WO2012140456A1 - Procédure et installation de tri de déchets urbains solides - Google Patents

Procédure et installation de tri de déchets urbains solides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012140456A1
WO2012140456A1 PCT/HR2012/000008 HR2012000008W WO2012140456A1 WO 2012140456 A1 WO2012140456 A1 WO 2012140456A1 HR 2012000008 W HR2012000008 W HR 2012000008W WO 2012140456 A1 WO2012140456 A1 WO 2012140456A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
sorting
procedure
municipal solid
solid waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/HR2012/000008
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English (en)
Inventor
Ðuro HORVAT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tehnix d o o
Original Assignee
Tehnix d o o
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tehnix d o o filed Critical Tehnix d o o
Publication of WO2012140456A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012140456A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/005—Transportable screening plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly

Definitions

  • the subject matter of the invention is a procedure and a plant for sorting of municipal mixed solid waste.
  • the sorting procedure consists of a series of cold, mechanical, machine processes, combined with a manual procedure.
  • the sorting procedure is carried out in the plant that consists of a device for receiving and dosing, shredding of large waste, sieving, manual sorting, magnetic separation and packaging of sorted waste components. Transport of waste between individual devices is carried out through conveyor belts.
  • the invention belongs to the following technical fields:
  • Municipal solid waste is basically a mixture of various organic and inorganic substances that may be generally classified into the following groups:
  • the procedure and plant for sorting of municipal solid waste according to the invention solve the technical problem of economical sorting of large amounts of municipal mixed solid waste by mechanical processes and manual procedures.
  • the result of sorting is a large number of high quality and consistently sorted components appropriately packed for the transportation thereof to the facilities for recycling, incineration or landfills.
  • Patent document No. CN 10176586 describes a modular device for sorting of household waste.
  • the device consists of an input section, a section for bags opening, a magnetic separator, a section for water separation and a section for separation of organic substances. Waste transport inside the plant is carried out through conveyor belts.
  • Patent document No. WO2005120729 describes a complex system and a procedure of municipal waste sorting according to the types of material. Municipal waste is in the beginning sorted according to the size in 3 groups, after that these groups and/or their combinations are sorted according to the types of material by manual separation, separation according to the density, metal separation and additional separation according to the size.
  • Patent document No. RU2282507 describes a station for waste sorting with mechanisms for handling containers. Separation begins with the reception of unsorted waste on a conveyor belt which is moving periodically and is done on the conveyor belt by manual separation and magnetic separation of ferromagnetic metals.
  • a procedure of municipal solid waste sorting according to the invention consists of a series of cold, mechanical, machine shredding processes, sifting and separating in combination with a manual procedure.
  • the sorting procedure is carried out in a plant which consists of a device for reception and dosing, a device for shredding of bulky waste, a device for sifting of biological waste, a line for manual sorting according to the types of material of which an individual waste component is made, a device for magnetic separation of ferromagnetic metals, a device for pressing of compressible sorted waste components and a device for packing and disposal of sorted waste components.
  • Waste transport inside the plant is carried out through conveyor belts.
  • the essence of the invention is contained in a precisely defined sequence of operations and machine operations where waste is treated before manual sorting and after it.
  • Stages of the waste treatment prior to manual waste sorting bring the waste in loose condition, from which water present in the collected mixed waste is separated in the device for reception and dosing, and biological waste is separated in the device for sifting.
  • the waste that is relatively dry, loose and without biological waste components is brought to the belt for manual sorting, which greatly facilitates its manual sorting according to the types of material of which waste components are made.
  • Incompressible components of the waste such as glass waste and metal waste, are disposed in containers suitable for the transportation thereof to recycling.
  • Compressible components such as waste paper and plastic waste, are pressed and packed into bundles suitable for the transportation thereof to recycling.
  • the plant according to the invention differs from the modular device described in patent document No. CN 10176586 in that the described modular device does not contain a line for manual sorting, a device for pressing of compressible sorted waste components and a device for packing of sorted waste components.
  • the process of machine waste sorting described in patent document No. CN 10176586 is not carried out in a specific order as the process according to the invention. Due to the lack of manual sorting and to the undefined sequence of machine procedures, the quality of sorting described in patent document No. CN10176586 is significantly lower.
