WO2012118411A2 - Procédé pour le développement complémentaire des dépôts d'hydrocarbures naturels épuisés - Google Patents

Procédé pour le développement complémentaire des dépôts d'hydrocarbures naturels épuisés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012118411A2
WO2012118411A2 PCT/RU2012/000153 RU2012000153W WO2012118411A2 WO 2012118411 A2 WO2012118411 A2 WO 2012118411A2 RU 2012000153 W RU2012000153 W RU 2012000153W WO 2012118411 A2 WO2012118411 A2 WO 2012118411A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
deposit
gas
stratum
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2012/000153
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English (en)
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WO2012118411A3 (fr
Inventor
Azary Aleksandrovich BARENBAUM
Sumbat Nabievich ZAKIROV
Ernest Sumbatovich ZAKIROV
Vladimir Aleksandrovich SEREBRYAKOV
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Galadigma LLC
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Galadigma LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Galadigma LLC filed Critical Galadigma LLC
Priority to RU2012131829/03A priority Critical patent/RU2514078C2/ru
Publication of WO2012118411A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012118411A2/fr
Publication of WO2012118411A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012118411A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/40—Separation associated with re-injection of separated materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
    • E21B41/0057—Disposal of a fluid by injection into a subterranean formation
    • E21B41/0064—Carbon dioxide sequestration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/18—Repressuring or vacuum methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the oil-gas industry, specifically to development of depleted natural hydrocarbon deposits.
  • Natural hydrocarbon deposits are generally understood to include gas, gas condensate, oil, oil and gas condensate, gas condensate and oil, and gas hydrate deposits.
  • the inventors have excluded gas hydrate deposits from further consideration as they are not currently under commercial development.
  • Oil extraction in developed countries is usually more efficient, since many oil companies strategically strive to achieve an average of approximately 70% oil extraction [Surguchev M.L. Secondary and tertiary methods of increasing oil recovery from strata. Moscow: Nedra. 1985. 308 p.]. However, published data on all oil fields in the world are not available.
  • Another equally important challenge is related to environmental protection through reducing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.
  • the proposed invention aims to address these two challenges.
  • a method of using depleted gas deposits for underground gas storage Numerous implementation examples of this method can be found around the world.
  • Russia the most characteristic example is the conversion of the Khadumskaya deposit at the Severo-Stavropolskoye field to an underground gas storage [Varyagov S.A. Scientific and Engineering Problems Encountered during Creation and Operation of Severo-Stavropolskoye Underground Gas Storage. / Materials of international conference "Underground Gas Storage: Reliability and Efficiency" (Moscow, October 11-13, 2006): 2 volumes. Volume 1, p. 93-109. - Moscow: Gazprom Information and Advertising Center, LLC, 2007, - 190 p.].
  • Depleted gas condensate deposits are also converted for this purpose. Examples of this in Russia are the Kushchevskoye field in the Krasnodar Territory, the Sovkhoznoye field in Orenburg Region, and the Kanchurinsko-Musinskiy underground gas storage facility in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
  • the user of subsurface resources utilizes the available wells at the depleted deposit for the purpose of gas injection into the stratum for storage and gas extraction during use.
  • Conversion of a depleted gas condensate deposit to an underground gas storage facility has an additional positive effect in the form of gas condensate appearing in the extracted product. This is the condensate that was deposited in the stratum and began evaporating partially into the dry gas pumped into the depleted reservoir.
  • Underground gas storage imposes more requirements for monitoring of gas injection and recovery process as well as possible gas leaks from storage.
  • the method is designed to cover only seasonal or daily gas consumption peaks and does not solve the problem of environmental protection, as proposed by this disclosure.
  • the method in question increases the load on the Earth's atmosphere, because the compressors used to pump the gas into the stratum (and deliver it to the consumers) release a considerable amount of carbon dioxide.
  • the prototype method has the following drawbacks:
  • the method is designed for carbon dioxide disposal only, i.e. it does not provide for additional development of the gas deposit.
  • the method is unprofitable both in terms of capital and operating costs. It will only become widespread when the emission penalties exceed the costs of underground disposal of carbon dioxide. However, this is not a very efficient way to protect the environment.
  • Fig. 1 is schematic diagram illustrating an experimental plant diagram, in accordance with the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is an illustration of chromatograms of gases produced in reaction (1) with low (A) and high (B) hydrogen output, in accordance with the present disclosure
  • the invention is based on the results of laboratory experiments related to the genesis of natural hydrocarbons in the depths of the Earth.
