WO2011082854A2 - Convertisseur pour un système accumulateur d'énergie et procédé pour l'équilibrage de différence de charge entre des modules accumulateurs d'un système accumulateur d'énergie - Google Patents

Convertisseur pour un système accumulateur d'énergie et procédé pour l'équilibrage de différence de charge entre des modules accumulateurs d'un système accumulateur d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011082854A2
WO2011082854A2 PCT/EP2010/066297 EP2010066297W WO2011082854A2 WO 2011082854 A2 WO2011082854 A2 WO 2011082854A2 EP 2010066297 W EP2010066297 W EP 2010066297W WO 2011082854 A2 WO2011082854 A2 WO 2011082854A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
energy
energy storage
charge
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/066297
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011082854A3 (fr
Inventor
Holger Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2011082854A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011082854A2/fr
Publication of WO2011082854A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011082854A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • Inverter for an energy storage system and method for charge balance compensation between storage modules of an energy storage system
  • the invention relates to a converter for an electrical energy storage system, an energy supply system with energy storage system and converter, a motor vehicle with energy supply system and a method for balancing charge differences between memory modules of an energy storage system.
  • Such a converter for an electrical energy storage system is known, for example, from an energy supply system of a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive.
  • the converter is electrically connected between the energy storage modules of the energy storage system and at least one electric machine of the electric or hybrid drive.
  • a so-called battery management system which is connected to both poles of each of the memory cells and at regular or selectable intervals operating parameters such as voltage and temperature of each of the cells and from their state of charge (SoC: State of charge).
  • SoC State of charge
  • memory cell or memory module equalization circuits are provided in some of the energy storage systems.
  • the memory cell compensation circuit is also referred to as a "cell balancer" and serves to charge balance between individual memory cells or memory modules, so that the cells or modules of the energy storage system all have the same state of charge and thus the same cell or module voltage.
  • Charge compensation drifts the state of charge of the different cells / modules in operation due to slightly different capacities and slightly different self-discharges of the cells or modules apart.
  • the converter according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that the input side, a plurality of energy storage modules can be connected differently and the already present in the inverter power components are used to realize a memory module charge compensation. At the same time, the inverter can be used for charge balancing between the energy storage modules.
  • the converter has an energy transformer, an inverter and an intermediate circuit interposed between the energy transmitter and the inverter with at least one intermediate circuit capacitor, wherein the energy transmitter has a plurality of DC-DC converters which are connected to one another in parallel and / or in series on the intermediate side and each one the DC-DC converter can be connected to a respective storage module of the energy storage system by means of a first and a second input, the intermediate-circuit capacitor being a buffer of a storage modulator compensation circuit formed by the energy transfer device for charge equalization between the (energy) storage modules.
  • the memory module compensation circuit formed in this way is set up for an energy extraction of energy from at least one memory module of the energy storage system, for intermediate storage of the extracted energy in the intermediate circuit capacitor and for at least partial recovery of the buffered energy in at least one other of the memory modules.
  • Such a memory modulus equalization circuit is thus arranged for an actual charge equalization and not only - as in a purely resistive cell balancing - for discharging those memory modules which are less discharged over time than other of the memory modules.
  • Such a charge balance has a much higher efficiency than a purely resistive cell balancing.
  • energy is fed into the intermediate circuit capacitor of the intermediate circuit by means of the memory module equalization circuit at least formed by the energy transmitter and from those memory modules which have a higher charge state than the charge state averaged over all memory modules. Res of the memory modules fed back, which has a lower state of charge than the averaged over all memory modules state of charge. In this way, a symmetrization of the state of charge of the memory modules can be brought about.
  • the charge balance between cells within a memory module - that is, the alignment of the state of charge or the voltage of the memory cells of a memory module is preferably carried out by means of a cell compensation circuit, in particular a resistive cell compensation circuit.
  • the charge balance between the memory modules and within the memory modules is controlled by means of an energy storage management system.
  • the individual DC / DC converters each setpoints for the energy transport between the memory cells and the DC link capacitor before.
