WO2012131123A1 - Module de concentration solaire photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Module de concentration solaire photovoltaïque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012131123A1
WO2012131123A1 PCT/ES2012/000079 ES2012000079W WO2012131123A1 WO 2012131123 A1 WO2012131123 A1 WO 2012131123A1 ES 2012000079 W ES2012000079 W ES 2012000079W WO 2012131123 A1 WO2012131123 A1 WO 2012131123A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
housing
concentration module
solar concentration
receivers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2012/000079
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Sebastián CAPARRÓS JIMÉNEZ
Antonio DE DÍOS PARDO
Carlos MARTÍN MAROTO
José Antonio PÉREZ GARCÍA DE CASTRO
Carlos POZO BLASCO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Abengoa Solar New Technologies SA
Original Assignee
Abengoa Solar New Technologies SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201130522A external-priority patent/ES2396785B1/es
Priority claimed from ES201101144A external-priority patent/ES2404667B8/es
Application filed by Abengoa Solar New Technologies SA filed Critical Abengoa Solar New Technologies SA
Publication of WO2012131123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012131123A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
    • H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/93—Interconnections
    • H10F77/933—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/935—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic devices or modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic solar modules for the use of solar energy for the production of electrical energy, specifically to high concentration photovoltaic solar modules, and more specifically to modules formed by a parquet of concentrating lenses, optical elements secondary, and high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, all arranged in a housing, together with auxiliary systems, such as heat dissipation systems, electrical insulation systems and protection systems.
  • WO2006114457, US2009106648 and WO 2009058603 show the typical scheme of operation of a photovoltaic solar concentration system.
  • This system consists of light concentrating lenses on photovoltaic receivers, and secondary optical elements that provide the system with greater concentration.
  • Various systems that use concentrating lenses have been proposed with and without secondary optics.
  • the present invention provides solutions for the improvement of the functional performance of the photovoltaic modules.
  • the module object of the present invention has an optical system capable of providing sufficient concentration and doing it efficiently. It also has high efficiency cells, and adequate thermal management systems, cost efficient, in addition to electrical insulation systems that prevent current leakage with the potential to cause dangerous situations in their handling. Additionally, the module has adequate ventilation systems that eliminate condensation problems inside it.
  • the module of the present invention consists of a series of elements that can be displayed externally and others that are housed inside it.
  • the module is formed by a parquet of lenses that concentrate the light on photovoltaic receivers, all supported by a frame that can be metallic or polymeric. On the back of the module there are linear heat sinks.
  • the module features a number of elements such as secondary optical elements, electrically connected photovoltaic receivers, plastic parts for the electrical isolation of the receivers as well as clipping parts. Additionally, the module features a valve system for external ventilation and off-focus protection systems, that is, systems to prevent damage to internal elements by deviations of light rays.
  • the photovoltaic receivers are formed by a surface of copper or other conductive material on which at least one photovoltaic cell, a protection diode and the corresponding photovoltaic receiver connectors are arranged.
  • the module has a parquet of concentrating lenses that are arranged in the upper part of the housing and close it tightly, in a plane parallel to that of the base on which the photovoltaic receivers are.
  • the lens parquet is made using silicone bonded on glass.
  • the number of concentrating lenses is equal to that of photovoltaic receivers and each of the concentrating lenses is arranged on the axis of one of the photovoltaic receivers.
  • each of the pieces contains the space necessary to accommodate at least one photovoltaic receiver and there is a secondary optical element adhered by means of a silicone on each of the photovoltaic cells of each receiver photovoltaic
  • the lenses focus the light on the secondary optical elements that transfer it to the cells of the photovoltaic receivers.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention has an electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers, in order to avoid current leakage.
  • This electrical insulation system consists of plastic parts, preferably made by molding. These plastic parts are non-conductive elements of electricity, so they constitute a barrier to current leakage.
  • the electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers also has a thermal interface (pad or thermal paste) arranged in the housing of each of the plastic parts, under the photovoltaic receiver, which electrically isolates said photovoltaic receiver avoiding current leakage. Also, said pad or paste transmits the heat generated in the photovoltaic receiver to the heat sinks, this prevents overheating of the cell. If this pad or paste is adhesive, it will act as a means of securing the photovoltaic receiver.
  • a thermal interface pad or thermal paste
  • the photovoltaic receiver can be attached to the plastic part by means of at least one slide or clipping piece.
  • Said clipping piece is a piece complementary to the main body that can slide internally over it until it is placed above the photovoltaic receiver, exerting a uniform pressure on it.
  • the electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic solar concentration module has two pieces for each piece of plastic located on two opposite sides of the body. These clipping pieces slide through cavities made in the piece of plastic being in turn fixed to it. In this way, the clipping pieces exert a uniform but not excessive pressure on the photovoltaic receivers, which avoids overvoltages on the receivers, which in turn could cause torsions in said receivers, causing them to break.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention can have heat dissipating elements to evacuate the heat generated in the photovoltaic receivers, improving their efficiency.