  • the procedure of municipal waste sorting described in patent document No. RU2282507 consists just of two operations: a manual sorting and a magnetic separation of ferromagnetic metals so the quality and the degree of waste resolution are very low.
  • the system of internal transportation of sorted and unsorted waste is based on the usage of a large number of containers and transportation devices which makes it unpractical.
  • the procedure according to the invention in relation to the described procedures and devices includes a relatively small number of machine operations which are strongly interdependent and combined with the manual procedure.
  • the plant according to the invention presents a linear series of the devices for waste sorting between which the waste transportation is carried out through conveyor belts.
  • the number of the types of sorted waste materials is higher than the number in the described solutions and their purity is of significantly higher degree and of more consistent quality.
  • the process and plant according to the invention represent an environmentally clean and cost-effective solution for sorting of large quantities of municipal mixed solid waste, the largest part of which is recycled, after the sorting.
  • Figure 1 shows the scheme of the procedure of municipal solid waste sorting.
  • Figure 2 shows the layout of the plant for sorting of municipal solid waste.
  • Figure 3 shows a partial longitudinal section A-A of the plant for sorting of municipal solid waste from Figure 2.
  • Municipal solid waste is transported at the start position of the procedure to the chamber in which the reception and dosing of municipal solid waste as well as discharging of waste waters from wet waste are carried out. All types of dry or wet municipal mixed solid waste of various sizes, containing the following substances, may be accepted:
  • draining of wet waste and drainage of extracted waste water into the system for waste water treatment are carried out.
  • Dosing of drained waste is carried out using built-in worm screws and a thrust hydraulic system as built into the chamber.
  • a constantly dosed amount of waste is directed to an inclined ribbed conveyor belt by which it is delivered to the second stage of the procedure.
  • sifting of waste is carried out in a sifting device with a rotating inclined screen.
  • the size of the screen perforation is such as to allow the passing of mostly the smallest biowaste that falls into containers placed under the screen and suitable for the transport of biological waste over long distances.
  • Unsifted bulky waste that comes from the screen is lifted up by inclined ribbed conveyor belt to the fourth stage of the procedure.
  • dust is generated and is, by using of a unique ventilation system with filters, removed from the device for shredding and the device for sifting of waste.
  • a line for manual sorting is placed in a closed prefabricated building object on a platform with a horizontal conveyor belt, on which unsifted waste is brought from the sifting device.
  • On both sides of the conveyor belt there are containers with funnels in which sorted waste is put.
  • Under the platform there are containers and boxes for the reception of certain types of sorted waste.
  • the workers placed on both sides of the conveyor belt sort the waste which is transported by the belt in front of them, in order that they can select certain types of waste from the belt and put them in containers with funnels intended for certain types of waste, through which selected waste falls in the container or the box under the platform.
  • this type of waste should be perforated. Because of that, this type of packaging is punched in a perforating device prior to its disposal in the corresponding container with a funnel.
  • Incompressible components of solid waste made of glass and compressible components of solid waste made of various types of plastics, paper and cardboard and compressible products made of stained metal are sorted manually. By disposing the incompressible components of waste in containers suitable for transport over longer distances, the process of their sorting is terminated. Compressible components of the waste are disposed in boxes from which the appropriately dosed quantities are pressed on the horizontal conveyor belt, that carries them to the inclined ribbed conveyor belt, which lifts them to a device for pressing and binding in the sixth stage of the procedure.
  • the area in which manual sorting is done is designed as a closed space that is air conditioned to regulate the temperature and air cleanliness, due to the presence of various vapors and dust.
  • the sixth stage of the procedure pressing and binding of sorted compressible components of waste are carried out in a device for pressing and binding. Bales of bound components of compressible waste are temporarily deposited at the landfill near the plant to collect them for transportation to a recycling factory.
  • the sixth stage of the procedure is functionally independent from the previous stages of the procedure. Therefore, phases 1-5 of the procedure are related to one management system and the sixth stage of the procedure is related to a separate management system.
  • Chamber 1 for reception and dosing of municipal solid waste and drainage of free waste water from wet waste.
