WO2012114033A1 - Procede d'acquisition de donnees sismiques - Google Patents
Procede d'acquisition de donnees sismiques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012114033A1 WO2012114033A1 PCT/FR2012/050358 FR2012050358W WO2012114033A1 WO 2012114033 A1 WO2012114033 A1 WO 2012114033A1 FR 2012050358 W FR2012050358 W FR 2012050358W WO 2012114033 A1 WO2012114033 A1 WO 2012114033A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lines
- receiver
- seismic
- positions
- receivers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
- G01V1/181—Geophones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
- G01V1/006—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design generating single signals by using more than one generator, e.g. beam steering or focusing arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/12—Signal generation
- G01V2210/125—Virtual source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
- G01V2210/16—Survey configurations
- G01V2210/169—Sparse arrays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to seismic imaging techniques used in particular for the search for hydrocarbons in the subsoil.
- the measurements are processed to reconstruct a model of the subsoil, usually in the form of seismic images.
- These images can be two-dimensional (seismic sections) or three-dimensional (seismic blocks).
- a seismic image consists of pixels whose intensity is representative of a seismic amplitude dependent on local variations of impedance.
- Geophysicists are used to analyzing such seismic images. Through visual observation, they are able to separate areas of the subsoil with different characteristics to determine the structure of the subsoil.
- receiver lines are also used along which geophones are arranged, and firing is usually carried out using vibrating sources carried by special moving vehicles. in the studied area.
- the shooting is carried out using explosives transported by man or helicopter to the desired locations.
- the shots and the receivers are placed at positions relatively close to each other along the individual lines, for example some tens of meters, while the distance between these lines is relatively large, for example of the order of 1 km.
- the interval between the lines governs the seismic coverage ("fold"). This seismic coverage, corresponding to the number of times a given area of the basement is illuminated by the seismic waves emitted, decreases as the interval between lines increases.
- the resulting coverage of these "scattered" geometries is particularly poor at shallow and medium depths.
- the coverage is not optimal at low or medium depth, and gives rise to artifacts that can not be adequately mitigated by the migration technique, even in the ideal case where the model is perfectly known. basement for imaging.
- a seismic data acquisition method comprising:
- each receiver line comprising several geophones at respective receiver positions for measuring seismic waves from the subsoil, the receiver lines comprising first receiver lines substantially parallel to each other; and second receiver lines substantially parallel to the first receiver lines and located at intermediate positions between the first receiver lines;
- first seismic data by seismic interferometry to estimate second seismic data representing responses, in at least some of the receiver positions, to seismic waves emitted from a virtual source located at a receiver position along a second line receivers.
- Shots are fired along the receiver lines, but only some of these lines. Seismic interferometry makes it possible to reconstruct virtual shots at the positions of the physical receivers of the other lines.
- the second seismic data corresponding to these virtual shots can be combined with the first seismic data measured in a subsequent deep migration process, for example a reverse-time migration (RTM).
- RTM reverse-time migration
- At least some of the geophones of the second line of receivers belong to wireless equipment. They can then be set up without having to clear a zone of footprint in the field for the installation of complete receiver lines such as the first receiver lines which are further equipped for the circulation of the vehicle bearing the seismic source.
- the spacing between the first receiver lines is typically greater than 300 m, while the spacing of the receiver positions along the receiver lines is less than 100 m.
- the second receiver lines may be placed substantially midway between two first adjacent receiver lines.
- Shots can be made in a hybrid parallel pattern, with some source positions then shifted transversely to the receiver positions along the first receiver lines.
- the proposed technique is particularly well suited to the exploration of the subsoil in mountain areas and / or pasmont.
- FIG. 1 is a seismic image of a pasmont zone obtained with a linear low density acquisition geometry
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the linear acquisition geometry used to obtain the image of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a seismic image of the same pasmont area as FIG. 1, obtained with doubled density for sources and receivers;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hybrid linear acquisition geometry that can be used to obtain 3D seismic images.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of linear acquisition geometry that can be used according to the invention to obtain 3D seismic images.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a seismic image obtained from synthetic data with a sparse geometry for the acquisition of the seismic data, of the kind represented in FIG. 2.
- receiver lines 10, 20 have a horizontal spacing RLI (Receiver Line Interval) of 400 m, while along the lines 1 0, 20, the geophones 15, represented as triangles in the figure, are spaced from each other by 40 m (the square meshes in Figures 2, 3 and 5 are 40 m 40 m).
