WO2012143221A1 - Composition minérale pour la production de couches chauffantes électriques - Google Patents

Composition minérale pour la production de couches chauffantes électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012143221A1
WO2012143221A1 PCT/EP2012/055622 EP2012055622W WO2012143221A1 WO 2012143221 A1 WO2012143221 A1 WO 2012143221A1 EP 2012055622 W EP2012055622 W EP 2012055622W WO 2012143221 A1 WO2012143221 A1 WO 2012143221A1
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Prior art keywords
composition
weight
composition according
total weight
filler
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Ceased
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PCT/EP2012/055622
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilhelm FÜTTERER
Marcin Molek
Uwe EICH
Wilhelm Hartmann
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Publication of WO2012143221A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012143221A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/08—Slag cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
    • C04B2111/62—Self-levelling compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
    • C04B2111/94—Electrically conducting materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of mineral compositions which are particularly suitable as or for the production of putty, screed or ground leveling compounds. It concerns
  • Mainly meandering flexible tubes are introduced into the area to be heated, is passed through the actual heating warm water.
  • prefabricated mats which also contain a meandering heating wire, which can be electrically heated up. Both are associated with high design effort.
  • a mechanical violation of the systems is extremely problematic. If, for example, the heating pipe is accidentally drilled, the heating water leaks out and can lead to extensive damage.
  • the repair is expensive. The floor, wall or ceiling structure must be pried open and the pipe exposed to carry out the necessary repair work. The heating wire is comparatively thin. If this is drilled or otherwise damaged, no electricity can flow and the complete heating mat fails. Again, the repair is expensive and requires the exposure of the damaged area. There is therefore a need for heating elements that can be installed with less effort and that are insensitive to mechanical damage.
  • a flexible, flat heating element is known.
  • This includes, inter alia, a heating means which contains at least one electrically conductive material which comprises at least carbon particles, and arranged on the edge region of the heating means, electrical
  • the heating means may consist solely of carbon particles, which may have a variety of morphology, processing and conditioning. Preferably, however, a heating means based on Kuststoffbasis used, in the carbon particles and
  • the heating medium contains a organic binder.
  • inorganic binders is generally mentioned, but no concrete heating means based on such binders are described.
  • Preferred carbon particles are graphite and carbon nanotubes. A combination of these substances should each
  • WO 01/22434 A1 US Pat. No. 6,086,791 and WO 2005/036562 A1 each disclose electrically conductive coating compositions which can generate and release heat when connected to a voltage source.
  • the compositions each contain a binder, special soot particles, special graphite particles and a volatile solvent.
  • the addition of carbon fibers is not mentioned.
  • Suitable binders are all known binders, provided that they are stable at the temperatures which the operation of the coating brings with it as a heating source. Examples include a variety of organic polymers, but also called silicones, silicates and inorganic binders such as Portland cement and gypsum. Silicone resins are used in the concrete examples disclosed.
  • the compositions are in the form of a paint by means of a conventional
  • EP 1 749 805 A1 describes gypsum building materials having increased thermal conductivity and shielding against electromagnetic radiation. These can be processed into moldings that can be used in floor, ceiling or wall heating systems. The moldings serve the uniform distribution of heat generated elsewhere, not the generation of heat itself.
  • the gypsum building materials contain ground, compacted graphite expandate and may also contain natural graphite, carbon fibers and other additives. The addition of synthetic graphite, carbon black and the like is described as being disadvantageous. On the one hand, these additives are intended to impair the room-conditioning effect of the gypsum-based building materials, on the other hand they lead to undesirable dust formation during the machining of molded parts from these building materials.
  • compositions according to WO 01/22434 A1, US Pat. No. 6,086,791 and WO 2005/036562 A1 allow the production of very thin coatings. For large-scale heating of buildings such thin layers are poorly suited. From plaster building materials according to EP 1 749 805 A1 moldings are obtained which do not serve the generation of heat itself.
