WO2012000986A1 - Outil coupant, en particulier molette de coupe, et procédé de fabrication d'un outil coupant de ce type à l'aide d'un faisceau laser oblique - Google Patents

Outil coupant, en particulier molette de coupe, et procédé de fabrication d'un outil coupant de ce type à l'aide d'un faisceau laser oblique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012000986A1
WO2012000986A1 PCT/EP2011/060805 EP2011060805W WO2012000986A1 WO 2012000986 A1 WO2012000986 A1 WO 2012000986A1 EP 2011060805 W EP2011060805 W EP 2011060805W WO 2012000986 A1 WO2012000986 A1 WO 2012000986A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting edge
angle
laser beam
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/060805
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinrich Ostendarp
Otto Abich
Siegfried Piontek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bohle AG
Original Assignee
Bohle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2012000986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012000986A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/10—Glass-cutting tools, e.g. scoring tools
    • C03B33/105—Details of cutting or scoring means, e.g. tips
    • C03B33/107—Wheel design, e.g. materials, construction, shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. by grinding, polishing or smoothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K1/00 - B23K28/00 relating to soldering or welding
    • B23K31/025—Connecting cutting edges or the like to tools; Attaching reinforcements to workpieces, e.g. wear-resisting zones to tableware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/24—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising with cutting discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/20—Tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials
    • B23K2103/52—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials
    • B23K2103/54—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/002—Materials or surface treatments therefor, e.g. composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0046—Cutting members therefor rotating continuously about an axis perpendicular to the edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0053—Cutting members therefor having a special cutting edge section or blade section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting tool, in particular cutting wheel and a method for its production.
  • Cutting tools and cutting wheels of the type in question are used in particular for cutting or scoring brittle materials, such as ceramic and / or glass. To increase performance in such processing and
  • Cutting wheels strive for a smooth cutting edge. This allows smooth cutting edges, especially in
  • WO 2009/036742 discloses a cutting wheel with a peripheral structure of protruding teeth
  • Grinding or laser machining generally has the problem of rounding or local breakouts just along the cutting edge and adjacent thereto
  • the invention therefore preferably relates to cutting tools and in particular
  • Laser processing occurs in the prefabricated cutting wheels a rounding already in one compared to
  • the real central cutting edge thereby recedes from the approximated central cutting edge by a distance which in the context of this description is referred to as
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem already prefabricated in the macrogeometry To treat side surfaces of a cutting tool, in particular a cutting wheel, and a cutting edge formed by the side surfaces so that the sharpest possible and uniform surfaces having cutting edge.
  • Cutting edge adjacent area is exposed to a laser beam and in which the laser beam is aligned at a shallow angle to the surface of the side edge.
  • the inventive method can therefore also as
  • Laser grinding or laser smoothing are called. Under a laser beam becomes a directed beam
  • Wavelength does not necessarily have to be in the visible range, but also wavelengths in the infrared or ultraviolet range can be used.
  • the starting point for the present invention are the previously described cutting wheels for working brittle materials, such as ceramic and / or glass. Nevertheless, the invention relates generally to cutting tools, which require a high degree of precision
  • Cutting surfaces and the cutting edges for cutting any materials arrives.
  • tools such as knives, saws, drills, Milling tools, inserts and similar tools
  • Cutting wheels for working brittle materials such as ceramic and / or glass, but the invention is not limited to this application.
  • bumps are smoothed on the two side surfaces of the prefabricated cutting wheel and on the cutting edge, especially in areas with large
  • the effect of smoothing out unevennesses on the two side surfaces and deliberately removing less material at the cutting edge, particularly in areas with large cutting edge roundings, is achieved by guiding the laser beam at a shallow angle, ie relatively tangentially to the surface of the side surfaces of the cutting wheel , Projecting tips on the side surfaces thus provide a large surface for the laser radiation,
  • a low angle is understood to mean angles in an angular range of less than 45 °, preferably of 5 ° to 45 °, in particular 10 ° to 30 °.
