WO2012126439A2 - 天线阵列、天线装置和基站 - Google Patents

天线阵列、天线装置和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012126439A2
WO2012126439A2 PCT/CN2012/076278 CN2012076278W WO2012126439A2 WO 2012126439 A2 WO2012126439 A2 WO 2012126439A2 CN 2012076278 W CN2012076278 W CN 2012076278W WO 2012126439 A2 WO2012126439 A2 WO 2012126439A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
array
antenna sub
arrays
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/076278
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2012126439A3 (zh
Inventor
艾鸣
罗英涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP12760991.5A priority Critical patent/EP2846400B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/076278 priority patent/WO2012126439A2/zh
Priority to JP2015514315A priority patent/JP5969698B2/ja
Priority to CN201280000882.0A priority patent/CN102859789B/zh
Publication of WO2012126439A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012126439A2/zh
Publication of WO2012126439A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012126439A3/zh
Priority to US14/554,765 priority patent/US10181657B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061Two dimensional planar arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional antenna array, which is composed of five antenna sub-arrays in a vertical direction. Generally, the horizontal spacing of the radiating elements in the antenna sub-array is less than half a working wavelength, and under a certain power distribution, the antenna array can meet the demand for low horizontal side lobes.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna array, an antenna device, and a base station to reduce horizontal side lobes of an antenna array pattern and improve an ultra-wideband index.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array, including: at least two antenna sub-arrays, the at least two antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a vertical direction, and each of the antenna sub-arrays includes a plurality of radiating elements;
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna sub-array are staggered in the horizontal direction.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna apparatus, including at least one antenna array, where the antenna array includes: at least two antenna sub-arrays, each of the at least two antenna sub-arrays being arranged in a vertical direction, the antenna
  • the sub-array includes a plurality of radiating elements; in at least two antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction, the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the sub-array sub-arrays are horizontally Staggered settings.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including: an antenna device;
  • the antenna device includes at least one antenna array; the antenna array includes: at least two antenna sub-arrays, each of the at least two antenna sub-arrays being arranged in a vertical direction, the antenna sub-array comprising a plurality of radiating elements; at least two In the antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction, the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna sub-array are staggered in the horizontal direction.
  • An antenna array, an antenna device, and a base station in an antenna array, at least two radiating elements corresponding to positions in the antenna sub-array in the antenna sub-array adjacent to the vertical direction are in a horizontal direction
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional antenna array
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an antenna device
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a beamforming network in the antenna device shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another beamforming network in the antenna device shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a base station according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure;
  • FIG. 14 is a horizontal view of a conventional antenna array
  • FIG. 15 is a horizontal diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna array includes:
  • At least two antenna sub-arrays At least two antenna sub-arrays, at least two antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a vertical direction, and each antenna sub-array includes a plurality of radiating elements;
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna array are staggered in the horizontal direction.
  • the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a multi-beam antenna array, for example, the dual-beam antenna array shown in FIG.
  • the antenna sub-arrays can be arranged in parallel.
  • the antenna sub-arrays can be equally spaced.
  • the antenna array shown in FIG. 2 includes four antenna sub-arrays in the vertical direction, namely: an antenna sub-array 1, an antenna sub-array 2, an antenna sub-array 3, and an antenna sub-array 4.
  • 2 is an example of an antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified in the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the number of rows and/or the number of columns of the radiating elements included may vary.
  • the horizontal side lobe energy of the pattern of each antenna sub-array can be canceled by each other.
  • the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least two are in the vertical direction.
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna array may be staggered along the horizontal direction.
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna array refer to radiating units having the same number of rows and columns in the respective antenna sub-arrays.
  • the column radiation unit 21 is two radiation units corresponding to the position.
  • the first column of radiating elements 21 of the first row in the second antenna sub-array 2 and the first row of radiating elements 11 of the first row of the first antenna sub-array 1 are not in the vertical direction. Alignment setting, but the first column of radiating elements 21 of the first row in the second antenna sub-array 2 is opposite to the first row of radiating elements 11 of the first row of the first antenna sub-array 1 in the horizontal right direction Staggered a certain distance.
