WO2011087385A2 - Escalier pliable, en particulier escalier pliable métallique en forme d'échelle - Google Patents

Escalier pliable, en particulier escalier pliable métallique en forme d'échelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011087385A2
WO2011087385A2 PCT/PL2011/000004 PL2011000004W WO2011087385A2 WO 2011087385 A2 WO2011087385 A2 WO 2011087385A2 PL 2011000004 W PL2011000004 W PL 2011000004W WO 2011087385 A2 WO2011087385 A2 WO 2011087385A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stairs
segment
segments
foldable
uppermost
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/PL2011/000004
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011087385A4 (fr
WO2011087385A3 (fr
Inventor
Bogusław KRASIŃSKI
Bernard Kaczmarski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
"fakro Pp" Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia
Original Assignee
"fakro Pp" Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by "fakro Pp" Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia filed Critical "fakro Pp" Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia
Priority to EP11707229.8A priority Critical patent/EP2526240B1/fr
Priority to CN201180006193.6A priority patent/CN102753771B/zh
Priority to HK13100614.1A priority patent/HK1173481B/xx
Publication of WO2011087385A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011087385A2/fr
Publication of WO2011087385A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011087385A3/fr
Publication of WO2011087385A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011087385A4/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/04—Movable stairways, e.g. of loft ladders which may or may not be concealable or extensible
    • E04F11/06—Movable stairways, e.g. of loft ladders which may or may not be concealable or extensible collapsible, e.g. folding, telescopic
    • E04F11/062—Movable stairways, e.g. of loft ladders which may or may not be concealable or extensible collapsible, e.g. folding, telescopic folding
    • E04F11/064—Movable stairways, e.g. of loft ladders which may or may not be concealable or extensible collapsible, e.g. folding, telescopic folding with stringers overlapping when folded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to foldable stairs, in particular metal foldable ladder-like stairs, embedded in a frame mounted in a ceiling and in a closed state placed in a frame, whereas transforming stairs into the opened state for use consists in unfolding them downwards.
  • Stairs of this kind are used mainly as attic entrances. They may also be used as a foldable ladder having a function similar to stairs but which is usually much steeper than typical stairs.
  • the state of the art discloses foldable ladder-like stairs embedded in a frame mounted in a ceiling.
  • Such known stairs comprise three segments connected with each other by means of hinges.
  • the uppermost segment is arranged on a cover closing a frame of stairs in the closed state.
  • Folding stairs up consists in placing an intermediate segment and a bottom segment on the uppermost segment and lifting up such a folded arrangement.
  • these stairs are provided with springs that support lifting folded stairs as a whole along with the cover, they are not provided with an aid for folding the intermediate and the bottom segment in order to place them on the uppermost segment.
  • the lack of this aid is of particular inconvenience in case of metal stairs which are substantially heavier than wooden ones.
  • the invention provides foldable stairs, in particular metal foldable ladder-like stairs, comprising stairs segments moveable with relation to each other, at least one handrail arranged in the top part of the stairs flight, and a spring that supports lifting the stairs segments other than the uppermost segment up during folding these segments on the uppermost segment and at least partially counterbalances the weight of these segments during opening the stairs.
  • Said spring is arranged inside the handrail.
  • the handrail has preferably a telescopic construction and the posts thereof are connected preferably jointedly connected, with two stairs segments. In a case of stairs having segments connected by hinges jointed connections between handrail posts and stairs segments are necessary.
  • the uppermost segment of the stairs is rotationally connected with a frame mounted in a ceiling.
  • the uppermost segment is preferably attached to a cover that adheres to said frame in the stairs closed state and is connected with the frame by means of a hinge mechanism.
  • the remaining stairs segments are positioned within said frame in the stairs closed state above the uppermost segment.
  • the uppermost and remaining segments are arranged in such a manner that their stringers (side beams) run slantwise downwardly wherein the top surfaces (treads) of stairs steps are oriented substantially horizontally.
