WO2011160364A1 - 一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器 - Google Patents

一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011160364A1
WO2011160364A1 PCT/CN2010/077861 CN2010077861W WO2011160364A1 WO 2011160364 A1 WO2011160364 A1 WO 2011160364A1 CN 2010077861 W CN2010077861 W CN 2010077861W WO 2011160364 A1 WO2011160364 A1 WO 2011160364A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
seat
ring
self
needle seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2010/077861
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江小惠
林作钱
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to RU2013101551/14A priority Critical patent/RU2531142C2/ru
Priority to EP10853503.0A priority patent/EP2583703B1/en
Priority to US13/806,647 priority patent/US9566392B2/en
Priority to MA35470A priority patent/MA34322B1/fr
Priority to PL10853503T priority patent/PL2583703T3/pl
Priority to JP2013515666A priority patent/JP5816278B2/ja
Priority to ES10853503.0T priority patent/ES2652326T3/es
Priority to CA2804299A priority patent/CA2804299C/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2010355916A priority patent/AU2010355916B2/en
Priority to MX2012015287A priority patent/MX344996B/es
Priority to BR112012032445-4A priority patent/BR112012032445B1/pt
Publication of WO2011160364A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160364A1/zh
Priority to TNP2012000594A priority patent/TN2012000594A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/323—Connection between plunger distal end and needle hub proximal end, e.g. stud protruding from the plunger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/34—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub
    • A61M5/344—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub using additional parts, e.g. clamping rings or collets

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to a medical device, and in particular to a disposable, self-destructing insulin syringe.
  • the thrust must be increased a little, which makes the speed of the liquid entering the human body faster, causing pain to the patient; there are also some self-destructive insulin syringes, which only wear the rubber piston after use. Holes; in addition, some syringes will be equipped with a protective device to avoid the injury of the human body during the operation due to the exposure of the needle, and it has not achieved the purpose of self-destruction. Since the inner diameter of the syringe of the insulin syringe is small, it is not easy to set a reasonable self-destruct mechanism in the syringe of the smaller inner diameter.
  • the needle of the existing insulin syringe is mostly fixed with the syringe and cannot be replaced at will. Needle specifications can not meet the different needs of the majority of patients. The market has not yet developed a self-destructing insulin syringe that can change the needle size at will and retract the needle into the syringe after the injection.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a needle specification that can be replaced at will.
  • the needle can be retracted to the insulin syringe in the syringe after the injection is completed.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the utility model relates to a needle-changing self-destructing insulin injector, which comprises a syringe, a push rod, a rubber plug and a needle seat.
  • the front end of the push rod is connected with a frustum through a card core, and the needle seat and the front end of the syringe are detachably connected, and the needle seat is inside
  • a needle holder with a needle is arranged, and a sealing type 0 elastic sealing ring is arranged between the needle seat and the needle seat, wherein: the needle barrel is provided with a coupling needle seat matched with the needle seat, and the coupling needle seat is supported by the support seat Fixed at the front end of the syringe, the needle seat is extended downward to form a fixing ring, and the upper end of the coupling needle seat is formed with a snap ring, the snap ring extends into the inner hole of the fixing ring and is engaged with the fixing ring, and the hole wall of the inner hole of the needle seat is coupled The upper
  • the needle holder is also formed with a round table in the fixing ring.
  • the inner wall of the retaining ring is tapered with the outer wall of the snap ring.
  • the rubber plug is of a hollow type, and the push rod is provided with a tapered surface supporting the inner hole of the rubber plug and a stopper pushed against the rubber plug.
  • the needle seat is screwed to the front end of the syringe, and the inner wall of the needle seat is provided with a stop that is limited to the front end of the syringe.
  • the stopper has a cross shape or a plurality of convex rib shapes.
  • the needle holder and the syringe are detachably connected, the needles of different specifications can be replaced as needed, and the needle holder can be retracted to the syringe after the injection is completed, because the inner wall of the fixing ring and the outer wall of the snap ring are The taper fit keeps the liquid seal between the two and prevents liquid leakage.
  • the stop on the push rod is designed as a cross or a plurality of ribs, effective Reduce the compression force of the stopper to the rubber plug, and prevent the rubber plug from being severely deformed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the unused state of the syringe
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pumping state
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the injection is completed
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the needle begins to retract
  • Figure 6 is a partial view showing the state in which the needle is retracted into the syringe
  • Figure 7 is a partial view of the push rod being locked
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the state of self-destruction
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the push rod
  • 10a to 10c are cross-sectional views taken along line A-A of Fig. 9;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 7;
  • Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a needle holder
  • Figure 15 is a top plan view of the needle hub.
