WO2012106949A1 - 电池供电系统及其上电的控制方法 - Google Patents

电池供电系统及其上电的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012106949A1
WO2012106949A1 PCT/CN2011/078872 CN2011078872W WO2012106949A1 WO 2012106949 A1 WO2012106949 A1 WO 2012106949A1 CN 2011078872 W CN2011078872 W CN 2011078872W WO 2012106949 A1 WO2012106949 A1 WO 2012106949A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
charging
module
array
charged
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2011/078872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘新宇
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201180001803.3A priority Critical patent/CN102870311B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2011/078872 priority patent/WO2012106949A1/zh
Publication of WO2012106949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012106949A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/62—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcurrent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/64—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overvoltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/61—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcharge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery power supply, and in particular, to a battery power supply system and a power control method thereof.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the battery power supply system includes n parallel lithium battery modules, n is an integer greater than 1, wherein each lithium battery module includes a battery pack and a BMS connected in series.
  • the battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells connected in series.
  • the BMS includes a parallel charging circuit and a discharging circuit.
  • the charging circuit is designed according to the charging curve of the lithium battery specification used, the charging circuit has a current limiting function, and the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are independent. Settings. Before multiple lithium battery modules are connected to the busbar to supply power to the load, the BMS is set to the charging state. Because of the charging current limiting function, large current surges can be avoided.
  • each BMS is independently controlled, it is easy to cause other battery packs to discharge when some battery packs are charged, resulting in inter-group circulation problems between multiple sets of parallel battery packs.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a battery power supply system, which aims to solve the problem of inter-group circulation when multiple sets of battery packs are used in parallel in the prior art.
  • the invention also provides a control method for powering up a battery power supply system.
  • the present invention provides a battery power supply system including: a main control unit, a first end and a second end, and a plurality of battery modules connected between the first end and the second end ;
  • the battery module includes: a first node, a battery array, a charging circuit, and a charging and discharging circuit; the battery array is connected between the first end and the first node, the charging circuit and the charging Discharge circuits are respectively connected between the first node and the second end; the battery array comprises: one or more battery packs;
  • the charging and discharging circuit is configured to charge or discharge the battery array, and the charging circuit is configured to charge the battery array;
  • the main control unit is configured to control activation of a charging circuit of the plurality of battery modules, so that the charging circuit is charged by the battery array of the same battery module as the charging circuit;
  • the main control unit is further configured to: when the battery array of the plurality of battery modules is charged to the preset voltage, control the charging circuit of the battery module charged to the preset voltage to be turned off, and control the battery module charged to the preset voltage
  • the charging and discharging module is activated so that the battery array in the battery module charged to the preset voltage is charged or discharged through the charging and discharging module.
  • the present invention also provides a method for controlling power-on of a battery-powered system, the method comprising:
  • the battery management system BMS that controls all the battery modules turns on the charging circuit to charge the battery array in all the battery modules;
  • the charging circuit of the battery module that controls the charging to the preset voltage is turned off, and the charging and discharging module of the battery module that is charged to the preset voltage is controlled to be activated, so as to be charged
  • the battery array in the battery module of the preset voltage is charged or discharged by the charge and discharge module.
  • the technical solution of the present invention includes a main control unit connected to a plurality of battery modules, and the technical solution is that the voltage of the battery array array is uniformly charged to the preset voltage by the main control unit, so when the battery array is charged to the pre-charge After the voltage is set, all battery arrays are charged or discharged through the charge and discharge circuit. Therefore, the battery power supply system provided by the technical solution of the present invention solves the problem that some battery packs are charged in the prior art, and some battery packs are discharged, which leads to the problem of circulating between groups of multiple battery packs in parallel, and the algorithm is simple and the system is reliable.
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a battery power supply system provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a battery power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a battery array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling power-on of a battery power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a battery power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery power supply system provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, includes: a main control unit 21, a first end 22 and a second end 23, and a plurality of battery modules 24 connected between the first end and the second end
  • the battery module 24 includes a first node 241, a battery array 242, a charging circuit 243, and a charging and discharging circuit 244.
  • the battery array 242 is connected between the first end 22 and the first node 241, and the battery array 242 includes: Or a plurality of battery packs; a charging circuit 243 and a charging and discharging circuit 244 are respectively connected between the first node 241 and the second end 23;
  • the main control unit 21 is configured to control the charging circuit 243 of the plurality of battery modules 24 to be activated, so that the charging circuit 243 is charged by the battery array 242 located at the same battery module 24 as the charging circuit 243;
  • the main control unit 21 is further configured to control the charging circuit 243 of the battery module 24 charged to the preset voltage to be turned off when the battery array 242 of the plurality of battery modules 24 is charged to the preset voltage, and control the battery charged to the preset voltage.
