WO2012116807A1 - Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la topographie de l'oeil - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la topographie de l'oeil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012116807A1
WO2012116807A1 PCT/EP2012/000869 EP2012000869W WO2012116807A1 WO 2012116807 A1 WO2012116807 A1 WO 2012116807A1 EP 2012000869 W EP2012000869 W EP 2012000869W WO 2012116807 A1 WO2012116807 A1 WO 2012116807A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
optical element
pattern
topography
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/000869
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mathias Beyerlein
Johannes Pfund
Holger BRÜNNER
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Optocraft GmbH
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Optocraft GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Publication of WO2012116807A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012116807A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/107—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/1015—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for wavefront analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/102—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for optical coherence tomography [OCT]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for measuring the topography (i.e., the spatial curvature) of a surface, particularly the surface of the cornea of the human or animal eye.
  • a pattern - usually a concentric arrangement of rings (Placido disc) - is projected onto the corneal surface according to a number of common measuring methods.
  • the image of this pattern on the cornea surface is photographically or by video technology recorded and - now computer-aided - evaluated.
  • the evaluation is based on the fact that the pattern projected on the cornea is distorted by deviations of the corneal surface from the ideal shape (for example flattenings, bulges, bumps, etc.) in relation to the projection onto an ideal cornea surface. From the distortion of the pattern in the recorded image is thus inferred to the shape of the cornea surface.
  • Video-Keratographical Techniques when using patterns in the form of concentric rings, are referred to as Placido Techniques. "Video-keratographic techniques regularly provide a comparatively high degree of uncertainty.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY te and incomplete acquisition of corneal topography This is partly due to the fact that the videokeratographic determination of the corneal topography is inherently possible only under various mathematical assumptions.
  • videookeratographic measurement methods only have a comparatively poor spatial resolution. Local or filigree surface structures whose dimensions are smaller than the pattern structure can not be recognized or measured with great inaccuracy. Furthermore, the method provides no measured values in the center of the measuring field.
  • a Alternatiwerfah ren ren for topography measurement of the corneal surface is known, which is hereinafter referred to briefly as "wavefront-based topometry” or “wavefront-based (measurement) method” .
  • a light beam is thrown onto the corneal surface via a diffractive optical element (DOE).
  • DOE diffractive optical element
  • the light reflected from the corneal surface is - again through the DOE - passed to a wavefront sensor and analyzed by this.
  • the DOE the light beam is diffracted in such a way that - after transmission through the DOE - it strikes the cornea surface almost everywhere.
  • the wavefront of the light beam is thus (pre-) adapted by the DOE to the corneal curvature - more precisely to an assumed ideal corneal curvature.
  • the wavefront-based method for topography measurement use is made of the fact that the wavefront profile of the reflected light contains information about the absolute shape of the cornea surface by changing the wavefront profile of the reflected light by deformations of the corneal surface with respect to the wavefront profile of the incident light bundle.
  • the wavefront-based method is much more precise than conventional videookeratographic methods. However, this method is also much more expensive and more expensive to realize, with effort and costs increase disproportionately with the diameter of the cornea surface to be measured.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a method, which is improved over the prior art, of measuring a surface topography, in particular the topography of the corneal surface.
  • the invention is further based on the object of specifying a particularly suitable apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • a videookeratographic measurement method is used to measure the topography in an outer region of the surface to be measured.
  • a pattern is projected onto the surface by means of a pattern generation unit.
  • the image of the pattern on the surface is recorded photographically or by video technique (i.e., by taking moving pictures).
  • the topography is measured in a wavefront-based method. It is thereby thrown a light beam over an optical element approximately everywhere perpendicular to the surface.
  • the wavefront profile of the light beam is deformed by the optical element in such a way that the curvature of the wavefronts at the location of the surface to be measured already corresponds approximately to the surface curvature.
  • the wavefront profile of the light bundle is thus - as described above - preceded by the topography of the surface to be measured.
  • the optical element is therefore also referred to below as "pre-adjustment element”.
  • the reflected light from the surface is - again via the Voranpassungselement - passed to a wavefront sensor and analyzed by this.
  • the light beam generated by the second measuring system is also designated together with the reflected light as a measuring beam of the wavefront-based topography measurement.
  • the method is preferably used for measuring the surface topography of the cornea.
