WO2011108980A1 - Ensemble de sûreté pour munition - Google Patents

Ensemble de sûreté pour munition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011108980A1
WO2011108980A1 PCT/SE2011/050229 SE2011050229W WO2011108980A1 WO 2011108980 A1 WO2011108980 A1 WO 2011108980A1 SE 2011050229 W SE2011050229 W SE 2011050229W WO 2011108980 A1 WO2011108980 A1 WO 2011108980A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
firing pin
locking
safety
locking plunger
firing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2011/050229
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henrik SJÖBLOM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LIFE TIME ENGINEERING AB
Original Assignee
LIFE TIME ENGINEERING AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LIFE TIME ENGINEERING AB filed Critical LIFE TIME ENGINEERING AB
Publication of WO2011108980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011108980A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety assembly for ammunition, comprising a housing with a cavity and further comprising firing means having a firing pin mounted in said cavity.
  • the invention also relates to a method for establishing and removing a safety lock on a piece of ammunition, and to ammunition comprising a safety assembly.
  • Explosive mortar ammunition is used for producing a near surface burst, and generally consists of a projectile comprising a frontal fuse assembly which is armed during launch, and ignited in connection to target impact.
  • a fuse assembly for military projectile is for instance shown in US 4782757 where a fuse assembly mounted on a mortar round, where the mortar shell is arranged to burst near the ground.
  • a serious drawback related to the above described system is that there is a certain risk of failure mode, meaning the interrupter might unintentionally rotate into armed position already before launch. In such a case the firing-pin will inevitably initiate the fuse thereby detonating the shell at launch which obviously may harm operators as well as destroying equipment.
  • GB 1017380 there is disclosed a safety device for fuzes for missiles arranged to be inserted in the firing mechanism between the striker and the detonator, however this design is still connected to safety issues.
  • ammunition such as mortar ammunition
  • Preferred embodiments of the invented safety assembly are defined in the dependent claims.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a fuse body according to the prior art
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a fuse body comprising a safety assembly in a rest position according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3a shows a schematic view of the fuse body of Fig. 2 at a first position during a launch
  • Fig. 3b shows a schematic view of the fuse body of Fig. 2 at a second position during a launch
  • Fig. 4a shows a schematic view of the fuse body of Fig. 2 at a first position after a launch with an adjacent interrupter in a safety position
  • Fig. 4b shows a schematic view of the fuse body of Fig. 2 at a second position after a launch with an adjacent interrupter in an armed position
  • Fig. 5a shows an exploded view of a fuse body according to the invention
  • Fig. 5b shows a perspective cut-away view of a firing pin assembly according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a fuse body with a fuse nose cone for mounting on ammunition such as mortar ammunition, according to the prior art, with a housing 1 comprising a central cavity 2 with one end covered by a protective foil 10. At an opposite end of said cavity 2, a lower opening 11 extends towards an interior of said fuse body, where an interrupter 5 is generally located.
  • a firing pin 3 is placed along with a spring 4 that serves to push a disc 12 mounted on an upper end of said firing pin 3 towards said protective foil 10. A lower end of said firing pin 3 extends through said lower opening 11 towards the interrupter 5.
  • the fuse nose cone 1 is mounted onto the fuse body of the ammunition before the ammunition is to be used.
  • the firing pin 3 will be pushed downwardly towards the interrupter 5 by the force caused by the acceleration to a maximum, whereat the disc 12 is abuts the edges of the cavity 2.
  • the spring 4 here in the form of a mechanical coil, will be compressed, thereby loading a force into said spring 4 so that the spring 4 strives to keep the firing pin 3 in its original position.
  • the spring 4 is extended again, pressing the disc 12 of the firing pin 3 up towards the protective foil 10.
  • a safety device in the form of the interrupter is arranged to rotate transversally, said rotation being controlled by a clockwork mechanism, so that a passage 13 containing pyrotechnics formed in the interrupter 5 is positioned directly under the firing pin 3. This process arms the ammunition.
  • the ammunition Upon impact at the target location, the ammunition will land on the fuse nose cone 1 so that the protective foil 10 breaks, thus enabling the disc 12 of the firing pin 3 to be instantly forced downwards into the passage 13, thereby initiating an ignition process that will lead to an explosion of the ammunition.
  • the movement performed by the firing pin 3 upon launch, when its lower end is pressed against the interrupter 5, is the same movement as the one which upon landing causes ignition of the ammunition.
  • the only difference between the process upon launch and the process upon landing is that the interrupter 5 is in different positions, first a safety position with the passage 13 turned away from the firing pin 3 and later an armed position with the passage 13 placed directly underneath the firing pin 3. If the interrupter 5 has been accidentally placed in the armed position before a launch, it can easily be understood from the description above that this would cause an ignition and subsequent explosion of the ammunition.