  • the present invention comprises a hollow cylinder 1, a push rod 2 sliding in the barrel, a rubber plug 3 mounted on the front end of the push rod, and a needle holder 4 mounted on the front end of the barrel 1 4 is detachable connection with the front end of the syringe.
  • the detachable connection is a threaded connection.
  • other methods such as clamping may be adopted.
  • a sheath 40 is mounted on the outer circumference of the head of the needle holder 4, In order to prevent the needle from being damaged, wounding and returning to the head of the needle after the injection, the residual liquid is not leaked.
  • the inner wall of the needle hub 4 is provided with a stop 33 which is limited to the front end of the syringe.
  • the needle holder 4 is provided with a needle holder 5 for mounting a needle, and a sealing water type 0 elastic sealing ring 6 is arranged between the needle holder 5 and the needle holder 4 to prevent the injection liquid from leaking out of the syringe, and the outer circumference of the needle holder 5 is along the same
  • At least three reinforcing ribs 30 are arranged in the axial direction (see FIG. 14 and FIG.
  • the needle cylinder is provided with the needle holder 5.
  • the coupling hub 7 is provided with an inner hole through which the injection liquid passes.
  • the coupling needle holder 7 is supported and fixed at the front end of the syringe by the support base 8.
  • the upper end of the coupling needle holder 7 is formed with a snap ring 10, and the snap ring 10 is inserted.
  • the inner ring of the fixing ring 9 is engaged with the fixing ring 9 , and the inner wall of the fixing ring 9 is tapered with the outer wall of the snap ring 10 .
  • the inner hole of the retaining ring presses the round table 32 inwardly. , can keep the liquid seal between the two to prevent liquid leakage.
  • a latching groove 11 is formed on the outer side of the upper end of the snap ring 10.
  • the wall of the hole of the fixing ring is provided with a projection 12 corresponding to the slot 11 (see FIG. 14).
  • a large groove 13 is defined in the hole wall of the inner hole of the coupling needle seat 7.
  • the upper end of the support seat 8 extends into the inner hole of the coupling needle seat, and is formed with a first elastic pawl 14 gathered toward the center, and the upper end of the upper end of the support base 8 is provided.
  • the lower end of the coupling pin 7 is formed with a first elastic claw 16, and the number of the first elastic claws 16 is At least two.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a small recess 17 into which the first elastic claw can be embedded, and a skirt shoulder 18 is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the support base 8.
  • the shoulder 18 is opposite to the first elastic claw 16 to make the first elastic
  • the pawl 16 falls into the small recess 17 to fix the lower end of the coupling hub, and the support base 8 is pressed against the coupling hub 7 and the inner wall of the barrel to be fixed to the front end of the barrel.
  • the push rod 2 is provided with a tapered surface 31 for supporting the inner hole of the rubber stopper 3.
  • the rubber plug is compressed and deformed by the injection liquid to move the push rod 2 forward, and the tapered surface 31 supports the inner hole of the rubber plug. Produces a snug force to ensure that the positive pressure does not leak.
  • the front end of the push rod 2 is connected to the frustum 20 through the core 19, and after the injection is completed, the frustum 20 is engaged with the first elastic pawl 14, and the rubber plug 3 is hollow.
  • the push rod 2 is provided with a stopper 21 that pushes against the bottom surface of the rubber stopper 3.
  • the stopper 21 also functions as a fixed rubber plug 3, and the front end of the rubber plug is attached to the 0-bit line before pumping, so that the push rod 2 Liquid or blood draw capacity standards, from exhaust difficulties.
  • the reaction force generated by the injection solution and the thrust of the stopper 21 are compressed and deformed.
  • the frustum 20 at the front end of the push rod extends forward in the axial direction of the push rod, and the frustum 20 can be combined with the first elastic spine after the injection is completed.
  • the claws 14 are engaged.
  • the stopper 21 has a cross shape or a plurality of convex rib shapes (Fig. 10a to Fig. 10c), a cross shape or a plurality of convex rib-shaped stoppers. It can reduce the contact area with the rubber plug (compared to the shape of the round table), and achieve the purpose of reducing the compression force.
