WO2012129625A2 - Capteur de force magnétique à fibres optiques, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de celui-ci - Google Patents

Capteur de force magnétique à fibres optiques, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129625A2
WO2012129625A2 PCT/BR2012/000086 BR2012000086W WO2012129625A2 WO 2012129625 A2 WO2012129625 A2 WO 2012129625A2 BR 2012000086 W BR2012000086 W BR 2012000086W WO 2012129625 A2 WO2012129625 A2 WO 2012129625A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
sensor
sensor according
magnetic
optical fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BR2012/000086
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English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Other versions
WO2012129625A3 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Carlos Oliveira Bruno
Clara Johanna PACHECO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
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Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
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Application filed by Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro filed Critical Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro
Publication of WO2012129625A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012129625A2/fr
Publication of WO2012129625A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012129625A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of electronic and materials engineering. More specifically, the invention describes a Bragg Grating Optical Fiber (FBG) -based magnetic force sensor, as well as its manufacturing process and its use.
  • FBG Bragg Grating Optical Fiber
  • the invention is advantageously applied for monitoring the position, displacement, vibration and deformation of structures made of iron / steel, and also for monitoring corrosion in towers, structures and equipment used in the generation and transmission of electricity and in the oil and gas industry.
  • US 5,680,489 describes an optical system for detecting signals from many FBG sensors and some detectors.
  • the present invention differs from said document, among other technical reasons, in that it describes a sensor using a permanent magnet bonded to the optical fiber, rather than using a multi-layer magnetostrictive material.
  • WO 2010/009340 describes sensors with physical contact with the structure to be monitored.
  • the present invention differs from said document, among other technical reasons, in that it does not require physical contact with the structure to be monitored.
  • US 7,406,218 differs from the present invention, among other technical reasons, in that it relates to the optical detection system, while the present invention relates to the transducer.
  • the present invention provides the use of any optical system to detect Bragg network wavelength variations.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic force sensor, its obtaining process and its use.
  • the sensors of the invention are improved compared to conventional sensors, where the result of transduction is an electrical voltage.
  • Another object of the invention is a sensor with lower sensitivity to connection failure.
  • Another object of the invention is a low weight, small size and low cost sensor.
  • Another object of the invention is a sensor that provides multiplexing.
  • Another object of the invention is a sensor that provides remote sensing without the need for batteries at the measurement site.
  • the present invention provides a new type of FBG sensor.
  • the sensor comprises: i) at least one magnet; and ii) at least one optical fiber containing a Bragg network.
  • the senor further comprises: iii) an encapsulation means made of non-magnetic material.
  • the magnet of said sensor is cylindrical. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor contains iron in its composition. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor is of a material containing Nd. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor is of a B-containing material. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor is of NdFeB. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor contains Sm. Preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor is of a Co-containing material. In a preferred embodiment, the magnet of said sensor is of SmCo.
  • said magnet is provided with at least one through hole.
  • the present invention consists of a new type of optical-magnetic sensor interrogated by an FBG.
  • the sensor preferably comprises: i) NdFeB cylindrical magnet with a central through hole; ii) optical fiber containing a Bragg mesh fixed to the inside of the magnet with glue; iii) non-magnetic encapsulation made with a central guide that allows the magnet to move inside.
  • Another object of the invention is a process for manufacturing FBG sensors. Said process comprises the steps of:
  • It is another object of the invention to use a magnetic-optical sensor comprising: i) at least one magnet; and ii) at least one optical fiber containing a Bragg network for producing a position monitoring, deformation, displacement, vibration and / or corrosion monitoring system for metal structures.
  • the invention is advantageously applied for monitoring the position, displacement, vibration and deformation of structures made of iron / steel, as well as for monitoring corrosion in towers, structures and equipment used in power generation and transmission and in industry. of oil and gas.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic drawing of a preferred embodiment of a magnetic force sensor to the optical fiber, where (a) means optical fiber, (b) means fiber fixation, (c) means encapsulation, (d) means Bragg network, (e) means guide, and (f) means micro magnet.
  • Figure 2 shows the responses of a preferred sensor embodiment for 3 different magnetic forces, where (a) means power in dBm, and (b) means wavelength in nm.
  • Figure 3 shows the calibration curve of the VS wavelength range. Magnetic force, where (a) means measured, (b) means fit, and (c) means force in Newton.
  • Figure 4 shows the image obtained with the sensor scanning the area over the corrosion pit.
  • Figure 5 shows the image obtained with the sensor scanning the area over the natural corrosion pit.
  • Annex 1 shows the photo of a preferred sensor embodiment.
  • Annex 2 shows a photo of a preferred embodiment of sensor and fiber optic cable.
  • Annex 3 shows a picture of a corrosion pit made of a 1020 sheet steel.
  • Annex 4 shows a picture of a naturally corrosion pit in a steel plate used in oil storage tanks.