  • FIG. 2 shows a corresponding fuse nose cone 1 in a rest position, that could also be called a safety position, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a housing 1 now comprises a cavity 2 wherein a firing assembly 18 comprising a firing pin 3 can be placed and extend through an opening 11 of a bottom of said housing 1.
  • the cavity 2 is covered by a washer 9 with a central hole 14 placed directly above an upper end 15 of the firing pin 3, and upon the washer 9, a protective foil 10 is mounted to cover said washer 9 and cavity 2 completely.
  • the washer 9 is held in position by engaging with a machined groove 23 inside the cavity 2 in such a way that it is prevented from moving upwards out from the cavity 2.
  • a first locking plunger 6 is mounted and held by a spring 4 in the form of a mechanical coil that in this safe position strives to push said first locking plunger 6 up towards the washer 9 and protective foil 10.
  • a second locking plunger 7 is mounted around the upper end 15 of the firing pin 3 and is held by a locking means 8 in the form of a ball placed in an opening 17 in a wall of the firing assembly 18 in such a way that said second locking plunger 7 is pressed upwards and the firing assembly 18 with the firing pin 3 is pressed downwards.
  • the lower end 16 of the firing pin 3 is pressed down into an interrupter cavity 19 of the interrupter 5 and securely held between the interrupter 5 and the first and second locking plungers 6, 7.
  • Fig. 3a shows the fuse nose cone 1 during launch of the ammunition. Due to
  • the first locking plunger 6 is pushed downwards against the spring 4, compressing said spring 4.
  • the other components placed inside the cavity 2, i.e. the firing assembly 18 with the firing pin 3, the second locking plunger 7 and the locking means 8 are held in their original position, pressed between the interrupter cavity 19 and the washer 9, unable to move in relation to each other thanks to the locking means 8, i.e. the ball 8, that holds the second locking plunger 7 fixed in relation to the firing assembly 18.
  • Fig. 3b the state of the components inside the housing 1 is shown after that the first locking plunger 6 has reached its position at a bottom of the cavity 2 with the spring 4 compressed as much as possible.
  • the opening 17 housing the locking means 8 is aligned with a second opening 20 in the first locking plunger 6 so that the locking means 8 can slide into this second opening 20 and thereby free the second locking plunger 7 so that it is able to move in relation to the firing assembly 18. Due to the acceleration that the housing 1 and the fuse nose cone 1 is subjected to from the launch, and thanks to a tapering shape of a lower end of the second locking plunger 7, the ball 8 is pushed partly into this second opening 20 so that its locking function is ceased.
  • the second locking plunger 7 now slides as far down as it can go, around the upper end 15 of the firing pin 3 to reach the bottom of a holder of the firing assembly 18.
  • the locking means now serve to lock the first locking plunger 6 and the firing assembly 18 together.
  • Fig. 4a shows a state after launch where the initial acceleration from said launch has decreased and a downwardly directed force that was present in Fig. 2a-2b has ceased to act.
  • the compressed spring 4 can now return to its original position, pushing the first locking plunger 6 up towards the washer 9. Since the first locking plunger 6 is now locked together with the firing assembly 18 by the locking means 8 placed inside the opening 17 and the second opening 20, the firing assembly 18 will also be pushed up to reach the position shown by Fig. 4a.
  • the interrupter cavity 19 is now empty and the interrupter 5 free to move without being prevented by the firing pin 3.
  • the upwards movement of the firing assembly 18 also means that the upper end 15 of the firing pin 3 is pushed upwards through the central hole 14 of the washer and through the material of the protective foil 10.
  • Said protective foil 10 is preferably made from a thin metal foil that will easily break when confronted with the upper end 15 of the firing pin 3, showing clearly that the movement required for allowing the interrupter 5 to rotate in order to arm the ammunition has been performed.
  • the invention is not limited to metal foil, but that other materials also may be used. Thanks to the invention personnel handling the ammunition can be certain that the ammunition has not been armed as long as the protective foil 10 is unbroken, and thanks to this failsafe mechanism a higher level of security can be achieved. Since this mechanism is independent from the mechanism for arming the ammunition by rotating the interrupter 5, the requirement of having at least two independent safety locks for securing the ammunition is fulfilled.
  • Fig. 4b shows the position of the components in the housing 1 after the interrupter 5 has also been rotated, for instance by fuse clockwork, to align the channel 13 with the firing pin 3 to reach the armed position.
  • the spring 4 holds the first locking plunger 6 and the firing assembly 18 in place, until the moment when the ammunition reaches a solid object that can form a target. The confrontation with such an object will cause the firing assembly to be slammed down into the channel 13, thereby igniting the ammunition and creating a desired explosion.
  • the mechanism for generating the explosion from the ignition by the firing pin 3 can be designed according to any suitable method that is known in the art.
  • the design according to the invention can be mounted on different kinds of ammunition, replacing other fuse nose cones and performing the same function of firing the ignition by a firing pin 3 being pushed into a channel 13 of the interrupter 5, but at the same time adding the safety function described above in a reliable and convenient manner. The risk of an accidental detonation at launch can thereby be eliminated.