  • heating elements that can be installed with little effort and that are insensitive to mechanical damage. These are intended in particular as Part of a large floor, ceiling or wall heating be suitable to allow the heating of complete rooms and buildings. It is an object of the present invention to provide compositions for producing such heating elements.
  • compositions containing defined amounts of at least one inorganic binder, carbon black and carbon fibers are containing defined amounts of at least one inorganic binder, carbon black and carbon fibers.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a composition containing
  • Such a composition is suitable for the production of fillers, screed or floor leveling compounds, in particular those with self-leveling properties. Since appropriate masses in the reconstruction of a floor, wall or ceiling construction, be it in the context of a new building or a basic renovation, must be applied anyway, in one operation, for example, a screed or floor leveling applied and simultaneously formed an electrically conductive layer, the can be used as a heating layer after suitable connection to a current / voltage source. It is particularly advantageous that the composition can be applied without difficulty, regardless of the geometry of the surfaces to be heated.
  • self-leveling ground leveling compounds can be cast onto a complexly shaped floor on pillars such as bay windows, ledges, or in space, and distributed to the edges and corners using standard techniques. In classic underfloor heating based on heating coils or prefabricated heating mats, this is not readily possible.
  • compositions according to the invention contain from 5 to 90% by weight of at least one inorganic binder, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • latent hydraulic, pozzolanic or non-hydraulic inorganic binders are used.
  • Hydraulic binders are understood as meaning those binders which also set under water, ie harden. These include, in particular, hydraulic limestones and cements. Cements consist predominantly of calcium silicates, calcium aluminates and calcium ferrites, which are formed during the "burning" of the raw materials (eg limestone, clay, limestone marl, clay marl, etc.) at temperatures of up to about 1,500 ° C in the clinker. The essential properties of the cements depend on the Composition of raw materials, the proportion of components to be ground and the fineness of grinding.
  • pozzolans components which react in the presence of Ca (OH) 2 and hydraulically setting.
  • These include naturally occurring pozzolans such as metakaolin, trass or phonolite, as well as artificially produced pozzolans such as silica dusts, for example microsilica, or flyashes or reactive silicas.
  • Natural pozzolans are usually ground before their use to particle sizes smaller than 200 ⁇ to increase the reactivity.
  • latent-hydraulic binder binders which set hydraulically in the presence of an exciter.
  • the lime content of latent-hydraulic binders is significantly higher than that of pozzolanic binders.
  • Latent hydraulic binders are, for example, slag sands or blastfurnace slag.
  • Non-hydraulic binders only harden in air, not under water. These include chromeum sulfates such as gypsum, calcium sulfate hemihydrate and anhydrite, and calcium oxides such as white lime.
  • the inorganic binder is selected from the group of cements, preferably Portland cements, Portland composite cements, calcium aluminate cements, calcium sulfoaluminate cements, blastfurnace cements and composite cements, calcium sulfates, preferably calcium sulfate hemihydrate, pozzolans, calcium oxides and calcium hydroxides.
  • cements preferably Portland cements, Portland composite cements, calcium aluminate cements, calcium sulfoaluminate cements, blastfurnace cements and composite cements, calcium sulfates, preferably calcium sulfate hemihydrate, pozzolans, calcium oxides and calcium hydroxides.
  • the inorganic binder used may be a mixture of at least two different inorganic binders, in particular cements and / or calcium sulfates.
  • Calcium aluminate cement such as, for example, high-alumina cement, Portland cement, calcium sulfate hemihydrate or mixtures thereof, is particularly preferably used.
  • the proportion of inorganic binder is preferably from 6 to 80% by weight, preferably from 7 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 8 to 60% by weight and most preferably from 10 to 50% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the composition. If the composition contains a plurality of inorganic binders, for example a mixture of two, three, four or even more inorganic binders, the amounts given relate to the total amount of all inorganic binders present.