  • the exact setting of the angle depends on the boundary conditions such as material, size of the material removal to be achieved, laser power and length, cutting angle and / or radius of the
  • a beam expansion which reduces the focus diameter in the subsequent focusing, here for example to about 10 to 50 ym.
  • the method can lead to an improved geometry of the cutting edge just by the application on a side surface.
  • the invention it is preferred that the invention
  • the method is preferably carried out so that the
  • Laser beam is focused on the cutting edge adjacent area of the side surfaces. As a result, a sufficient removal rate is applied to the cutting wheel in the area important for the quality of the cutting edge. At the same time on the side surfaces at a greater distance from the cutting edge only a smaller and smaller with increasing distance, eventually not sufficient
  • the method described above can be performed with different laser sources, depending on the application and material of the cutting tool or Schneidrädchens
  • the pulsed laser beam has the advantage that within each laser pulse a sufficient power density can be achieved.
  • the side surface of the cutting wheel is only detected selectively and only for a short period of time in each case in the area covered by the focus.
  • the cutting wheel so rotated so that essentially the area of the side surface to be machined is exposed to the laser beam.
  • the cutting wheel can be rotated continuously or in separate steps.
  • the relative position of the laser focus to the side surface can be adjusted continuously or in individual steps.
  • Adjusting the laser beam relative to the side surface ensures that a portion of the side surface which is wider than the focal length, successively with the
  • Angular alignment of the laser beam is achieved a substantially uniform processing of the side surface, even if some areas of the side surfaces are less in focus than others, if the focus is not tracked.
  • the angle of the laser beam during the adjustment of the laser beam relative to the side surface can be changed.
  • Laser beam can be the relative distance of the focus to the
  • Focus distance changed or not tracked so the effect of the laser beam can be changed to different areas of the side surface. For example, it is thus possible to increase the intensity of the laser beam in the region of the cutting edge and in the direction of a larger one
  • the track offset should be chosen so that with one side surface
  • the laser beam can be approximately on the
  • the parameter values are determined from a three-dimensional measurement of the spatial profile of a section of the cutting edge.
  • the measuring range has, for example, and the invention not
  • the white light interferometer can be used for this, which can determine the spatial course of the side surfaces and the cutting edge with an accuracy of approximately 1 ⁇ m. Is preferably the confocal
  • the lateral resolution is depending on the lens about lym or less than lym
  • the invention first relates to a cutting tool
  • the side surfaces have an average cutting angle to each other, which is determined by the angle of two sections which are bounded on both sides of the cutting edge of the cutting edge to a first distance to the cutting edge, and that the angle between two sections of the
  • this area is steeper so sharper than the adjoining part of the side surfaces.
  • the invention also relates to a cutting tool, in particular cutting wheel for cutting brittle materials,
  • ceramic and / or glass with two at a predetermined angle to each other extending side surfaces and with a cutting edge formed by the side surfaces, which is characterized in that the cutting edge has a straightness deviation of less than 2 ym, in particular less than 1 ym.
  • the measured spatial progression of the cutting edge is compared with an interpolated linear course of the cutting edge.
  • the section of the highest elevation ie the largest elevation values, is first determined on the basis of the line of the recorded measurement data running transversely to the cutting edge, and its center is defined as the position of the cutting edge in this line. From this results from the measurement data over a length of approx. 500 ym the real course of the
  • an interpolated, ie smoothed, linear curve is first determined. Then, for each measured value of the course of the cutting edge, the distance to the interpolated linear course is calculated and the
  • Standard deviation of the real progression from the interpolated curve then represents the value of the straight-line deviation.
  • the stated values according to the invention of less than 2 ⁇ m and in particular less than 1 ⁇ m for the straightness deviation have the advantage that the cutting line of such a tool runs so straight that the disturbance introduced during cutting into the material of the workpiece to be cut extends along that contained in the material Structures can spread. Thus, the cutting, so the
  • Separating the material can be done easier and with less force.