  • Chamber 1 consists of a metal shell with tight bottom. In order to allow an easier reception of the municipal waste, chamber 1 is located below the ground level. Around chamber 1 , above the ground, there is a fence that has in the front side a door for the access of vehicles with waste, and on the back side an inclined ribbed conveyor belt TV The bottom of the chamber has slope front and back side in the form of letter V for easier supply of waste to the inclined ribbed conveyor belt TV Free waste water is collected on the bottom of chamber 1 and is, by using a submersible sludge pump, drained away in waste water treatment system. From the bottom of the chamber, the waste is directed by two worm screws and a thrust hydraulic system to the inclined ribbed conveyor T
  • Device 2 consists of a drum which on periphery has uniformly placed blades.
  • the drum with blades is rotating in a casing that on the front and back sides has stationary blades between which drum blades for cutting the waste rotate.
  • Axial distance between the rotating and the stationary blades is such that they cut only the biggest waste such as bags and boxes in which small waste is packed.
  • Unchopped waste is brought by the inclined ribbed conveyor belt T-i to the input hole of device 2 on the upper side of device 2, and the chopped and loose waste is falling from the hole on the lower side of device 2 onto the inclined ribbed conveyor belt T2.
  • the dust generated during shredding is removed from device 2 by means of a ventilation system.
  • Device 3 for sifting consists of a cylindrical rotating screen placed in its casing.
  • Device 3 is placed on a rack for the purpose of insertion of containers for reception of sifted waste from device 3.
  • the axis of the cylindrical screen is inclined under a small angle in relation to the horizontal level in order to facilitate the transit of waste through the screen from the higher input hole to the lower output hole of the screen.
  • the screen on its inner shell has a spiral rib which facilitates the transportation of waste through the screen.
  • Chopped waste from device 2 is brought by an inclined ribbed conveyor belt T2 to a higher, input hole of the screen that is rotating and sifting small biological waste onto the bottom of the device casing.
  • circular and/or rectangular holes are made for sifting the waste which is mostly of biological origin.
  • Sifted waste is directed from the casing bottom to the holes on the bottom of the casing through which it is falling into the containers placed under device 3. Larger unsifted waste exits through a lower, output hole of the screen and falls onto an inclined ribbed conveyor belt T 3 . The dust generated during sifting, is removed from device 3 by means of a ventilation system.
  • Line 4 for manual sorting consists of a machine and a building part.
  • the machine part of line 4 for manual sorting consists of a horizontal conveyor belt T 4 , a larger number of containers with funnels which serve for waste sorting and which are placed on both sides of a horizontal conveyor belt T 4 and a large number of PET perforating devices.
  • the machine part of line 4 for manual sorting is placed in a closed, prefabricated, air conditioned object on a platform.
  • the building part is made as a line of connected container units which form a single spatial entirety in the form of tunnel. Unsifted waste from device 3 for sifting is led by an inclined ribbed conveyor belt T 3 to the beginning of the horizontal conveyor belt T .
  • a device 5 for magnetic separation of ferromagnetic metals Above the end of the horizontal conveyor belt T 4 for manual sorting that extends beyond the building construction there is a device 5 for magnetic separation of ferromagnetic metals. It consists of a strong electromagnet with associated equipment for operation and management of the electromagnet. Separated ferromagnetic metal waste is disposed in containers suitable for transport over long distances. The remaining unsorted waste material is deposited in containers suitable for transporting of unsorted waste to the landfills.
  • Device 6 for pressing and binding of sorted compressible components of waste Sorted compressible waste components collected in boxes under the platform have to be packed appropriately for the transportation thereof to recycling facilities. Every sorted component has to be packed individually in the manner that a certain amount of the selected component is pushed from the box onto a horizontal conveyor belt T 5 which is placed under the box bottom level and parallel with the line 4 for manual sorting.
  • the horizontal conveyor belt T 5 brings the sorted component to an inclined ribbed conveyor belt T 6, which lifts it up to the input hatch of device 6 for pressing and binding.
  • Device 6 consists of a reception part, a hydraulic press and a part for binding of sorted compressible components into bales.
  • the amount of waste to be pressed by the hydraulic press is determined and in the part for binding, the pressed waste components are bonded into bales.
  • the bales of bonded components of compressible waste are temporarily deposited in landfills near the plant to be collected for transport to recycling facilities.
  • the plant according to the invention can be manufactured for the sorting of various quantities of municipal mixed solid waste. The capacity of individual plants can range from 5 to 20 tons of waste / hour.
  • Device 6 for pressing and binding is functionally independent from the devices described in the previous stages of the procedure until the boxes below the platform contain sufficient quantities of sorted compressible components of waste.