  • the compositions contain as inorganic binder 0 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 40 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0 to 30 wt .-%, of at least one cement and 0 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 50 Wt .-%, particularly preferably 0 to 40 wt .-%, of at least one calcium sulfate, each based on the total weight of the composition, wherein the sum of the Amount of cement (s) and calcium sulfate (s) at least 5 wt .-% and at most 90 wt .-%, preferably 6 to 80 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 8 to 60 wt. -% and most preferably 10 to 50 wt .-%, is.
  • compositions according to the invention also contain from 0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon black, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition contains carbon black in an amount of 0.5 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 4 wt .-% and particularly preferably 1, 5 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Carbon black is a carbon modification that forms in the form of a black powdered solid upon incomplete combustion or thermal cracking of vaporous carbonaceous substances. Carbon black is commercially available in a wide variety of qualities.
  • Amorphous, pulverulent carbon black is preferably used in the compositions according to the invention, in particular carbon black, which has a maximum particle size of at most 2000 ⁇ m, determined by sieve analysis according to DIN 66165-1: 1987-04 and DIN 66165-2: 1987-04. Coarse-grained soot qualities have proven to be disadvantageous, since the use of such soils suffers from the electrical conductivity of the composition or layers produced therefrom. This heats up such layers worse.
  • carbon blacks are used which have a maximum particle size of at most 1500 ⁇ m, particularly preferably at most 1000 ⁇ m and very particularly preferably at most 500 ⁇ m.
  • composition may contain a mixture of a plurality of different types of carbon black, for example two, three, four or even more types of carbon black.
  • the above quantities refer to the total amount of all types of carbon black contained.
  • compositions of the invention further contain from 0.1 to 15% by weight of carbon fibers, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition contains carbon fibers in an amount of 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 5 wt .-% and particularly preferably 1, 5 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition.
  • carbon fibers having a fiber length of 50 to 8000 ⁇ , preferably 100 to 6000 ⁇ are used. Preference is given in particular to carbon fibers which are commercially available under the name Tenax A HAT M100 (100 ⁇ m, Tenax HT C124 (6000 ⁇ m) and STW carbon fiber filler SFC 4.0 MFC, or mixtures thereof. In a particular embodiment, a mixture of at least two different carbon fibers is used, wherein at least one type of carbon fiber has a fiber length of 50 to 500 ⁇ m and at least one other type of carbon fiber has a fiber length of 5000 to 8000 ⁇ m. The stated fiber lengths can be determined microscopically in a conventional manner.
  • composition may comprise a mixture of a plurality of different carbon fibers, for example two, three, four or even more carbon fibers.
  • the above quantities refer to the total amount of all carbon fibers contained.
  • compositions may contain other ingredients that have a positive effect on the properties of the composition or layers and heating elements made therefrom.
  • composition according to the invention preferably also contains graphite and / or a metal, particularly preferably graphite.
  • Graphite is a widely used carbon modification that occurs naturally among others. Graphite is commercially available in a wide variety of qualities. There is a wide range of different properties such as particle sizes, specific surface areas, densities and electrical conductivities. In the compositions according to the invention comparatively fine-grained graphite is preferably used.
  • graphite is used, which has a maximum particle size of at most 1000 ⁇ , determined by sieve analysis according to DIN 66165-1: 1987-04 and DIN 66165-2: 1 987- 04, has.
  • graphite is used, which has a maximum particle size of at most 500 ⁇ , more preferably at most 100 ⁇ and very particularly preferably at most 50 ⁇ .
  • graphites can be used which are commercially available from the company Lüh under the name Graphite GHL 2 and Graphite GHL 95/1 5. Preference is given to the use of graphite GHL 2. This is characterized in addition to a small particle size and high purity (carbon content about 99.8%) and high conductivity.
  • the metals used are preferably metals, which are characterized by very high conductivity and also insensitivity to common environmental influences.
  • the metal is preferably introduced in the form of a powder, fibers or small beads. Examples of preferred metals include copper and silver.