  • the experiments included passing an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide, simulating meteorological water, through a porous bulk medium, simulating Earth crust rocks with typical terrigenous and carbonaceous composition.
  • An admixture of iron-bearing compound iron turnings, powdered iron oxide and dioxide etc. was added to the model media as catalyst.
  • the experiments were conducted at room temperature and atmospheric pressure at the outlet of the laboratory device.
  • FIG. 1 A simplified diagram of the laboratory unit developed for this purpose is shown in Fig.
  • the illustrated components are labelled as follows: 1 - reaction column with a heating element, 2 - mixer, 3 - accumulating separator, 4 - gas chromatograph, 5 - carbon dioxide cylinder, 6 - pressure reducer, 7 - adjustable valve, 8 - pressure gauge, 9 - recirculating pump, 10 - flow meter, 11 - pH meter.
  • the unit comprised of a reaction (or reactor) column (1), filled with bulk model substance. Water with the specified dissolved carbon dioxide concentration was supplied to the reaction column inlet from a mixer (2). Upon exiting the reaction column the fluid was delivered to an accumulating separator (3) where gaseous reaction products were separated from it for subsequent analysis by a gas chromatograph (4).
  • a 20 litre tank capable of withstanding pressure up to 15 atmospheres served as the mixer.
  • Carbon dioxide concentration in the solution was adjusted through pressure and the duration of water saturation with carbon dioxide in the mixing unit.
  • Fig. 2 shows the chromatograms of gases produced in reaction (1) with low (A) and high (B) hydrogen output. The following spikes are identified in the chromatograms: a - hydrogen, b - methane, and c - ethane. In case of high output the hydrogen spike overlaps the methane spike.
  • the output of hydrogen and hydrocarbon gases as reaction products were considerably influenced by the carbon dioxide concentration in the aqueous solution, flow rate of the solution through the reaction column, the pressure in the reaction column, as well as the catalyst type and amount.
  • nC0 2 + 4(n+l)H 2 0 C n H 2n+2 + (3n+l)H 2 + (3n+l)0 2
  • the objective of this invention is to create a method for the additional development of depleted oil and gas deposits that would permit the additional extraction of residual gas, oil and condensate reserves as well as hydrogen, oxygen and hydrocarbons synthesized in the stratum by means of man-made carbon dioxide disposal.
  • the deposit is prepared for additional development.
  • a 3D geological, and subsequently - a 3D gas-hydrodynamic model of the productive stratum is built for the natural hydrocarbon deposit in question.
  • the 3D hydrodynamic model of the stratum is adapted to the actual well operating conditions and the deposit development monitoring data. Taking into account the chemical reactions occurring in the stratum, a series of forecast calculations is carried out using the adapted 3D hydrodynamic model of the stratum to identify the best option (from the engineering and economic standpoint) for additional development of the deposit in question, including for the injection of the working agent.
  • the best (optimal) option for additional development is selected based on the specified optimality criterion - for example, net present value (NPV).
  • NSV net present value
  • the optimal well distribution pattern, well operation modes and target average formation pressure dynamics are determined for the best additional development option.
  • An aqueous solution of carbon dioxide can be used as the working agent.
  • carbon dioxide can be injected into the most flooded parts of the deposit in a gaseous form.
  • Another possibility is to alternate injection of water plugs and gaseous carbon dioxide into the stratum. If necessary, injection options can be combined.
  • At least one injection well is created and/or used to pump at least one working agent into the deposit for the purpose of obtaining hydrogen, oxygen and methane homologs and further extracting the natural hydrocarbons remaining in the stratum. Also, at least one working agent is injected until the specified/predetermined formation pressure is achieved which is necessary for the reaction to occur and for additional hydrocarbons to be extracted from the deposit.
  • At least one production well is created and/or used. Extraction of formation fluids is started after the specified/predetermined formation pressure is reached in the deposit. Water, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are recovered from the extracted formation fluids. The extracted water and unreacted carbon dioxide are directed to at least one injection well for reinjection into the deposit.
  • the proposed method can be implemented as a continuous process.
  • Water and/or carbon dioxide can be used as the working agent.
  • a possible option is to use a catalyst when injecting the working agent. If no catalysts are present in the material composition of the deposit rocks, the selected catalyst is added to the aqueous solution of carbon dioxide or water injected into the stratum.