  • the photovoltaic cells of the receivers are less efficient at higher temperatures, so a system to keep it as cold as possible greatly increases its performance and life.
  • These heat dissipating elements are longitudinal and are located on the outer face of the base of the housing, each arranged under a row of photovoltaic receivers.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module has means of protection against solar radiation out of focus, also called "off focus". This concept refers to situations in which the lenses do not focus on the corresponding secondary elements, but instead do so on other elements of the module. If these other elements are not resistant to the amount of energy received, and are not protected, they could be damaged and cause the module to malfunction.
  • the protection means are formed by inverted "U” shaped longitudinal metal parts, each arranged on a row of secondary optical elements. These metal parts have holes arranged each of them on each of the secondary optical elements of the row. In this way, the pieces of protection against solar radiation out of focus allow the passage of solar radiation only to the secondary elements, preventing the passage of said radiation to the rest of the elements of the module, thus preventing them from being damaged.
  • the solar concentration module object of the present invention has at least one vertical support of the concentrator lens parquet. This is because the lenses basically consist of a large glass plate with a silicone profile on its lower face. If the lenses do not have central supports, they will tend to bend by the action of their own weight, and they could also break due to impacts of objects that could occur during the operation of the module.
  • the vertical support has a height equal to that of the photovoltaic solar concentration module, and is fixed to the base of the housing, usually in the central part of the module, and the parquet of concentrating lenses rests on it. This results in an optimal grip on the lens parquet and good mechanical stability.
  • An alternative embodiment of the claimed module is that the opto-electronic part is easily removable from the main body. This solves the problem of having independent access to cell strings, facilitating the maintenance of the module in the plant and minimizing the cost of possible failures.
  • This cassette system consists of the following components:
  • Off-focus protection system it is an upper part that fulfills a double function as it serves as a means of protection against out-of-focus solar radiation and also acts as a final enclosure to have the system encapsulated.
  • a metal part for securing the secondary optical element that minimizes stresses in the union with the cell and prevents unwanted displacements.
  • the cassette is characterized by occupying a very small volume, being therefore much easier to transport than the complete module.
  • the module assembly procedure it consists of sending the three fundamental elements to field installations or as close as possible. These elements are the lens parquet, the metallic or polymeric housing and the cassette. At the final assembly point these three elements are assembled.
  • this cassette system is characterized by: a) be removable
  • b) include the set of secondary optics and attached, encapsulated and interconnected cells
  • Figure 1 schematically shows the concentration of solar radiation through a concentrating lens to a secondary optical element of a photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a photovoltaic receiver of a concentration module of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a particular embodiment of an electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers of a concentration module object of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a slide or clipping piece of the electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers of the concentration module.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a housing together with heat dissipating elements of a photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention, showing a housing together with means of protection against out-of-focus solar radiation.
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment of the invention with vertical supports of the concentrator lens parquet and a pair of ventilation valves.
  • Figure 9 is a view of a particular embodiment of a ventilation valve of the photovoltaic solar concentration module.
  • Figures 10a, 10b and 10c show different embodiments of the concentration module housing.
  • Figure 10a is of a frame made by metal faces
  • the Figure 10b belongs to a frame of plastic structure
  • Figure 10c is a one-piece metal frame.
  • Figure 11 shows an alternative embodiment in which a cassette with all the opto-electronic components inside it is installed on the outside of the housing
  • Figure 12 shows an expanded view of the cassette
  • FIG. 13 shows the detail of an alternative embodiment of the clipping parts that fit in the electrical insulation
  • Figure 14 represents the assembly of the clipping parts and the mechanical clamping part of the secondary optics.
  • the object of the present invention is a photovoltaic solar concentration module used for the concentration of solar radiation through a parquet of concentrating lenses (18) on secondary optical elements (19) and the focusing from these on photovoltaic receivers (2) , as seen in figure 1.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention is formed by a housing (1), inside which photovoltaic receivers (2) housed in the base of said housing (1) are housed. ) aligned in rows, and interconnected with each other.
  • Each of the photovoltaic receivers (2) has a receiver surface (4), on which at least one photovoltaic cell (5), a protection diode (6), and the corresponding photovoltaic receiver connectors (2) are arranged.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a photovoltaic receiver (2) with its essential components.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module has a parquet of concentrating lenses (18) arranged in the upper part of the housing (1), which close it tightly, in a plane parallel to that of the base of the housing (1) , with photovoltaic receivers (2).
  • These concentrating lenses (18) are equal in number to the photovoltaic receivers (2), and each of them is arranged on one of said photovoltaic receivers (2), whereby each concentrating lens (18) concentrates the solar radiation on a photovoltaic receiver (2).