  • the nominal value specification is expediently carried out in such a way that no energy is added or removed to the intermediate circuit through cell balancing across all the memory modules such that the cells are all discharged to the state of charge of those cells which have the lowest state of charge within the battery module.
  • An electrical storage module of an energy storage system is to be understood as a storage module to which electrical energy can be supplied and removed.
  • the electrical energy storage module is designed as a charge storage module and / or magnetic energy storage module and / or electrochemical energy storage module.
  • Each of the energy storage modules has at least one storage cell.
  • the energy storage modules as electrochemical energy storage modules, in particular as
  • Battery modules of a rechargeable battery are formed.
  • the rechargeable batteries are preferably lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.
  • a DC-DC converter is to be understood in particular as a bi-directional DC-DC converter.
  • the first inputs or the second inputs of the DC-DC converter are each connected to ground.
  • At least one of the DC-DC converter has a first coil and a second coil, which are coupled together to form a power transformer and / or a memory transformer.
  • all DC-DC converters have a first coil and a second coil, which are coupled together to form a power transformer and / or storage transformer.
  • at least one of the DC-DC converter has a freewheeling diode, wherein in each case one anode of the freewheeling diode is electrically connected to a second output of the DC-DC converter and a cathode of the freewheeling diode with a first output of the DC-DC converter.
  • each of the DC-DC converter has a freewheeling diode.
  • At least one of the DC-DC converter has a first control input for a first control signal and is designed to electrically connect a first output of the DC voltage converter to a second output of the DC-DC converter on receipt of the first control signal.
  • each of the DC-DC converter via a first control input for a first control signal is and is adapted to electrically connect to the first output of the DC-DC converter to the second output of the DC-DC converter upon receipt of the first control signal.
  • At least one of the DC-DC converters has a second control input for a second control signal and is designed to increase a voltage between the first and the second output of the DC-DC converter upon receipt of the second control signal. It is preferably provided that each of the DC-DC converter has such a control input.
  • the invention further relates to a power supply system with energy storage system and the aforementioned converter.
  • the energy storage system is designed as an energy storage device having the energy transmitter and a plurality of energy storage modules, each having at least one memory cell and a first and a second pole, wherein the poles are releasably electrically connected to the respective first and second inputs of the DC-DC converter ,
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle with an aforementioned power supply system. It is provided that the energy supply system is designed as an energy supply system for supplying an electric drive system of the motor vehicle.
  • the drive system has at least one electrical machine designed as an electric motor and / or generator.
  • the invention further relates to a method for compensating for charge differences between memory modules of an energy storage system, wherein each of the memory modules is connected to an associated DC-DC converter of an energy exchanger of an inverter, which further comprises an inverter and an inverter between the energy exchanger and the inverter.
  • the intermediate circuit comprises at least one intermediate circuit capacitor, wherein the method comprises the following steps: removal of energy from at least one of the memory modules by means of its associated DC-DC converter, buffering the extracted energy in the intermediate circuit capacitor and at least partially feeding back the buffered energy in at least one other of the memory modules by means of its associated DC-DC converter. In this way, a symmetrization of the state of charge of the memory modules is brought about.
  • a mean state of charge of all memory modules is determined, energy by means of the memory module equalization circuit of at least one memory module having a higher state of charge than the average state of charge, fed into the Zwenk circuit capacitor, stored there and then in at least one another of the memory modules fed back, which has a lower state of charge than the average state of charge.
  • the cell balancing within a memory module-that is, the equalization of the states of charge or the voltages of the battery cells within a battery module-is carried out as charge equalization by means of a cell compensation circuit, in particular a resistive cell compensation circuit.
  • a cell compensation circuit in particular a resistive cell compensation circuit.
  • Memory cells within the memory modules via an (energy storage) - management system.
  • the management system presets the individual DC voltage converters respectively setpoints for the energy transport between the memory cells and the intermediate circuit capacitor. This setpoint specification is made such that it is in
  • the management system controls cell balancing so that the cells are preferably all discharged to the state of charge of that cell which has the lowest state of charge within the associated memory module.