  • the first column of radiating elements 21 of the first row in the second antenna sub-array 2 is opposite to the first row of radiating cells of the first row of the first antenna sub-array 1. 11 , You can also stagger a certain distance in the horizontal left direction.
  • At least one of the radiating elements in one antenna sub-array may be located between two radiating elements in the other antenna sub-array in the vertical direction.
  • the first row of radiating elements 21 of the first row in the second antenna sub-array 2 from top to bottom upward is located in the first antenna sub-array 1 in the vertical direction. Between the first row of radiating elements 11 of the first row and the second row of radiating cells 12 of the first row.
  • At least one radiating unit in one antenna sub-array may be located in a vertical direction in a center line of two radiating elements in another antenna sub-array.
  • the first row of radiating elements 21 of the first row in the second antenna sub-array 2 from top to bottom upward is located in the first antenna sub-array 1 in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical distance X3 of the line is equal to half the pitch X1 of the first row of radiating elements 11 of the first row and the radiating cells 12 of the first row and the second row of the first antenna sub-array 1.
  • the energy of the horizontal side lobes after the pattern synthesis of each antenna sub-array can be mutually canceled, thereby improving the ultra-wideband index of the antenna array and improving the capacity of the communication system.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another embodiment of an antenna array according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, optionally, at least one antenna sub-array of the antenna array is adjacent in a horizontal direction. The at least two radiating elements can be staggered along the vertical direction.
  • the second row of radiating elements 12 of the first row in the first antenna sub-array 1 from top to bottom upward is perpendicular to the radiating elements 11 of the first row and the first row.
  • the radiation unit 13 of the first row and the third row is not offset by a certain distance in the vertical direction, and is arranged in the horizontal direction with the radiation unit 13 of the first row and the third row.
  • the second row of radiating elements 12 of the first row in the first antenna sub-array 1 from top to bottom upwards is perpendicular to the radiating elements 11 of the first row and the first row.
  • the direction is shifted downward by a certain distance
  • the radiation unit 13 of the first row and the third row is also shifted downward by a certain distance in the vertical direction.
  • each antenna sub-array includes two rows and four columns of radiating elements. It can be understood that the antenna array provided in this embodiment provides an antenna array. The number of rows and/or the number of columns of the radiating elements included in each antenna sub-array may be different.
  • At least one of the at least one antenna sub-array in the horizontal direction may be located between two adjacent radiating units in the vertical direction.
  • the radiating elements 12 of the first row and the second column are in the horizontal direction, and are located in the first row and the first column. Between the radiating element 11 and the radiating element 15 of the first row of the second row.
  • At least one of the at least one antenna sub-array in the horizontal direction may be located on a center line of two adjacent radiating units in the vertical direction.
  • the radiating elements 12 of the first row and the second column are in the horizontal direction, and are located in the first row and the first column.
  • the vertical far side lobe energy after the pattern synthesis of each antenna sub-array can cancel each other, thereby improving the ultra-wideband index of the antenna array. Increase the capacity of the communication system.
  • adjacent antenna sub-arrays may be alternately arranged in different directions in the horizontal direction from the top to the bottom.
  • the first group of adjacent antenna sub-arrays in the vertical top-to-bottom direction the antenna sub-array 1 and the antenna sub-array 2
  • the second antenna sub-array 2 is offset to the right in the horizontal direction with respect to the antenna sub-array 1.
  • a second set of adjacent antenna sub-arrays in a vertically top-to-bottom direction an antenna sub-array 2 and an antenna sub-array 3, the antenna sub-array 3 being offset to the left in the horizontal direction with respect to the antenna sub-array 2.
  • the spacing of adjacent radiating elements in at least one antenna sub-array may be equal to the spacing of adjacent radiating elements in the antenna sub-array adjacent in the vertical direction.