  • the firing pin 3 cooperates with the interrupter 5 in such a way as to lock said interrupter 5 in a safety position, and the acceleration at the launch creates a movement of the firing pin 3, as has been described in the above, where the firing pin 3 is moved from the rest position to a second position shown in Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, where it can strike against the interrupter.
  • Fig. 5a shows an exploded view of the fuse body with the safety assembly according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the spring 4 is arranged to be mounted around a lower section of the first locking plunger 6, said first locking plunger 6 having an interior cavity into which the firing pin 3 of the firing assembly 18 can be inserted.
  • the dimensions of the firing assembly 18 are adapted to allow a holder 21 of the firing assembly 18 to be inserted into the first locking plunger 6 and to allow the second locking plunger 7 to be inserted into the holder 21 and move in relation to the firing assembly 18 in the absence of the locking means 8.
  • the ball 8 that serves as the locking means 8 is arranged to be placed into an opening 17 in the form of a through hole through a wall of the holder 21 and a second opening 20 of the first locking plunger 6, also in the form of a through hole.
  • the second locking plunger 7 has a tapering bottom and a longitudinal through hole, so that it can be placed onto the upper end 15 of the firing assembly 18 and be moved into the holder 21.
  • the ball 8 When the ball 8 is placed into the opening 17, it is in contact with the tapered bottom of the second locking plunger 7 and thereby prevents it from sliding down into the holder 21, but when the ball 8 is allowed to slide partially into the second opening 20, the tapered shape of the bottom will facilitate this movement and eliminate the risk of the ball 8 being stuck in its safety position and being unable to move towards the second opening 20.
  • the ball 8 In a position in the opening 17 and the second opening 20, the ball 8 instead serves to lock the first locking plunger 6 and the firing assembly 18 together, since the presence of the ball 8 in the openings 17, 20 prevents the first locking plunger 6 and the firing assembly 18 from moving in relation to each other.
  • the washer 9 is arranged to be placed into the housing 1 after the spring, the first and second locking plunger 6, 7, the locking means 8 and the firing assembly 18 have been inserted into the cavity 2 of the housing 1.
  • the washer is equipped with legs 22 for interacting with interior walls of the cavity 2 and locking the washer 9 into place after insertion.
  • the central hole 14 is positioned such that the upper end 15 of the firing assembly 18 is directly below it and can be extended through said central hole 14 upon moving from the safety position to a second position.
  • the protective foil 10 can be mounted onto the top of the housing 1 with the washer 9 after all the other components have been inserted and seal the housing 1 , thereby preventing the entering of particles or fluids into the housing 1.
  • Fig. 5b shows the firing assembly 18 with one side cut away, displaying the holder 21 and the upper end 15 around which the second locking plunger 7 can slide. It can be seen that the firing pin 3 is wider closest to the holder 21, in order to provide a strong and durable structure and to fit into the first locking plunger 6, that is to be mounted around the firing pin 3 and the holder 21.
  • the method of establishing a safety lock and removing said lock according to the present invention can be condensed by the method steps described below: a) providing a safety assembly mounted in a fuze nose cone, said safety
  • firing pin 3 being held in a safety position where it interacts with an interruptor 5 of a piece of ammunition in such a way that said interruptor 5 is held fixed in relation to said firing pin 3.
  • step c) said locking means 8 after releasing said firing pin 3 in step c) moving to a position where it fixedly locks said firing pin 3 in relation to a first locking plunger 6.
  • step c) said firing pin 3 and said first locking plunger 6 being moved together to an armed position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un ensemble de sûreté pour munition, lequel ensemble comprend un boîtier avec une cavité, et comprend de plus des moyens de tir ayant un percuteur monté dans ladite cavité, lesdits moyens de tir étant agencés de façon à coopérer avec un interrupteur de façon à verrouiller de façon libérable ledit interrupteur dans une position de sûreté désarmée, dans laquelle position de sûreté ledit percuteur est agencé de façon à faire saillie dans une cavité dudit interrupteur, de telle sorte qu'une détonation involontaire est empêchée, ledit ensemble de sûreté comprenant de plus des moyens de verrouillage agencés de façon à verrouiller de façon libérable ledit percuteur dans ladite position de sûreté, l'ensemble de sûreté comprenant un premier et un second plongeurs de verrouillage mobiles, et, dans une position de sûreté désarmée, lesdits moyens de verrouillage coopérant avec ledit premier plongeur de verrouillage pour verrouiller ledit percuteur contre le second plongeur de verrouillage mobile pour maintenir le percuteur dans ladite cavité, de façon à maintenir ainsi l'ensemble dans la position de sûreté.
PCT/SE2011/050229 2010-03-03 2011-03-01 Ensemble de sûreté pour munition Ceased WO2011108980A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1050198-9 2010-03-03
SE1050198 2010-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011108980A1 true WO2011108980A1 (fr) 2011-09-09