  • the foldable stairs according to the present invention are provided with a mechanism, advantageously a spring mechanism that supports lifting folded stairs up to the stairs closed state and at least partially counterbalances the weight of the stairs during opening thereof.
  • segments of the foldable stairs are connected by means of hinges.
  • the hinges are preferably situated alternately along successive connections on the top and the bottom surfaces of stringers of these segments.
  • the stairs according to this embodiment are in general of a three- segment construction, wherein said telescopic handrail is jointedly connected to the uppermost segment and to the segment neighbouring the uppermost segment. Connections of the telescopic handrail with stairs segments are located in such a manner that in the stairs unfolded, opened state the axis of the hinge connecting the uppermost segment with its neighbouring segment is located above the straight-line between the axes of joints connecting said handrail with these segments.
  • the spring tightens the stringers of both segments to each other and thus stabilizes rectilinearity of their mutual positioning.
  • the straight-line between the axes of joints connecting the handrail posts with stairs segments shall dislocate above the horizontal axis of the hinge connecting these segments. Consequently the tension of the spring shall act to support lifting up of all the stairs segments adjoining the uppermost segment.
  • foldabie stairs are provided with at least one slidable segment.
  • a slidable segment shall be a segment neighbouring the uppermost segment.
  • further segments may also be slidable relative to neighbouring segments or alternatively they may be connected by means of hinges.
  • a telescopic handrail with a spring supporting lifting up the segments other than the uppermost one at one end should be connected with the uppermost segment and at the other end should be connected with a slidable segment neighbouring the uppermost segment or should be jointedly connected with a subsequent segment connected by hinges with this slidable segment.
  • a handrail cooperates only with a slidable segment jointed connections between the handrail and the stairs segments are not required.
  • the spring arranged inside the telescopic handrail is provided with tension regulation, preferably by means of a regulating screw cooperating with a tensioning insert situated inside the coils of the spring.
  • the outer surface of the tensioning insert is advantageously provided with a spiral groove, the shape of which matches the shape of the internal side of coils of the spring.
  • a nut cooperating with the tension regulating screw is arranged inside the tensioning insert.
  • the bottom segment of the stairs according to the invention is provided with means for regulating the total length of the stairs in order to adjust the stairs to the height of the room inside of which they are to be installed and unfolded for use.
  • the bottom segment of the stairs may be advantageously provided with supporting foots of regulated length that can be fixed directly to the bottom segment or to the bottom demountable insert of the bottom segment according to desired length of the bottom segment.
  • the foldable stairs according to the present invention are much more convenient since they require much less force to be applied while unfolding the stairs than stairs of a typical construction.
  • Arranging the spring inside the handrail improves esthetical shape of the stairs.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of the first embodiment of foldable stairs according to the invention having three segments movable with regard to each other and connected by hinges in the opened state unfolded for use,
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of the stairs from Fig. 1 in an intermediate state of folding or unfolding
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional side view of an embodiment of a telescopic handrail according to the present invention with a spring that supports folding up the stairs segments, and
  • Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the stairs according to the invention having four segments disposed slidably with regard to each other and connected by hinges in the opened state unfolded for use.
  • Another embodiment of foldable stairs according to the invention has not been depicted on the drawing but is thoroughly described with reference to the common and different features of the embodiments illustrated on drawings.
  • Embodiment 1 A three-segment foldable ladder-like stairs shown in Fig. 1 and 2 comprise a frame 1 embedded in a ceiling of a building.
  • the frame 1 can be closed from the bottom by a cover 11 connected to the frame via a hinge mechanism and a tie rod arrangement that restricts the opening limits of the cover 11.