  • the charge and discharge module 244 of the module 24 is activated so that the battery array 242 in the battery module 24 charged to the preset voltage is charged or discharged by the charge and discharge module 244.
  • the embodiment of the present invention includes a main control unit connected to a plurality of battery modules, and in this embodiment, the voltage of the battery array array is uniformly controlled by the main control unit to be charged to a preset voltage, so when the battery array is charged to the pre-charge After the voltage is set, all battery arrays are charged or discharged through the charge and discharge circuit. Therefore, the battery power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problem that some battery packs are charged in the prior art, and some battery packs are discharged, which leads to the problem of circulating between groups of multiple battery packs in parallel, and the algorithm is simple and the system is reliable.
  • the specific structure and the connection relationship of the battery array 242 are as shown in FIG. 3, wherein when the battery array 242 specifically includes multiple sets of battery packs 31, the plurality of battery packs 31 may be in a parallel connection relationship, that is, The battery array 242 includes a plurality of battery packs 31 connected in parallel.
  • the battery pack 31 may include one or more battery cells 311 (wherein FIG. 3 is exemplified by a plurality of batteries, and in actual cases, it may also be one Batteries);
  • the main control unit is further configured to control the power supply of the battery power supply system to the battery pack 31 or any of the battery packs 242 in any one of the plurality of battery modules 24
  • the battery array 242 is charged, and when any one of the battery modules 31 or any of the plurality of battery modules 24 is over-voltage alarmed, the power supply of the battery-powered system is stopped.
  • the oversized battery array 242 is charged.
  • the above-mentioned under-voltage battery array and the over-voltage battery array are not completely the same battery array, that is, in actual situations, if there are three battery modules, the corresponding battery arrays may be: The battery array A, the battery array B, and the battery array C may appear at the same time, the battery array A is over-pressurized, the battery array B is normal, and the battery array C is under-voltage.
  • the specific meaning of the over-voltage may be: A battery pack or any cell overvoltage can be understood as an overvoltage of the battery array; the meaning of the above undervoltage can be: any battery pack or any battery undervoltage can be understood as a battery array undervoltage
  • the above specific meaning of the normal can be: when all the battery packs and all the batteries are neither under pressure nor undervoltage, it can be understood that the battery array is normal.
  • the above actual situation is only an example. In actual situations, the battery array that has undervoltage or overvoltage may also be the same battery array.
  • each battery pack may include a plurality of batteries, and of course, may also be a battery core. When multiple batteries, a plurality of batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack.
  • the charging circuit 243 and the charging and discharging circuit 244 are located in the BMS.
  • the BMS disconnects the charging and discharging module 244, and the main control unit 21 is further configured to control the battery in which an abnormality occurs.
  • the charging module 243 in the module 24 is turned on, so that the charging module 243 can charge the battery array 242 corresponding to the charging module 243, and when the battery array 242 of the battery module 24 in an abnormal situation is charged to a preset voltage, the charging is controlled.
  • the charging circuit 243 of the battery module 24 to the preset voltage is turned off, and the charging and discharging module 244 of the battery module 24 charged to the preset voltage is controlled to be activated, so that the charging and discharging module 244 can charge or discharge the battery array 242.
  • control unit 21 controls the charging module 243 or the charging and discharging module 244 to transmit the command to the BMS, and then the BMS controls the charging module 243 or the charging and discharging module 244 to execute the command according to the command of the control unit 21. Corresponding related operations.
  • the abnormality of the battery module 24 may be any one or more of a high temperature, a low temperature, an overvoltage, an undervoltage, an overcurrent, an undercurrent, and the like of the battery array.
  • the charging module 243 in the process of supplying power (also referred to as full charge and full discharge mode in the industry, that is, the charge and discharge module 244 is in the working state at this time, the charging module 243 is in the non-working state), in any battery pack or When any one of the cells is under voltage, the entire battery array is charged, and when any one battery pack or any one of the batteries is over-voltage, the entire battery array is stopped. Therefore, it can be seen that the battery arrays of the plurality of battery modules are charged together and stopped together, so that the problem of inter-group circulation between the battery packs is less likely to occur.
  • a load may be connected between the first end 22 and the second end 23, and when the load is connected, the battery module 24 supplies power to the load, and in the process of supplying power to the load, in any one of the battery modules 24
  • the second end 23 is controlled to be disconnected from the load, the power supply to the load is stopped, and the undervoltage condition is controlled (specifically, any battery pack or The battery module 24 of any one of the battery undervoltages is connected to the system power supply so that the system power supply can charge the battery array 242 of the battery module 24, any one of the battery arrays 242 in any one of the battery modules 24 or any
  • the control system power supply is disconnected from the second terminal 23 to stop charging; of course, the second end can be further controlled to be connected to the load so that the battery array 242 in any of the battery modules 24 passes respectively.