  • Annex 5 shows a photo of a preferred embodiment of the invention of an FBG array containing 4 sensors.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic force sensor, its obtaining process and its use.
  • the sensor comprises: i) at least one magnet; and ii) at least one optical fiber containing a Bragg network.
  • the inventive concept common to the various objects of the invention is the combination of a magnetic element with an optical fiber containing a Bragg network.
  • Fiber-based sensors with Bragg networks can be used directly to measure quantities such as stress, strain, temperature and pressure.
  • other physical quantities can be measured, such as magnetic field, electric current, position, etc.
  • the transduction of the quantity to be measured is done in wavelength. This has numerous advantages when comparing these sensors with conventional sensors where the transduction result is an electrical voltage. These advantages include immunity to electromagnetic interference, lower sensitivity to connection failure, low weight and small size, low cost, ease of multiplexing, as well as remote sensing without the need for batteries at the measurement site.
  • the present invention provides a new type of magnetic force sensor interrogated by an FBG.
  • the sensor comprises: i) NdFeB cylindrical magnet with a central through hole with a diameter of 0.5 mm, an outside diameter ranging from 1.0 to 10.0 mm and a length ranging from 1, 0 to 10 mm, depending on desired sensitivity and resolution; ii) optical fiber containing a Bragg mesh fixed to the inside of the magnet with glue or general purpose adhesives, preferably for adhesion of metal substrates, preferably cyanoacrylates, primarily Loctite 496; iii) encapsulation made of non-magnetic material, preferably acrylic, Teflon, glass or resin, with a central guide that allows the magnet to move inside.
  • the part of the optical fiber above the Bragg mesh is glued to the upper end of the package. It is enough that the array is within millimeters of any ferromagnetic structure, or in a magnetic field gradient region, for the sensor to produce a response ( Figure 2).
  • the magnet of said sensor contains iron in its composition.
  • the magnet of said sensor is of a material containing Nd.
  • the magnet of said sensor is of a B-containing material.
  • the magnet of said sensor is of NdFeB.
  • the magnet of said sensor contains Sm.
  • the magnet of said sensor is of a Co-containing material.
  • the magnet of said sensor is of SmCo.
  • the magnetic force arising from the interaction between the magnet and the ferromagnetic structure or field source to be monitored is attractive. This force is transferred axially to the FBG producing a variation in the reflected wavelength.
  • the value of wavelength variation can be related to the magnetic force between the material and the sensor through a calibration curve ( Figure 3).
  • the magnetic force between the magnet and ferromagnetic material varies as a function of distance. This variation allows the use of this sensor in many situations, such as monitoring, with or without contact, the integrity of metallic structures, preferably made or containing ferromagnetic steel.
  • One possible application is monitoring, but not limited to, deformations, displacements, vibrations and corrosion in towers, structures and equipment used in the generation and transmission of electricity and in the oil and gas industry.
  • a set of sensors can be employed simultaneously for imaging corrosion areas commonly found in pipelines and equipment used in the oil and gas industry ( Figures 4 and 5 and Annexes 3 and 4).
  • One of the advantages of this sensor is that it does not require prior instrumentation of the structure to be monitored.
  • the maximum variation in wavelength of the magnetic force sensor to the Bragg network obtained using an example of a magnet with a 3.0 mm external diameter and 5.0 mm long is 3 nm for a distance of 50 m between the sensor and a ferromagnetic plate. In this distance, The value of the force acting on the sensor is approximately 2.0N. Its estimated wavelength sensitivity is 10 pm, which corresponds to a force of 20 mN. The useful distance range for sensor use is 5.0 mm. The present invention also provides the use of arrays of these sensors as illustrated in Annex 5.
  • the magnet used in the sensor of the present invention generates a magnetic field in the equipment / frame, which will generate another magnetic field in response to it, creating in the region between the sensor and the equipment / frame a field gradient.
  • This causes the magnet bonded to the fiber to be attracted to the equipment or structure, thus tensioning the fiber and Bragg mesh, changing the wavelength reflected by it. Since the field gradient depends on the distance between the magnet and the equipment or structure, a mapping using the sensor or the use of a sensor array can generate an image of the surface of the equipment or structure. Therefore, it can be said that the sensor of the present invention is an active sensor as it generates the magnetic field and measures the response of this field in the ferromagnetic material.
  • Another object of the invention is a FBG sensor manufacturing process. Said process comprises the steps of:
  • the optical fiber containing a Bragg mesh is fixed to the inside of the magnet with glue or general purpose adhesives, preferably for adhesion of metallic substrates, preferably cyanoacrylates, primarily Loctite 496.
  • the encapsulation medium is made of non-metallic material. magnetic, preferably acrylic, teflon, glass or resin, with a central guide that allows the magnet to move inside.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un capteur de force magnétique à fibres optiques avec réseaux de Bragg (FBG), le procédé de fabrication de ce capteur et son utilisation étant également décrits. Avantageusement, l'invention trouve une application dans la surveillance de la position, du déplacement, de la vibration et de la déformation de structures constituées de fer/acier, ainsi que dans la surveillance de la corrosion dans des tours, des structures et des équipements utilisés pour produire et transmettre de l'énergie électrique, et dans l'industrie du pétrole et du gaz.
PCT/BR2012/000086 2011-04-01 2012-03-29 Capteur de force magnétique à fibres optiques, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de celui-ci Ceased WO2012129625A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI1101872-0 2011-04-01
BRPI1101872A BRPI1101872B1 (pt) 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 sensor de força magnética à fibra óptica, processo de fabricação e uso do mesmo

