WO2011109794A2 - Systèmes, procédés et appareil pour un réflecteur de lumière - Google Patents

Systèmes, procédés et appareil pour un réflecteur de lumière Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011109794A2
WO2011109794A2 PCT/US2011/027322 US2011027322W WO2011109794A2 WO 2011109794 A2 WO2011109794 A2 WO 2011109794A2 US 2011027322 W US2011027322 W US 2011027322W WO 2011109794 A2 WO2011109794 A2 WO 2011109794A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
optical film
lenticular lens
structured
lens optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2011/027322
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011109794A3 (fr
Inventor
Leslie D. Howe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOUTHPAC TRUST INTERNATIONAL Inc
Original Assignee
SOUTHPAC TRUST INTERNATIONAL Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/952,765 external-priority patent/US8568002B2/en
Application filed by SOUTHPAC TRUST INTERNATIONAL Inc filed Critical SOUTHPAC TRUST INTERNATIONAL Inc
Publication of WO2011109794A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011109794A2/fr
Publication of WO2011109794A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011109794A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
    • F21V17/16—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening by deformation of parts; Snap action mounting
    • F21V17/164—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening by deformation of parts; Snap action mounting the parts being subjected to bending, e.g. snap joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
    • F21V17/108—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening using hook and loop-type fasteners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/60—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
    • F21V29/67—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
    • F21V29/673—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans the fans being used for intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/60—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air
    • F21V29/67—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
    • F21V29/677—Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans the fans being used for discharging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/10—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
    • F21V17/12—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening by screwing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to light reflection, and in particular to light- reflecting systems.
  • Light reflectors or reflection devices are utilized in many applications, and are particularly useful for directing light in applications including video recording, motion picture filming, television, etc. Light reflectors may also be utilized in projection applications. Movie projection screens, for example, are often made with a material designed to enhance the reflected brightness and other qualities of the projected image.
  • light reflection devices typically reflect or bounce light from a source and towards a subject, or towards portions of the scenery. Reflectors are typically separated from a light source and may be used for controlling shadows, highlights, and/or the effective size of the main light source. For example, a reflector positioned a certain distance away from a light source may accept light from the source and may effectively increase the beam diameter incident on the subject by effectively increasing the separation between the light source and the subject.
  • Unmodified direct light from light bulbs or direct mid-day sunlight may be described as a specular point source, where the light rays striking the intended subject may predominantly come from a single direction and may cause pronounced shadows, highlights and contrast. This may be known as "hard” light in the industry. Hard light may be sometimes desirable to achieve certain looks and effects in photography, however, in general, a more diffused or “soft” light source may be needed. Soft light refers to light that may tend to "wrap" around objects, casting shadows with soft edges arid lowering the contrast and highlights.
  • reflection surfaces are used in studio lighting.
  • One type may be a basic white panel typically made from matt or satin finish paper products, such as card stock, .foam core board, bristle board etc.
  • Such reflection surfaces are considered diffuse because they exhibit an almost lambertian distribution of reflected light rays.
  • a surface covered with titanium dioxide or magnesium carbonate may have similar reflection characteristics to matt white paper, and may be a reference standard for light reflection, distribution pattern, and/or viewing angles.
  • white reflection surfaces with characteristics similar to that of paper products may be used, including white vinyl nylon, synthetic fabrics etc. Typically, the white surfaces tend to reflect the visible spectrum wavelengths evenly without discernable shifts in color.
  • the reflected light may need to be of sufficient brightness to have the desired effect, which may necessitate either that the si/.e of the reflection surface be increased or the reflection surface be moved closer to the intended subject.
  • situating the reflector surface close enough to the intended subject to have the desired affect may be difficult or not possible, as it may be visible in the shot or otherwise obtrusive.
  • a larger reflecting surface may also suffer from the same problem, and the large physical size may be inconvenient and undesirable on a location. Additionally, larger reflection surfaces may require larger and heavier frames for mounting.