  • the precision of the cutting is thereby also improved.
  • the invention further relates to a cutting tool
  • the formed cutting edge characterized in that the cutting edge has a cutting edge waviness of less than 0.5 ym, in particular less than 0.3 ym.
  • the measured spatial progression of the cutting edge is compared with a circular arc approximated to an interpolated course of the cutting edge.
  • the section of the highest elevation ie the largest elevation values, is first determined on the basis of the line of the recorded measurement data running in each transverse to the cutting edge. This results, for example, over a length of about 500 ym, the real course of the cutting edge as a result of
  • Course is - in the case of a round cutting tool like a cutting wheel - approximated a circular arc, which represents the ideal radial course of the cutting edge.
  • a straight line is approximated to the interpolated course.
  • the distance to the approximated ideal path is calculated, and the standard deviation of the real path from the approximate path then represents the value of the cutting edge waviness.
  • the indicated values of the cutting edge waviness of less than 0.5 ⁇ m, in particular of less than 0.3 ⁇ m, have the advantage that the cutting edge deviates so little from an ideal cutting edge in the direction transverse to the snow direction that during the cutting process the cutting edge is uniform can penetrate the workpiece to be cut. For a cutting wheel this means that the cutting edge deviates very little from an ideal arc.
  • the invention also relates to a cutting tool
  • the cutting edge truncation represents a measure of how far the average of the measured data in radial Direction determined maximum values of the real cutting edge in the middle deviates from the radial course of the central cutting edge.
  • the course of the mean cutting edge results from the intersection of the two averaged spatial
  • Cutting result results because the cutting edge causes the first contact with the surface of the workpiece to be cut at a more acute angle.
  • the invention further relates to a cutting tool, in particular cutting wheels for cutting brittle
  • the starting distance of the cutting edge rounding is determined by starting from the cutting edge in the case of the real average over the measuring range and, depending on the distance to this left and right, determining the local slope. From the slope progression defined in this way, depending on the distance to the cutting edge, the local
  • This distance value is the starting distance of the cutting edge rounding. In other words, starting at the starting distance from the cutting edge, the rounding of the cutting edge begins. The position of the
  • Starting distance can also be optionally determined on both sides and the mean then used as the starting distance.
  • Cutting edge formed. At each cutting edge, there is a transition between the two side surfaces, where at one point the cutting angle is 180 °. Since this angle of 180 ° can not be detected metrologically, the starting distance is defined as a measure to characterize the extent of the rounding of the cutting edge. However, the narrower the transition region is formed, the sharper the cutting edge.
  • the cutting wheel has a starting distance of less than 4 ym and in particular less than 2 ym.
  • the area of the rounding of the cutting edge represents only a small proportion of the above-mentioned scribe width.
  • the advantageous effect is thus further improved at values of less than 2 ym.
  • the values of the starting distance to be achieved also depend on the material structure of the material of the cutting tool. The previously described embodiments of the invention have been described for a continuous cutting edge.
  • the cutting edge is provided with a sequence of teeth and interdental spaces and that the properties of the cutting edge explained above apply at least to the teeth.
  • the invention is based on
  • FIG. 1 is a cutting wheel in a side view
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for a third
  • Fig. 6 is an input image of a three-dimensional
  • Fig. 11 is another diagram for explaining the
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram for explaining the parameter of
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the parameter of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the parameter of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view
  • the cutting wheel 2 has in this example rotational symmetry with respect to an axis A. which is used as the rotation axis of the cutting wheel 2 during the cutting operation.
  • the cutting edge 4 is of two wedge-shaped in axial cross-section side surfaces 6a, 6b, respectively
  • Truncated cone shape formed.
  • the side surfaces 6a, 6b include a cutting edge angle X between them.
  • the cutting edge angle X may be, for example 135 ° in the cutting wheel of FIG.