  • Cell balancing is also advantageously controlled by the management system.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a power supply system with energy storage system and inverter
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a power supply system with energy storage system and inverter and
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a cell balancing circuit.
  • the energy supply system 10 of FIG. 1 has an energy storage system 12 and an inverter 14 with a common energy transfer 16.
  • the converter 14 comprises an inverter 18 and a DC link 20 interposed between the energy transformer 16 and the inverter 18 and having an intermediate circuit capacitor 22.
  • the inverter 14 has a DC-DC converter module 24, which in turn comprises a plurality of DC-DC converters, of which, however, only two DC-DC converters 26, 28 are shown.
  • the DC-DC converters 26, 28 are connected in series (within the DC-DC converter module 24) in the intermediate circuit, wherein said DC-DC converter module 24 has a first and a second module output 30, 32 on the intermediate circuit side.
  • Each of the DC-DC converter (DC / DC converter) 26, 28 is electrically connected via a respective first and second input 34, 36 to an energy storage module 38, 40 of the energy storage system 12 via the poles.
  • the intermediate circuit capacitor 22 is arranged within the intermediate circuit 20 in a current path 41, which connects the first and second module output 30, 32 or a first and a second inverter input 42, 44.
  • the inverter 18 is electrically connected with its three-phase outputs 46, 48, 50 with an electric machine 52 designed as a three-phase machine.
  • the electric machine 52 is in particular an electric machine acting as an electric motor and / or generator.
  • the power supply system 10 is a power supply system for supplying a electric drive system, in particular at least one electric machine 52 of this drive system, a motor vehicle.
  • the first input 34 of each of the DC-DC converter 26, 28 is at the same electrical potential, in particular - shown here - to ground
  • Each of the energy storage modules 38, 40 has a plurality of memory cells 54, of which only three memory cells 54 are shown.
  • the memory modules 38, 40 are, in particular, lithium-ion battery modules (lithium-ion accumulator modules) of the energy storage system 12 formed as a battery system.
  • the DC voltage converters 26, 28 each have a first control input for a first control signal of the energy storage system. Management system (not shown) and are adapted, upon receipt of the first control signal out a first output 56 to a second output 58 of the DC-DC converter 26, 28 to electrically connect. Furthermore, the DC-DC converter 26, 28 have a second
  • Control input for a second control signal are adapted to the reception of the second control signal out to vary a voltage between the first and the second output 56, 58 of the DC-DC converter, in particular to increase.
  • a memory module compensation circuit 60 is at least co-formed by the energy exchanger 16.
  • An intermediate store of said memory module equalization circuit 60 is formed by the DC link capacitor 22.
  • the converter 14 has a multiplicity of cell compensation circuit arrangements 62 shown in FIG.
  • the cell compensation circuit arrangement shown concretely in FIG. 3 is a resistive cell compensation circuit arrangement, which in each case corresponds precisely to one memory cell 54 of FIG.
  • Energy storage modules 38, 40 is assigned.
  • each of the DC-DC converter modules 24, 64 exactly one DC-DC converter 26, 28, wherein the DC-DC converter modules 24, 64 are connected in parallel with their module outputs 30, 32 intermediate side.
  • the cell balancing circuit 62 of FIG. 3 designed as resistive cell balancing circuitry is electrically connected to two inputs 66, 68 at intermediate taps 70, 72 (or at least one pole of the memory module 38, 40). Between the inputs, the cell balancing circuitry 62 includes a current path having a load resistor 74 and a transistor 76 configured as a switch for turning the current path 73 on and off. Parallel to the current path 73, the cell balancing circuitry 62 includes a voltage readout device 80 having filter devices 82, 84, 86 (filter resistors 82, 84 and filter capacitor 86) and an analog-to-digital converter 88.
  • One of the memory cell 54 associated control and evaluation unit 90 of the management system reads the voltage across the corresponding cell 54 and outputs a corresponding control signal to the switch 76 in the current path 73 from.