  • the spacing of adjacent radiating elements in the first antenna sub-array 1 is X1
  • the signals input by the radiating elements in the at least one antenna sub-array are input to the radiating elements at corresponding positions in the antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction.
  • the signal phases can differ by 45 degrees. As shown in FIG.
  • the phase of the signal input in the radiation unit 35 of the second row and the first column of the third antenna sub-array 3 is +90 degrees
  • the fourth antenna sub-array The phase of the signal input in the radiating element 45 of the second row and the first row of 4 is +45 degrees; the phase of the signal input in the radiating element 36 of the second row and the second column of the third antenna sub-array 3 is 0 degree, The phase of the signal input in the radiating element 46 of the second row and the second column of the four antenna sub-arrays 4 is -45 degrees, and so on.
  • the radiating elements in the same column may be electrically connected, and/or the radiating elements in the same row may be electrically connected.
  • Figure 7 shows an implementation scenario in which the radiating elements in the same column are electrically connected in the antenna sub-array 1, the antenna sub-array 2, the antenna sub-array 3, and the antenna sub-array 4.
  • each antenna sub-array may have the same number of radiating elements in each row, and the number of radiating units included in each column may be equal.
  • Figure 2-7 shows an implementation scenario in which the antenna sub-array 1, the antenna sub-array 2, the antenna sub-array 3, and the antenna sub-array 4 each include two rows and four columns of radiating elements.
  • FIG. 8 shows an implementation scenario in which the antenna sub-array 1 to the antenna sub-array 6 each include one row and four columns of radiating elements.
  • the antenna array shown in FIG. 9 includes two antenna sub-arrays, and the antenna sub-array 1 and the antenna sub-array 3 are one type of antenna sub-array, including one row and four columns of radiating elements, and the antenna sub-array 2 and The antenna sub-array 4 is another type of antenna sub-array comprising 2 rows and 4 columns of radiating elements.
  • At least two antenna sub-arrays may be alternately arranged in a vertical direction.
  • the antenna device may include: at least one antenna array;
  • the antenna array includes: at least two antenna sub-arrays, at least two antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a vertical direction, each antenna sub-array includes a plurality of radiating elements; and at least two antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna sub-array are staggered along the horizontal direction.
  • a beamforming network may be included in the antenna device for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the signal transmitted by the antenna array.
  • two beamforming networks may be disposed in the antenna device, wherein one beamforming network may feed an antenna sub-array to The phase and amplitude of the signal transmitted by the antenna sub-array are adjusted such that the signal transmitted by the antenna sub-array has a preset amplitude and phase; and another beamforming network can feed another antenna sub-array to the antenna The phase and amplitude of the signal transmitted by the array are adjusted such that the signal transmitted by the antenna sub-array has a predetermined amplitude and phase.
  • the two beamforming networks can be connected by means such as a power splitter or a phase shifter.
  • the specific structure and function of the antenna array can participate in the embodiment of the antenna array provided by the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
  • the antenna device may include multiple antenna arrays A, which may include at least one inverting array, and the feeding phase of the inverting array and other The feed phase of antenna array A is reversed.
  • the inverting array inverts the phase of the transmitted signal, and the inverting array and the beamforming network B together cause the signal transmitted by the inverted array to have a predetermined phase.
  • 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a beamforming network in the antenna apparatus shown in FIG. 10
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another beamforming network in the antenna apparatus shown in FIG. 10, and the beamforming network shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
  • the structure is an existing structure, and the principle thereof will not be described herein.
  • the antenna device in the antenna array, at least two antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction by the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the adjacent antenna sub-array, thereby achieving reduction
  • the energy of the horizontal side lobes of the antenna array pattern increases the UWB index and increases the capacity of the communication system.
  • the present invention also provides an embodiment of a base station, the base station comprising an antenna device;
  • the antenna device may include: at least one antenna array;
  • the antenna array includes: at least two antenna sub-arrays, at least two antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a vertical direction, each antenna sub-array includes a plurality of radiating elements; and at least two antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction
  • the radiating elements corresponding to the positions in the associated antenna sub-array are staggered along the horizontal direction.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a base station according to the present invention.