  • the cutting wheel 2 may further be made of a polycrystalline material, in particular polycrystalline diamond material or of a hard metal, for example tungsten carbide.
  • the cutting edge 4 Due to the convergence of the side surfaces 6a, 6b, the cutting edge 4 also forms a peripheral line, which in the
  • a plane 8 in this representation perpendicular to the plane considered and therefore spanned as a line.
  • the plane 8 of the circumferential line in the present case runs perpendicular to the cutting wheel axis A.
  • the cutting edge 4 shown in Fig. 1 is formed continuously, the cutting edge 4 thus extends along a line and can thus at any angular position in the
  • the cutting edge can also be formed with teeth and interdental spaces, so that a regular or irregular tooth structure is given.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a
  • the middle dotted line 10 shows the axis of the laser beam, while the slightly curved lines 12 and 14 illustrate the waist of the focus F of the laser beam.
  • the focus of the laser beam is in the area of the cutting edge 4, ie at the upper end of the triangle-like line. In this position meets the
  • the axis of the laser beam is opposite the right one
  • Slope angle is flat and less than 45 °, in particular between 5 ° and 45 ° can be adjusted.
  • angle ⁇ is slightly more than 15 ° have been chosen.
  • Cutting wheel in the region of the cutting edge 4 is the relative position of the focus F to recognize as an elongated oval.
  • the light spot can be seen on the surface.
  • the oval is shown in dashed lines to the symmetrical
  • the oval is all the more stretched, the shallower the angle of the axis of the laser beam is set to the surface. This distributes the focus of the laser beam
  • the laser beam must not be too low
  • the effect is that in the region of the cutting edge, approximately over half a focal length, the entry of light energy is lower overall than in areas further away from the cutting edge 4 when the laser beam is positioned and focused there. Presumably by this effect and the so
  • Cutting edge 4 immediately adjacent area a more acute cutting angle as calculated over a larger area of the side surface 6a, 6b mean cutting angle. This feature will be further explained below. This effect is probably based on the described
  • the angle of incidence may but for the inventive
  • Fig. 3 shows another constellation. Here is the
  • the axis 10 of the laser beam at an angle 2 of about 30 ° to the side surface 6a.
  • Procedures are varied.
  • areas of the side surface 6a that are larger than the extent of the focus of the laser beam can be processed by the
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention, in which the oval-shaped impingement region of the focus of the laser beam is positioned in separate tracks on the side surface 6a during the rotation of the cutting wheel.
  • the spaced tracks are shown with the vertical arrows and numbered from n-4 to n + 2.
  • the laser beam is applied sequentially to each of these tracks
  • the oval focus has a width of about 20 ym and a length of about 120 ym, so a to the approximately 6 times greater length. If the tracks are at a distance of approx. 10-20 ym, then the entire side surface is lowered
  • FIG. 5 shows another example of a cutting wheel, which is processed by the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 can be understood as a cross section of the same cutting wheel, in which the illustrated cross section shows a region with a tooth projecting up to the cutting edge 4, while Fig. 5 shows the interdental space between two teeth.
  • Cutting edge 4 ' is arranged and / or by the angle of the laser beam is increased within the possible limits.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Another difference to FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the scaling of the illustrated diagram shows a greater width of the cutting wheel over slightly more than 600 ym.
  • the laser to be used must always be adapted to the application. Therefore, the following description of laser parameters is purely exemplary.
  • the performance of for the Machining of the cutting wheel used in polydiamantenem material shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is at a maximum of 2.8 watts at 500 kHz and a
  • the resulting local pulse spacing between two successive pulses is approximately 0.25 ⁇ m, which is far below a beam diameter.
  • the individual pulses can thus not be recognized on the laser-machined cutting wheel surface, that is to say the side surface, or only to a very limited extent.
  • Figs. 6 to 15 show measured data and evaluations of
  • Cutting wheels have a rather large cutting angle of about 140 °. Nevertheless, the invention is not on
  • Fig. 6 shows a three-dimensional structure of a
  • Three-dimensional height structure was determined by white-light interferometry using confocal microscopy.