  • the charge and discharge module 244 discharges or charges, and when there is a load, the battery module 24 can be powered for
  • the entire battery pack array in the process of supplying power to the load, when the undervoltage occurs in any one of the battery packs, the entire battery pack array is charged, and when any one of the battery packs is overvoltage, the charging of the entire battery pack array is stopped. It can be seen that the battery packs in the battery array of the plurality of battery modules are charged together and discharged together, so that the problem of inter-group circulation between the battery packs is less likely to occur.
  • the charging circuit 243 may be a small current charging circuit, and the charging and discharging circuit 244 may be a large current charging and discharging circuit.
  • the battery pack 31 in the battery array 242 may be specifically a lithium battery pack, and may of course be other types of battery packs.
  • the specific range of the small current charging circuit may be less than or equal to 0.1 C.
  • the specific range of the large current charging and discharging circuit may be: a charging/discharging circuit of 0.3 C or more and 1 C or less. Where C can represent the capacity of the battery array.
  • the charging circuit 243 is charged by the charging circuit 243 for the battery array of the same battery module as the charging circuit 243.
  • the system power supply can be located at 48 volts (other voltage values can also be used according to actual conditions), and at the time of charging, The system power supply supplies power to the load, and the power supply is in a working state that meets the load requirements.
  • the charging circuit 243 and the charging and discharging circuit 244 may be located in a battery management system (BMS).
  • BMS battery management system
  • the main control unit 21 can be located in the control center of the battery powered system.
  • the above charging circuit 243 can be further used to limit the magnitude of the input current of the battery array 242.
  • the preset voltage is the full charge voltage of the battery array, and the full charge voltage is the voltage of the battery array when the capacity is full.
  • a first switch module may be disposed at a position of the first node 241, where the first switch module is configured to select the charging circuit 243 or the charging and discharging circuit 244 according to a control command of the main control unit 21.
  • the first node is connected;
  • the second switch module may be disposed at the connection position of the second end 23 and the battery module 24, and the second switch module is used for selecting by another control command of the main control unit 21.
  • the charging circuit 243 or the charging and discharging circuit 244 is connected to the second terminal 23.
  • the battery power supply system may connect a load between the first end 22 and the second end 23 after the charging and discharging module 244 is started to supply power to the load.
  • the present invention also provides a control method for powering up the battery power supply system.
  • the method is as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the specific structure of the battery power supply system may be as shown in FIG. 2, and the structure specifically includes the device or For the module, refer to the description of the system embodiment, which is not described here.
  • the method is implemented by a battery-powered system, and is specifically implemented by a control unit of the battery-powered system.
  • the method may specifically include:
  • the battery power supply system when the battery array of all the battery modules of the battery power supply system is charged to the preset voltage, the battery power supply system is powered on for the first time, and then enters the full charge and full discharge mode, and the full charge and full discharge mode is specific. It can be: the mode in which the charging or discharging of the battery array of all the battery modules is completed by the charging and discharging module.
  • the specific method for detecting whether the battery power supply system is powered on for the first time may be: before the battery module is connected to the input end of the load, it is detected whether the voltage of the input terminal of the load is normal, and if it is normal, the power is turned on for the first time; otherwise, It is determined that it is not the first time to power on, and steps S41 and S42 are not performed.
  • the normal details can be found in the description of the system embodiment.
  • the foregoing method may further include:
  • the power supply of the battery power supply system is controlled to charge the undervoltage battery array.
  • the power supply controlling the battery powered system stops charging the overvoltage battery array.
  • the foregoing method may further include:
  • the charging module in the abnormal battery module is turned on, so that the charging module can charge the battery array of the abnormal battery module, in the abnormal battery module
  • the charging circuit of the battery module charged to the preset voltage is controlled to be turned off, and the charging and discharging module of the battery module charged to the preset voltage is controlled to be activated, so that the charging and discharging module can be The battery array is charged or discharged.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is that the voltage of the battery array is uniformly charged to the preset voltage by the main control unit, so after the battery array is charged to the preset voltage, all the battery arrays pass through the charging and discharging circuit. Charge or discharge. Therefore, the power-on control method of the battery power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that some battery packs are charged in the prior art, and some battery packs are discharged, resulting in the problem of circulating between groups of multiple battery packs in parallel, and the algorithm is simple. The system is reliable.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery power supply system.
  • the technical scenario implemented in this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 5, which may include: taking a battery pack 242 in a battery module as an example, and the battery pack may be a lithium battery module.
  • the battery power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to other types of batteries.
  • the battery power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to other types of batteries.
  • a battery power supply system includes n lithium battery modules and a main control unit 21 respectively connected to the n lithium battery modules.