  • the antenna device of the base station may include: at least one antenna array A, a beamforming network B, and a phase shifter C;
  • the beamforming network B is used to adjust the phase and amplitude of the signal transmitted by the antenna array.
  • the phase shifter C is used to adjust the downtilt angle of the antenna device.
  • the antenna array in the antenna array, at least two antenna sub-arrays adjacent in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction in the antenna sub-arrays corresponding to the position of the antenna sub-array, thereby reducing the antenna.
  • the energy of the horizontal side lobes of the array pattern increases the UWB index and increases the capacity of the communication system.
  • the communication system needs to increase the base station to expand the system capacity. For example: Using a 6-sector network can expand the system capacity without adding a site, and a better implementation of the multi-beam antenna is used.
  • the antenna array and the antenna device provided by the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to a multi-beam implementation scenario.
  • the antenna device in the base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a multi-beam implementation scenario.
  • the antenna array of the present invention has a lower horizontal sidelobe energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Description

天线阵列、 天线装置和基站
技术领域 本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域, 特别涉及一种天线阵列、 天线装置和 基站。 背景技术 随着移动通讯技术的发展, 对通信系统容量、 优化方向图指标等需求日 益提高。 图 1 为现有天线阵列的结构示意图, 该天线阵列在垂直方向上由五 个天线子阵列构成。 通常情况下, 天线子阵列中的辐射单元的水平间距小于 半个工作波长左右, 在一定的功率分布下, 能够满足天线阵列对于低水平副 瓣的需求。
然而, 在天线阵列的工作频段为宽频的实施场景下, 天线子阵列中的辐 射单元的水平间距对于宽频中的各个频点无法同时满足半波长的需求, 从而 导致天线阵列方向图中的水平副瓣的能量较高, 使得超宽带指标较差, 影响 通信系统的容量。 发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种天线阵列、 天线装置和基站, 以降低天线阵列方 向图的水平副瓣, 提高超宽带指标。
一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种天线阵列, 包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 所述至少两个天线子阵列在垂直方向上排列, 每个所述天线子阵列中包括多 个辐射单元;
至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置 对应的辐射单元沿着水平方向错开设置。
另一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种天线装置, 包括至少一个天线阵列, 天线阵列包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 每个所述至少两个天线子阵列在垂直 方向上排列, 所述天线子阵列中包括多个辐射单元; 至少两个在垂直方向上 相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平方 向错开设置。