  • Graphite and / or metal are preferably used in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.75 to 4 wt .-%, most preferably 1 to 2 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition used.
  • composition may contain a mixture of several different types of graphite and / or metals, for example two, three, four or more types of graphite and / or metals.
  • the above quantities refer to the total amount of all contained
  • composition according to the invention preferably also contains at least one filler.
  • fillers which are known for use in construction-chemical products are suitable as fillers, it being preferred to use exclusively inorganic fillers.
  • Calcium carbonate, in particular limestone flour, quartz, in particular quartz sand and quartz gravel, and mixtures thereof are preferably used as the filler.
  • lightweight fillers are recommended. These typically have densities of less than 2000 kg / m 3 , preferably less than 1500 kg / m 3 , very particularly preferably less than 1200 kg / m 3 or even less than 1000 kg / m 3 .
  • Suitable for this purpose are, for example, inorganic hollow microspheres, expanded glass, expanded mica, expanded perlite, expanded slate or expanded clay. It can also be combined with each other two or more of these different lightweight fillers.
  • the proportion of filler is for example 5 to 90 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 15 to 90 wt .-%, most preferably 25 to 85 wt .-% and particularly preferably 50 to 85 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition.
  • composition may contain a mixture of several different fillers, for example two, three, four or even more fillers.
  • the above quantities refer to the total amount of all contained fillers.
  • the filler is wholly or partially coated with a conductive layer, in particular a conductive carbon layer
  • Silicon dioxide is.
  • Corresponding fillers are commercially available and are sold, for example, by the company Worlee under the name Quartz AS 0104 (0.1-0.4 mm), Quartz AS 0408, Quartz AS 0712 and Quartz AS 1020.
  • Quartz AS 0104 is preferred according to the invention.
  • compositions are obtained which are distinguished by increased conductivity and excellent processing properties. It is therefore preferred that, based on the total amount of filler, the proportion of coated with a conductive carbon layer silicon dioxide is at least 20 wt .-%, preferably at least 30 wt .-% and particularly preferably at least 50 wt .-% ,
  • inorganic binder, carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite and / or metal and filler preferably make at least 85 wt .-%, more preferably at least 90 wt .-% and most preferably at least 95 wt .-% of the composition according to the invention from, in each case based on the total weight of the composition.
  • auxiliaries and additives which affect the application properties of the composition are suitable as further ingredients.
  • the further ingredients are, for example, in an amount of 0 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 10 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 7 wt .-% and most preferably 1 to 5 wt .-%, respectively based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Examples include thixotropic and / or water retention agents, plasticizers, accelerators, defoamers, stabilizers, air entrainers, water repellents, sulfate carriers, retarders and dust reducing agent mentioned.
  • cellulose ethers or methylcellulose ethers can be used.
  • certain dispersion powders for example based on a water-redispersible polymer binder, preferably based on vinyl acetate and ethylene (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer).
  • Water retention agents can be used in particular in amounts of from 1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Condensers may be used in particular in amounts of 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 2 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition become.
  • preferred liquefiers according to the invention are liquefiers based on modified polycarboxylate ethers, as well as caseins.
  • the liquefiers are selected in such a way that they reduce the need for water when they are worn and, in addition, advantageously lead to or promote particularly good early strength development.
  • Composition also contains at least one accelerator, in particular a hardening accelerator, for example based on alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonates, more preferably lithium carbonate, or aluminum sulfate.
  • the accelerator can be used in quantities of 0.001 to 1 % By weight, in particular 0.05 to 0.25% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the composition.
  • At least one defoamer for example a solid combination of liquid hydrocarbons, polyglycols and amorphous silicic acid.
  • Such an antifoaming agent can be used in particular in amounts of from 0.001 to 1% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 3% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the composition.
  • composition according to the invention may additionally comprise at least one stabilizing agent.
  • stabilizing agents may for example be selected from gums, e.g. As diutan gum, or based on cellulose or cellulose derivatives, z. As hydroxyethyl cellulose, be formed.