  • Flat lighting may be lighting that produces very little contrast on the subject, with a minimum of shadows.
  • flat lighting might be similar to light on an overcast day, and could be described as dull and non-dynamic.
  • Another type of reflecting surface which may be widely used in studio lighting is while synthetic fabric which may be blended with metallic fibers or metallic coatings, which may give a more specular or harder mirror like reflection.
  • This type of reflection surface may offer a mix of white and metallic in different ratios and patterns., such as a "zebra pattern" which may have alternating bands of white and metallic, to fully metallic.
  • the metallic patterns may be silver or gold colored.
  • Such materials may reflect higher levels of light towards the intended subject due to the specular mirror like characteristics; however, such materials may cast harsh unpleasmg highlights or ⁇ hotspots * ' on the intended subject, especially when used with a hard light source such as the direct sun.
  • FIG. 1 A prior art reflection screen as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,903,392 to Kojima et. aikos is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the intended application is for use as a front projection screen, and the screen includes a first sheet 102, which may contain a diffusion coating formed on the top of a clear substraie 104, and a layer of prisms 106 formed beneath clear substrate 104.
  • the triangular prisms 106 are arranged such that their bottom sides he on the substrate 104 (i.e., the prism apexes 108 face the back of the reflection screen).
  • the axis of alignment of the prisms may extend in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal viewing plane.
  • Disposed beneath layer of prisms 106 is a black absorbing second sheet 110.
  • the prior art reflection screen 100 may suffer from several drawbacks:
  • the black absorbing second sheet 110 may absorb most of the light that is refracted through the prism lay er 106.
  • the reflection screen exhibits relatively low reflectance.
  • the prism apexes 108 face the rear surface 1 10. when the prism apex is approximately 90 degrees, the light incident on the screen from a given incident angle will be reflected in a direction opposite of the incident angle. This may create a mirror like reflection or "hotspof when the screen is viewed from an angle close to the angle of the incident light. This specular' hot spotting may make the reflection characteristics unsuitable for use in most applications.
  • the prior art patent (5,903,392) teaches that the prism apex angle should be between 90 degrees and 100 degrees to avoid the hotspot drawback.
  • the tooling and manufacturing costs of a customized optical sheet that has a diffusion layer on one side and a prism sheet with non standard (i.e., angles other than 90 degrees) prism apex angles, especially on the large format sizes that would be required for most projection screens, may be prohibitively expensive.
  • the reflection screen 200 is for a front projection screen.
  • the reflection screen 200 includes a top diffusion layer 202, a transparent resin sheet 203, which may be laminated to the bottom surface of the diffusion layer 202, and a prism layer 204 with triangular prisms arranged such that the prism apexes 206 face (he back of the reflection screen. Hie axis of alignment of the prisms may extend in a direction that may be perpendicular to a horizontal viewing plane.
  • a reflection layer 208 or "mirror* layer Disposed beneath the prism sheet 200 may be a reflection layer 208 or "mirror* layer, which may be made from vacuum depositing or sputtering of aluminum or silver on the prism surface.
  • this reflection screen may also suffer drawbacks similar to those discussed above with respect to the 5,903,392 patent.
  • 90 -degree prism apexes 206 that face the rear surface 208
  • light incident on the screen from a given incident angle will be reflected in a direction opposite of the incident angle. This may create a mirror like reflection or 'liotspof when the screen is viewed from an angle close to the angle of the incident light.
  • the use of a highly specular mirror-like reflecting surface 208 may increase the specular component of light reflected from the reflection screen 200, which may increase undesirable hot- spotting.
  • Certain embodiments of the invention may include systems and methods for a light reflector.
  • a method for manufacturing a multi-layer light reflector can include attaching a rear reflective layer to a lenticular lens optical film layer.
  • the lenticular lens optical film layer includes a smooth surface and a structured surface.
  • the rear reflective layer is disposed adjacent to or in contact with the smooth surface of the lenticular optical film.