再一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种基站, 包括: 天线装置;
天线装置包括至少一个天线阵列; 天线阵列包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 每个所述至少两个天线子阵列在垂直方向上排列, 所述天线子阵列中包括多 个辐射单元; 至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵 列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平方向错开设置。
本发明实施例提供的天线阵列、 天线装置和基站, 在天线阵列中, 将至 少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的 辐射单元沿着水平方向错开设置, 实现降低天线阵列方向图的水平副瓣的能 量, 提高超宽带指标, 提高通信系统的容量。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为现有的天线阵列的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明提供的天线阵列一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 3为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图
图 4为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 6为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 7为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 8为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 9为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 10为天线装置的一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 11为图 10所示天线装置中一种波束成形网络的结构示意图; 图 12为图 10所示天线装置中另一种波束成形网络的结构示意图; 图 13为本发明提供的基站一个实施例的结构示意图;
图 14为现有的天线阵列的水平方向图; 图 15为本发明实施例提供的天线阵列的水平方向图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
图 2为本发明提供的天线阵列一个实施例的结构示意图, 如图 2, 该天 线阵列包括:
至少两个天线子阵列, 至少两个天线子阵列在垂直方向上排列, 每个天 线子阵列中包括多个辐射单元;
至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线阵列中的位置 对应的辐射单元沿着水平方向错开设置。
本发明实施例提供的天线阵列, 可以适用于多波束天线阵列, 例如: 图 2 所示的双波束天线阵列。 举例来说, 天线子阵列之间可以平行设置。 在天 线阵列中在垂直方向上设置有三个或三个以上的天线子阵列的实施场景下, 各天线子阵列之间可以等间距设置。
图 2所示的天线阵列中在垂直方向上包括 4个天线子阵列, 分别为: 天 线子阵列 1、 天线子阵列 2、 天线子阵列 3和天线子阵列 4。 图 2仅以每个天 线子阵列中均包括 2行 4列个辐射单元为例对本实施例提供的天线阵列进行 说明, 可以理解的是, 本发明实施例提供的天线阵列, 各个天线子阵列中包 括的辐射单元的行数和 /或列数可以不同。
为了降低天线阵列方向图中的水平副瓣能量, 使得各天线子阵列的方向 图合成后的水平面副瓣能量能够相互抵消,本发明实施例提供的天线阵列中, 在至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线阵列中的位置对 应的辐射单元沿着水平方向可以错开设置。 其中, 在所属天线阵列中的位置 对应的辐射单元是指, 在各自所在的天线子阵列中行数和列数均相同的辐射 单元。
举例来说, 图 2所示的天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上的第一个天线子阵 列 1中第一行的第一列辐射单元 11 , 与第二个天线子阵列 2中第一行的第一 列辐射单元 21即为位置对应的两个辐射单元。从图 2中可以看出,第二个天 线子阵列 2中第一行的第一列辐射单元 21 与第一个天线子阵列 1 中第一行 的第一列辐射单元 11在垂直方向上并非对齐设置, 而是第二个天线子阵列 2 中第一行的第一列辐射单元 21相对第一个天线子阵列 1中第一行的第一列辐 射单元 11 , 在水平向右的方向上错开一定距离。
可以理解的是, 作为另一种可行的实施例, 第二个天线子阵列 2中第一 行的第一列辐射单元 21相对第一个天线子阵列 1中第一行的第一列辐射单元 11 , 也可以在水平向左的方向上错开一定距离。