  • various stabilizers may be combined with each other, e.g. B. gums on the one hand and cellulose or cellulose derivatives on the other. If as
  • Stabilizing agent gums are used, they can be used in amounts of 0.001 to 0.2 wt .-%, preferably 0.03 to 0.08 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition. If as stabilizer cellulose or cellulose derivatives, for. B.
  • Hydroxyethylcellulose they can be used in amounts of 0.001 to 0.5 wt .-%, preferably 0.05 to 0.15 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the salts of lauric acid in particular the zinc salt, called as sulfate carrier iron sulfate.
  • Suitable retarders are, for example, alkaline earth salts, in particular calcium salts, of amino acids, sodium phosphonate and hydroxypolycarboxylic acids, for example dihydroxysuccinic acid or citric acid, and salts thereof.
  • compositions may tend to form dust in the dry state.
  • when decanting or when mixing with water may cause dust.
  • the fine dust settles on the user's clothing and skin and in the worst case is absorbed via the respiratory tract. It is therefore desirable this
  • compositions may therefore further comprise at least one additive for reducing the
  • Dust-removing additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures or polyethylene glycols are preferably used. These cause a long-term dedusting with respect to the compositions treated herewith, which both in closed storage and in open storage, especially under
  • Atmospheric oxygen is preserved.
  • liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures or polyethylene glycols are used as dedusting additives.
  • this has the advantage that liquid application forms can be better applied to the compositions to be dedusted, and the application is more homogeneous than in the case of solid dedusting additives and, moreover, smaller quantities are required than in the case of solid dedusting additives.
  • the adhesion of liquid additives or additive mixtures is improved compared to solid forms with respect to the compositions to be treated. Therefore, under normal conditions, liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures or polyethylene glycols are preferably used as dedusting additives.
  • dedusting additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures can be used according to the invention in particular aliphatic hydrocarbons or
  • Hydrocarbon mixtures in particular linear or branched, preferably linear, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, preferably saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used.
  • the aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures preferably used may contain certain aromatic constituents, in particular aromatic hydrocarbons; This is especially the case when technical hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures are used, for.
  • technical mineral oils often contain aromatic components.
  • the aromatics content based on the total hydrocarbons or total hydrocarbon mixtures used, should advantageously not exceed 30% by weight, preferably 20% by weight, preferably 17.5% by weight, particularly preferably 15% by weight.
  • hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used as dedusting additives in particular aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures (optionally with aromatic fractions, as defined above), preferably have boiling points or boiling ranges in the order of 100 to 400 ° C, especially 150 to 350 ° C, preferably 200 to 300 ° C, on, in each case based on atmospheric pressure.
  • Such hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, in particular aliphatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures (optionally with aromatic contents, as defined above) can be processed well as dedusting additives with the construction chemical products and have only extremely low volatility, so that a long-term dedusting effect is achieved and not appreciable amounts be volatilized in dedusting additive over a certain storage time.
  • hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures which are liquid under standard conditions (25 ° C. and atmospheric pressure) in the total mixture used as dedusting additive.
  • the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used in the compositions according to the invention are preferably hydrocarbons having one
  • Preferably used hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures have densities in the range of 800 to 900 kg / m 3 , in particular 825 to 875 kg / m 3 , on.
  • the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures used as dedusting additives at a temperature of 107 ° C for a evaporation loss over 24 hours of less than 5 wt .-%, preferably less than 2 wt .-%, particularly preferably less than 1 % By weight, based on the hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures. In this way it is ensured that on the one hand a long-term dedusting in relation to the
  • compositions is achieved and on the other hand, the compositions at least in
  • the dedusting additives based on hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures may generally be used in amounts of from 0.01 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0 , 25 to 3 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of
  • compositions are used.