- the explosion symbols represent the horizontal positions of the seismic source 25 (or seismic sources) used to effect shots at which the receivers 15 record seismic data.
- the shots are made along the same lines 10, 20 as those where the receivers 15 are placed.
- the SLI Shot Line Interval
- seismic recordings are made at receiver positions distributed along a plurality of lines. Only two lines are shown in Figure 2, but in practice the number of lines is larger. For example, five receiver lines A, B, C, D, E are installed in parallel, and the source is moved along the center line C to fire at the prescribed source positions. Once this series of shots is completed, the line A at one end is dismounted and reinstalled further, on the other side of the line E, then the source is moved along the line D to make new shots. This technique called "roll along" to install and dismantling lines is commonly practiced in the field of earthquake exploration.
- FIG. 3 shows another possible configuration of the seismic sources 25 along the receiver lines 10, 20 arranged in the same manner as in FIG. 2.
- the source positions 25 are shifted transversely relative to each other. at the receiver positions along the receiver lines 10, 20.
- This staggered configuration along all or part of the lines improves the distribution of the offsets without requiring additional receivers or additional shots.
- the seismic section of Figure 1 was obtained by a migration technique from the signal geophones 15 with a density of 33 shots per km 2 , the firing being carried out along parallel lines 10, 20 according to the configuration of Figure 2. We see that at low and medium depths, the quality of the seismic image is poor because of a rather large noise.
- the improvement in quality is the cost of a doubling of the work to be done to install the lines of receivers and sources. This can be particularly problematic in mountain or pasmont areas.
- Interferometric techniques are used according to the invention to limit the incidence of this problem while producing seismic images of satisfactory quality.
- the number of receiver lines is increased by adding to the first lines 10, 20 previously described second rows of receivers 30 parallel to these first lines and situated at intermediate positions between the first lines 10, 20.
- the distance RLI between the receiver lines is 200 m
- the distance SLI between the source lines is 400 m.
- geophones 16 are typically used belonging to transportable wireless equipment in mountain areas, not requiring heavy preparation and delivery work. in the state of the field.
- FIG. 5 shows source positions 25 staggered along the first lines 10, 20 as in the case of FIG. 3. It will be noted that the sources of 25 may also be aligned with the first ones. lines 10, 20 as in the configuration of Figure 2. Other configurations are still possible. On the other hand, although the lines 10, 20, 30 are shown rectilinear in Figures 2, 3 and 5, they may in practice have fairly varied non-rectilinear shapes, particularly when the measurements are made in mountain areas or Piedmont. The acquisition geometry is based on generally parallel lines, with pronounced anisotropy. The spacing between the receiver lines 10, 20 is typically greater than 300 m, while the spacing of the receiver positions 15, 16 along the receiver lines 10, 20, 30 is much smaller, typically less than 100. m.
- Cross-correlation seismic interferometry techniques make it possible to generate new seismic records by correlation of existing records. They are well known in the field of acquisition of seismic data, and described for example in the applications WO 2008/070595 A2, WO 2008/070597 A2, WO 2008/10651 A1, WO 2010/120418 A1, EP 2 166 378 A2, EP 2 169 431 A2, US 2010/0054083 A1.
- a receiver A captures a seismic wave coming from the subsoil, this wave is also reflected at the surface, which returns to the subsoil a reflected component. This reflected component can be reflected again on shallow structures located near the receiver A, then reach one or more other B receivers.
- By analyzing the temporal correlations between the measurements made by the receivers A and B we arrive at estimating transfer functions between receiver positions or, in other words, estimating the response at a receiver position B to waves that would be transmitted by a virtual source placed at another receiver A.
- the seismic interferometry calculations can be implemented using one or more computers.
- Each computer may include a processor, a memory for storing program data and executing it, a permanent storage system such as one or more hard disks, communication ports for managing communications with external devices, including for retrieving the various data recorded by the receivers 15, 16 during the measurement campaign, and user interfaces such as a screen, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.
- the calculations are performed using software modules that can be stored, in the form of program instructions or code readable by the computer and executable by the processor, on a suitable medium such as a read memory only (ROM), an access memory Random Access Memory (RAM), CD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, and optical data storage devices.
- ROM read memory only
- RAM random Access Memory
- CD-ROMs compact disc-read only memory
- magnetic tapes magnetic tapes
- floppy disks and optical data storage devices
- optical data storage devices optical data storage devices.
- the computer or computers may also be equipped with software modules that will process the seismic data, that is, those that have been directly measured by the receivers 15, 16 and those that have been deduced by seismic interferometry, to generate data. seismic images by known techniques of 3D migration, especially in inverse time (RTM).