  • n is an integer greater than 1, wherein each lithium battery module includes: a battery array 242 and a BMS 301, wherein the battery array 242 and the BMS 301 are connected in series,
  • One of the lithium battery packs 242 includes a plurality of cells in series, and the BMS 301 includes a parallel charging circuit 243 and a charge and discharge circuit 244.
  • the charging circuit 243 is configured to charge the battery array 242 in series with the BMS 301 and limit the magnitude of the input current of the battery array 242;
  • the charge and discharge circuit 244 is configured to charge or discharge the battery array 242 in series with the BMS 301;
  • the main control unit 21 is configured to control the BMS 301 of all the lithium battery modules 54 to turn on the charging circuit 243 to charge the battery array 242 connected in series with the BMS 301 when the voltage of the bus bar 601 is normal before the lithium battery module 54 is connected to the bus bar 601;
  • a battery array voltage 242 is charged to be equal to the preset voltage (ie, the bus 601 voltage)
  • the BMS 301 of the lithium battery module 54 to which the battery array 242 is charged to the preset voltage is turned on to turn on the charging and discharging circuit 244, and simultaneously control the BMS 301.
  • the charging circuit 243 corresponding to the battery array 242 charged to the preset voltage is turned off.
  • the two ends of the bus bar 601 may be referred to as a first end and a second end, respectively, wherein the first end or the second end may be set by the user, for example, for example.
  • the first end of the battery power supply system (shown in FIG. 2) provided by the present invention may be close to the battery array end, and the second end may be close to the BMS end.
  • the battery power supply system may further include: a system power supply 501, which may be controlled by the main control unit 21, when any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54 or any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54 When the core undervoltage alarm is issued, the battery array 242 of the undervoltage alarm is charged, and when any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54 or any one of the batteries is overvoltage alarm, the battery array for the overvoltage alarm is stopped. 242 charging.
  • a system power supply 501 which may be controlled by the main control unit 21, when any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54 or any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54
  • the battery array 242 of the undervoltage alarm is charged, and when any one of the plurality of lithium battery modules 54 or any one of the batteries is overvoltage alarm, the battery array for the overvoltage alarm is stopped. 242 charging.
  • the battery power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
  • the BMS disconnects the charging and discharging module 244, and the main control unit 21 is further configured to control the charging module 243 in the lithium battery module 54 where an abnormal situation occurs, so that the charging module 243 can Charging the battery array 242, when the battery array 242 of the lithium battery module 54 is charged to a preset voltage, controlling the charging circuit 243 of the lithium battery module 54 charged to the preset voltage to be turned off, and controlling the charging to the pre-charge
  • the charge and discharge module 244 of the voltage-equipped lithium battery module 54 is activated so that the charge and discharge module 244 can charge or discharge the battery array 242.
  • the charging circuit 242 can adopt a small current charging circuit, and the charging and discharging circuit 243 can adopt a large current charging and discharging circuit.
  • the small current charging circuit functions as a charging current limiting device, which can limit the input current of the battery array.
  • the small current charging circuit can be determined according to the system design; for example, the 50Ah battery can be charged with 5A for 12 hours; the large current charging The discharge circuit depends on the system design and load conditions; for example, 10A, 15A, 30A, 100A, etc.
  • the included units are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above-mentioned divisions, as long as the corresponding functions can be implemented; in addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for mutual convenience. The distinction is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • all or part of the steps may be completed by using hardware related to the program instructions. .
  • it can be done by running a program on a computer.