  • Known substances used as catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis and hydrogen generation by methane conversion serve as catalysts.
  • the method for the additional development of depleted gas deposits involves the use of the existing field infrastructure, including gas wells; carbon dioxide injection into the stratum not only for the purpose of its underground disposal, but also to enable renewal of hydrogen, oxygen and natural gaseous hydrocarbons in the stratum and for additional extraction of low-pressure gas remaining in the stratum; use of some of the available wells as production wells and the rest - as injection wells; carbon dioxide injection in the form of an aqueous solution through injection wells; extraction of low-pressure gas, hydrogen and methane homologs synthesized in the stratum, and water from the production wells; separation of the extracted products on the surface; delivery of gaseous products to the consumers after processing, and reinjection of the extracted water and unreacted carbon dioxide into the stratum through injection wells.
  • the existing well stock is supplemented by drilling new production and injection wells, including use of horizontal drilling technologies; carbon dioxide is pumped into all or some of the injection wells in a gaseous form; the proposed method is implemented by alternating injection of water plugs and gaseous carbon dioxide into the stratum; the process of additional development of the gas deposit is monitored using known hydrodynamic and geophysical methods, including analysis for 14 C isotope content.
  • the proposed method for the additional development of depleted gas condensate deposits involves the use of the existing field infrastructure; availability of a carbon dioxide source; carbon dioxide injection into the stratum not only for the purpose of its underground disposal, but also to enable renewal of hydrogen, oxygen and natural gaseous hydrocarbons in the stratum and additional extraction of low-pressure gas and condensate deposited in the stratum; use of some of the available wells as production wells and the rest - as injection wells; carbon dioxide injection in the form of an aqueous solution through injection wells; extraction of low-pressure gas and gas condensate dissolved in it, condensate deposited in the stratum and displaced by the injected aqueous solution of carbon dioxide, methane homologs synthesized in the stratum, hydrogen and oxygen generated as a result of water decomposition, and water from the production wells; separation of the extracted products on the surface; delivery of gaseous products to the consumers after processing and recovery of unreacted carbon dioxide, and reinjection of the extracted water with new portions of carbon dioxide,
  • the existing well stock is supplemented by drilling new production and injection wells, including use of horizontal drilling technologies; carbon dioxide is pumped into all or some of the injection wells in a gaseous form; the proposed method is implemented by alternating injection of water plugs and gaseous carbon dioxide into the stratum; filtration flow directions are changed and flow and input profiles are adjusted in production and injection wells to improve the sweep efficiency; the process of additional development of the gas condensate deposit is monitored using known hydrodynamic and geophysical methods, including analysis for 14 C isotope content.
  • the proposed method for the additional development of depleted oil deposits involves the use of the existing field infrastructure, including production and injection wells, and carbon dioxide injection into the stratum not only for the purpose of its underground disposal in the oil deposit, but also to enable renewal of natural hydrocarbons, hydrogen and oxygen in the stratum and additional extraction of oil and gas remaining in the stratum; putting all wells previously decommissioned due to flooding or asset unprofitability back into operation; carbon dioxide injection in the form of an aqueous solution through injection wells; recovery of residual oil and gas dissolved in it, water, unreacted carbon dioxide, methane homologs synthesized in the stratum as well as hydrogen and oxygen generated; separation of the extracted products on the surface; delivery of oil and gas products to the consumers after processing and recovery of unreacted carbon dioxide, and reinjection of the extracted water with new portions of water, carbon dioxide and unreacted carbon dioxide into the stratum.
  • the existing well stock is supplemented by drilling new production and injection wells, including the use of horizontal drilling technologies; carbon dioxide is pumped into all or some of the injection wells in a gaseous form; the proposed method is implemented by alternating injection of water plugs and gaseous carbon dioxide into the stratum; filtration flow directions are changed and flow and input profiles are adjusted in production and injection wells to improve the sweep efficiency; the process of additional development of the gas deposit is monitored using known hydrodynamic and geophysical methods, including analysis for 14 C isotope content.
  • Prediction calculations are performed using the created 3D model of the stratum in 3D multi-component arrangement, taking the chemical reactions occurring in the stratum according to the above-mentioned equation into account.
  • the optimal option of additional development of the oil deposit by carbon dioxide injection into the stratum is identified.
  • the available wells are divided into the production well stock and injection well stock. This predefines their position in the oil productive area.