  • the above lower limits are in particular due to the fact that a significant dedusting effect is to be achieved, while the upper limits on the one hand by the processing or application properties and on the other hand by
  • composition according to the invention has the following
  • Composition are added and add up to 100 wt .-%:
  • compositions which contain the abovementioned components in each case in an amount as defined above as being preferred, more preferably and very particularly preferably, any desired combinations of the individual ranges being possible.
  • the compositions of the invention may differ with respect to the preferred composition.
  • composition of the invention may also be referred to as a construction chemical product. Depending on the specific composition, it can be used, for example, as a filler, screed or floor leveling compound.
  • composition around a self-leveling ground-stabilizing composition based on gypsum which has the following constituents, the following quantities being based in each case on the total weight of the composition and each adding up to 100% by weight:
  • a composition around a self-leveling ground-leveling composition based on cement which has the following constituents, the following quantities being based in each case on the total weight of the composition and each adding up to 100% by weight:
  • a composition comprising a gypsum-based solid putty which has the following constituents, the following quantities being based in each case on the total weight of the composition and each adding up to 100% by weight:
  • a composition comprising a cement-based, firm putty compound having the following constituents, the following quantities being based in each case on the total weight of the
  • Composition are added and each add up to 100 wt .-%:
  • composition around a cement-based screed composition comprising the following constituents, the following quantities being based in each case on the total weight of the composition and each adding up to 100% by weight:
  • Silica is and its content, based on the total amount of filler, at least 20 Wt .-%, preferably at least 30 wt .-% and particularly preferably at least 50 wt .-%.
  • Composition is usually a powdered dry mix, it must be mixed before use with water or an aqueous dispersion, wherein the ratio is selected so that a spreadable suspension is formed.
  • the viscosity can be adjusted by changing the quantitative ratio to the specific application.
  • the ready-mixed mixture is applied by means of suitable equipment, such as a spatula or trowel, on the surface to be treated and allowed to harden.
  • Both the dry mix and the ready-to-use mixture made with water or an aqueous dispersion will vary depending on the specific composition and desired
  • leveling screed or ground leveling compound.
  • Another object of the invention are therefore fillers, screed or floor leveling compositions containing a composition of the invention and water. With regard to the preferred and particularly preferred embodiments of the compositions contained, the above applies accordingly.
  • the amount of added water is preferably chosen so that the water content in the spatula, screed or floor leveling compound at 10 to 40 wt .-%, preferably at 15 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably at 20 to 30 wt. -% lies.
  • compositions according to the invention can be produced in a very simple manner conductive layers of almost any geometry that can be used as a heating layer of a flat heating element.
  • the composition is mixed with water, that is turned on, and applied the resulting, ready-mix on a surface on which the heating element is to be formed.
  • an inventive leveling, screed or ground leveling compound which already contains the composition mixed with water.
  • the result is a conductive layer, which is provided with suitable electrical contact means that allow a connection to a voltage source. If the resulting heating element is now supplied with current, the conductive layer, hereinafter also referred to as heating means, heats up and releases the resulting heat to the environment.
  • Another object of the invention is therefore a method for producing a planar
  • Heating element in particular for electrically heating a floor, wall or ceiling surface, comprising at least the steps
  • the contacting with electrical contact means can be done in different ways.
  • the heating element can be constructed according to the capacitor principle.
  • This can be, for example, a thin metal foil or electrically conductive, temperature-stable plastic film which is fastened to the surface, for example by gluing.
  • a conductive lacquer for example by spraying or painting. Suitable paints are commercially available.
  • the layer is contacted with a component via which a voltage source can be connected. In the simplest case, the component may be a simple copper wire or a copper lug.
  • the highly conductive layer is then turned on with water
  • composition of the invention and, if necessary, evenly distributed over the entire surface.
  • the mass is preferably used in such an amount that after curing, a layer having a thickness of 1 to 20 mm, preferably from 2 to 10 mm and more preferably from 3 to 5 mm results.
  • a second thin, highly conductive layer is finally applied, which in turn is contacted with a component, via which a voltage source can be connected.