  • the push rod 2 is provided below the rubber plug 3 with a round table 22, and the round table 22 is provided with a second elastic pawl 23 extending obliquely to the inner wall of the barrel, and the end of the barrel is provided with an enlarged diameter portion 24 a slanting step 26 is provided at a transition between the non-diameter increasing portion 25 and the enlarged diameter portion 24 of the syringe, and a recess 27 at which the second elastic pawl 23 can be engaged when the pull-down push rod is disposed under the inclined step 26, the diameter
  • the enlarged portion 24 is provided with a retaining ring 28 which can abut against the bottom of the truncated cone 22.
  • the upper end of the retaining ring 28 is provided with a second elastic strut 29 which is gathered toward the center and can abut against the bottom of the truncated cone 22.
  • the pawl tip of the second elastic pawl 23 is inclined at an oblique angle toward the front end of the syringe, and the retaining ring 28 is dynamically matched with the inner wall of the enlarged diameter end portion 24 of the syringe, and is movable up and down in the axial direction, and the upper end of the retaining ring 28 can abut against the truncated cone 22 bottom.
  • the push rod 2 When the injection is completed, the push rod 2 is pulled to move toward the bottom of the syringe, and the bottom plane of the round table 22 on the push rod 2 hits the top end of the second elastic claw 29 of the retaining ring 28 installed inside the syringe 1. Thereby, the retaining ring 28 is moved downward, and the push rod 2 is continued downward.
  • the elastic pawl 23 passes over the inclined step 26, the elastic state returns to the original natural state by itself, and the claw tip of the second elastic pawl 23 is stuck.
  • the groove 27 below the inclined step 26 reaches the purpose of locking the push rod.
  • this is the state in which the push rod 2 is mounted in the syringe, at which time the rubber stopper 3 has been pushed to the bottom, and the frustum 20 has not passed through the first elastic pawl 14, such as As shown in Figure 3, this is the pumping state; as shown in Figure 4, the injection is completed, due to the thrust At this time, the inertia continues to push forward against the push rod 2, and at this time, the stopper 21 compresses the rubber plug in the axial direction of the push rod, so that the frustum 20 