  • the program can be stored in a readable storage medium such as a random access memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于通信领域，具体提供一种电池供电系统及控制方法，所述电池供电系统包括主控单元，第一端和第二端，以及连接在所述第一端和第二端之间的多个电池模块；该电池模块包括：第一节点、电池组阵列，充电电路，以及充放电电路；其中，充放电电路，用于为电池组阵列充电或放电，充电电路，用于为电池组阵列充电；主控单元，用于控制多个电池模块的充电电路启动，使充电电路为与充电电路位于同一电池模块的电池组阵列充电；另外，其进一步用于在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动。

Description

电池供电系统及其上电的控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电池供电领域，尤其涉及一种电池供电系统及其上电的控制方法。
背景技术
目前，有些电池需要电池管理系统（Battery Management System，BMS）做监控管理，电池必须与BMS配合使用，在大功率应用中，首先需要单体电芯串联组成电池组来提高供电电压，然后电池组再并联来提高供电电流。
现有技术的电池供电系统如图1所示，该电池供电系统包括n个并联的锂电模块，n为大于1的整数，其中每个锂电模块包括串联的电池组和BMS， 电池组由多个电芯串联起来组成，BMS包括并联的充电电路和放电电路，其中充电电路是按照所用的锂电池规格的充电曲线设计的，充电电路具有限流功能，充电电路和放电电路独立设置。在多个锂电模块接入母排为负载供电之前，BMS设置为充电状态，因为有充电限流功能，所以可以避免大电流冲击。
发明人在实现本发明的过程中，发现现有技术至少存在以下缺点： 由于每个BMS都独立控制，容易导致在部分电池组充电时，其他的电池组在放电，从而导致多组并联的电池组之间的组间环流问题。
 技术问题
本发明实施例提供了一种电池供电系统，旨在解决现有技术存在多组电池组并联使用时的组间环流的问题。
本发明还提供一种电池供电系统上电的控制方法。
 技术解决方案
一方面，本发明提供一种电池供电系统，所述电池供电系统包括：主控单元，第一端和第二端，以及连接在所述第一端和第二端之间的多个电池模块；
该电池模块包括：第一节点、电池组阵列，充电电路，以及充放电电路；所述电池组阵列连接在所述第一端与所述第一节点之间，所述充电电路和所述充放电电路分别连接在所述第一节点与所述第二端之间；所述电池组阵列包括：一个或多个电池组；
其中，所述充放电电路，用于为所述电池组阵列充电或放电，所述充电电路，用于为所述电池组阵列充电；
所述主控单元，用于控制多个电池模块的充电电路启动，使充电电路为与充电电路位于同一电池模块的电池组阵列充电；
所述主控单元，进一步用于在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块中的电池组阵列通过充放电模块进行充电或放电。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种电池供电系统上电的控制方法，所述方法包括：
在电池供电系统首次上电时，控制所有电池模块的电池管理系统BMS开启充电电路给所有电池模块内的电池组阵列充电；
在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块中的电池组阵列通过充放电模块进行充电或放电。
 有益效果
本发明技术方案由于包括与多个电池模块连接的主控单元，并且本技术方案是通过主控单元统一控制电池组阵列的电压是已经充到预设电压的，因此当电池组阵列充到预设电压以后，所有电池组阵列都是通过充放电电路进行充电或者放电的。因此采用本发明技术方案提供的电池供电系统解决了现有技术存在的有的电池组充电，有的电池组放电，导致多组电池组并联使用的组间环流的问题，算法简单，系统可靠。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术提供的电池供电系统的功能模块框图；
图2为本发明具体实施方式提供的电池供电系统的功能模块框图；
图3为本发明具体实施方式提供的电池组阵列的功能模块框图；
图4为本发明具体实施方式提供的电池供电系统上电的控制方法的流程图；
图5为本发明一实施例提供的电池供电系统的功能模块框图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供的电池供电系统如图2所示，包括：主控单元21，第一端22和第二端23，以及连接在所述第一端和第二端之间的多个电池模块24，电池模块24包括第一节点241、电池组阵列242，充电电路243，以及充放电电路244；电池组阵列242连接在第一端22与第一节点241之间，电池组阵列242包括：一个或多个电池组；充电电路243和充放电电路244分别连接在第一节点241与第二端23之间；
充放电电路244，用于为电池组阵列242充电或放电，充电电路243，用于为电池组阵列242充电；
主控单元21，用于控制多个电池模块24的充电电路243启动，使充电电路243为与充电电路243位于同一电池模块24的电池组阵列242充电；
主控单元21进一步用于在多个电池模块24的电池组阵列242充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块24的充电电路243关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块24的充放电模块244启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块24中的电池组阵列242通过充放电模块244进行充电或放电。
