WO2012127073A1 - Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles - Google Patents

Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012127073A1
WO2012127073A1 PCT/ES2011/070197 ES2011070197W WO2012127073A1 WO 2012127073 A1 WO2012127073 A1 WO 2012127073A1 ES 2011070197 W ES2011070197 W ES 2011070197W WO 2012127073 A1 WO2012127073 A1 WO 2012127073A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
tank
induction furnace
metal
electric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2011/070197
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José Francisco PAREDES NÚÑEZ
Rafael BORDONS MESONERO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HORNOS Y METALES SA
Original Assignee
HORNOS Y METALES SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HORNOS Y METALES SA filed Critical HORNOS Y METALES SA
Priority to PCT/ES2011/070197 priority Critical patent/WO2012127073A1/fr
Publication of WO2012127073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012127073A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F27B14/065—Channel type

Definitions

  • the present invention aims to provide an electric channel induction furnace with which it is possible to eliminate the preheating stage through which the furnace is passed. In this way it is possible to reduce the use of expensive fossil fuels to carry out said preheating and the time necessary for the activation of the furnace is reduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric induction furnace of modular construction channel so that the repair and replacement of components is carried out in a simple manner.
  • the present invention proposes an oven whose capacity can be varied quickly by varying some of the modules that comprise it.
  • Another object of the present invention is to achieve a higher quality in the metal that is obtained since the use of carbonaceous materials in the at least one furnace channel keeps the oxygen level low so that oxidation of the metal is avoided.
  • Another object of the present invention is to achieve a more versatile channel induction furnace than those known in the state of the art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a furnace which allows, by changing the molten metal or replacing the molten metal with a different metal, the impurities that remain in the metals are reduced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to achieve a channel induction furnace of greater useful life than those known in the state of the art.
  • Channel induction furnaces comprise an inductor that has a primary coil wound around a closed magnetic core.
  • the inductor needs the primary and secondary coil to be able to operate.
  • the oven When the oven is activated, it is necessary to apply power to the primary coil, but for the oven to work, a continuous ring is needed to close the secondary circuit.
  • the furnace channel In this type of furnaces known in the state of the art, the furnace channel by itself does not serve to operate the furnace because electromagnetic charges cannot be induced therein since it is not conductive.
  • the channel is filled with the metal with which it works so that a closed circuit is obtained capable of absorbing the electromagnetic energy generated by the primary coil.
  • the metal with which it is going to work is melted in a prefusor furnace so that when it is to be loaded in the channel induction furnace, the metal is already molten and allows the conduction of the electromagnetic current.
  • the biggest problem with this type of furnaces is that a high degree of preheating of the inside of the channel is necessary, so it is necessary to use gas burners to sinter and preheat the refractory lining inside the channel and the main furnace chambers. .
  • This preheating cycle takes a long time to complete and the process consumes a lot of fossil fuel.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the problems posed by previous electric channel induction furnaces.
  • the proposed electric induction furnace is designed to be used in industrial applications.
  • the furnace object of the invention comprises at least one inductor which in turn comprises at least one primary coil wound around at least one closed magnetic core.
  • the furnace further comprises at least a first vessel with an opening for entering the metal, at least one layer of refractory material and at least one layer of insulating material.
  • the electric channel induction furnace of the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least a first channel of a carbonaceous material where said first channel acts as a secondary coil of the inductor.
  • the carbonaceous material used in said first channel is selected from carbon, graphite, clay-graphite, silicon carbide and any combination thereof.
  • the carbonaceous material used is a high temperature resistant material and is preferably extruded graphite or isostatic graphite.
  • the first channel comprises at least three tubular elements joined together forming a "U" around the closed magnetic core and the two ends of the first channel are connected to the first tank. Said first channel is coupled in the layer of refractory material.
  • the oven object of the invention comprises a first vessel and a second vessel.
  • the oven comprises a first vessel and a second vessel
  • said oven comprises at least a first channel and a second channel where the first channel has one of its ends attached to the first vessel and its other end joined to the second tank and where the second channel has one of its ends attached to the first tank and the other end attached to the second tank.
  • Another object of the invention is a method for the use of the furnace defined in any of the described embodiments, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the proposed method for the use of the furnace comprises the introduction of an inert gas into the at least one first tank and the at least one first channel until the channel is completely filled with the metal.