  • an aqueous solution of carbon dioxide is pumped into the least flooded parts of the deposit through some of the injection wells and gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped into the most flooded parts of the deposit through the rest of the injection wells.
  • the injected working agent maintains formation pressure and forces the oil remaining in the stratum towards production well bottoms.
  • Carbon dioxide in aqueous or gaseous phase begins dissolving in the oil as well as in the residual water.
  • oil and residual water volume is increased, leading to higher oil mobility. This creates conditions for filtration of some of the oil remaining in the stratum towards production well bottoms due to movement of the water front with carbon dioxide dissolved in the water.
  • the proposed underground carbon dioxide disposal method is different from the traditional one. Specifically, the injected carbon dioxide first performs the function of a useful agent by participating in additional extraction of oil and gas remaining in the stratum, and even more importantly - in hydrogen and oxygen generation and in the extraction of synthesized methane homologs. It becomes just a "buried" gas only when extraction of the above-mentioned products drops to an unprofitable level.
  • Oil and water are recovered from the liquid phase. Oil is delivered to the consumers, and water is reinjected into the stratum. Hydrogen, oxygen, methane homologs and unreacted carbon dioxide are recovered from the gaseous phase. Hydrogen, oxygen and methane homologs are delivered to the consumers, and carbon dioxide is reinjected into the stratum with the water. If needed, catalysts are introduced into the carbon dioxide solution injected into the stratum together with additional amounts of water and carbon dioxide.
  • the existing well stock is supplemented by drilling new production and injection wells, including use of horizontal drilling technologies.
  • carbon dioxide is injected in a gaseous form.
  • the proposed method is implemented by alternating injection of water plugs and gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the proposed method for the additional development of oil deposits allows complete or partial recovery of expenses on underground carbon dioxide disposal through additional extraction of low-pressure gas, residual oil and condensate, hydrogen, oxygen, and methane homologs synthesized in the stratum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne l'industrie du pétrole et du gaz et, plus précisément, le développement complémentaire des dépôts d'hydrocarbures naturels épuisés. Dans le procédé de l'invention : le dépôt est préparé pour un développement complémentaire ; au moins un puits d'injection est créé et/ou utilisé pour pomper au moins un agent de travail dans le dépôt dans le but d'obtenir des homologues d'hydrogène, d'oxygène et de méthane et d'extraire ensuite les hydrocarbures naturels restant dans la strate ; au moins un agent de travail est injecté jusqu'à ce que la pression de formation prédéterminée soit atteinte dans le dépôt ; au moins un puits de production est créé et/ou utilisé ; l'extraction des fluides de formation est initiée après que la pression de formation spécifiée est atteinte dans le dépôt ; de l'eau, des hydrocarbures, de l'hydrogène, de l'oxygène et du dioxyde de carbone sont récupérés dans les fluides de formation extraits ; l'eau extraite et le dioxyde de carbone n'ayant pas réagi sont dirigés vers au moins un puits d'injection pour être réinjectés dans le dépôt. Le procédé de l'invention est approprié pour tous les types de dépôts d'hydrocarbures naturels épuisés. Le procédé permet : premièrement, non seulement d'enfouir le dioxyde de carbone sous le sol, mais également de l'utiliser pour produire des homologues d'hydrogène, d'oxygène et de méthane dans la strate ; deuxièmement, d'extraire encore le pétrole, le gaz et le condensat restant dans la strate ; et troisièmement, non seulement d'engager des frais, mais également de générer des revenus à partir de la vente des produits précédemment mentionnés.
PCT/RU2012/000153 2011-03-03 2012-03-02 Procédé pour le développement complémentaire des dépôts d'hydrocarbures naturels épuisés Ceased WO2012118411A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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RU2012131829/03A RU2514078C2 (ru) 2011-03-03 2012-03-02 Способ доразработки истощенных залежей природных углеводородов

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RUPCT/RU2011/000139 2011-03-03
RU2011000139 2011-03-03

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BOKSERMAN A.A., OIL RECOVERY AND RENEWAL. // NEFTESERVIS ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE, vol. 3, no. 11, 2010, pages 24 - 26
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019071082A1 (fr) * 2017-10-06 2019-04-11 Oxy Usa Inc. Système et procédé de séparation pour production de pétrole
US11441410B2 (en) 2017-10-06 2022-09-13 Oxy Usa Inc. System and method for oil production separation

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