  • the method also includes attaching a diffusion layer to the lenticular lens optical film layer.
  • the diffusion layer includes a smooth film surface and a structured diffusing surface.
  • the smooth film surface of the diffusion film is disposed adjacent to or in contact with the structured surface of the lenticular lens optical film.
  • a light reflector is provided.
  • the light reflector includes a rear reflective surface and a lenticular lens optical film.
  • the lenticular lens optical film includes a smooth surface and a structured surface.
  • the smooth surface of the lenticular lens optical film is attached or disposed adjacent to the rear reflective surface.
  • Hie light reflector also includes a diffusion .film.
  • the diffusion film includes a smooth film surface and a structured diffusing surface. The smooth film surface of the diffusion film is attached or disposed adjacent to the structured surface of the lenticular lens optical film
  • a light reflector system includes a film stack that may include a rear reflective surface.
  • the film stack may also include a lenticular lens optica! film having smooth surface and a structured surface, where the smooth surface of the lenticular lens optical film is attached or disposed adjacent to the rear reflective surface.
  • the film stack may also include a diffusion film.
  • the diffusion film includes a smooth film surface and a structured diffusing surface. The smooth film surface of the diffusion film is attached or disposed adjacent to the structured surface of the lenticular lens optical film.
  • the light reflector system may also include a film-tensioning frame operable for mounting the film stack and providing tension to the film stack.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a prior art reflection surface.
  • FIG. 2 depicts another prior an reflection surface.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross sectional view of the reflector, according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a back reflector and a prismatic optical layer, according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a method, according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a frame and holder for the reflector, according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 depicts another view of a frame and holder for the reflector, according to an example embodiment of the invention.
  • Certain embodiments of the invention may enable a light reflector.
  • incident light may interact with the reflector, and may first encounter a diffusion film.
  • the incident light may first encounter a structured, diffusing, andw non-glossy surface associated with the diffusion film.
  • the outer surface of the diffusion film may be a matte finish (non-glossy) to avoid mirror-like or specular reflections from the light source.
  • the diffusion film may be disposed adjacent to, or attached to a structured side of a prismatic optical film.
  • the structured surface of the prismatic optical film may include a plurality of triangular prisms arranged such that that the apex of the prisms may face towards the incident light and/or towards the back surface of the diffusion film (which may be smooth or structured).
  • the prismatic optical film may include a smooth back surface that may be disposed adjacent to, or attached to a rear reflective surface.
  • Example embodiments of the reflector may function both as a diffuse light reflector and as a fight recycling cavity ("LRC")
  • LRC fight recycling cavity
  • a LRC for example, may be used in a backlight application in an LCD display.
  • the LRC differs from a traditional backlight in that traditional backlight designs may have a light source which may be either disposed directly behind the output surface (for example, as in a direct lit configuration) or disposed along the outside edges (for example, as in an edge lit configuration).
  • the light source may be the light incident on the reflector, and the incident light may enter the LRC via refraction through the top structured surface of the prism film.
  • the LRC of the reflector 300 may include a rear reflective surface 302 with high diffuse reflectance characteristics.
  • the LRC of the reflector 300 may include a prismatic optical film 304 with the prism apexes facing the incident light 312.
  • the reflector 300 may include a diffusion film 306.
  • the diffusion film 306 may include a textured, structured or otherwise diffusing surface 310.
  • the diffusion film 306, the prismatic optical film 304, and the rear reflective surface 302 may be disposed or sandwiched in intimate contact with one another and may have no obvious air cavities therein between, but may still form a recycling cavity.
  • incident light 312 from an external source may initially enter the diffusion film 306, which may act to diffuse the incident light 312.
  • the incident light 312 may interact with the structured portion 310 of the diffusion film 306 and a small proportion of the incident light 312 may be reflected, in a mostly diffused, lambertian distribution pattern.
  • the diffusion film 306 may exhibit a haze rating of approximately 45% to approximately 70%.