可选的, 至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 一个天线子阵列 中的至少一个辐射单元, 在垂直方向上可以位于另一个天线子阵列中的两个 辐射单元之间。 举例来说, 图 2所示的天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上的第二 个天线子阵列 2中第一行的第一列辐射单元 21 ,在垂直方向上位于第一个天 线子阵列 1中第一行的第一列辐射单元 11和第一行的第二列辐射单元 12之 间。
可选的, 至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 一个天线子阵列 中的至少一个辐射单元, 在垂直方向上可以位于另一个天线子阵列中的两个 辐射单元的中心线上。 举例来说, 图 2所示的天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上 的第二个天线子阵列 2中第一行的第一列辐射单元 21 ,在垂直方向上位于第 一个天线子阵列 1中第一行的第一列辐射单元 11和第一行的第二列辐射单元 12的中心线上。 如图 3所示, 从上至下方向上的第二个天线子阵列 2中第一 行的第一列辐射单元 21 至第一个天线子阵列 1 中第一行的第一列辐射单元 11延长线的垂直距离 X3, 等于第一个天线子阵列 1 中第一行的第一列辐射 单元 11和第一行第二列的辐射单元 12间距 X1的一半。
通过上述设置, 可以实现各天线子阵列的方向图合成后水平副瓣的能量 相互抵消, 从而提高天线阵列的超宽带指标, 提高通信系统的容量。
图 4为本发明提供的天线阵列又一个实施例的结构示意图, 如图 4, 在 上述实施例的基础上, 可选的, 该天线阵列的至少一个天线子阵列中, 在水 平方向上相邻的至少两个辐射单元沿着垂直方向可以错开设置。
图 4所示的天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上的第一个天线子阵列 1 中第一 行的第二列辐射单元 12,相比第一行第一列的辐射单元 11 , 沿着垂直方向上 向下错开一定距离,相比第一行第三列的辐射单元 13沿着垂直方向上没有错 开一定距离, 与第一行第三列的辐射单元 13在水平方向上对齐设置。
图 5所示的天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上的第一个天线子阵列 1 中第一 行的第二列辐射单元 12,相比第一行第一列的辐射单元 11 , 沿着垂直方向上 向下错开一定距离, 相比第一行第三列的辐射单元 13, 也沿着垂直方向上向 下错开一定距离。
需要说明的是, 图 4和图 5仍以每个天线子阵列均包括 2行 4列个辐射 单元为例对本实施例提供的天线阵列进行说明, 可以理解的是, 本实施例提 供的天线阵列, 各个天线子阵列中包括的辐射单元的行数和 /或列数可以不 同。
可选的, 至少一个天线子阵列中, 至少一个辐射单元在水平方向上, 可 以位于垂直方向上相邻的两个辐射单元之间。 举例来说, 图 5所示的天线阵 列中, 从上至下方向上的第一个天线子阵列 1 中, 第一行第二列的辐射单元 12在水平方向上, 位于第一行第一列的辐射单元 11和第二行第一列的辐射 单元 15之间。
可选的, 至少一个天线子阵列中, 至少一个辐射单元在水平方向上, 可 以位于垂直方向上相邻的两个辐射单元的中心线上。 举例来说, 图 5所示的 天线阵列中, 从上至下方向上的第一个天线子阵列 1 中, 第一行第二列的辐 射单元 12在水平方向上, 位于第一行第一列的辐射单元 11和第二行第一列 的辐射单元 15的中心线上。
通过上述设置, 可以实现在降低天线阵列方向图的水平副瓣能量的基础 上, 使得各天线子阵列的方向图合成后的垂直远旁瓣能量能够相互抵消, 从 而提高天线阵列的超宽带指标, 提高通信系统的容量。
在上述实施例的基础上, 可选的, 在垂直从上至下的方向上, 相邻的天 线子阵列, 可以沿着水平的不同方向交替错开设置。 举例来说, 图 2-图 5所 示的天线阵列中, 在垂直从上至下的方向上第一组相邻的天线子阵列: 天线 子阵列 1和天线子阵列 2, 第二天线子阵列 2相对于天线子阵列 1 , 在水平 方向上向右错开设置。 在垂直从上至下的方向上第二组相邻的天线子阵列: 天线子阵列 2和天线子阵列 3, 天线子阵列 3相对于天线子阵列 2, 在水平 方向上向左错开设置。 在上述实施例的基础上, 可选的, 至少一个天线子阵列中相邻的辐射单 元的间距, 与在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中相邻的辐射单元的间距可以 相等。 举例来说, 图 3所示的天线阵列中, 在垂直从上至下的方向上, 假设 第一个天线子阵列 1 中相邻的辐射单元的间距为 X1 ,第二个天线子阵列 2中 相邻的辐射单元的间距为 X2, 则可以设置成 X1 = X2。
为了进一步降低天线阵列方向图中的垂直远旁瓣, 可选的, 至少一个天 线子阵列中的辐射单元输入的信号, 与在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中对 应位置的辐射单元输入的信号相位可以相差 45度。如图 6所示,在垂直从上 至下的方向上,第三个天线子阵列 3中第二行第一列的辐射单元 35中输入的 信号相位为 +90度,第四个天线子阵列 4中第二行第一列的辐射单元 45中输 入的信号相位为 +45度; 第三个天线子阵列 3中第二行第二列的辐射单元 36 中输入的信号相位为 0度, 第四个天线子阵列 4中第二行第二列的辐射单元 46中输入的信号相位为 -45度, 以此类推。