本发明实施例由于包括与多个电池模块连接的主控单元，并且本实施例是通过主控单元统一控制电池组阵列的电压是已经充到预设电压的，因此当电池组阵列充到预设电压以后，所有电池组阵列都是通过充放电电路进行充电或者放电的。因此采用本发明实施例提供的电池供电系统解决了现有技术存在的有的电池组充电，有的电池组放电，导致多组电池组并联使用的组间环流的问题，算法简单，系统可靠。
需要说明的是，上述电池组阵列242的具体结构以及连接关系如图3所示，其中在电池组阵列242具体包括多组电池组31时，多组电池组31可以为并联连接关系，即该电池组阵列242包括并联连接的多组电池组31，另外，该电池组31可以包括一个或多个电芯311（其中图3以多个电芯为例，在实际情况中，也可以为一个电芯）；
另外，该主控单元进一步用于在多组电池模块24中的任一电池组阵列242中的任一电池组31或任一电芯311欠压告警时，控制上述电池供电系统的电源给欠压的该电池组阵列242充电，在多组电池模块24中的任一电池组阵列242中的任一电池组31或任一电芯311过压告警时，控制上述电池供电系统的电源停止给过压的该电池组阵列242充电。
需要说明的是，上述欠压的电池组阵列与过压的电池组阵列并非完全是同一电池组阵列，即在实际情况中，如果有3个电池模块，其分别对应的电池组阵列可以为：电池组阵列A、电池组阵列B、电池组阵列C，则可能同时出现，电池组阵列A过压，电池组阵列B正常，电池组阵列C欠压，上述过压的具体含义可以为：任一电池组或任一电芯过压均可以理解成电池组阵列过压；上述欠压的具体含义可以为：任一电池组或任一电芯欠压时均可以理解成电池组阵列欠压，上述正常的具体含义可以为：所有电池组和所有电芯即不过压也不欠压时，可以理解成电池组阵列正常。当然上述实际情况仅为举例说明，在实际情况中，出现欠压或过压的电池组阵列也可以为同一电池组阵列。
需要说明的是，上述电池组欠压与电池组内部的电芯欠压完全属于两种不同的情况，即当电池组欠压时，该电池组内部的电芯有可能欠压，也有可能电压正常，当然该电芯欠压时，该电池组也有可能为欠压，也有可能电压正常。另外，每个电池组均有可能包括有多个电芯，当然也可以为一个电芯，当为多个电芯时，多个电芯串联组成电池组。
可以看出，电池组阵列中的多个电池组是一起充电，因此不容易出现电池组之间的组间环流的问题。
需要说明的是，上述充电电路243和充放电电路244位于BMS，在上述电池模块24出现异常情况时，BMS断开充放电模块244，该主控单元21进一步用于，控制出现异常情况的电池模块24内的充电模块243开启，使该充电模块243可以为该充电模块243对应的电池组阵列242充电，在出现异常情况的电池模块24的电池组阵列242充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块24的充电电路243关闭，并控制该充到预设电压的电池模块24的充放电模块244启动，使该充放电模块244可以为该电池组阵列242充电或放电。
另外，需要说明的是，上述控制单元21控制充电模块243或充放电模块244均是通过向BMS发送命令，然后由BMS根据该控制单元21的命令控制充电模块243或充放电模块244执行该命令对应的相关操作。
需要说明的是，上述电池模块24出现异常情况具体可以为：电池组阵列出现高温、低温、过压、欠压、过流、欠流等情况中的任何一种或多种。
本发明实施例中，在为供电的过程（在业内也叫全充全放模式，即此时由充放电模块244处于工作状态，充电模块243处于非工作状态）中，在任意一个电池组或任意一个电芯出现欠压时，为整个电池组阵列充电，在任意一个电池组或任意一个电芯过压时，停止整个电池组阵列充电。因此可以看出，在多个电池模块的电池组阵列是一起充电，一起停止，因此不容易出现电池组之间的组间环流的问题。
可选的，上述第一端22与第二端23之间还可以连接负载，当连接负载时，该电池模块24为该负载供电，在为负载供电的过程中，当任意一个电池模块24中的电池组阵列242中的任意一个电池组或任意一个电芯欠压时，控制第二端23与负载断开，停止为负载供电，并控制具有欠压情况（具体可以为任意一个电池组或任意一个电芯欠压）的电池模块24连接系统电源，使系统电源可以为电池模块24的电池组阵列242充电，在任意一个电池模块24中的电池组阵列242中的任意一个电池组或任意一个电芯欠压时，控制系统电源与第二端23断开，停止充电；当然还可以进一步控制所述第二端与负载连接，以便于任一电池模块24中的电池组阵列242分别通过充放电模块244进行放电或充电，当有负载时，可以实现该电池模块24为负载供电。
本发明实施例中，在为负载供电的过程中，在任意一个电池组出现欠压时，为整个电池组阵列充电，在任意一个电池组过压时，停止对整个电池组阵列充电。可以看出，在多个电池模块的电池组阵列中的电池组是一起充电，一起放电，因此不容易出现电池组之间的组间环流的问题。
需要说明的是，上述充电电路243具体可以为小电流充电电路，上述充放电电路244具体可以为大电流充放电电路。另外，上述电池组阵列242中的电池组31具体可以为：锂电池组，当然也可以为其他形式的电池组。
需要说明的是，上述小电流充电电路的具体范围可以小于等于0.1C的充电电路；上述大电流充放电电路的具体范围可以为：大于等于0.3C小于等于1C的充放电电路。其中，C可以表示电池组阵列的容量。
上述通过充电电路243为与充电电路243位于同一电池模块的电池组阵列充电，此时系统电源可以位于48伏（根据实际情况不同，也可以能为其他的电压值），在充电此时，通过系统电源为负载供电，电源处于满足负载要求的工作状态。
充电电路243和充放电电路244可以位于：电池管理系统（BMS）。
主控单元21可以位于电池供电系统的控制中心内。
另外，上述充电电路243可以进一步用于限制电池组阵列242的输入电流的大小。
上述预设电压为电池组阵列满充电压，该满充电压即电池组阵列在容量充满时的电压。
在本发明的实施例中，可以在第一节点241的位置设置第一开关模块，上述第一开关模块，用于根据主控单元21的控制命令，选择将充电电路243或充放电电路244与第一节点连接；