  • the arrangement connecting the frame 1 with the cover 11 also comprises springs that support lifting the cover 11 up along with folded stairs segments during closing the cover and counterbalance the weight of the cover 2 with the stairs during opening thereof.
  • the uppermost segment 2 of the stairs is fixed on the cover 11 and the intermediate segment 3 of the stairs is connected to the uppermost segment 2 by means of hinges located at top surfaces of stringers (side beams) of these segments.
  • the bottom segment 4 is connected to the intermediate segment 3 by means of hinges located at the bottom surface of stringers of these segments.
  • the ends of the stringers of the neighbouring segments 2, 3, 4 adhere to each other preserving their straight-line alignment.
  • the intermediate segment 3 rotates at its hinges until it rests on the uppermost 2 segment whereas the bottom 4 segment rotates at its hinges until it rests on the intermediate segment 3. Subsequently the segments 2, 3, 4 are lifted up together along with the cover and hidden within the frame 1.
  • the stairs are provided with a telescopic handrail 5 which is connected by hinges to the uppermost segment 2 and to the intermediate segment 3 of the stairs by means of its posts 51.
  • the handrail is located on the external side of stringers of both these segments 2, 3 and is jointedly connected at the external surfaces of the stringers.
  • the stairs may also have two such handrails mounted on both sides of the stairs segments.
  • the telescopic handrail comprises two concentric pipes 64, 65 of circular cross- section (cf. Fig. 3).
  • the external pipe 65 is terminated with a sleeve 66 disposed inside the external pipe and having an external flange
  • the internal pipe 64 is terminated with a sleeve 67 having an internal flange.
  • Position of the sleeve 67 relatively to the internal pipe 64 is defined by means of resilient pins projected radially to the interior of the sleeve 67 and inserted into openings formed in the wall of the internal pipe 64.
  • Both sleeves 66, 67 are preferably made of plastic.
  • a pull spring 6 is arranged in the interior of the telescopic handrail.
  • the spring supports lifting up the intermediate segment 3 and the bottom segment 4 while they are folded together on the uppermost segment 2 and at least partially counterbalances the weight of these segments while unfolding the stairs.
  • the spring is especially useful for metal stairs which are heavier than wooden ones.
  • the spring 6 is provided with a lug 68 hooked on a transverse pin 69 fixed in the external pipe 65, whereas on the other end of the spring 6 a tensioning insert 61 is arranged internally between the spring coils.
  • the outer surface of the tensioning insert 61 is provided with a spiral groove, the shape of which matches the shape of the internal side of the coils of the spring 6 in its untensioned state (thus also matches the pitch of the spring in its untensioned state), wherein a nut 62 cooperating with a tension regulating screw 63 is arranged inside the tensioning insert 61.
  • a sleeve 67 mounted on the end of the internal pipe 64 has an internal collar 690 with an opening having a diameter slightly smaller than internal diameter of the pipe 64, so the collar 690 serves as an additional guiding element for the spring 6.
  • the opening of the sleeve 67 at the frontal side of the collar 690 is cone- shaped what facilitates introducing spring coils therein.
  • connection of the telescopic handrail 5 with the uppermost segment 2 and the intermediate segment 3 is envisaged in such a manner that in the opened stairs the axis of the hinge connecting these two segments is located above the straight-line running through the axes of joints connecting the handrail with these segments. Owing to this in unfolded stairs, the spring 6 tightens stringers of these segments to each other stabilizing their position.
  • the bottom segment 4 of the stairs is terminated with two demountable inserts 41 connected in series, wherein the bottom insert is provided with supporting foots 42 provided with means for regulating the length of their projection from this segment.
  • the regulation range amounts approximately the length of the insert 41.
  • a four-segment foldable ladder-like stairs shown in Fig. 4 comprise a frame 1 embedded in a ceiling of a building. From the bottom the frame 1 can be closed by a cover 11 connected to the frame via a hinge mechanism and a tie rod arrangement- similarly to that of Embodiment 1.
  • the uppermost segment 2a of the stairs is fixed on the cover 11.
  • An intermediate segment 7 is slidably connected to the segment 2a, while the intermediate segment 7 and subsequent segments: an intermediate segment 8 and a bottom segment 4a are connected with each other by means of hinges.
