JP 02-1 13033 A discloses that chlorine-containing alkoxides of indium after dissolution of indium chloride in an alcohol corresponding to the alkoxide to be incorporated by subsequent addition of a certain proportion of an alkali metal or a
- Alkali metal alkoxide can be produced.
- a corresponding method also describes JP 02-145459 A.
- a disadvantage of these methods are the possible impurities of the resulting Indiumchloralkoxide with sodium.
- an alkyl or alkyloxy radical R is preferably a C 1 - to C 15 -alkyl or alkyloxyalkyl group, ie an alkyl or alkyloxyalkyl group having a total of 1-15 Carbon atoms, to understand. It is preferably an alkyl or Alkyloxyalkylrest R selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3! -CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , -CH (CH 3 ) 2 or -C (CH 3 ) 3 .
- X may each independently be F, Cl, Br and / or I. However, preference is given
- Indium trihalides of only one halide ie the indium trihalides lnF 3 , lnCl 3 , InBr 3 or In 3 . Due to its easy accessibility, the use of the indium trihalides lnF 3 , lnCl 3 , InBr 3 or In 3 . Due to its easy accessibility, the use of the indium trihalides lnF 3 , lnCl 3 , InBr 3 or In 3 . Due to its easy accessibility, the use of the use of the
- Indium trihalides inCI 3 and lnBr 3 are particularly preferred.
- the indium trihalide lnX 3 is preferably used in proportions of 0.1 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 25% by weight, very particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition (A).
- composition (A) comprising the indium trihalide can be dissolved, i.
- the composition may also have two or more alcohols.
- only one alcohol should be present in the composition (A).
- Preferred alcohols include R radicals selected from C1 to C15 alkyl or alkyloxyalkyl radicals, i. Alkyl or Alkyloxyalkyl phenomenon with a total of 1-15
- Alcohols having an alkyl or alkoxyalkyl radical R selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 OCI-l 3 , -CH (CH 3 ) 2 or -C (CH 3 ) 3 are preferably used.
- the alcohol ROH is preferably used in proportions of 50 to 99.9% by weight, particularly preferably 75 to 99% by weight, very particularly preferably 80 to 96% by weight, based on the total mass of the composition (A).
- composition (A) may further comprise at least one liquid solvent or dispersion medium inert with respect to the reaction, ie, a solvent / dispersion medium or a Mixture of various solvents / dispersion media, which do not react with lnX 3 under the reaction conditions have.
- aprotic solvents in particular those selected from the group of aprotic nonpolar solvents, ie alkanes, substituted alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics with or without aliphatic or aromatic substituents, halogenated hydrocarbons and tetramethylsilane, and the group of aprotic polar solvents, ie the ethers, aromatic ethers, substituted ethers, esters or acid anhydrides, ketones, tertiary amines, nitromethane, DMF
- Dispersion medium in the composition (A) before, is its proportion of the
- Composition preferably 1 to 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably 1 to 25 wt .-%, most preferably 1 to 10 wt .-% based on the total mass of the composition.
- the at least one secondary amine of the generic formula R ' 2 NH is preferably a secondary amine with radicals R' independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 0 -alkyl radicals. Preferably, only a secondary amine is used. More preferably, the secondary amine has the same alkyl radical as R '.
- the at least one secondary amine is used to achieve particularly good yields in
- the secondary amine is used in an amount corresponding to 4 to 6 times the molar amount of lnX 3 .
- the secondary amine can be used not only in solution, but preferably dispersed in a dispersion medium.
- composition (B) can consist exclusively of the secondary amine.
- the reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range of 25 ° C - 250 ° C. More preferably, the reaction is used at a temperature in the range of 25 ° C to the temperature corresponding to the boiling point of the alcohol used. Thus, the temperature is more preferably in the range of 25 ° C and 125 ° C.
- the synthesis can be carried out in principle at standard pressure or at elevated pressure. Preferably, however, the synthesis is carried out at standard pressure (1013 mbar).