  • levels of diffusion may be adjusted to increase or decrease the overall diffuse and specular reflectance ratio of the reflector 300.
  • the diffusion film may exhibit low g!oss characteristics to avoid specular "mirror like" reflections that may increase as the level of gloss increases.
  • Companies such as Kiraoto Tech and Keiwa Inc. manufacture diffusion films specifically designed for use with prism film, however, such films may be intended for incident light entering the smooth (un-structured) rear side of the film, and the gloss level of the structured surface of the film may he not specified.
  • appropriate levels of gloss and haze may be found through trial and error.
  • Gloss is associated with the capacity of a surface to reflect more light in directions close to specular than in other directions. Measured gloss ratings by the ASTM D523 - 08 Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss, for example, may be obtained by comparing the specular reflectance from the specimen to that from a black glass standard. Since specular reflectance depends also on the surface retractive index of the specimen, the measured gloss ratings change as the surface refractive index changes. In obtaining the visual gloss ratings, however, it is customary to compare the specular reflectances of two specimens having similar- surface refractive indices.
  • Test Method E 430 includes techniques for the measurement of both distincmess-of-image gloss and reflection haze.
  • Test Method D 4039 provides an alternative procedure for measuring reflection ha/.e. Little information about the relation of numerical-to-perceptual intervals of specular gloss has been published. However, in many applications the gloss scales of this test method have provided instrumental scaling of coated specimens that have agreed well with visual scaling. When specimens differing widely in perceived gloss or color, or both, are compared, nonlmearity may be encountered in the relationship between visual gloss difference ratings and instrumental gloss reading differences.
  • a “smooth " surface may be defined by the Rayleigh criterion:
  • Example embodiments of the invention may include certain surfaces having low gloss., or Lambertian scattering properties, which may be approximately related to the surface roughness defined as:
  • a high percentage of the incident light 312 may refract through tire diffusion film 306, and strike tire structured surface of the prismatic optical film (304).
  • a small portion of light striking the structured surface of the prismatic optical film may be reflected backwards towards the incident light (312) through the diffusion film (302), and exiting the reflector (300).
  • the majority of the tight striking the structured surface of the prismatic optica! film will be refracted through it and thus entering the LRC.
  • FIG. 4 depicts an example cross sectional view of an example prismatic optical film.
  • the prismatic structure may be embossed on one surface of a plastic substrate 404.
  • the prisms may be aligned in a directional axis with respect to the plane of the plastic substrate 404.
  • the prismatic films may be utilized to redirect off-axis light to an output direction that is closer to the normal axis of the output surface, in an example embodiment, the prismatic film may reflect relatively on-axis light incident on (he bottom surface (non structured side) and recycle this light backwards into the LRC, while refracting off axis light through the top surface generally in the direction of the normal axis of the output surface.
  • FIG. 4 also depicts example light ray interaction with the prism film.
  • a gap is shown between the back reflector surface 402 and the smooth side of the prismatic film 404 for the purpose of depicting light ray reflection angles.
  • the back reflector surface 402 may simply be held in conlaci with the prismatic film 404 (for example, around the edges of the film layers) without specifically controlling the size or uniformity of the air gap therein between.
  • the air gap size and uniformity may be controlled.
  • spacers may be utilized around the perimeter of the film layers to provide a certain air gap distance.
  • the back reflector surface 402 may be in intimate contact with the smooth side of the prismatic film 404.
  • an index matching material or adhesive may be disposed between the hack reflector surface 402 and the smooth side of the prismatic film 404.
  • an index matching material or adhesive may he disposed between the back reflector surface 402 and the smooth side of the prismatic film 404.
  • the prismatic film 404 may integrated with the back reflector surface 402 and embossed or otherwise textured
  • the prismatic film 404 may be metallized (for example, via vacuum metal deposition) to create the back reflector surface 402 in intimate contact with the smooth side of the prismatic film 404.