为了简化天线阵列的馈线连接, 可选的, 至少一个天线子阵列中, 位于 同一列的辐射单元可以电连接, 和 /或, 位于同一行的辐射单元可以电连接。 图 7所示即为位于天线子阵列 1、 天线子阵列 2、 天线子阵列 3和天线子阵 列 4中, 同一列中的辐射单元电连接的实施场景。
作为一种可行的实施方式, 本发明实施例提供的天线阵列中, 各个天线 子阵列中, 每行包括的辐射单元个数可以相等, 每列包括的辐射单元个数也 可以相等。 图 2-图 7所示即为天线子阵列 1、 天线子阵列 2、 天线子阵列 3 和天线子阵列 4中, 均包括 2行 4列辐射单元的实施场景。 再比如, 图 8所 示即为天线子阵列 1 ~天线子阵列 6中均包括 1行 4列辐射单元的实施场景。
作为另一种可行的实施方式, 本发明实施例提供的天线阵列中, 至少两 行 n列辐射单元, 其中, 不同的天线子阵列中的 m可以不相等, 和 /或, n可 以不相等, m和 n均为大于 1的整数。 举例来说, 图 9所示的天线阵列中包 括两种天线子阵列,天线子阵列 1和天线子阵列 3为一种类型的天线子阵列, 包括 1行 4列辐射单元, 天线子阵列 2和天线子阵列 4为另一种类型的天线 子阵列, 包括 2行 4列辐射单元。
可选的, 至少两种天线子阵列在垂直方向上可以交替排列。 如图 9所示, 在垂直从上至下的方向上, 属于一种类型的天线子阵列 1 和天线子阵列 3, 与属于另一种类型的天线子阵列 2和天线子阵列 4交替 4非列。 本发明还提供了天线装置的实施例, 天线装置可以包括: 至少一个天线 阵列;
其中, 天线阵列包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 至少两个天线子阵列在垂 直方向上排列, 每个天线子阵列中包括多个辐射单元; 至少两个在垂直方向 上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平 方向错开设置。
天线装置中可以包括波束成形网络, 用于对天线阵列发射的信号相位和 幅度进行调节。 举例来说, 在天线阵列中包括两种天线子阵列的实施场景下, 天线装置中可以设置两个波束成形网络, 其中, 一个波束成形网络可以为一 种天线子阵列馈电, 来对该种天线子阵列发射的信号相位和幅度进行调节, 使得该天线子阵列发射的信号具有预设的幅度和相位; 另一个波束成形网络 可以为另一种天线子阵列馈电, 来对该种天线子阵列发射的信号相位和幅度 进行调节, 使得该天线子阵列发射的信号具有预设的幅度和相位。 两个波束 成形网络之间可以通过例如功分器或移相器等器件进行连接。 其中的天线阵 列的具体结构和功能可参加本发明提供的天线阵列的实施例,在此不再赘述。
图 10为天线装置的一个实施例的结构示意图, 如图 10所示, 该天线装 置中可以包括多个天线阵列 A, 其中可以包括至少一个反相阵列, 该反相阵 列的馈电相位与其他天线阵列 A的馈电相位相反。 该反相阵列对发射信号进 行相位的反相处理, 且该反相阵列和波束成形网络 B共同使得反向阵列发射 的信号具有预设的相位。 图 11为图 10所示天线装置中一种波束成形网络的 结构示意图, 图 12为图 10所示天线装置中另一种波束成形网络的结构示意 图, 图 11和图 12所示的波束成形网络的结构为现有结构, 其原理在此不再 赘述。
本发明实施例提供的天线装置, 在天线阵列中, 将至少两个在垂直方向 上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平 方向错开设置, 实现降低天线阵列方向图的水平副瓣的能量, 提高超宽带指 标, 提高通信系统的容量。 本发明还提供了基站一个实施例该基站包括天线装置;
天线装置可以包括: 至少一个天线阵列;
其中, 天线阵列包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 至少两个天线子阵列在垂 直方向上排列, 每个天线子阵列中包括多个辐射单元; 至少两个在垂直方向 上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平 方向错开设置。
图 13为本发明提供的基站一个实施例的结构示意图, 如图 13所示, 基 站的天线装置中可以包括: 至少一个天线阵列 A、 波束成形网络 B和移相器 C;
波束成形网络 B, 用于对天线阵列发射的信号相位和幅度进行调节。 移相器 C, 用于对天线装置的下倾角进行调节。
本发明实施例提供的基站, 在天线阵列中, 将至少两个在垂直方向上相 邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置对应的辐射单元沿着水平方向 错开设置, 实现降低天线阵列方向图的水平副瓣的能量, 提高超宽带指标, 提高通信系统的容量。
随着用户数量的不断增加, 通信系统需要增加基站来扩充系统容量, 例 如: 采用 6扇区建网可以在不增加站点的情况下实现扩充系统容量, 采用多 波束天线一种较佳的实现扩充系统容量的方法。 本发明实施例提供的天线阵 列、 天线装置均可适用于多波束实施场景, 本发明实施例提供的基站中的天 线装置可适用于多波束实施场景。相比图 14所示的现有的多波束天线阵列的 方向图,如图 15所示,本发明提供的天线阵列的方向图具有更低的水平副瓣 能量。