当然，在本发明的实施例中，也可以在第二端23与电池模块24的连接位置设置第二开关模块，该第二开关模块，用于通过主控单元21的另一控制命令，选择将充电电路243或充放电电路244与第二端23连接。
在本发明的实施例中，上述电池供电系统可以在充放电模块244启动后，在第一端22和第二端23之间连接负载，实现为负载供电。
本发明还提供一种上述电池供电系统上电的控制方法，该方法如图4所示，需要说明的是，上述电池供电系统的具体结构可以如图2所示，该结构具体包括的装置或模块可以参见上述系统实施例的表述，这里不再赘述，该方法由电池供电系统完成，具体由电池供电系统的控制单元完成，该方法具体可以包括：
S41、在电池供电系统首次上电时，控制所有电池模块的BMS开启充电电路给所有电池模块内的电池组阵列充电；
S42、在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块中的电池组阵列通过充放电模块进行充电或放电。
需要说明的是，当电池供电系统的所有电池模块的电池组阵列均充到预设电压时，完成电池供电系统的首次上电，然后进入到全充全放模式，该全充全放模式具体可以为：所有电池模块的电池组阵列的充电或放电均由充放电模块完成的模式。
需要说明的是，检测电池供电系统是否为首次上电的具体方式可以为：在电池模块接入负载的输入端之前，检测到负载的输入端电压是否正常，如正常则为首次上电，否则确定不是首次上电，不进行步骤S41、S42。该正常的具体情况可以参见系统实施例中的描述。
需要说明的是，上述方法在S42之后，还可以包括：
在全充全放模式下，在多个电池模块中的电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯欠压告警时，控制上述电池供电系统的电源给欠压的电池组阵列充电，在该电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯过压告警时，控制上述电池供电系统的电源停止给过压的电池组阵列充电。
需要说明的是，上述方法在S42之后，还可以包括：
在电池模块（可以一个，也可以为多个）出现异常情况时，控制异常电池模块中的充电模块开启，使该充电模块可以为该异常电池模块的电池组阵列充电，在该异常电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制该充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制该充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，使该充放电模块可以为该电池组阵列充电或放电。
本发明实施例提供的方法是通过主控单元统一控制电池组阵列的电压是已经充到预设电压的，因此当电池组阵列充到预设电压以后，所有电池组阵列都是通过充放电电路进行充电或者放电的。因此采用本发明实施例提供的电池供电系统上电控制方法解决了现有技术存在的有的电池组充电，有的电池组放电，导致多组电池组并联使用的组间环流的问题，算法简单，系统可靠。
本发明一实施例提供一种电池供电系统，本实施例实现的技术场景如图5所示，可以包括：以电池模块中的电池组阵列242包括一个电池组为例，电池组可以为锂电模块54，电池组为锂电池组，负载的输入端为母排为例来说明本发明提供的电池供电系统，本发明一实施例提供的电池供电系统同样适用于其他类型的电池。
本发明一实施例提供的电池供电系统包括n个锂电模块和分别与该n个锂电模块连接的主控单元21， n为大于1的整数，其中每个锂电模块包括：电池组阵列242和BMS301，其中该电池组阵列242和BMS301串联连接， 锂电池组阵列242中的一个锂电池组包括多个串联的电芯，BMS301包括并联的充电电路243和充放电电路244。
充电电路243用于对与BMS301串联的电池组阵列242进行充电及限制电池组阵列242的输入电流的大小；
充放电电路244用于对与BMS301串联的电池组阵列242进行充电或放电；
主控单元21用于在锂电模块54接入母排601之前，检测到母排601电压正常时，控制所有锂电模块54的BMS301开启充电电路243给与BMS301串联的电池组阵列242充电；当任意一个电池组阵列电压242充到与预设电压（即母排601电压）相等时，控制充到预设电压的电池组阵列242所属的锂电池模块54的BMS301开启充放电电路244，同时控制BMS301关闭充到预设电压的电池组阵列242对应的充电电路243。
需要说明的是，上述母排601为了叙述的方便，可以将母排601的二端分别称为第一端和第二端，其中，第一端或第二端可以由用户自行设定，例如：本发明提供的电池供电系统（如图2所示）中的第一端可以为靠近电池组阵列端，第二端可以为靠近BMS端。
另外，本发明一实施例提供的电池供电系统还可以包括：系统电源501，该系统电源501可以由主控单元21控制，当多组锂电池模块54中的任意一个锂电池组或者任意一个电芯欠压告警时，给欠压告警的电池组阵列242充电，当多组锂电池模块54中的任意一个锂电池组或者任意一个电芯过压告警时，停止给过压告警的电池组阵列242充电。
另外，本发明一实施例提供的电池供电系统还可以包括：
在上述锂电池模块54出现异常情况时，BMS断开充放电模块244，该主控单元21进一步用于，控制出现异常情况的锂电池模块54中的充电模块243开启，使该充电模块243可以为该电池组阵列242充电，在该锂电池模块54的电池组阵列242充到预设电压时，控制该充到预设电压的锂电池模块54的充电电路243关闭，并控制该充到预设电压的锂电池模块54的充放电模块244启动，使该充放电模块244可以为该电池组阵列242充电或放电。
可选的，上述充电电路242可以采用小电流充电电路，充放电电路243可以采用大电流充放电电路。其中小电流充电电路起充电限流的作用，其能限制电池组阵列的输入电流，由于充电电流比较小，功率较小，损耗小，所以发热小，大电流充放电电路不限流，只是起导通和关断的作用，所以容易做到导通损耗小，效率高，发热小；该小电流充电电路可以根据系统设计而定；例如50Ah电池可以用5A充电12小时充满；该大电流充放电电路根据系统设计和负载情况而定；例如10A，15A，30A，100A等等。