Landscapes

  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une procédure et une installation de tri de déchets urbains solides en fonction des types de matière constituant certains composants de déchets, la procédure consistant en une séquence de procédures mécaniques combinées à une procédure manuelle. La figure 1 représente le mécanisme de la procédure qui comprend les étapes suivantes : 1. réception et dosage des déchets urbains solides dans une chambre de réception et de dosage; 2. déchiquetage des déchets plus gros dans un dispositif de déchiquetage; 3. criblage des déchets dans un dispositif de criblage; 4. triage manuel des déchets non criblés sur une ligne de triage manuel; 5. séparation des métaux ferromagnétiques dans un dispositif de séparation magnétique des métaux ferromagnétiques; et 6. compression et fixation des composants de déchets compressibles triés dans un dispositif de compression et de fixation. Le procédé et l'installation de l'invention permettent de résoudre le problème technique du triage économique de grandes quantités de déchets urbains solides. Le triage permet d'obtenir un grand nombre de composants de grande qualité triés de manière logique, emballés de manière appropriée pour le transport jusqu'à des installations de recyclage, d'incinération ou des décharges.
PCT/HR2012/000008 2011-04-12 2012-04-06 Procédure et installation de tri de déchets urbains solides Ceased WO2012140456A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20110260A 2011-04-12
HRP20110260AA HRPK20110260B3 (hr) 2011-04-12 2011-04-12 Postupak i postrojenje za razvrstavanje krutog komunalnog otpada

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012140456A1 true WO2012140456A1 (fr) 2012-10-18

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PCT/HR2012/000008 Ceased WO2012140456A1 (fr) 2011-04-12 2012-04-06 Procédure et installation de tri de déchets urbains solides

Country Status (2)

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HR (1) HRPK20110260B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012140456A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2533247R1 (es) * 2013-10-03 2016-03-23 Biotran Gestion De Residuos, S.L. Procedimiento y sistema para la separación y reciclaje de residuos de medicamentos
WO2024218709A1 (fr) * 2023-04-18 2024-10-24 Trashman Private Limited Système de classification de déchets ménagers

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112892863B (zh) * 2021-01-14 2023-03-17 四川叶子原茶业有限公司 一种精制茶叶生产工艺

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4610396A (en) * 1983-01-10 1986-09-09 Enrique Carbonell Serra Process for the treatment of municipal refuse and plant for its execution
EP0443314A2 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Werner Doppstadt Installation de tri de d˩chets
US5071075A (en) * 1988-07-18 1991-12-10 Wiens Thomas J Solid waste disposal
WO2005120729A1 (fr) 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Grl Investments Pty Limited Systeme et procede de tri des dechets solides municipaux
RU2282507C1 (ru) 2005-02-21 2006-08-27 Михаил Леонидович Кузнецов Способ сортировки твердых отходов и комплекс для его осуществления
CN101716586A (zh) 2009-11-06 2010-06-02 上海彼利环保科技有限公司 模块组装式生活垃圾分选装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4610396A (en) * 1983-01-10 1986-09-09 Enrique Carbonell Serra Process for the treatment of municipal refuse and plant for its execution
US5071075A (en) * 1988-07-18 1991-12-10 Wiens Thomas J Solid waste disposal
EP0443314A2 (fr) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Werner Doppstadt Installation de tri de d˩chets
WO2005120729A1 (fr) 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Grl Investments Pty Limited Systeme et procede de tri des dechets solides municipaux
RU2282507C1 (ru) 2005-02-21 2006-08-27 Михаил Леонидович Кузнецов Способ сортировки твердых отходов и комплекс для его осуществления
CN101716586A (zh) 2009-11-06 2010-06-02 上海彼利环保科技有限公司 模块组装式生活垃圾分选装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2533247R1 (es) * 2013-10-03 2016-03-23 Biotran Gestion De Residuos, S.L. Procedimiento y sistema para la separación y reciclaje de residuos de medicamentos
WO2024218709A1 (fr) * 2023-04-18 2024-10-24 Trashman Private Limited Système de classification de déchets ménagers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRPK20110260B3 (hr) 2014-10-10
HRP20110260A2 (hr) 2012-10-31

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