at the front end of the push rod extends forward and engages with the first elastic pawl 14; As shown in FIG. 2, this is the state in which the push rod 2 is mounted in the syringe, at which time the rubber stopper 3 has been pushed to the bottom, and the frustum 20 has not passed through the first elastic pawl 14, such as As shown in Figure 3, this is the pumping state; as shown in Figure 4, the injection is completed, due to the thrust At this time, the inerti
  • the push rod is pulled downward, and the first elastic pawl 14 of the frustum 20 pushing against the support base drives the support base 8 to slide down, so that the first elastic claw 16 on the coupling needle seat is separated from the inner wall of the syringe.
  • the support base 8 is restrained by the outer boss 15 and the lower step of the large groove 13 of the coupling needle seat (see FIG. 13).
  • the push rod is continuously pulled down, and the support base 8 drives the coupling needle seat 7
  • the coupling needle seat 7 drives the needle holder 5 to slide down, and the needle is retracted into the syringe.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器
技术领域
本发明属于一种医疗器具，具体地属于一种一次性使用的可换针 自毁式胰岛素注射器。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高， 糖尿病发病率呈不断上升趋势。 据 统计， 目前我国糖尿病患者近 4000万人， 研究显示早期注射胰岛素 治疗有利于保护患者的胰岛 β 细胞的功能及阻止并发症的发生， 因 此治疗糖尿病的最主要手段是注射胰岛素。现有的胰岛素注射器， 普 遍存在着可重复使用的问题， 并且加工的报废率很高； 目前市场上也 有些自锁式胰岛素注射器， 但注射过程中， 手推的力不一致， 在药液 注射快完的时候， 推力必须要增大一点， 这使药液进入人体的瞬间速 度加快， 给患者带来了痛苦； 也有一些自毁式的胰岛素注射器， 在使 用完后只是把橡胶活塞穿了个小孔；另外有些注射器上会设有保护装 置， 以避免在操作过程中因针头外露而扎伤人体， 根本没有达到本质 上的自毁目的。 由于胰岛素注射器针筒内径较小， 因此要在较小内径 的针筒内设置合理的自毁机构并不是一样容易的事情，另外现有胰岛 素注射器的针头大都与针筒固定在一起， 不能随意更换针头规格， 满 足不了广大患者的不同的需求。目前市场尚未开发出一种既能随意更 换针头规格又能在注射完毕后将针头回缩到针筒内的自毁式胰岛素 注射器。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种既能随意更换针头规格 又能在注射完毕后将针头回缩到针筒内的胰岛素注射器。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器，包括针筒、推杆、胶塞、针座， 推杆前端通过卡芯连接有锥台， 针座与针筒前端为可拆式连接， 针座 内设有安装针头的针头座，针头座与针座之间设有封水 0型弹性密封 圈， 其特征在于： 针筒设有与针头座相配合的联接针座， 联接针座由 支撑座支撑固定在针筒前端， 针头座向下延伸成型有固定环， 联接针 座上端成型有卡环， 卡环伸入固定环内孔并与固定环相卡合固定， 联 接针座内孔的孔壁上设有大凹槽， 支撑座上端伸入联接针座内孔， 支 撑座上端成型有向中心聚拢的第一弹性棘爪，支撑座上端外侧设有一 圈凸台， 凸台落在大凹槽内， 并可沿大凹槽上下滑动， 联接针座下端 成型有第一弹性撑爪，相应地针筒内壁设有第一弹性撑爪可嵌入的小 凹槽，支撑座下端外侧设有一圈凸台肩，凸台肩与第一弹性撑爪相抵。
所述针头座在固定环内还成型有圆台， 卡环与固定环组装时， 卡 环内孔向内挤压圆台， 可保持两者之间液密封， 防止液体泄露。
所述固定环的内壁与卡环的外壁为锥度配合。
所述胶塞为中空型，所述推杆上设有支撑胶塞内孔的锥面和推抵 胶塞的挡块。
所述针座与针筒前端为螺纹连接，针座内孔壁上设有与针筒 前端限位的挡台。
所述挡块呈十字形或多条凸筋形。