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PCT/SE2011/050229 Ceased WO2011108980A1 (fr) 2010-03-03 2011-03-01 Ensemble de sûreté pour munition

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WO (1) WO2011108980A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014108904A1 (fr) * 2013-01-13 2014-07-17 Elbit Systems Land And C4I Ltd. Ensemble de sécurité pour fusée de munition

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1279895A (fr) * 1960-02-18 1961-12-22 Inventa Ag Fusée percutante pour projectile
GB944164A (en) * 1960-02-17 1963-12-11 Junghans Geb Ag Percussion fuze with or without delay mechanism for unrotated projectiles, more especially mortar bombs
US3118378A (en) * 1960-12-19 1964-01-21 Percussion fuze for rocket
GB971113A (en) * 1960-02-18 1964-09-30 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to impact fuzes for projectiles
GB1017380A (en) * 1963-02-21 1966-01-19 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Safety device for missiles
US4007689A (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-02-15 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Blocking mechanism for an impact fuze

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB944164A (en) * 1960-02-17 1963-12-11 Junghans Geb Ag Percussion fuze with or without delay mechanism for unrotated projectiles, more especially mortar bombs
FR1279895A (fr) * 1960-02-18 1961-12-22 Inventa Ag Fusée percutante pour projectile
GB971113A (en) * 1960-02-18 1964-09-30 Inventa Ag Improvements relating to impact fuzes for projectiles
US3118378A (en) * 1960-12-19 1964-01-21 Percussion fuze for rocket
GB1017380A (en) * 1963-02-21 1966-01-19 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Safety device for missiles
US4007689A (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-02-15 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Blocking mechanism for an impact fuze

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014108904A1 (fr) * 2013-01-13 2014-07-17 Elbit Systems Land And C4I Ltd. Ensemble de sécurité pour fusée de munition

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