  • a secondary optical element (19) is provided on each photovoltaic cell (5) of each photovoltaic receiver (2).
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module has substantially cubic geometry, and according to a preferred embodiment it has a total concentration ratio of 000X, the lens being 174x74 mm, and the light focusing on a 5.5x5.5 mm cell.
  • the lens parquet is composed of 42 lenses distributed in 6 rows with 7 lenses per row.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention has an electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers (2).
  • This electrical insulation system is formed by a plurality of plastic parts (8), so that each of them houses a photovoltaic receiver (2).
  • the parts (8) have a housing (9) for the photovoltaic receiver (2), said photovoltaic receiver (2) being attached to the plastic part (8).
  • the electrical isolation system of the photovoltaic receivers (2) has a pad or thermal paste (12) arranged in the housing (9) of each of the plastic parts (8), under the photovoltaic receiver (2), which electrically isolates said photovoltaic receiver (2) and transmits heat from it.
  • the photovoltaic receiver (2) can be fixed to the plastic part (8) by the pad or thermal paste (12) if it is adhesive.
  • the photovoltaic receiver (2) can be fixed to the plastic part (8) by means of at least one clipping part (10), which is fixed to the plastic part (8) and elastically holds the receiver photovoltaic (2) exerting uniform pressure on it.
  • Figure 4 shows a preferred embodiment of said clipping piece (10).
  • the electrical insulation system has two pieces of clipping (10), which are fixed to each piece of plastic (8) and fasten the photovoltaic receiver (2) on two opposite sides of the latter. .
  • these clipping pieces (10) slide through cavities (11) of the plastic part (8).
  • the materials used for molding the plastic parts (8) are polymers with a certain amount of fiberglass to give it rigidity, such as PA66 + GF30 or Schuladur PCR30.
  • the housing (9) of the plastic parts (8) will have the same dimensions as the photovoltaic receiver (2), which according to a preferred embodiment is 20x20 mm.
  • this housing (9) of the plastic parts must be designed to accommodate a thermal pad (12) that is at least 4 mm more side than the photovoltaic receiver (2), so that the housing (9) will have at least 24x24 mm.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a particular embodiment of the invention, in which the concentration module has longitudinal heat dissipating elements (13), arranged on the outer face of the base of the housing (1). Each of them is arranged under a row of photovoltaic receivers (2), and has a plurality of longitudinal fins parallel to the rows of photovoltaic receivers (2). Therefore, according to the preferred embodiment indicated above of 6 rows of 7 photovoltaic receivers (2) each row, preferably there will be 6 heat sink elements (13), each covering 7 receivers (2). This way you get efficient heat dissipation, keeping the photovoltaic cell (5) below 90 ° C in the most adverse temperature conditions.
  • the heat dissipating elements (13) are obtained by extruded aluminum, which is an economical process, which lowers the costs of the photovoltaic solar module.
  • the photovoltaic solar concentration module object of the present invention has means of protection against out-of-focus solar radiation.
  • These protection means consist of longitudinal metal pieces (14) with an inverted "U" shape, which are each arranged on a row of secondary optical elements (19).
  • these off-focus protection pieces (4) have a plurality of holes (5) each arranged on each of the secondary optical elements (19) of the row, of such that they allow the solar radiation to pass only to the secondary elements (19) while preventing its passage to the rest of the parts of the module.
  • the module object of the present invention wherein said module has at least one vertical support (16) for the parquet of concentrating lenses (18), which has a height equal to that of the photovoltaic solar concentration module, and which is fixed to the base of the housing (1) in the central part of the module.
  • the lens parquet of concentrating lenses (18) rests on said vertical support (16) preventing the parquet from curving due to its own weight, and reducing the risk of breakage thereof due to some impact during the operation of the module.
  • the module has two vertical supports (16) arranged in the central area of the module, which will be more than enough to safely support the parquet of concentrating lenses (18).
  • the module can have two ventilation valves (17) arranged on opposite walls of the housing (1), which prevent the condensation of water inside the module, and equalize the existing pressures in the interior and exterior of said module.
  • Figure 9 belongs to a particular embodiment of one of these ventilation valves (17).
  • FIG 10 shows different embodiments of the housing (1) of the present photovoltaic solar concentration module.
  • the housing (1) can be formed by a plurality of folded, cut and welded metal faces.
  • the housing (1) is an integral plastic part, and finally, as shown in figure 10c, the housing (1) is also an integral part, but in this case made of stamped aluminum.
  • this cassette is installed in the base of the housing (1) of the photovoltaic module. It consists of the following components (figure 12)):
  • - Off-focus protection system (14) This is a top piece of the same length as the support (103) and an extruded profile with a rectangular section, which serves a double function. On the one hand it serves as a means of protection against out-of-focus solar radiation, and on the other, it serves as the final closing of the support (103) to have the encapsulated system.
  • a metal fastening part (104) composed of support and fixing points with respect to the plastic part (8) of the electrical insulation system, an intermediate zone of circular section that circles the flange of the secondary optical element (19) and an upper area formed by support points that prevent lateral movement of the secondary optical element (9).
  • the cassette is characterized by occupying a very small volume, being therefore much easier to transport than the complete module.
  • the module assembly procedure it consists of sending the three fundamental elements to field installations or as close as possible. These elements are the lens parquet, the metallic or polymeric housing and the cassette. At the final assembly point these three elements are assembled.