  • the method can also be used for measuring the topography of other surfaces, eg for testing the surface of contact lenses, other spherical or aspherical lenses, curved mirrors, workpiece surfaces, etc.
  • the wavefront traverse even slight deviations of the topography of the lens system from the predefined wavefront course can be precisely detected.
  • the almost vertical reflection of the light at the surface reduces the loss of light due to stray light.
  • the two partial measurements are preferably carried out simultaneously.
  • the two partial measurements within the scope of the invention can be carried out one after the other with a short time interval. In this case, however, the surface and the measuring device are not moved relative to each other between the partial measurements.
  • both variants of the method is ensured in a simple and effective manner due to the stationary surface that both partial measurements are carried out under the same conditions. In particular, as a result of the stationary surface, potential measurement errors due to misalignment or movement-related deformation of the surface between the two partial measurements are excluded.
  • the pre-adjustment element is, in particular, a diffractive optical element (DOE).
  • DOE diffractive optical element
  • a surface-corrupted phase element is used as the DOE.
  • This is understood as a plate made of glass or a transparent plastic, in the surface of a relief-like diffraction grating is introduced.
  • phase-corrected phase element in particular a surface grating with extremely small grating period in the order of a few hundred nanometers and thus a comparatively large deflection angle of the diffracted light can be achieved.
  • the DOE in another way, for example by means of a volume hologram or a reflective diffractive element.
  • LCD phase-shifting liquid crystal displays
  • the formulation that the measuring beam is thrown onto the surface "above" the pre-adjustment element is to be understood as meaning that the measuring beam is thrown onto the surface in a transmissive optical system through the pre-adjustment element Accordingly, the light reflected from the surface is either transmitted or reflected by the optical element to the wavefront sensor.
  • the irradiation of the pattern and the image recording of the videokeratographic measurement method on the one hand, and the irradiation of the light beam deflected by the pre-adjustment element and the return of the reflected beam on the other hand are expediently carried out along a common optical axis, at which the surface to be measured is aligned as intended.
  • the pre-adjustment element is preferably arranged in a center of the pattern generation unit (in particular coaxially with an optical axis of the pattern generation unit).
  • the measuring beam for the wavefront-based measuring method is hereby preferably directed into the optical axis of the videookeratographic measuring system by means of a-in particular spectrally-selectively transmissive-beam splitter, or deflected out of this optical axis.
  • a diffractive Voranpassungselements is used for the videokeratographic method light of a wavelength that transmits the Voranpassungselement exclusively or at least predominantly in the zeroth diffraction order, ie, essentially passes without recognizable diffraction effects, or reflected.
  • a diffractive Voranpassungselements is used for the videokeratographic method light of a wavelength that transmits the Voranpassungselement exclusively or at least predominantly in the zeroth diffraction order, ie, essentially passes without recognizable diffraction effects, or reflected.
  • a spectral separation of the measurement beams preferably takes place by means of a wavelength-selective mirror and / or by spectral filters.
  • the videookeratographic method is designed appropriately in the manner of a Placido method.
  • a Placido cone is used, which allows a particularly strong approximation of the pattern generation unit to the surface.
  • the Placido cone consists of a conical (i.e., frusto-conical) lighting fixture or light guide body.
  • an axial leadthrough also known as "bore” without limitation of the production method
  • the sample surface is backlit over the luminaire body, whereupon the pattern is concentric
  • the pre-adjustment element is used in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the Voranpassungselement preferably has a diameter of the bore at least approximately corresponding diameter and thus fills the rear wall of the bore completely or at least almost completely.
  • placido cone instead of the placido cone, however, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to use another placido body, for example a flat or curved placido disk, or another pattern generator. Instead of Placido rings can Also, a different pattern, such as a grid or dot pattern are projected onto the surface.
  • the measuring ranges of the two topography measurements are preferably selected such that they overlap one another in the radial direction of the surface.
  • the two individual measurements are combined in an expedient embodiment of the invention to form a total topography.
  • the topography data determined at the center of the surface are used as absolute space coordinates and anchor points for the determination of the edge topography from the videookeratographic data. This represents a significant improvement over the conventional evaluation of
  • the overall imaging quality of the eye in an objective ratio of interest in ophthalmology In addition to the topography of the cornea, the overall imaging quality of the eye in an objective ratio of interest in ophthalmology.