  • This achieves a non-oxidizing atmosphere and thus prevents oxidation of the carbonaceous material channel.
  • the introduction of inert gas must not be stopped until the channel is completely filled with metal.
  • the introduction of an inert gas to prevent oxidation is especially important when temperatures of 400 ° C are exceeded.
  • the gas that is introduced in the second stage of the process is nitrogen.
  • the at least one first channel acts as a secondary turn and is heated proportionally to the power supplied to the primary coil.
  • the primary coil When power is applied to the primary coil, it emits an electromagnetic field that is channeled with the closed magnetic core of the inductor.
  • the at least one first channel which acts as a secondary coil of the inductor, absorbs the electromagnetic energy generated in the primary coil and thus increases its temperature. This increase in the channel temperature is proportional to the power supplied to the primary coil.
  • the metal is introduced into the at least a first tank and into the at least one first channel when the temperature of the first channel is less than 10% of the melting temperature of the metal being worked.
  • the oven operates at frequencies between 10 Hz and 1000 Hz.
  • the at least one first furnace channel absorbs between 10% and 20% of the total energy of the vacuum system due to the electrical properties of the different materials. It is considered that the system comprises at least a first tank, a first channel, an electrical panel with the necessary power and control elements to supply the electrical power to the primary coil and the metal with which it is worked.
  • the liquid metal that is introduced into the furnace in the fourth stage of the proposed method is selected from copper, copper alloys, zinc, zinc alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloys, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, chromium , cobalt, germanium, gold, indium, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, niobium, palladium, phosphorus, platinum, silicon, silver, strontium, tellurium, tin, titanium, uranium, vanadium, zirconium and any combination thereof.
  • the furnace comprises a cooling system that passes the refrigerant fluid between the primary coil and the inner part of the closed magnetic core so that, when the power is being applied to the primary coil, they do not overheat. said primary coil and said closed magnetic core.
  • the at least one first tank when the at least one first tank is filled, the at least one first channel is also filled as it is connected to it. When the first channel is filled, it has a greater absorption capacity of the electromagnetic field and the metal heats up more efficiently.
  • the metal travels through the at least one first channel from one end of its ends to the other.
  • the metal travels through the first channel from the first tank to the second tank and through the second channel from the second tank to the first tank.
  • One of the advantages of using carbonaceous material for the at least one first furnace channel is that when the carbon is in contact with some metals, the content of oxygen or metal oxides within the liquid metal is reduced and can even be eliminated depending on the thermodynamic free energy of the oxide in question.
  • the oven proposed by the present invention has a modular construction channel so that the repair and replacement of its components is very simple.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectioned profile view of the proposed electric channel induction furnace.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectioned plan view of the proposed electric channel induction furnace.
  • Figure 3 shows a sectioned profile view of the electric channel induction furnace object of the invention in an embodiment with two vats.
  • Figure 4 shows a sectioned plan view of the electric channel induction furnace object of the invention in an embodiment with two vats.
  • the proposed electric channel induction furnace is designed to be used in industrial applications.
  • the furnace object of the invention comprises at least one inductor which in turn comprises at least one primary coil (10) wound around at least one closed magnetic core (1).
  • the furnace further comprises at least one first vessel (6) comprising at least one opening of the first vessel (11) for entering the metal, at least one layer of refractory material (3) and at least one layer of insulating material (4 ).
  • the electric channel induction furnace of the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least a first channel (2) of a carbonaceous material where said first channel (2) acts as a secondary loop of the inductor closing the circuit.
  • the carbonaceous material used in the at least one first channel (2) is extruded graphite or isostatic graphite.
  • the first channel (2) is composed of at least three tubular elements joined together by adapters of carbonaceous materials and cement.
  • the first channel (2) has at least one of its ends attached to the first vessel and is coupled to the layer of refractory material (3) that is resistant to high temperatures.
  • This refractory material is refractory moldable concrete.
  • the layer of refractory material (3) is located around the at least one first tank (6) and at least one first channel (2).
  • the layer of insulating material may be calcium silicate panels, microporous material or insulating bricks of different compositions such as JM23, JM26 or JM28.
  • the oven object of the invention comprises at least two vats (6.8).