  • the smooth (non-structured) side of the prismatic film may be treated or otherwise manufactured to have a non-smooth or matte finish so that any subsequent metallization reflecting layer may have a high diffuse reflectance.
  • an off-axis ray 406 may be reflected from the reflector surface 402 and may be incident on the non-structured (or non- embossed) surface of the plastic substrate 404.
  • the internal ray 410 may he refracted towards the normal of the plane of the plastic substrate at the first air-film boundary due to the higher refractive index of the film, which may have an index of refraction of approxirrartely n-1.5.
  • the refractive index of the film 404, index matching within the gap between the back reflector 402 and the prismatic film 404, and the polarity of the incident light electromagnetic field the internal ray 410 may be transmitted 413 and/or reflected 412 at the second film-air boundary.
  • the reflected 412 portion of the light may encounter a third film-air boundary where it may internally reflect 414 back into the film for recycling, or it may transmit 416 across the film-air boundary, and may encounter an adjacent prism
  • the ray may then reflect 418 from the prism surface to the output, or it may transmit 420 back into the film, where it may be recycled.
  • another off-axis ray 408 may be reflected from the reflector surface 408, and may be refracted 422 towards the normal of the first air-film boundary.
  • the refracted 422 ray may encounter the film-air boundary and may be transmitted 424 to the output, if the angle of incidence upon the film-air boundary exceeds the critical angle for total internal reflection.
  • the illumination output angle may be condensed in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the axis of alignment of the prism array s and/or slightly condensed in the plane parallel to the axis of alignment
  • the axis of alignment in the horizontal direction may produce an illumination output angle that is primarily condensed in the vertical direction, with a slight condensation in the horizontal direction.
  • light collimation or light condensing (along the vertical and/or horizontal direction) by the prism film may have the effect of increasing the relative output levels of the light exiting the film in the direction normal to the surface of the film
  • the u ideal" light output along an axis normal to the surface of the film can be as high as 70% or more compared to the a light source without the prism films in place.
  • the back surface of the reflector may be the reflection film 302, which may serve as the back panel of the LRC.
  • the reflection film 302 may be a white reflecting material that has high overall reflectivity, (for example, over 95% efficient), and may also have diffuse reflectance of over 95%.
  • One such example product includes foamed microcellular PET plastic sheets such as the Ref White series by Kimoto Tech.
  • An aluminum or silver reflection material such as that used in the previously described prior art from Kojima et. al., might have only a 10% diffuse reflectance value and a 85% specular value.
  • specular reflection materials may be relatively ineffective at increasing light scattering within the LRC.
  • maximizing light scattering within the LRC may be best served by reflecting materials that have the highest amount of diffuse reflectance possible.
  • the portion of light within the LRC that strikes the bottom surface of the prism film 304 and is reflected within the required angles of the prism film lo be refracted subsequently may exit the prism film 304.
  • the reflected light may have a condensed dispersion pattern, and may pass through the diffusion film 306, becoming further diffused, and finally may exit the reflection sur f ace through the top struct ured surface of the diffusion film 310.
  • the description of the optical films in this disclosure may be intended to show functional aspects of the reflection surface using those films as an example.
  • optical films available on tire market which may potentially exceed the performance of the films in the illustrated examples, or which may reduce the total number of films required.
  • films may be available that combine the operation of prism films and a diffuser into one film.
  • Other possible options for light management films may be available which may perform similar functions as the examples described herein., some of which may exceed operational performance of the example films, or which may be more cost effective to use.
  • lenticular lens films may be utilized.
  • lenticular lens films may have structured surfaces that may increase certain aspects of the reflectors performance. Therefore, example embodiments of the invention may utilize all known types of fight management films that may be appropriate to the function and usage of the reflector.
  • Embodiments of the invention when applied as a reflector for studio lighting, may produce light output that may be relatively soft and diffuse, yet may contain just enough specular reflected components to add a pleasing amount of highlights to the subject without casting any specular hot spots, even when reflecting direct sunlight.