- the synthesis continues to be anhydrous, ie in the presence of a maximum of 200 ppm H 2 0.
- the reaction should continue in a
- Inertgasatmospreheat preferably in an Ar, He or N 2 atmosphere, most preferably be carried out in a N 2 atmosphere.
- reaction mixture continues to be present
- the purification can be carried out by evaporating the reaction mixture, taking up the residue in the alcohol used, filtration and washing. Subsequently, the product can preferably be dried under high vacuum.
- the invention furthermore relates to the indium (III) halogen dialkoxides which can be prepared by the process according to the invention. These have the molecular formula lnX (OR) 2 , but can still be coordinated or solvated in the crystal or in the aqueous phase with alcohol ROH or secondary amine R ' 2 NH originating from the synthesis.
- indium (III) halogen dialkoxides which can be prepared by the process according to the invention are advantageously suitable for the production of indium oxide-containing coatings, in particular by wet-chemical processes.
- indium oxide-containing coatings are to be understood as meaning both indium oxide layers and layers essentially comprising indium oxide and other metals and / or metal oxides.
- an indium oxide layer in this case can be produced from the abovementioned indium alkoxides, to understand metal-containing layer having substantially indium atoms or ions, wherein the indium atoms or ions are substantially oxidic.
- the indium oxide layer may also have halogen, carbene or alkoxide components from incomplete conversion. The same applies to layers in the
- the indium (III) halogen dialkoxides which can be prepared by the process according to the invention furthermore have the surprising advantage that they are particularly suitable for the preparation
- indium (III) halogen dialkoxides which can be prepared by the process according to the invention are furthermore advantageously suitable for the production of semiconductive or conductive layers for electronic components, in particular the production of (thin film) transistors, diodes or
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2012130177/04A RU2541539C2 (ru) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | Способ получения хлордиалкоксидов индия |
| EP10726542.3A EP2513120B1 (de) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumchlordialkoxiden |
| CN201080057796.4A CN102652137B (zh) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | 制备铟氯二醇盐的方法 |
| US13/515,007 US8580989B2 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | Process for the preparation of indium chlordialkoxides |
| KR1020127015505A KR101720371B1 (ko) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | 인듐 클로르디알콕사이드의 제조 방법 |
| JP2012543537A JP5575263B2 (ja) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | インジウムクロロジアルコキシドの製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009054998.6 | 2009-12-18 | ||
| DE102009054998A DE102009054998A1 (de) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Indiumchlordialkoxiden |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011072887A1 true WO2011072887A1 (de) | 2011-06-23 |
Family
ID=42697254
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/059376 Ceased WO2011072887A1 (de) | 2009-12-18 | 2010-07-01 | Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumchlordialkoxiden |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8580989B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2513120B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5575263B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR101720371B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102652137B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009054998A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2541539C2 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI519510B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011072887A1 (de) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8546594B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2013-10-01 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Indium oxoalkoxides for producing coatings containing indium oxide |
| WO2013186082A2 (de) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-19 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung indiumoxid-haltiger schichten |
| WO2014206599A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Evonik Industries Ag | Formulierungen zur herstellung indiumoxid-haltiger schichten, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
| WO2014206634A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumalkoxid-verbindungen, die nach dem verfahren herstellbaren indiumalkoxid-verbindungen und ihre verwendung |
| US9309595B2 (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2016-04-12 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for the production of metal oxide-containing layers |
| EP3009402A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-20 | Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gemischten Metallhalogenid-Alkoxiden und Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln |
| US9650396B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2017-05-16 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Indium oxoalkoxides for producing coatings containing indium oxide |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007018431A1 (de) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-30 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Pyrogenes Zinkoxid enthaltender Verbund von Schichten und diesen Verbund aufweisender Feldeffekttransistor |