  • said furnace comprises at least a first channel (2) and at least a second channel (14) where the first channel (2) has one of its ends attached to the first tank (6) and its other end attached to the second tank (8) and where the second channel (14) has one of its ends attached to the first tank (6) and the other ends attached to the second tank (8).
  • the method of using the proposed electric channel induction furnace comprises the following steps.
  • the first stage is to place a sealed lid (9) in the at least one opening (11) for entering the metal of the at least one first tank (6).
  • the second stage is to introduce an inert gas into the at least a first tank (6) and into the at least a first channel (2).
  • Said inert gas is nitrogen.
  • the third stage is to apply power to the primary coil (10) so that it generates an electromagnetic field.
  • the first channel (2) that acts as a secondary coil of the inductor absorbs the electromagnetic energy generated and increases its temperature more effectively.
  • the fourth stage is to introduce, when the at least one first channel (2) reaches the proper temperature, a liquid metal in the at least one first tank (6) through the opening (11) for entering the metal so that it is also filled the at least one first channel (2) with said metal.
  • the at least one first channel (2) is also completely filled with liquid metal so that the first channel (2) absorbs more electromagnetic energy and the metal is heated more effective
  • the first channel (2) is placed around the primary coil (10) with one of its ends attached to a part of the first tank (6) and the other end attached to another part of the first tank (6) so that the metal that has been introduced into the furnace flows around the first channel (2) passing from one end of the first tank (6) the other.
  • the metal travels through the at least one first channel (2) from the first vessel (6) to the second vessel (8) and on the other the at least second channel (14) from the second tank (8) to the first tank (6).
  • the metal can be introduced through the first vessel (6) and then extracted by the second vessel (8).
  • the oven has a first tank (6) and is extracted by that same premium tank (6).
  • the metal is introduced into the at least a first tank (6) and into the at least a first channel (2) when the temperature of the first channel (2) is less than 10% of the melting temperature of the metal with which it is works
  • the melting temperature of copper is 1,083 ° C, so the oven temperature should be around 1,000 ° C, that is, 7.6% less.
  • the oven works at frequencies between 10
  • the at least one first channel (2) of the oven absorbs between 10% and 20% of the total energy of the vacuum system due to the electrical properties of the different materials.
  • the system is considered to comprise the at least one tank, the at least one channel, at least one electrical panel with the necessary power and control elements to supply the electrical power to the at least one primary coil and the metal with which works
  • a power of around 10 to 20 kW can be obtained.
  • this power can increase up to about 100 kW.
  • said liquid metal is selected from copper, copper alloys, zinc, zinc alloys , aluminum, aluminum alloys, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, germanium, gold, indian, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, niobium, palladium, phosphorus, platinum, silicon, silver, strontium, tellurium, tin, titanium , uranium, vanadium, zirconium and any combination of them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un four à induction électrique à canal conçu pour être utilisé dans des applications industrielles. Ce four comprend au moins un canal d'une matière carbonée servant d'auxiliaire au transformateur du four. L'utilisation d'une matière carbonée dans ledit canal du four permet d'éviter l'agitation du métal et également de maintenir l'oxygène à un niveau bas, ce qui permet d'obtenir un métal de meilleure qualité. En outre, on obtient une mise en oeuvre plus facile dans le processus de démarrage du four puisqu'on supprime l'étape de préfusion du métal.
PCT/ES2011/070197 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles Ceased WO2012127073A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2011/070197 WO2012127073A1 (fr) 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2011/070197 WO2012127073A1 (fr) 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012127073A1 true WO2012127073A1 (fr) 2012-09-27

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PCT/ES2011/070197 Ceased WO2012127073A1 (fr) 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Four à induction électrique à canal pour applications industrielles

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WO (1) WO2012127073A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111219986A (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-02 华冠新型材料股份有限公司 一种铝锅用感应加热器的处理工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4823575B1 (fr) * 1970-05-18 1973-07-14
US5134629A (en) * 1990-02-08 1992-07-28 Norton Company Inductor loop coating
US20090229407A1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Bratina James E Reductant addition in a channel induction furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4823575B1 (fr) * 1970-05-18 1973-07-14
US5134629A (en) * 1990-02-08 1992-07-28 Norton Company Inductor loop coating
US20090229407A1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Bratina James E Reductant addition in a channel induction furnace

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 197329, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1973-41300U *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111219986A (zh) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-02 华冠新型材料股份有限公司 一种铝锅用感应加热器的处理工艺
CN111219986B (zh) * 2020-03-18 2021-08-27 华冠新型材料股份有限公司 一种铝锅用感应加热器的处理工艺

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