  • the two components are with the two poles of
  • Voltage source connected. When the voltage source is switched on, current flows from the lower conductive layer to the upper or vice versa, penetrating the heating medium in the vertical direction.
  • Both contact means can be mounted on the top of the heating medium. However, it is also possible to place one or both contact means on the underside or in the heating medium layer.
  • the two contact means are in turn connected to the two poles of a voltage source. When power is turned on, power flows from one Contact means to the other by the heating means and in this case penetrates the heating means substantially parallel to the layer direction.
  • compositions according to Example 3 or 4 100 g of the compositions according to Example 3 or 4 were mixed with approximately 24 g or approximately 26 g of water respectively for the preparation of ready-to-use putties.
  • the masses can be used as fillers.
  • Layers made therefrom are electrically conductive after curing and heat up when exposed to current.
  • Example 5 100 g of the composition according to Example 5 were mixed with about 16 g of water to prepare a ready-to-use screed mortar. The mass can be applied to a floor. The resulting layer is electrically conductive after curing and heats up at the

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition comprenant, respectivement par rapport au poids total de la composition, - 5 à 90 % en poids d'au moins un liant inorganique, - 0,1 à 10 % en poids de suie et - 0,1 à 15 % en poids de fibres de carbone. L'invention concerne également des matières de masticage, d'égalisation de chape ou de plancher contenant cette composition, et l'utilisation de cette composition ou de matières de masticage, d'égalisation de chape ou de plancher obtenues à partir de cette composition et servant à la production d'un élément chauffant plat, notamment pour le chauffage électrique d'une surface de plancher, de mur ou de plafond.
PCT/EP2012/055622 2011-04-21 2012-03-29 Composition minérale pour la production de couches chauffantes électriques Ceased WO2012143221A1 (fr)

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DE201110007834 DE102011007834A1 (de) 2011-04-21 2011-04-21 Mineralische Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung elektrischer Heizschichten

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DE102013221968A1 (de) 2013-10-29 2015-04-30 Vitrulan Technical Textiles Gmbh Heizmittel und elektrisch leitender Heizkörper
CN105110731A (zh) * 2015-08-06 2015-12-02 济南大学 一种高温相变储能混凝土及其制备方法
CN107555917A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2018-01-09 东方雨虹民用建材有限责任公司 一种防水堵漏材料及其制备方法
EP3145892B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2019-01-02 Uzin Utz AG Formule de produit chimique de construction
CN110171949A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2019-08-27 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种杆塔接地用导电混凝土及其制备方法
US20200383194A1 (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-03 Mat Ipsum LLC Earth ground enhancing systems
EP3805181B1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2022-10-19 Sika Technology Ag Composition de matériau de construction à séchage rapide à base d'un liant hybride minéral
EP4470983A1 (fr) 2023-06-02 2024-12-04 Sika Technology AG Compositions de liant minéral électriquement conducteur

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DE102013007937B4 (de) * 2013-05-07 2016-09-01 Franken Maxit Mauermörtel Gmbh & Co Verwendung eines mineralischen, hydraulischen Bindemittel in wasserhaltigen Frischmassen, sowie in mineralischen, hydraulischen Trockenmörteln, in mineralischen Frischmörteln und Frischbetonen
EP3074362A1 (fr) * 2013-11-25 2016-10-05 Superior Graphite CO. Compositions de ciment comprenant une fraction carbonée graphitique élastique
ITUB20151080A1 (it) * 2015-05-27 2016-11-27 Barzaghi S R L Composizione elettrotermica di composti carboniosi base acquosa e metodi applicativi
JP6638001B2 (ja) * 2015-07-23 2020-01-29 クナーフ ギプス カーゲーＫｎａｕｆ Ｇｉｐｓ Ｋｇ 速乾性仕上げ剤、及び、該仕上げ剤の製造のための仕上げ剤混合物
EP3318538B1 (fr) 2016-11-02 2019-08-21 STO SE & Co. KGaA Crépi, système composite isolant et procédé de fabrication d'un système composite isolant
FR3059319B1 (fr) * 2016-11-25 2019-06-28 Vicat Compositions, intermediaires et procedes pour la fabrication de mortiers et de betons, produits obtenus et leurs utilisations
DE102017000236A1 (de) * 2017-01-14 2018-07-19 HEKA graphit technology GmbH Baustoffmischnung Eine gattungsmäßige Baustoffmischung wird zum Beispiel als Putzmasse verwendet. Insbesondere soll die Putzmasse im abgebundenem Zustand eine extrem hohe elektromagnetische Abschirmung vorranging durch Absoption aufweisen. Ziel ist es, dass die Strahlung innerhalb der Materialstärke im Schirm vernichtet wird.