最后应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对其 限制; 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解: 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要求
1、 一种天线阵列, 其特征在于, 包括: 至少两个天线子阵列, 所述至少 两个天线子阵列在垂直方向上排列, 每个所述天线子阵列中包括多个辐射单 元;
至少两个在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列中, 在所属天线子阵列中位置 对应的辐射单元沿着水平方向错开设置。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少两个在垂直方向 上相邻的天线子阵列中, 一个天线子阵列中的至少一个辐射单元, 在垂直方 向上位于另一个天线子阵列中的两个辐射单元之间。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少两个在垂直方向 上相邻的天线子阵列中, 一个天线子阵列中的至少一个辐射单元, 在垂直方 向上位于另一个天线子阵列中的两个辐射单元的中心线上。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个天 线子阵列中,在水平方向上相邻的至少两个辐射单元沿着垂直方向错开设置。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个天线子阵列 中, 至少一个辐射单元在水平方向上, 位于垂直方向上相邻的两个辐射单元 之间。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个天线子阵列 中, 至少一个辐射单元在水平方向上, 位于垂直方向上相邻的两个辐射单元 的中心线上。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 在垂直从上 至下的方向上相邻的天线子阵列, 沿着水平的不同方向交替错开设置。
8、 根据权利要求 1-7任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个所 述天线子阵列中相邻的辐射单元的间距, 与在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列 中相邻的辐射单元的间距相等。
9、 根据权利要求 1-8任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个所 述天线子阵列中的辐射单元输入的信号, 与在垂直方向上相邻的天线子阵列 中对应位置的辐射单元输入的信号相位相差 45度。
10、 根据权利要求 1 -9任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少一个 所述天线子阵列中, 位于同一列的辐射单元电连接, 和 /或位于同一行的辐射 单元电连接。
11、 根据权利要求 1-10任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 各个所述 天线子阵列中, 每行包括的辐射单元个数相等, 每列包括的辐射单元个数相 等。
12、根据权利要求 1-10任一项所述的天线阵列, 其特征在于, 至少两个 天线子阵列中包括至少两种天线子阵列,每种天线阵列中包括 m行 n列辐射 单元, 不同的天线子阵列中的 m不相等和 /或 n不相等, m和 n均为大于 1 的整数。
13、 一种天线装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 至少一个如权利要求 1-12任一 项所述的天线阵列。
14、 一种基站, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 13所述的天线装置。
PCT/CN2012/076278 2012-05-30 2012-05-30 天线阵列、天线装置和基站 Ceased WO2012126439A2 (zh)

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JP2015521441A (ja) 2015-07-27
US20150084832A1 (en) 2015-03-26
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US10181657B2 (en) 2019-01-15
CN102859789A (zh) 2013-01-02
EP2846400A4 (en) 2015-04-22
WO2012126439A3 (zh) 2013-05-02
CN102859789B (zh) 2016-04-13
JP5969698B2 (ja) 2016-08-17

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