  • the measured structure reproduces, with an accuracy in the range of approximately 1 ⁇ m, the three-dimensional shape of a section of the cutting edge whose quality and quality is to be determined.
  • the individual pixels each indicate a specific value for the respectively associated subarea on the surface.
  • the lateral resolution was approx. lym or less than lym
  • the gray levels in FIG. 6 represent different height values, wherein the same gray levels do not represent the same height values at the lower edge and at the cutting edge.
  • the black-and-white representation has been obtained from a colored representation, with red colors at the cutting edge and blue colors at the bottom, which gave the same gray tones in the black and white representation.
  • the cutting wheel is therefore arranged as centrally as possible.
  • the horizontal position of the cutting edge or the vertical position of the cutting wheel axis is searched for in the input image and thus symmetrically the
  • FIG. 7 shows an evaluation for a prefabricated cutting wheel known from the prior art. Shown is the height difference between the measured geometry of the
  • Fig. 7 two vertical lines are shown in Fig. 7, which are located at a predetermined distance from the left and right edge of the evaluation area. These lines symbolize the expected scribe distance of +/- 10 ym and +/- 20 ym, ie the area of the cutting edge and the side surfaces used for the scoring of the material
  • the scratch distance thus represents the
  • Fig. 8 shows the same evaluation for one with a
  • Fig. 7 more regular structure of the gray scale can be seen that the side surfaces are much smoother. In addition, it can be seen in the area of the cutting edge that it differs only slightly from the ideal shape. The cutting edge is thus significantly sharper than the prefabricated
  • the straightness deviation of the cutting edge can be determined as an important parameter.
  • the cutting edge is first determined by the horizontal position of the highest points of each line
  • Evaluation area defined. Because the cutting edge depending on Alignment of the input image partially passes diagonally through the evaluation, determines the
  • FIG. 9a shows the profile of the position of the cutting edge derived from the measurement data according to FIG. 2 in each row over a range of 500 ⁇ m.
  • a curve running in steps of measuring resolution of about 1 ym can be seen, which is slightly inclined
  • Fig. 9a further shows a linear interpolation of
  • Interpolation can also be done through a low-pass filter
  • Standard deviation ie the distance of the dashed line from the zero line in Fig. 9b, is then taken as the value for the straightness deviation.
  • the cutting edge accordingly has a straight-line deviation of less than 2 ⁇ m, in particular approximately 1 ⁇ m. This value can be further improved by the parameters of the invention Processing of the side surfaces and the cutting edge can be optimized.
  • Fig. 10 thus represents the radial
  • the wavy curve 32 which extends at a distance below the measured values, represents the averaged cutting edge. From this approximation, the average cutting edge becomes an ideal round wheel with flat side surfaces
  • FIG. 11 now shows the deviations of the measured values of the curve 30 in FIG. 10 from that at the interpolated cutting edge
  • Cutting edge ripple represents.
  • the cutting edge thus has a cutting edge waviness of less than 0.3 ym, in particular of about 0.2 ym.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 show evaluations which are directed to the sharpness of the cutting edge 4 and serve to
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 give evaluation results for the im
  • process according to the invention processed cutting wheel again.
  • Cutter flanks are represented by two equalization lines that meet at the cutting edge.
  • the curve 42 represents the line-average averaged shape of the cutting edge, the average shape of the cutting edge being obtained from all the lines, passing through all the "pixels" of the image that are the same
  • the height value is averaged. It was considered that the
  • FIG. 13 shows the corresponding line 52 for the cutting wheel processed by the method according to the invention.
  • Two different averaging methods are preferably used.
  • the line-average averaged shape of the cutting edge is represented by the values of the measured profile with respect to the maximum value in each line, i. determined based on a non-straightened cutting edge.
  • Cutting edge shape approximated circular arc determined.
  • the approximate circular arc shape has been described above with reference to FIG.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show this curve and the measured course of a line.