  • the management system controls the corresponding cell balancing circuitry 62 so that the storage cells 54 are all discharged to the state of charge of that storage cell 54 which has the lowest state of charge within the module 38, 40.
  • the presented method has significant advantages over a purely resistive cell compensation, without additional circuit complexity is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur (14) pour un système accumulateur d'énergie électrique (12) comprenant un transmetteur d'énergie (16), un onduleur (18) et un circuit intermédiaire (20) intercalé entre le transmetteur d'énergie (16) et l'onduleur (18), lequel circuit intermédiaire présente au moins un condensateur de circuit intermédiaire (22), le transmetteur d'énergie (16) comprenant plusieurs convertisseurs de tension continue (26, 28), lesquels sont montés côté circuit intermédiaire de façon parallèle et/ou en série les uns avec les autres et chacun des convertisseurs de tension continue (26, 28) pouvant être raccordé au moyen d'une première et d'une seconde entrée (34, 36) à respectivement un module accumulateur d'énergie (38, 40) du système accumulateur d'énergie (12), le condensateur de circuit intermédiaire (22) étant un accumulateur intermédiaire d'un dispositif de compensation de module accumulateur (60) formé au moins en même temps par le transmetteur d'énergie (16). L'invention concerne également un système d'alimentation en énergie (10) avec un convertisseur approprié (14), un véhicule avec un système d'alimentation en énergie correspondant (10) et un procédé pour compenser des différences de charge entre des modules d'accumulateur (38, 40) d'un système accumulateur d'énergie (12).
PCT/EP2010/066297 2009-12-17 2010-10-28 Convertisseur pour un système accumulateur d'énergie et procédé pour l'équilibrage de différence de charge entre des modules accumulateurs d'un système accumulateur d'énergie Ceased WO2011082854A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009054818A DE102009054818A1 (de) 2009-12-17 2009-12-17 Umrichter für ein Energiespeichersystem und Verfahren zum Ladungsdifferenzenausgleich zwischen Speichermodulen eines Energiespeichersystems
DE102009054818.1 2009-12-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011082854A2 true WO2011082854A2 (fr) 2011-07-14
WO2011082854A3 WO2011082854A3 (fr) 2011-10-13

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PCT/EP2010/066297 Ceased WO2011082854A2 (fr) 2009-12-17 2010-10-28 Convertisseur pour un système accumulateur d'énergie et procédé pour l'équilibrage de différence de charge entre des modules accumulateurs d'un système accumulateur d'énergie

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DE (1) DE102009054818A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011082854A2 (fr)

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DE102012209741A1 (de) * 2012-06-11 2013-12-12 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Batterie und Batterie
CN104303387A (zh) * 2012-03-27 2015-01-21 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于对蓄能器装置的蓄能器电池进行再充电的方法和具有可再充电的蓄能器电池的蓄能器装置
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CN111114387A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-08 罗伯特·博世有限公司 均衡多个能并联接通的电化学蓄能器的充电状态的方法
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CN104303387A (zh) * 2012-03-27 2015-01-21 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于对蓄能器装置的蓄能器电池进行再充电的方法和具有可再充电的蓄能器电池的蓄能器装置
CN104335412A (zh) * 2012-03-29 2015-02-04 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于对蓄能器装置的蓄能器电池加热的方法和可加热的蓄能器装置
CN104335412B (zh) * 2012-03-29 2017-09-08 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于对蓄能器装置的蓄能器电池加热的方法和可加热的蓄能器装置
DE102012209741A1 (de) * 2012-06-11 2013-12-12 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Batterie und Batterie
CN111114387A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2020-05-08 罗伯特·博世有限公司 均衡多个能并联接通的电化学蓄能器的充电状态的方法
CN111114387B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2024-04-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 均衡多个能并联接通的电化学蓄能器的充电状态的方法
WO2022048953A1 (fr) * 2020-09-04 2022-03-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Système d'un accumulateur d'énergie et véhicule
CN114374198A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-04-19 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种电池单元及储能系统

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