| DE102008058040A1 (de) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-27 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Formulierungen enthaltend ein Gemisch von ZnO-Cubanen und sie einsetzendes Verfahren zur Herstellung halbleitender ZnO-Schichten |
| DE102010043668B4 (de) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-06-21 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Indiumoxid-haltigen Schichten, nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Indiumoxid-haltige Schichten und ihre Verwendung |
| DE102013212018A1 (de) | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-08 | Evonik Industries Ag | Metalloxid-Prekursoren, sie enthaltende Beschichtungszusammensetzungen, und ihre Verwendung |
| DE102014202718A1 (de) | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Beschichtungszusammensetzung, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
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| US4681959A (en) | 1985-04-22 | 1987-07-21 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Preparation of insoluble metal alkoxides |
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2009
- 2009-12-18 DE DE102009054998A patent/DE102009054998A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-07-01 RU RU2012130177/04A patent/RU2541539C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-01 JP JP2012543537A patent/JP5575263B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-01 US US13/515,007 patent/US8580989B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-01 WO PCT/EP2010/059376 patent/WO2011072887A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-07-01 CN CN201080057796.4A patent/CN102652137B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-01 KR KR1020127015505A patent/KR101720371B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-01 EP EP10726542.3A patent/EP2513120B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-12-15 TW TW099143968A patent/TWI519510B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9309595B2 (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2016-04-12 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for the production of metal oxide-containing layers |
| US9650396B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2017-05-16 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Indium oxoalkoxides for producing coatings containing indium oxide |
| US8546594B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2013-10-01 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Indium oxoalkoxides for producing coatings containing indium oxide |
| WO2013186082A2 (de) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-19 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung indiumoxid-haltiger schichten |
| DE102012209918A1 (de) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-12-19 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung Indiumoxid-haltiger Schichten |
| WO2014206634A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Evonik Industries Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von indiumalkoxid-verbindungen, die nach dem verfahren herstellbaren indiumalkoxid-verbindungen und ihre verwendung |
| DE102013212019A1 (de) | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-08 | Evonik Industries Ag | Formulierungen zur Herstellung Indiumoxid-haltiger Schichten, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| KR20160024388A (ko) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-03-04 | 에보닉 데구사 게엠베하 | 인듐 알콕시드 화합물의 제조 방법, 상기 방법에 의해 제조가능한 인듐 알콕시드 화합물 및 그 용도 |
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| WO2014206599A1 (de) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-12-31 | Evonik Industries Ag | Formulierungen zur herstellung indiumoxid-haltiger schichten, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
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| RU2656103C2 (ru) * | 2013-06-25 | 2018-05-31 | Эвоник Дегусса Гмбх | Способ получения соединений алкоксида индия, соединения алкоксида индия, получаемые согласно способу, и их применение |
| RU2659030C2 (ru) * | 2013-06-25 | 2018-06-27 | Эвоник Дегусса Гмбх | Составы для получения содержащих оксид индия слоев, способы получения указанных слоев и их применение |
| KR102141350B1 (ko) * | 2013-06-25 | 2020-08-06 | 에보닉 오퍼레이션스 게엠베하 | 인듐 알콕시드 화합물의 제조 방법, 상기 방법에 의해 제조가능한 인듐 알콕시드 화합물 및 그 용도 |
| EP3009402A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-20 | Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gemischten Metallhalogenid-Alkoxiden und Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI519510B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
| RU2541539C2 (ru) | 2015-02-20 |
| JP5575263B2 (ja) | 2014-08-20 |
| TW201136877A (en) | 2011-11-01 |
| RU2012130177A (ru) | 2014-01-27 |
| JP2013514290A (ja) | 2013-04-25 |
| US20120289728A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
| EP2513120A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 |
| US8580989B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
| KR101720371B1 (ko) | 2017-03-27 |
| DE102009054998A1 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
| CN102652137B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
| EP2513120B1 (de) | 2017-08-30 |
| CN102652137A (zh) | 2012-08-29 |
| KR20120104998A (ko) | 2012-09-24 |
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