  • knowledge of the total (wave) aberrations of the optical system is of importance.
  • a combination of topography and aberration measurement in a single device, especially in a simultaneous measurement method, is desirable.
  • the two measuring systems for topography measurement are therefore supplemented by a third measuring system for measuring the aberration.
  • the aberration is carried out by projection of a light spot onto the fundus here acting as a diffuser and analysis of the light beam backscattered by the eye along the inverse light path by means of wavefront sensors.
  • a method is also known per se from DE 103 42 175 A1 and WO
  • the aberration measurement is not limited to the ophthalmological application. Rather, the method can also be used to determine the aberration of a technical lens system, which is positioned in the beam path of the third measuring system instead of the eye. In the technical application of the method, instead of the fundus, a technical diffuser (ground glass) is used for backscattering the measuring beam.
  • a technical diffuser ground glass
  • aberration measurement in the context of the invention can also be carried out in a continuous beam guidance (single-pass), in which the measuring beam of the third measuring system penetrates the lens system only once and is thus generated and detected on different sides of the lens system.
  • the light beam generated by the third measuring system is also referred to as measuring beam of the aberration measurement, possibly together with the light backscattered on the diffuser.
  • This measuring beam is preferably likewise irradiated onto the eye or other lens system via the common optical axis of the topography measuring systems and returned by the latter.
  • the aberration measurement additionally achieves the following advantages:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a device for measuring the topography of the cornea with a first topography measurement system for a marginal corneal area, which operates according to a videokeratographic method, and a second topography measurement system for a central cornea Range that works according to a wavefront-based method,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the cornea of an eye to be measured, on which the measuring ranges of the first and second totography measuring systems are indicated, and
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the device in accordance with FIG. 1, which additionally has a third measuring system for an aberration measurement.
  • the device roughly sketched in FIG. 1 comprises a first measuring system 1 for a videookeratographic topography measurement and a second measuring system 2 for a wave front-based topography measurement.
  • the first measuring system 1 comprises a pattern-generating unit in the form of a Placido cone 3.
  • the Placido cone 3 is formed by a frusto-conical body made of transparent material, in particular glass or transparent plastic, which is penetrated along its cone axis by a central bore 4.
  • a strip-shaped pattern 6 is painted or otherwise applied.
  • the inner wall 5 serves as a luminous area, via which an image of the pattern 6 is projected onto the surface to be measured, here the cornea 7 of a human eye 8.
  • the light source 9 it is preferable to use one or more laser diodes which are disposed at the back, i. are arranged on the side facing away from the eye 8 base of the Placido cone 3.
  • the first measuring system 1 further comprises an image recording unit in the form of a video camera 10.
  • the placido cone 3 and the video camera 10 are aligned coaxially relative to one another with respect to a common optical axis 11, so that by means of the video camera 0 through the bore 4 on the Cor - nea 7 projected image of the pattern 6 can be recorded video-technically.
  • measuring beam A The projected from the inner wall 5 on the cornea surface and thrown back from there in the direction of the video camera 10 light beam is hereinafter referred to as measuring beam A.
  • the light source 20 is preceded by a Kepler telescope 22 for widening the measuring beam B via a beam splitter 21.
  • the Kepler telescope 22 is again preceded by a beam splitter 23, via which the measuring beam B is superimposed in a common beam path region 24 of the measuring systems 1 and 2.
  • the beam splitter 23 has a spectral-selective effect on the light of the measuring beam B.
  • the measuring beam A is transmitted at least largely uninfluenced by the beam splitter 23 due to its deviating wavelength.
  • a diffractive optical element (hereinafter DOE 25) of the second measuring system 2 is arranged in the coaxial with the optical axis 1 1 extending beam path region 24 in the coaxial with the optical axis 1 1 extending beam path region 24, a diffractive optical element (hereinafter DOE 25) of the second measuring system 2 is arranged.
  • the DOE 25 is arranged approximately coplanar with the base and coaxial with the axis of the Placido cone 3 and covers the introduced into the Placido cone 3 implementation 4 completely.
  • the DOE 25 thus forms a common aperture of the measuring systems 1 and 2.
  • the second measuring system 2 further comprises a wavefront sensor 26, in particular in the form of a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
  • the wavefront sensor 26 is arranged coaxially with an axis 27 of the Kepler telescope 22 beyond the beam splitter 21.