由于大电流充放电电路的导通阻抗很小，所以全充全放模式下的损耗很小，整个电池供电系统效率很高。又因为只有在首次上电和异常模式下才关闭大电流充放电电路，所以电池供电系统的整个生命周期内效率都很高。
上述装置实施例中，所包括的各个单元只是按照功能逻辑进行划分的，但并不局限于上述的划分，只要能够实现相应的功能即可；另外，各功能单元的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。
本领域技术人员可以理解，本发明实施例提供的电池供电系统首次上电的控制方法和电池供电系统全充全放的控制方法中，其全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。比如可以通过计算机运行程序来完成。该程序可以存储在可读取存储介质，例如，随机存储器、磁盘、光盘等。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种电池供电系统，其特征在于，所述电池供电系统包括：主控单元，第一端和第二端，以及连接在所述第一端和第二端之间的多个电池模块；
    该电池模块包括：第一节点、电池组阵列，充电电路，以及充放电电路；所述电池组阵列连接在所述第一端与所述第一节点之间，所述充电电路和所述充放电电路分别连接在所述第一节点与所述第二端之间；所述电池组阵列包括：一个或多个电池组；
    其中，所述充放电电路，用于为所述电池组阵列充电或放电，所述充电电路，用于为所述电池组阵列充电；
    所述主控单元，用于控制多个电池模块的充电电路启动，使充电电路为与充电电路位于同一电池模块的电池组阵列充电；
    所述主控单元，进一步用于在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块中的电池组阵列通过充放电模块进行充电或放电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池供电系统，其特征在于，在所述电池组阵列包括多组电池组时，所述多组电池组为并联连接关系，所述电池组包括：一个或多个电芯，其中，多个电芯为串联连接关系；
    所述主控单元，还进一步用于在多组电池模块中的任一电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯欠压告警时，控制所述电池供电系统的电源给欠压的电池组阵列充电，在多组电池模块中的任一电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯过压告警时，控制所述电池供电系统的电源停止给过压的电池组阵列充电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池供电系统，其特征在于，所述充电电路和所述充放电电路位于电池管理系统BMS，在电池模块出现异常情况时，BMS断开所述充放电模块；
    所述主控单元，进一步用于控制出现异常情况的电池模块内的充电模块开启，使该充电模块为其对应的电池组阵列充电，在该电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制该充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，使该充放电模块为该电池组阵列充电或放电。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的电池供电系统，其特征在于，
    所述充电电路为小电流充电电路；所述充放电电路为大电流充放电电路。
  5. 一种电池供电系统上电的控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在电池供电系统首次上电时，控制所有电池模块的电池管理系统BMS开启充电电路给所有电池模块内的电池组阵列充电；
    在多个电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，以便于充到预设电压的电池模块中的电池组阵列通过充放电模块进行充电或放电。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法在控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动之后还包括：
    在多个电池模块中的电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯欠压告警时，控制所述电池供电系统的电源给欠压的该电池组阵列充电，在该电池组阵列中的任一电池组或任一电芯过压告警时，控制所述电池供电系统的电源停止给过压的该电池组阵列充电。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法在控制充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动之后还包括：
    在电池模块出现异常情况时，控制异常电池模块中的充电模块开启，使该充电模块可以为该异常电池模块的电池组阵列充电，在该异常电池模块的电池组阵列充到预设电压时，控制该充到预设电压的电池模块的充电电路关闭，并控制该充到预设电压的电池模块的充放电模块启动，使该充放电模块可以为该电池组阵列充电或放电。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7任一所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述充电电路为小电流充电电路，所述充放电电路为大电流充放电电路。
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