  • example embodiments of the invention may have the technical effects of being a reflector that produces even diffusion similar to that of a white type reflector typically used in studio lighting, but without the flat, dull or un-dynamic qualities.
  • embodiments of the invention may have the technical effects of producing reflected light output level comparable to the previously described reflectors typically used in studio lighting, which have a mixture of metallic fibers or coatings, but may not exhibit the harsh specular hoi spots of said typical reflectors.
  • Embodiments of the invention may result in a light reflector having the technical effect of producing reflected output that may be approximately 80% greater than thai of a white type reflector typically used in studio lighting.
  • an example reflector when the axis of alignment of the prism axis is in the horizontal plane, an example reflector may have the half brightness dispersion pattern of approximately 90 degrees horizontally, and 65 degrees vertically. When used as a studio lighting reflector, it may be rotated such that the dispersion pattern may be aligned to a position best suited for the lighting requirements of the intended subject.
  • T he reflector may also be advantageous for use as a projection screen surface.
  • the reflector may allow a gain of approximately 1.8 as compared with a standard reference surface, arid may still maintain a large half-brightness viewing angle of approximately 90 degrees in the horizontal viewing plane.
  • an example embodiment of the inv ention may exhibit minimal hot spotting., excellent contrast characteristics and minimal perceptible color shift of the reflected image, which tends to be a problem with many high gain projection screens currently on the market.
  • the types of diffusion film, prismatic optical film, and reflection film described in example embodiments may be used in large format televisions, among other applications, and may be therefore mass-produced with competitive pricing advantages, and max' potentially eliminate the high costs of custom optical film manufacturing.
  • the method 500 starts in block 502, and according to an example embodiment of the invention, includes attaching a reai- reflective layer to a prismatic optical film layer, wherein the prismatic optical film layer comprises a smooth surface and a structural surface, wherein the structured surface comprises a plurality of triangular prisms, and wherein the rear reflective layer is disposed adjacent to or in contact with the smooth surface of the prismatic optical film
  • the method 500 includes attaching a diffusion layer to the prismatic optical film layer, wherein the diffusion layer comprises a smooth film surface and a structured diffusing surface., wherein the smooth film surface of the diffusion film is disposed adjacent to or in contact with the structured surface of the prismatic optical film.
  • the method 500 ends after block 504.
  • the reflector film stack may be mounted on a fiim- tensioiiing frame as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
  • FIG 6, shows a rear perspective of the film-tensioning frame.
  • the reflector film stack 600 may be mounted on a four sided frame.
  • each side of the frame may include two frame members 608. which mas' be under tensional force from a spring 606.
  • the frame members 608 may be attached to a sliding inner frame member 604 disposed approximately at the center point of the frame side.
  • the other half of the inner sliding frame member 604 may be allowed to slide freely inside one of the frame members 608.
  • FIG. 7 depicts a three dimensional exploded close-up view of one comer associated with the film-tensioning frame, in an example embodiment, diffusion film 700A, prism film 700B. and reflector film 700C may form a multi-layer film stack and may be secured to the frame connector 702 via a film retention screw and washer 7.12 that may pass though corner holes in each of the film layers.
  • the frame connector 702 may attach to a one end of a frame member 708.
  • the other end of the frame member 708 may attach to one end of a sliding inner frame member 704.
  • the other end of the sliding inner frame member 704 may be in contact with a spring 706.
  • the spring 706 may be held in place by a spring retaining screws 710.
  • both frame members 708 when both frame members 708 are manually pushed together; tensional force is created along the axis of the frame members.
  • two opposing sides of the frame may be secured to the frame connectors 702 with screws, and the other two sides can be compressed, and inserted into the frame connectors 702 and may be held in place by tensional force once the compression force is released.
  • tension of sufficient amount may be present across the reflector film stack 700A, 700B. 700C to cause the reflector film stack to be suitably and adequately suspended across the frame.
  • the springs 706 may be eliminated, and instead, adjustable frame tensioners may be used.