  • the line-wise averaged cutting edge shape 42 deviates from the ideal shape, in particular in the region of the cutting edge.
  • Fig. 13 shows averaged line by line
  • Cutting edge mold 52 for the cutting wheel machined by the method according to the invention which projects beyond the shape of the geometry approximating the ideal round and unstructured cutting wheel in the region of the cutting edge.
  • Cutting edge blunting for Fig. 13 is negative.
  • both curves would be identical and the cutting edge blunting would be zero.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show an evaluation of the angles of the measured cutting edge averaged over all lines in comparison to a geometry approximated to an ideally round and unstructured cutting wheel. This approximate geometry has been explained with reference to FIG. The scaling has been chosen the same in both diagrams, so that the curves of the individual curves can be directly compared with each other.
  • the dash-dot line 60 and 70 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 at an angle of approximately 138 ° in FIG. 14 and of approximately 141 ° represents the cutting edge angle spanned in the approximate geometry between the two edge regions.
  • the lines 62 and 72 drawn in FIGS. 14 and 15 represent the cumulative cutting angle.
  • the height value of the cutting edge averaged over all lines is first calculated. Thereafter, the mean vertical value on the side surface, which is averaged over all rows, is determined on both sides of the edge of the snow at equal intervals on the right and left.
  • the cumulative angle is then the angle defined by the two straight lines between the averaged height value of the cutting edge and the two averaged values in the
  • Cutting angle is to be interpreted as follows.
  • the width of the curve 62 gives an indication that the cumulative cutting angle already increases sharply from +/- 20 ym and at +/- 10 ym exceeds the angle of about 150 °, ie becomes flatter.
  • the shallower angles are therefore a measure of the blunting of the cutting edge.
  • the scribe width is considerably lower compared to scribing thick glasses. If the scribe width to the left and to the right of the cutting edge is, for example, only 10 ⁇ m, the edge angle coming into contact with the glass in FIG. 14 is slightly more than 151 °, with a scratch width left and right of the cutting edge of 20 ⁇ m about 144 °. In addition, in FIG. 15, significantly lower fluctuations in the surface structure occur.
  • the first 2 pixels in the immediate vicinity of the cutting edge are not filtered (first pixel) or only with a 2X1 low-pass filter (second pixel).
  • the starting distance of the cutting edge rounding which defines the distance to the cutting edge at which the continuous curve 66 and 76, starting from the cutting edge for the first time reached a value of 1 degree above the dashed curve 60 and 70, respectively. This value is additionally marked with a cross. For distances to the cutting edge, which are smaller than this starting distance of the cutting edge rounding, the local cutting angle is thus continuously more than 1 ° larger than the middle, to the ideal
  • Cutting edge shape approximate cutting angle. This is interpreted as meaning that the rounding of the cutting edge starts from this point. From Fig. 14 it can be seen that the starting point of the cutting edge rounding for the prefabricated cutting wheel is at values of +/- 7 - 10 ym. In contrast, the value of the starting point of the cutting edge rounding in the cutting wheel machined by the method according to the invention according to FIG. 15 is at values of +/- 3-4 ⁇ m. This value also represents a measure of the sharpness and accuracy of the cutting edge. The following can also be read from FIG. 15. The side surfaces have a middle
  • Cutting angle to each other which are limited by the angle of two sections, which are on both sides of the cutting edge of the cutting edge to a first distance, here about +/- 250 ym to the cutting edge. This corresponds to the width of the input image and the angle corresponds to the mean cutting angle of the line 70.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil coupant, en particulier une molette de coupe, et un procédé de fabrication d'un outil coupant de ce type. Pour lisser les surfaces (6a, 6b) et pour affûter l'arête de coupe (4), on met en œuvre un procédé selon lequel au moins une face latérale est sollicitée par un faisceau laser au moins dans une zone adjacente à l'arête de coupe (4), et selon lequel le faisceau laser est orienté selon un angle aigu par rapport à la surface de l'arête latérale (4). On peut ainsi fabriquer des outils coupants présentant des propriétés améliorées, qui respectent au moins un des paramètres suivants : déviation rectilinéaire inférieure à 2 μm, en particulier inférieure à 1 μm, ondulation de l'arête de coupe inférieure à 0,5 μm, en particulier inférieure à 0,3 µm, émoussement négatif de l'arête de coupe et/ou écart initial de l'arrondi du tranchant inférieur à 4 µm, en particulier inférieur à 2 μm.