采用上述结构的注射器， 由于针头座与针筒可拆式连接， 可以根 据需要更换不同规格的针头， 同时注射完毕后针头座可回缩到针筒， 由于固定环的内壁与卡环的外壁为锥度配合， 可保持两者之间液密 封， 防止液体泄漏。 推杆上的挡块设计成十字型或多条凸筋形， 有效 减少挡块向胶塞的压缩力， 防止胶塞压缩变形严重。
附图说明
图 1为本实用新型结构示意图；
图 2为注射器未使用状态剖视图；
图 3为抽液状态的剖视图
图 4为注射完毕状态的剖视图；
图 5为针头开始回缩状态的剖视图；
图 6为针头回缩到针筒内状态的部视图；
图 7为推杆被锁死状态的部视图；
图 8为自毁完毕状态示意图；
图 9为推杆的结构示意图；
图 10a〜图 10c为图 9的 A-A向剖视图；
图 11为图 2的局部放大图；
图 12为图 7的局部放大图；
图 13为图 5的局部放大图；
图 14为针头座的结构示意图；
图 15为针头座的俯视图。
具体实施方式
参见图 1、 图 2， 本发明包括一空心针筒 1、 一在针筒内滑动的 推杆 2、 安装在推杆前端的胶塞 3， 针筒 1的前端安装有针座 4， 针 座 4与针筒前端为可拆式连接，本实施例中可拆式连接采用是螺紋连 接的方式， 当然也可采如卡合等其它方式， 针座 4头部外圆安装一个 护套 40， 以防止针头不碰坏、 伤人和注射结束后套回针座头部， 不 泄露残余的液体。
参见图 11，针座 4的内孔壁上设有与针筒前端限位的挡台 33， 针座 4内设有安装针头的针头座 5， 针头座 5与针座 4之间设有封水 0型弹性密封圈 6， 以防止注射液泄漏到针筒外， 针头座 5外圈沿其 轴向设有至少三条加强筋 30 (参见图 14、 图 15)， 加强筋 30与针座 4内圈配合起固定针座的作用， 针头座 5向下延伸成型有固定环 9， 针头座 5在固定环 9内成型有圆台 32， 圆台 32设有针孔， 圆台 32 保证了注塑时无气泡产生， 并保证针滴胶牢固度及垂直度， 针筒内设 有与针头座 5相配合的联接针座 7， 联接针座 7设有供注射液通过的 内孔， 联接针座 7由支撑座 8支撑固定在针筒前端， 联接针座 7上端 成型有卡环 10，卡环 10伸入固定环 9内孔并与固定环 9相卡合固定， 固定环 9的内壁与卡环 10的外壁为锥度配合，卡环 10与固定环 9组 装时， 卡环内孔向内挤压圆台 32， 可保持两者之间液密封， 防止液 体泄露。 卡环 10上端外侧设有卡槽 11， 相应地固定环内孔的孔壁上 设有与卡槽 11相对应的凸起 12 (参见图 14)。 联接针座 7内孔的孔 壁上设有大凹槽 13， 支撑座 8上端伸入联接针座 Ί内孔， 并成型有 向中心聚拢的第一弹性棘爪 14，支撑座 8上端外侧设有一圈凸台 15， 凸台 15落在大凹槽 13内， 并可沿大凹槽 13上下滑动， 联接针座 7 下端成型有第一弹性撑爪 16， 第一弹性撑爪 16的数量为至少两个。 相应地针筒内壁设第一弹性撑爪可嵌入的小凹槽 17， 支撑座 8下端 外侧设有一圈凸台肩 18， 凸台肩 18与第一弹性撑爪 16相抵， 可使 第一弹性撑爪 16落入小凹槽 17内将联接针座的下端固定， 支撑座 8 与联接针座 7及针筒内壁挤靠在一起固定在针筒前端。
参见图 9， 推杆 2上设有支撑胶塞 3内孔的锥面 31， 当推液时， 胶塞受注射液压缩形变使推杆 2向前运动， 此锥面 31支撑胶塞内孔 产生紧贴力， 保证正压不漏液。 推杆 2前端通过卡芯 19连接有锥台 20， 注射完毕后锥台 20与第一弹性棘爪 14卡合， 胶塞 3为中空型， 推杆 2上设有推抵胶塞 3底面的挡块 21， 挡块 21同时也起到固定胶 塞 3的作用， 在抽液前， 使胶塞前端贴合在 0位线上， 使抽液或抽血 容量标准， 免受排气困难。注射时胶塞受注射液产生的反作用力及挡 块 21的推力压缩形变， 此时推杆前端的锥台 20沿推杆的轴向前伸， 注射完毕后锥台 20能与第一弹性棘爪 14卡合。 为了减少挡块 21向 胶塞的压缩力， 以免胶塞压缩变形严重， 挡块 21呈十字形或多条凸 筋形（图 10a〜图 10c )， 十字形或多条凸筋形的挡块可减少与胶塞的 接触面积 （与园台形的相比）， 达到减少压缩力的目的。
参见图 12， 推杆 2上位于胶塞 3的下方设有圆台 22， 圆台 22上 设有向针筒内壁斜角延伸的第二弹性棘爪 23， 针筒的末端设有直径 增大部分 24， 在针筒非直径增大部分 25与直径增大部分 24的过渡 处设有斜台阶 26， 斜台阶 26下方设有下拉推杆时第二弹性棘爪 23 可卡入的凹槽 27， 直径增大部分 24内设有可抵住圆台 22底部的挡 圈 28， 挡圈 28上端设有向中心聚拢的可抵住圆台 22底部的第二弹 性撑爪 29。 第二弹性棘爪 23的棘爪尖向针筒前端方向斜角上升， 挡 圈 28与针筒末端直径增大部分 24内壁动配， 可沿轴向上下移动， 挡 圈 28上端可抵住圆台 22底部。 当注射完毕后， 拉动推杆 2向针筒底 部方向运动， 推杆 2上的圆台 22的底平面就会碰到安装在针筒 1内 部的挡圈 28的第二弹性撑爪 29的顶端，从而带动挡圈 28向下运动， 向下继续拉推杆 2， 第二弹性棘爪 23在越过斜台阶 26后， 靠自身弹 性恢复到原自然状态，第二弹性棘爪 23的爪尖就会卡入斜台阶 26下 方的凹槽 27， 达到锁死推杆的目的。