- RTM inverse time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2828082A CA2828082C (fr) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-20 | Procede d'acquisition de donnees sismiques |
| US14/000,795 US9465122B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-20 | Method for acquiring seismic data |
| GB1313138.8A GB2501833B (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-20 | Method for acquiring seismic data |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1151481 | 2011-02-23 | ||
| FR1151481A FR2971858B1 (fr) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Procede d'acquisition de donnees sismiques |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012114033A1 true WO2012114033A1 (fr) | 2012-08-30 |
Family
ID=45873174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2012/050358 Ceased WO2012114033A1 (fr) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-20 | Procede d'acquisition de donnees sismiques |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9465122B2 (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR085377A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2828082C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2971858B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2501833B (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012114033A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10267935B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2019-04-23 | Cgg Services Sas | Induced seismic source method and device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9575193B2 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2017-02-21 | Westerngeco L.L.C. | Methods and computing systems for survey data enhancement |
| CN113640878B (zh) * | 2021-08-12 | 2024-03-29 | 西南石油大学 | 利用虚拟震源扫描构建方位角-视速度雷达图的方法 |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008070597A2 (fr) | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Atténuation de signal indésirable au moyen de techniques d'interférométrie |
| WO2008070595A2 (fr) | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Traitement de données sismiques utilisant des techniques d'interférométrie |
| WO2008106511A1 (fr) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Christof Stork | Mesure et modification de la directionnalité de données d'interférométrie sismique |
| US20100054083A1 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-04 | Christof Stork | Measuring and modifying directionality of seismic interferometry data |
| EP2166378A2 (fr) | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-24 | Geco Technology B.V. | Équilibrage directionnel interférométrique |
| EP2169431A2 (fr) | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | Geco Technology B.V. | Retrait de champs d'onde non physique de fonctions vertes interférométriques |
| WO2010120418A1 (fr) | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Geco Technology B.V. | Traitement interférométrique de données sismiques |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5402391A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-03-28 | Geophysical Exploration & Development Corp. | Arrangement of source and receiver lines for three-dimensional seismic data acquisition |
-
2011
- 2011-02-23 FR FR1151481A patent/FR2971858B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-02-20 WO PCT/FR2012/050358 patent/WO2012114033A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2012-02-20 GB GB1313138.8A patent/GB2501833B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-20 CA CA2828082A patent/CA2828082C/fr active Active
- 2012-02-20 US US14/000,795 patent/US9465122B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-22 AR ARP120100588A patent/AR085377A1/es active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008070597A2 (fr) | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Atténuation de signal indésirable au moyen de techniques d'interférométrie |
| WO2008070595A2 (fr) | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Traitement de données sismiques utilisant des techniques d'interférométrie |
| WO2008106511A1 (fr) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Christof Stork | Mesure et modification de la directionnalité de données d'interférométrie sismique |
| US20100054083A1 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-04 | Christof Stork | Measuring and modifying directionality of seismic interferometry data |
| EP2166378A2 (fr) | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-24 | Geco Technology B.V. | Équilibrage directionnel interférométrique |
| EP2169431A2 (fr) | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | Geco Technology B.V. | Retrait de champs d'onde non physique de fonctions vertes interférométriques |
| WO2010120418A1 (fr) | 2009-04-17 | 2010-10-21 | Geco Technology B.V. | Traitement interférométrique de données sismiques |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ANDREW CURTIS: "Source-Receiver Seismic Interferometry", SOCIETY OF EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS - CONFERENCE PAPER, September 2009 (2009-09-01), Houston, pages 3655 - 3659, XP002667859 * |
| DAVID HALLIDAY AND ANDREW CURTIS: "An interferometric theory of source-receiver scattering and imaging", GEOPHYSICS, SOCIETY OF EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS, US, vol. 75, no. 6, 1 November 2010 (2010-11-01), pages SA95 - SA103, XP001561997, ISSN: 0016-8033, [retrieved on 20101021], DOI: 10.1190/1.3486453 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10267935B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2019-04-23 | Cgg Services Sas | Induced seismic source method and device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9465122B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
| FR2971858A1 (fr) | 2012-08-24 |
| GB201313138D0 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
| AR085377A1 (es) | 2013-09-25 |
| FR2971858B1 (fr) | 2013-03-15 |
| GB2501833A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| CA2828082A1 (fr) | 2012-08-30 |
| CA2828082C (fr) | 2018-07-31 |
| GB2501833B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| US20130322211A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
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