  • the DOE 25 is a surface-corrupted glass phase element.
  • the DOE 25 is designed such that it transmits the measurement beam A of the first measurement system 1 exclusively in the zeroth diffraction order, and the measurement beam B of the second measurement system 2 exclusively in the first diffraction order.
  • a so-called front end 28 of the device is formed from the Placido cone 3 and the - in particular directly attached - DOE 25. The front end 28 serves to combine the measuring functionalities of the two measuring systems 1 and 2.
  • the applied on the inner wall 5 pattern 6 consists of alternating light and dark stripes, which are displayed in the backlight as concentric rings on the cornea and observed with the video camera 10.
  • the distortion of the rings on the cornea surface is a measure of the deviations of the surface from a perfect spherical shape.
  • the DOE 25 replaced in the example shown, the bottom of the implementation of a conventional Placido cone.
  • the DOE 25 directs the incident rays of the measuring beam B onto the corneal surface.
  • a curved wavefront profile thus forms in the region of the cornea 7 as a result of the diffraction effect described above.
  • this wavefront profile is pre-adjusted such that the curvature of the wavefronts in the area of the cornea 7 corresponds to the average surface curvature of the human cornea, and thus the incident measuring beam B strikes the cornea surface approximately perpendicularly everywhere.
  • the DOE 25 is designed such that the curved wavefront curve corresponds to a spherical wave.
  • a spherical wave contains a focus by means of which a comparatively simple calibration of the entire measuring system is possible.
  • the DOE 25 is alternatively designed such that the curved wavefront profile corresponds to a spherical wave with a conical portion adapted to the cornea 7. Again alternatively, it is provided to form the DOE 25 such that the shape of the wavefronts at the location of the cornea 7 of the Standard eye model of Gullstrand derived average shape of the cornea corresponds. '
  • the rays of the thus-biased measurement beam B are approximated at the cornea surface but are not usually reflected back in themselves.
  • the measuring beam B is guided on the wavefront sensor 16, by means of which the surface deviations of the cornea 7 from the pre-adjustment are detected as wave aberrations.
  • the first measuring beam A is merely for better reasons Clarity only in the lower half of the picture, and the measuring beam B shown only in the upper half of the picture.
  • both the first measuring beam A and the second measuring beam B are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the optical axis 1 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the cornea 7 of the eye 8 to be measured.
  • a peripheral measuring range C of the first measuring system 1 and a central measuring range D of the second measuring system 2 are indicated by hatched areas. It can be seen that the two measuring ranges C and D overlap one another in an annular region E. Again, only for the sake of clarity, the two measuring ranges C and D are shown in juxtaposition only on each of the half cornea surface. In practice, the measuring ranges D and C form concentric circular or annular surfaces.
  • the second embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 4 comprises, in addition to the (topography) measuring systems 1 and 2, a third measuring system 30 for an aberration measurement.
  • the light source 31 is preceded by a Kepler telescope 33 for expanding the measuring beam F via a beam splitter 32.
  • the Kepler Telescope 33 is again preceded by a beam splitter 34, via which the measuring beam F is superimposed in the common beam path region 24 of the measuring systems 1 and 2.
  • the third measuring system 3 further comprises a wavefront sensor 35 in the form of a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
  • the measuring beam F is first formed as a fine laser beam so that it enters the eye 8 in the central region of the eye pupil and there meets the (eye) retina 36.
  • the measuring beam F is thereby transmitted in the passage through the DOE 25 exclusively in the zeroth diffraction order, that is transmitted substantially unchanged.
  • the light of the incident measuring beam F is scattered and thus forms a new light source point.
  • the light beam emanating from this point (also referred to as backscattered measuring beam F) is now refracted as it passes through the eye lens 37 and the cornea 7, whereby the wavefront behavior of the backscattered measuring beam F measured by the wavefront sensor 35 provides information about the refractive power and the imaging quality of the eye is wearing.
  • measuring system 3 further measuring systems can be integrated into the device, in particular an OCT measuring system.