Landscapes

  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Module de concentration solaire photovoltaïque formé d'une ossature (1) comprenant, des récepteurs photovoltaïques (2) alignés en rangées et interconnectés les uns avec les autres, dans sa partie interne, une matrice de lentilles de concentration (18) placée dans la partie supérieure de l'ossature (1), fermant celle-ci de manière étanche, et un élément optique secondaire (19) placé sur la cellule photovoltaïque (5) de chaque récepteur photovoltaïque (2). Ce module comporte un système d'isolation électrique des récepteurs photovoltaïques (2) constitué de pièces de plastique (8) comportant chacune un logement (9) dans lequel est logé au moins un récepteur photovoltaïque (2), une garniture thermique (12) étant présente dans ledit logement (9), sous le récepteur photovoltaïque (2), et assurant l'isolation électrique de ce dernier ainsi que le transfert de chaleur depuis ce dernier.
PCT/ES2012/000079 2011-04-01 2012-03-30 Module de concentration solaire photovoltaïque Ceased WO2012131123A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201130522 2011-04-01
ES201130522A ES2396785B1 (es) 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 Módulo de concentración solar fotovoltaica.
ESP201101144 2011-10-21
ES201101144A ES2404667B8 (es) 2011-10-21 2011-10-21 Módulo de concentración solar fotovoltaica, mejorado.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012131123A1 true WO2012131123A1 (fr) 2012-10-04

Family

ID=46929524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2012/000079 Ceased WO2012131123A1 (fr) 2011-04-01 2012-03-30 Module de concentration solaire photovoltaïque

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012131123A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5118361A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-06-02 The Boeing Company Terrestrial concentrator solar cell module
US20090120500A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 Eric Prather Solar cell package for solar concentrator
US20090159125A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Eric Prather Solar cell package for solar concentrator
US20100037935A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2010-02-18 Emcore Solar Power, Inc. Concentrated Photovoltaic System Modules Using III-V Semiconductor Solar Cells

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5118361A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-06-02 The Boeing Company Terrestrial concentrator solar cell module
US20090120500A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-14 Eric Prather Solar cell package for solar concentrator
US20090159125A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Eric Prather Solar cell package for solar concentrator
US20100037935A1 (en) * 2008-02-11 2010-02-18 Emcore Solar Power, Inc. Concentrated Photovoltaic System Modules Using III-V Semiconductor Solar Cells

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