  • Such adjustable tensioners may comprise a threaded insert, which may fit into the frame member 708 approximately in the same position as the former springs 706 described previously.
  • the threaded insert may include a bolt, which when turned, may exert force against a shim (not shown) and sliding inner frame member 704, thus creating outward tension along the axis of the frame side.
  • the bolt may be adjusted through an opening in the frame member 708.
  • embodiments of the invention may include the multilayer reflector system with more or less of the layers or components as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, and 7.
  • the light reflector may include a rear reflective surface.
  • the rear reflective surface may include a lenticular or prismatic optical film having a smooth, surface and a structured surface.
  • the structured surface may include a plurality of triangular prisms.
  • the lenticular lens structured surface may include a plurality of raised ridges, or shaped features, according to the desired properties.
  • the smooth surface of the lenticular or prismatic optical film is attached or disposed adjacent to the rear reflective surface.
  • the light reflector may also include a diffusion film having a smooth film surface and a structured diffusing surface, wherein the smooth film surface of the diffusion film is attached or disposed adjacent to the structured surface of the lenticular or prismatic optical film.
  • Example embodiments of the light reflector may include rear reflector having reflectivity specifications with a total reflectance value of 90% or greater and a diffuse reflectance value of 90% or greater.
  • Example embodiments of the invention may include a lenticular lens optical film having a plurality of triangular prisms.
  • Certain example embodiments of the light reflector may include a rear reflective surface including a metal or a metalized surface.
  • Other example embodiments of the light reflector may include a rear reflective surface including foamed microcellular PET plastic.
  • Example embodiments of the invention may include a lenticular or prismatic optical film having a structured surface with an axis of orientation that can he aligned vertically or horizontally.
  • Certain example embodiments of the light reflector include lenticular or prismatic optica! film, wherein the structured surface of tlie lenticular or prismatic optical film includes prisms having 90-degree prism apex angles.
  • Certain example embodiments of the invention may include a film-tensioning frame operable for mounting the film stack and providing tension to the film stack.
  • comers associated with the film-tensioning frame are further operable to engage corners associated with the film stack.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Certains modes de réalisation de l'invention portent sur des systèmes de réflecteur, sur des procédés et sur un appareil pour produire un réflecteur de lumière. Selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention, un procédé est fourni pour fabriquer un réflecteur de lumière multicouche. Le procédé peut mettre en œuvre la fixation d'une couche réfléchissante arrière sur une couche de film optique de lentille lenticulaire. La couche de film optique de lentille lenticulaire comprend une surface lisse et une surface structurée. La couche réfléchissante arrière est disposée au voisinage de la surface lisse du film optique lenticulaire ou en contact avec celle-ci. Le procédé met également en œuvre la fixation d'une couche de diffusion à la couche de film optique de lentille lenticulaire. La couche de diffusion comprend une surface de film lisse et une surface de diffusion structurée. La surface de film lisse du film de diffusion est disposée au voisinage de la surface structurée du film optique de lentille lenticulaire ou en contact avec celle-ci.