  • OCT measuring system for the construction of such an OCT measuring system and its combination with the other measuring systems, reference is made to the publications DE 10 2009 017 144 A1 and WO 2010/1 18840 A1.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de mesure de la topographie de surface, en particulier de la topographie de la surface de la cornée (7) de l'oeil. Selon ce procédé, on effectue une mesure partielle de la topographie dans une zone extérieure (C) de la surface par vidéokératographie en projetant un motif (6) sur la surface à l'aide d'un dispositif de génération de motifs (3). L'image du motif (6) sur la surface est enregistrée par des moyens photographiques ou vidéotechniques. Pour mesurer la topographie d'une zone centrale (D) de la surface, on effectue une mesure partielle suivant le principe de mesure du front d'onde en projetant un faisceau de lumière (B) approximativement partout perpendiculairement à la surface par l'intermédiaire d'un élément optique (25). La lumière réfléchie par la surface est transférée par l'élément optique (25) à un capteur de front d'onde (26) qui l'analyse.
PCT/EP2012/000869 2011-03-03 2012-02-29 Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la topographie de l'oeil Ceased WO2012116807A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013060.8 2011-03-03
DE102011013060 2011-03-03

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WO2012116807A1 true WO2012116807A1 (fr) 2012-09-07

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3223249A4 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2017-11-29 GRG Banking Equipment Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de reconnaissance de pli de papier-monnaie
CN109696742A (zh) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 卡尔蔡司医疗技术股份公司 显微镜
CN111803025A (zh) * 2020-05-12 2020-10-23 香港理工大学 便携式角膜地形图采集系统
EP3755205A4 (fr) * 2018-02-22 2022-03-23 Intelligent Diagnostics LLC Système de topographie cornéenne basé sur un dispositif de communication mobile
US11471046B2 (en) 2019-04-01 2022-10-18 Intelligent Diagnostics, Llc Corneal topography system operations

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000028884A1 (fr) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-25 Benedikt Jean Procede et appareil permettant de determiner simultanement la topometrie et la biometrie de la surface de l'oeil
US6070981A (en) * 1997-11-11 2000-06-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon Ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus
WO2005027741A1 (fr) 2003-09-12 2005-03-31 Optocraft Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour mesurer la topographie superficielle et l'aberration d'onde d'un systeme a lentille, notamment d'un oeil
WO2010118840A1 (fr) 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Optocraft Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de mesure d'un système de lentilles, en particulier d'un oeil

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6070981A (en) * 1997-11-11 2000-06-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon Ophthalmologic characteristic measuring apparatus
WO2000028884A1 (fr) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-25 Benedikt Jean Procede et appareil permettant de determiner simultanement la topometrie et la biometrie de la surface de l'oeil
WO2005027741A1 (fr) 2003-09-12 2005-03-31 Optocraft Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour mesurer la topographie superficielle et l'aberration d'onde d'un systeme a lentille, notamment d'un oeil
DE10342175A1 (de) 2003-09-12 2005-04-14 Optocraft Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Messung der Oberflächentopographie und Wellenaberrationen eines Linsensystems, insbesondere eines Auges
WO2010118840A1 (fr) 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Optocraft Gmbh Dispositif et procédé de mesure d'un système de lentilles, en particulier d'un oeil
DE102009017144A1 (de) 2009-04-15 2010-10-21 Optocraft Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Vermessung eines Linsensystems, insbesondere eines Auges

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3223249A4 (fr) * 2014-11-19 2017-11-29 GRG Banking Equipment Co., Ltd. Procédé et appareil de reconnaissance de pli de papier-monnaie
US10388099B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2019-08-20 Grg Banking Equipment Co., Ltd. Paper currency fold recognition apparatus and method
CN109696742A (zh) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 卡尔蔡司医疗技术股份公司 显微镜
EP3755205A4 (fr) * 2018-02-22 2022-03-23 Intelligent Diagnostics LLC Système de topographie cornéenne basé sur un dispositif de communication mobile
US11412926B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2022-08-16 Intelligent Diagnostics, Llc Corneal topography system and methods
US11471046B2 (en) 2019-04-01 2022-10-18 Intelligent Diagnostics, Llc Corneal topography system operations
US11576573B2 (en) 2019-04-01 2023-02-14 Intelligent Dignostics LLC Corneal topography methods
CN111803025A (zh) * 2020-05-12 2020-10-23 香港理工大学 便携式角膜地形图采集系统
CN111803025B (zh) * 2020-05-12 2024-04-05 香港理工大学 便携式角膜地形图采集系统

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