本发明在使用时， 首先， 如图 2所示， 此为推杆 2安装在针筒内 状态， 此时胶塞 3已被推到底， 锥台 20尚未穿过第一弹性棘爪 14， 如图 3所示， 此为抽液状态； 如图 4所示， 此时注射完毕， 因推力的 惯性此时继续向前推抵推杆 2， 此时挡块 21沿推杆的轴向压缩胶塞， 使推杆前端的锥台 20前伸并与第一弹性棘爪 14卡合;如图 5所示， 向下用力拉推杆，锥台 20推抵支撑座上的第一弹性棘爪 14带动支撑 座 8下滑， 使联接针座上的第一弹性撑爪 16与针筒内壁脱离， 此时 支撑座 8 由外侧的凸台 15与联接针座大凹槽 13的下台阶配合限位 (参见图 13 )， 如图 6所示， 继续下拉推杆， 支撑座 8带动联接针座 7， 联接针座 7又带动针头座 5下滑， 将针头回缩到针筒内， 如图 7 所示， 再继续下拉推杆， 第二弹性棘爪 23沿斜台阶 26下滑， 此时第 二弹性棘爪 23卡入斜台阶 26下方的凹槽 27内（参见图 12 )， 推杆 2 被锁死。 如图 8所示， 用力折断推杆， 自毁完成， 并立即将针头座的 护套 40套住， 防止残液泄露。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 包括针筒（1)、 推杆（2)、 胶塞 (3)、 针座 （4)， 推杆 （2) 前端通过卡芯 （19) 连接有锥台 （20)， 针座（4) 与针筒前端为可拆式连接， 针座 （4) 内设有安装针头的针 头座（5)，针头座（5)与针座（4)之间设有封水 0型弹性密封圈（6)， 其特征在于： 针筒（1)设有与针头座 (5)相配合的联接针座 (7)， 联接 针座 (7)由支撑座 (8)支撑固定在针筒前端， 针头座 (5)向下延伸成型 有固定环 (9)， 联接针座（7)上端成型有卡环（10)， 卡环（10)伸入固定 环 (9)内孔并与固定环 (9)相卡合固定， 联接针座（7)内孔的孔壁上设 有大凹槽（13)， 支撑座 (8)上端伸入联接针座 (7)内孔， 支撑座 (8)上 端成型有向中心聚拢的第一弹性棘爪 （14)， 支撑座上端外侧设有一 圈凸台 （15)， 凸台 （15) 落在大凹槽 （13) 内， 并可沿大凹槽 （13) 上下滑动， 联接针座 （7)下端成型有第一弹性撑爪（16)， 相应地针 筒内壁设有第一弹性撑爪 （16) 可嵌入的小凹槽 （17)， 支撑座下端 外侧设有一圈凸台肩 （18)， 凸台肩 （18) 与第一弹性撑爪 （16) 相 抵。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特征在 于： 所述针头座（5)在固定环（9)内还成型有圆台（32)， 卡环（10) 与固定环 （9)组装时， 卡环内孔向内挤压圆台 （32)， 可保持两者之 间液密封， 防止液体泄露。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述固定环 （9) 的内壁与卡环 （10) 的外壁为锥度配合。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述胶塞（3)为中空型，所述推杆（2)上设有支撑胶塞（3) 内孔的锥面 （31) 和推抵胶塞的挡块 （21)。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特征在 于： 所述挡块 （21) 呈十字形或多条凸筋形。
6、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述卡环（10)上端外侧设有卡槽（11)， 相应地固定环（9) 内孔的孔壁上设有与卡槽 （11) 相对应的凸起 （12)。
7、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述针座 （4) 与针筒前端为螺紋连接， 针座内孔壁上设有 与针筒前端限位的挡台 （33)。
8、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述联接针座 （7) 下端的第一弹性撑爪 （16) 的数量为至 少两个。
9、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 推杆 （2) 上位于胶塞的下方设有圆台 （22)， 圆台 （22) 上 设有向针筒内壁斜角延伸的第二弹性棘爪 （23)， 针筒的末端设有直 径增大部分（24)，在针筒非直径增大部分（25)与直径增大部分（24) 的过渡处设有斜台阶 （26)， 斜台阶 （26) 下方设有下拉推杆时第二 弹性棘爪 （24) 可卡入的凹槽 （27)。
10、如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种可换针自毁式胰岛素注射器， 其特 征在于： 所述针头座 （5) 外圈沿其轴向设有至少三条加强筋 （30)。
2
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US9566392B2 (en) 2017-02-14
MA34322B1 (fr) 2013-06-01
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AU2010355916A1 (en) 2013-02-14
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EP2583703B1 (en) 2017-10-18
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MX344996B (es) 2017-01-13
RU2531142C2 (ru) 2014-10-20
ES2652326T3 (es) 2018-02-01
MX2012015287A (es) 2014-06-04

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