DE102017208905B3 (de) * 2017-05-26 2018-05-30 kipan GmbH Leichtbauformteil mit Graphitpartikeln, Sandwichbauteile und Verfahren zur Herstellung des Leichtbauformteils
DE102017011019A1 (de) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-29 ZKS Effektiv Heizung GmbH Baustoffgemisch zur Verwendung als elektrisches Heizungswerkstoffgemisch sowie Heizkörper mit einem solchen Baustoffgemisch
DE102017128150A1 (de) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-29 Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm Bindebaustoffmischung auf Zementbasis, Bindebaustoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Bindebaustoffmischung
AU2019316496A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2021-02-18 Axis Innovation Pty Ltd Heat generating compositions
DE202019103866U1 (de) * 2019-07-12 2020-09-09 Franken Maxit Mauermörtel Gmbh & Co Trockenputzmischung für eine spritzbare Dämmung
WO2022189026A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Harold Scholz & Co. Gmbh Matériau de construction électriquement conducteur, en particulier béton, comprenant un additif électriquement conducteur à base de fibres de carbone et de graphite
WO2022189027A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Harold Scholz & Co. Gmbh Matériau de construction électroconducteur, en particulier béton, comprenant un additif à base de graphite électroconducteur
IT202400000558A1 (it) * 2024-01-15 2025-07-15 Cristian Lorenzetto Pannelli a base gesso additivato con un materiale altamente conduttivo

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DE102013221968A1 (de) 2013-10-29 2015-04-30 Vitrulan Technical Textiles Gmbh Heizmittel und elektrisch leitender Heizkörper
WO2015062879A1 (fr) 2013-10-29 2015-05-07 Vitrulan Technical Textiles Gmbh Moyen de chauffage et élément chauffant électriquement conducteur
EP3805181B1 (fr) 2014-03-31 2022-10-19 Sika Technology Ag Composition de matériau de construction à séchage rapide à base d'un liant hybride minéral
EP3805181B2 (fr) † 2014-03-31 2025-10-01 Sika Technology Ag Procede pour appliquer une composition de matériau de construction à séchage rapide à base d'un liant hybride minéral
EP3145892B1 (fr) 2015-03-09 2019-01-02 Uzin Utz AG Formule de produit chimique de construction
CN105110731A (zh) * 2015-08-06 2015-12-02 济南大学 一种高温相变储能混凝土及其制备方法
CN107555917A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2018-01-09 东方雨虹民用建材有限责任公司 一种防水堵漏材料及其制备方法
CN107555917B (zh) * 2017-08-16 2020-06-02 东方雨虹民用建材有限责任公司 一种防水堵漏材料及其制备方法
CN110171949A (zh) * 2019-05-23 2019-08-27 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种杆塔接地用导电混凝土及其制备方法
US20200383194A1 (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-03 Mat Ipsum LLC Earth ground enhancing systems
EP4470983A1 (fr) 2023-06-02 2024-12-04 Sika Technology AG Compositions de liant minéral électriquement conducteur
WO2024246088A1 (fr) 2023-06-02 2024-12-05 Sika Technology Ag Compositions de liant minéral électriquement conductrices

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