PCT/EP2011/060805 2010-06-28 2011-06-28 Outil coupant, en particulier molette de coupe, et procédé de fabrication d'un outil coupant de ce type à l'aide d'un faisceau laser oblique Ceased WO2012000986A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010017625.7 2010-06-28
DE102010017625A DE102010017625A1 (de) 2010-06-28 2010-06-28 Schneidwerkzeug, insbesondere Schneidrädchen und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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WO2012000986A1 true WO2012000986A1 (fr) 2012-01-05

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013220525A (ja) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-28 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp 切削工具およびその製造方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013114659B4 (de) * 2013-12-20 2017-03-16 Phitea GmbH Vorrichtung zum schneidenden und/oder spanenden Bearbeiten eines Objektes
JP6746128B2 (ja) * 2016-05-24 2020-08-26 三星ダイヤモンド工業株式会社 カッターホイール
EP3881968A1 (fr) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-22 Fraisa SA Procédé de détermination de l'état d'usure d'un outil

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JPS5973189A (ja) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-25 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 表面溶削法
EP0446811A1 (fr) * 1990-03-10 1991-09-18 Onoda Cement Company, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour lisser des diamants et produit de diamant utilisant ledit procédé
JPH06170571A (ja) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-21 Kohan Kogyo Kk ダイヤモンドのレーザ研磨方法および装置ならびにそれを利用したダイヤモンド製品
EP0773194B1 (fr) 1995-11-06 2001-07-04 Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. Molette à couper le verre
JP2007152936A (ja) * 2005-11-09 2007-06-21 Nikken Dia:Kk 脆性材料用のホイールカッター
WO2008087612A1 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-24 Dutch Diamond Technologies B.V. Disque de coupe pour traçage d'une ligne de découpe
WO2009036743A1 (fr) 2007-09-22 2009-03-26 Bohle Ag Procédé de réalisation de roulettes de coupe
WO2009036742A1 (fr) 2007-09-22 2009-03-26 Bohle Ag Roulette de coupe

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WO1990012026A1 (fr) * 1989-04-03 1990-10-18 Native Plants Incorporated PLAN DE LIAISONS CARACTERISTIQUES DE $i(BRASSICA)

Patent Citations (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5973189A (ja) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-25 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 表面溶削法
EP0446811A1 (fr) * 1990-03-10 1991-09-18 Onoda Cement Company, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif pour lisser des diamants et produit de diamant utilisant ledit procédé
JPH06170571A (ja) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-21 Kohan Kogyo Kk ダイヤモンドのレーザ研磨方法および装置ならびにそれを利用したダイヤモンド製品
EP0773194B1 (fr) 1995-11-06 2001-07-04 Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. Molette à couper le verre
EP1666426A1 (fr) 1995-11-06 2006-06-07 Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. Molette à couper le verre
JP2007152936A (ja) * 2005-11-09 2007-06-21 Nikken Dia:Kk 脆性材料用のホイールカッター
WO2008087612A1 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2008-07-24 Dutch Diamond Technologies B.V. Disque de coupe pour traçage d'une ligne de découpe
WO2009036743A1 (fr) 2007-09-22 2009-03-26 Bohle Ag Procédé de réalisation de roulettes de coupe
WO2009036742A1 (fr) 2007-09-22 2009-03-26 Bohle Ag Roulette de coupe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013220525A (ja) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-28 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp 切削工具およびその製造方法

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