PCT/US2011/027322 2010-03-05 2011-03-05 Systèmes, procédés et appareil pour un réflecteur de lumière Ceased WO2011109794A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31110410P 2010-03-05 2010-03-05
US61/311,104 2010-03-05
US12/952,765 2010-11-23
US12/952,765 US8568002B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2010-11-23 Light diffusion and condensing fixture
US45925110P 2010-12-10 2010-12-10
US61/459,251 2010-12-10
US13/020,541 2011-02-03
US13/020,541 US8400714B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2011-02-03 Systems, methods, and apparatus for a light reflector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011109794A2 true WO2011109794A2 (fr) 2011-09-09
WO2011109794A3 WO2011109794A3 (fr) 2012-02-23

Family

ID=44542869

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2011/027280 Ceased WO2011109765A2 (fr) 2010-03-05 2011-03-04 Luminaire, appareil de rattrapage et de conversion pour recycler, condenser et diffuser de la lumière
PCT/US2011/027322 Ceased WO2011109794A2 (fr) 2010-03-05 2011-03-05 Systèmes, procédés et appareil pour un réflecteur de lumière

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2011/027280 Ceased WO2011109765A2 (fr) 2010-03-05 2011-03-04 Luminaire, appareil de rattrapage et de conversion pour recycler, condenser et diffuser de la lumière

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (2) WO2011109765A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012104779A1 (de) 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Sumolight Gmbh Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Scheinwerfer
WO2017014700A1 (fr) * 2015-07-23 2017-01-26 Çöp Evren Éclairage de tube de lampe à del émettant de la lumière à 360°, mis sous boîtier en fibre de carbone, équipé d'un liquide de refroidissement et d'un ventilateur
US20170115548A1 (en) * 2015-10-26 2017-04-27 Linkedin Corporation Speed ring for photographic lighting apparatus
WO2018230540A1 (fr) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 シーシーエス株式会社 Dispositif d'éclairage
EP3899602A4 (fr) * 2018-12-20 2022-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Film de commande de lumière avec film tournant et diffuseur lenticulaire pour amélioration de vue dans le plan horizontal

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2949844B2 (ja) * 1990-11-30 1999-09-20 大日本印刷株式会社 反射型映写スクリーン
US5668662A (en) * 1994-05-12 1997-09-16 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Front projection screen with lenticular front surface
US20060171164A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2006-08-03 Akira Kida Optical film structure, illlumination apparatus and liquid crystal display device
WO2004104694A1 (fr) * 2003-05-26 2004-12-02 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Ecran de type a reflexion
KR100714975B1 (ko) * 2005-10-07 2007-05-07 박현룡 탈착식 스트레치 램프 커버장치
KR20080054179A (ko) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-17 삼성전자주식회사 백라이트 유닛 및 이를 구비한 액정표시장치
JP5056042B2 (ja) * 2007-02-08 2012-10-24 船井電機株式会社 液晶表示装置
CN101464596B (zh) * 2007-12-21 2012-02-01 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 光学板和背光模组

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011109765A3 (fr) 2011-12-08
WO2011109765A2 (fr) 2011-09-09
WO2011109794A3 (fr) 2012-02-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8400714B2 (en) Systems, methods, and apparatus for a light reflector
US7142360B2 (en) Projection screen and projection system containing same
US6785048B2 (en) Rear-projection screen and rear-projection image display
US8274626B2 (en) Diffuser prism sheet with light diffusing element on valley region, LCD back light unit including the same, and LCD device including the same
US8177408B1 (en) Light filtering directional control element and light fixture incorporating the same
CN207216263U (zh) 全反射屏幕和投影系统
US7324277B2 (en) Both-side image film screen
EP3663852B1 (fr) Écran à réflexion totale et système de projection
CN110244508B (zh) 屏幕和投影系统
US12099287B2 (en) Transparent projection screen, and manufacturing method for same
US20080137346A1 (en) Optical sheet and display device
CN102667618B (zh) 具有高对比度的正投影屏幕
KR100808328B1 (ko) 광 확산판
US20050248843A1 (en) Reflex-type screen
KR20150012091A (ko) 광학 렌즈 모듈 및 백라이트 유닛
WO2011109794A2 (fr) Systèmes, procédés et appareil pour un réflecteur de lumière
US20120013851A1 (en) Front projection screen with high contrast
CN109388014B (zh) 投影屏幕和投影系统
CN111624843A (zh) 一种光学投影屏幕及投影系统
US7679823B2 (en) Reflective screen
JPH09211729A (ja) 反射型スクリーン
JP2010204573A (ja) 反射スクリーン、映像表示システム
US20070248811A1 (en) Projection screen
TW200422766A (en) Rear projection screen and rear projection display apparatus
US20050180005A1 (en) Screen and projection system including the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11751486

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2