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012129625A2 true WO2012129625A2 (fr) 2012-10-04
WO2012129625A3 WO2012129625A3 (fr) 2012-12-13

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WO (1) WO2012129625A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104236602A (zh) * 2014-09-26 2014-12-24 安徽大学 一种可同时测量温度和湿度的全光纤传感器
CN104330151A (zh) * 2014-11-12 2015-02-04 厦门乃尔电子有限公司 一种非接触振动传感器
CN110763620A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-02-07 大连理工大学 一种用于钢材腐蚀监测的光纤法珀传感器

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7106919B2 (en) * 2001-12-11 2006-09-12 Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. Magneto-optical sensing employing phase-shifted transmission bragg gratings
US20050134253A1 (en) * 2003-04-10 2005-06-23 Kovanko Thomas E. Current sensor
CN101598748B (zh) * 2009-07-02 2012-01-04 西北工业大学 一种温度补偿型的电流传感头及交变电流测量方法和系统
CN201653680U (zh) * 2010-05-07 2010-11-24 沈阳航空航天大学 光纤光栅五分量测力天平
CN101915865A (zh) * 2010-07-05 2010-12-15 武汉理工大学 微型光纤电流传感器探头及其制作方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104236602A (zh) * 2014-09-26 2014-12-24 安徽大学 一种可同时测量温度和湿度的全光纤传感器
CN104236602B (zh) * 2014-09-26 2017-05-10 安徽大学 一种可同时测量温度和湿度的全光纤传感器
CN104330151A (zh) * 2014-11-12 2015-02-04 厦门乃尔电子有限公司 一种非接触振动传感器
CN110763620A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-02-07 大连理工大学 一种用于钢材腐蚀监测的光纤法珀传感器
CN110763620B (zh) * 2019-12-03 2024-12-06 大连理工大学 一种用于钢材腐蚀监测的光纤法珀传感器

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Publication number Publication date
BRPI1101872B1 (pt) 2017-03-07
BRPI1101872A2 (pt) 2013-06-11
WO2012129625A3 (fr) 2012-12-13

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