  • An intermediate segment 8 is connected to the slidable segment 7 by means of hinges located at the top surface of the stringers of these segments 7, 8, and the bottom segment 4a is connected to the intermediate segment 7 by means of hinges located at the bottom surface of stringers of these segments 4a, 7.
  • the stairs are also provided with a telescopic handrail 5 connecting the uppermost segment 2a with the slidably disposed intermediate segment 7.
  • the handrail 5 is arranged on the outer side of the stringers of these two segments of the stairs and is fixed to the outer surface of the stringers by means of two handrail posts.
  • the stairs may obviously have two or more of such handrails on both sides thereof and/or handrails fixed to other segments (for example to the uppermost segment 2a and to the intermediate segment 8).
  • a spring similar to the spring of the Embodiment 1 , is arranged and provided with tension regulation functionality.
  • foldable ladder-like stairs comprise a frame embedded in a ceiling of a building, which can be closed by a cover connected to the frame via a hinge mechanism and a tie rod arrangement with springs.
  • a set of ladder-like segments, a system of hinge connections between the segments and a method of unfolding and folding the segments remain the same as in the Embodiment 1.
  • Each profile is provided at its end cooperating with the other profile with a plastic material welt, which facilitates mutual sliding of the profiles with regard to each other. Moreover both profiles are oriented with their central web sections at the top. Inside the profiles accessible from below a tensioning spring is arranged. Similarly as in previous Embodiments 1 and 2 the spring supports lifting up all the intermediate segments and the bottom segment of the stairs while they are folded on the uppermost segment, and at least partially counterbalances the weight of these segments while unfolding the segments.
  • the spring is terminated with lugs and is mounted in the interior of the handrail by means of transverse pins.
  • the handrail is provided with several sockets for theses pins enabling for regulation of the spring tension, wherein distribution of these sockets is different for each end of the spring (and the handrail), thus increasing capabilities for choosing regulation distances.
  • Each profile is provided with a post fixedly connected to the profile and jointedly connected to the corresponding segment of the stairs, wherein obviously each profile is connected with a different segment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un escalier pliable, et en particulier un escalier pliable métallique en forme d'échelle. Ledit escalier comprend des segments d'escalier (2, 3, 4) mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres, le segment le plus haut (2) étant relié en rotation à un cadre (1) monté dans un plafond et, de préférence, le segment d'escalier le plus haut (2) est fixé au couvercle (11) qui est contigu audit cadre (1) dans l'état fermé de l'escalier et est relié au cadre (1) au moyen d'un mécanisme d'articulation et les segments d'escalier (2, 3, 4) sont positionnés à l'intérieur du cadre (1) dans l'état fermé de l'escalier, l'escalier étant de préférence pourvu d'un mécanisme, de préférence un mécanisme à ressort, qui supporte l'escalier plié qui est levé jusqu'à l'état fermé de l'escalier et contrebalance au moins partiellement le poids de l'escalier au cours de son ouverture, et en outre l'escalier est pourvu d'au moins une main courante agencée dans la partie supérieure de l'escalier. Afin de faciliter le pliage et le dépliage de l'escalier et de proposer un escalier de longueur réglable, l'escalier comprend un ressort (6) qui supporte le levage des segments d'escalier (3, 4, 7) autres que le segment le plus haut (2) au cours du pliage de ces segments (3, 4, 7) conjointement au segment le plus haut (2) et contrebalance au moins partiellement le poids de ces segments (3, 4, 7) au cours du dépliage de l'escalier, le ressort (6) étant agencé à l'intérieur de la main courante (5). Le segment inférieur (4) de l'escalier est avantageusement pourvu de moyens (41, 42) pour réguler la longueur du segment inférieur (4).
PCT/PL2011/000004 2010-01-18 2011-01-12 Escalier pliable, en particulier escalier pliable métallique en forme d'échelle Ceased WO2011087385A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11707229.8A EP2526240B1 (fr) 2010-01-18 2011-01-12 Escalier pliable
CN201180006193.6A CN102753771B (zh) 2010-01-18 2011-01-12 可折叠梯子状阶梯
HK13100614.1A HK1173481B (en) 2010-01-18 2011-01-12 Foldable ladder -like stairs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP.390219 2010-01-18
PL390219A PL224400B1 (pl) 2010-01-18 2010-01-18 Składane schody drabiniaste, zwłaszcza metalowe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011087385A2 true WO2011087385A2 (fr) 2011-07-21
WO2011087385A3 WO2011087385A3 (fr) 2011-12-01
WO2011087385A4 WO2011087385A4 (fr) 2012-01-26

Family

ID=43828320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/PL2011/000004 Ceased WO2011087385A2 (fr) 2010-01-18 2011-01-12 Escalier pliable, en particulier escalier pliable métallique en forme d'échelle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2526240B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102753771B (fr)
PL (1) PL224400B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011087385A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103306598A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-18 法克罗Pp公司 尤其是轻质木梯的折叠梯
US20220025701A1 (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 Werner Co. Extension Ladder and Methods of Making and Using an Extension Ladder
US20220120137A1 (en) * 2017-05-10 2022-04-21 Werner Co. Ceiling Ladder, Deep Step and Method
US12110742B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2024-10-08 Werner Co. Ladder with wide rung

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103016050B (zh) * 2012-12-12 2014-10-29 南京大学 一种隧道中作地质预报用的折叠式可升降保护装置
CN107859473A (zh) * 2017-12-10 2018-03-30 陈星宇 折叠梯
CN111765581B (zh) * 2020-06-24 2021-07-16 深圳市金源达建设集团有限公司 一种建筑节能通风系统

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070034450A1 (en) 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Precision Ladders, Llc Sectional overhead ladder with a fold assist feature

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US1767148A (en) * 1925-04-27 1930-06-24 Berthold V Marschke Folding and disappearing stairs
US1700904A (en) * 1927-02-21 1929-02-05 Paul G Marschke Folding stair structure
DE1103553B (de) * 1958-07-24 1961-03-30 Herta Hermanns Geb Nell Zusammenlegbare und mit Hilfe von Zugfedern hochschwenkbare Treppe
DE2237333C2 (de) * 1972-07-29 1984-06-07 Wilh. Frank Gmbh, 7022 Leinfelden-Echterdingen In einen Futterkasten einklappbare Bodentreppe
US3871479A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-03-18 Clarence H Pelto Telescoping stairway
CN2179864Y (zh) * 1993-11-11 1994-10-19 宗必泽 自动交替升降板扶梯
AT4864U1 (de) * 1998-10-23 2001-12-27 Wipplinger Robert Dachbodentreppe
CN2611566Y (zh) * 2003-02-28 2004-04-14 上海太比雅科技有限公司 挂壁式安全梯

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070034450A1 (en) 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Precision Ladders, Llc Sectional overhead ladder with a fold assist feature

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103306598A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-18 法克罗Pp公司 尤其是轻质木梯的折叠梯
US12110742B2 (en) 2016-12-14 2024-10-08 Werner Co. Ladder with wide rung
US20220120137A1 (en) * 2017-05-10 2022-04-21 Werner Co. Ceiling Ladder, Deep Step and Method
US20240110442A1 (en) * 2017-05-10 2024-04-04 Werner Co. Ceiling ladder, deep step and method
US12196041B2 (en) * 2017-05-10 2025-01-14 Werner Co. Ceiling ladder, deep step and method
US20220025701A1 (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 Werner Co. Extension Ladder and Methods of Making and Using an Extension Ladder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011087385A4 (fr) 2012-01-26
WO2011087385A3 (fr) 2011-12-01
CN102753771B (zh) 2014-11-19
HK1173481A1 (en) 2013-05-16
PL224400B1 (pl) 2016-12-30
EP2526240A2 (fr) 2012-11-28
CN102753771A (zh) 2012-10-24
PL390219A1 (pl) 2011-08-01
EP2526240B1 (fr) 2017-09-20

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