WO2012155335A1 - 一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路 - Google Patents

一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012155335A1
WO2012155335A1 PCT/CN2011/074144 CN2011074144W WO2012155335A1 WO 2012155335 A1 WO2012155335 A1 WO 2012155335A1 CN 2011074144 W CN2011074144 W CN 2011074144W WO 2012155335 A1 WO2012155335 A1 WO 2012155335A1
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Prior art keywords
motor
hall element
hall elements
mounting positions
hall
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈云生
王锐峰
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2011900000904U priority Critical patent/CN202524350U/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2011/074144 priority patent/WO2012155335A1/zh
Publication of WO2012155335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012155335A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/06—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
    • H02K29/08—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-plates, magneto-resistors

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a forward and reverse circuit of a brushless DC motor.
  • the DC brushless motor controller generally has a microprocessor MCU and an IGBT driver chip.
  • the combination of the microprocessor MCU and the IGBT driver chip has complicated peripheral circuits, resulting in an increase in cost, and is not fully utilized to the microprocessor MCU.
  • some manufacturers specialize in developing integrated chips for DC brushless motors, such as TPD4122K motor control chip developed by Toshiba Corporation, FM500K AX02 chip developed by other companies, etc. These chips have high integration, small peripheral circuits, and circuits. The structure is simple and the cost is low, so it is accepted by the majority of manufacturers.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a forward and reverse circuit of a brushless DC motor, which has a simple circuit structure, low manufacturing cost, easy implementation of the cylinder, and realizing the forward and reverse of the DC brushless motor under the condition that the rotor stator is constant.
  • the function is to provide a forward and reverse circuit of a brushless DC motor, which has a simple circuit structure, low manufacturing cost, easy implementation of the cylinder, and realizing the forward and reverse of the DC brushless motor under the condition that the rotor stator is constant.
  • a forward and reverse circuit of a DC brushless motor comprising a motor intelligent power chip, a plurality of Hall elements and a circuit board, a motor smart power chip, and a plurality of Hall elements are mounted on the circuit board, wherein:
  • the board reserves two sets of Hall element mounting positions. When several Hall elements are inserted and mounted in the first group of Hall element mounting positions, current flows from the first leg of the Hall element to the third leg, and the second leg of the Hall element.
  • the fourth foot is connected with the motor intelligent power chip, and the motor intelligent power chip controls the motor to rotate forward; when several Hall elements are inserted and installed in the second group of Hall element mounting positions, the current flows from the third leg of the Hall element to the first Foot, the second and fourth feet of the Hall element are connected to the motor smart power chip, and the motor intelligent power chip controls the motor to reverse.
  • the DC brushless motor is a 3-phase motor.
  • the first group of Hall element mounting positions described above is ahead of the normal commutation position of the motor by a mechanical angle B, and the second group of Hall element mounting positions are advanced by a mechanical angle B from the normal commutation position of the motor.
  • the first leg of the Hall element is connected to the power source Vcc through a resistor, and the third leg is connected to the ground through a resistor.
  • the first leg of the Hall element is connected to the ground through a resistor, and the third leg is connected to the power source Vcc through a resistor.
  • the utility model has the following advantages: while reducing the cost of the motor by using a dedicated integrated control chip of the DC brushless motor, by installing two sets of Hall element mounting positions on the circuit board, when several Hall elements are used Inserted and installed in the first group of Hall element mounting positions, current flows from the first leg of the Hall element to the third leg, and the second and fourth legs of the Hall element are connected to the motor intelligent power chip, and the motor intelligent power chip controls the motor.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the Hall element of the present invention installed at a mounting position of the first group of Hall elements; and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the Hall element of the present invention installed at a mounting position of the second group of Hall elements.
  • FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 a forward/reverse circuit of a DC brushless motor, including a motor smart power chip IC1, several Hall elements and circuit board 1, motor intelligent power chip IC1, if The dry Hall elements are all mounted on the circuit board 1.
  • Two sets of Hall element mounting positions are reserved on the circuit board 1. When several Hall elements are inserted and mounted in the first group of Hall element mounting positions 11, the current flows from the Hall.
  • the first leg of the component flows to the third leg, and the second and fourth legs of the Hall component are connected to the motor intelligent power chip IC1, and the motor intelligent power chip IC1 controls the motor to rotate forward; when several Hall components are inserted and installed in the second
  • the Hall element is mounted at position 12, the current flows from the third leg of the Hall element to the first leg, and the second and fourth legs of the Hall element are connected to the motor intelligent power chip IC1, and the motor intelligent power chip IC1 controls the motor reversal.
  • the DC brushless motor is a 3-phase motor
  • the first group of Hall element mounting positions 11 has three
  • the second group of Hall element mounting positions 12 also has three
  • the first The group Hall element mounting position 11 is ahead of the normal commutation position of the motor by a mechanical angle B
  • the second group of Hall element mounting positions 12 is ahead of the normal commutation position of the motor by a mechanical angle B, when several Hall elements are inserted and installed.
  • a group of Hall elements In the mounting position 11, the first leg of the Hall element is connected to the power source Vcc through the resistor R12, and the third leg is connected to the ground through the resistor R1 Q.
  • the first leg of the element is connected to the ground through a resistor R10, and the third leg is connected to the power source Vcc via a resistor R12.
  • the first group of Hall element mounting positions 11, the second group of Hall element mounting positions 12, the resistor R10, the resistor R12, the power source Vcc, the ground, and the pins of the motor smart power chip IC1 are connected by printed lines on the surface of the board 1.
  • the principle of the utility model is: By installing two sets of Hall element mounting positions on the circuit board 1, when several Hall elements H1, H2, H3 are inserted and installed in the first group of Hall element mounting positions 11, the current flows from the Hall.
  • the first leg of the components H1, H2, and H3 flows to the third leg, and the second and fourth legs of the Hall elements H1, H2, and H3 are connected to the motor smart power chip, and the motor smart power chip IC1 controls the motor to rotate forward;
  • the Hall elements H1, H2, and H3 are inserted and mounted in the second group of Hall element mounting positions 12, and the current flows from the third leg of the Hall elements H1, H2, and H3 to the first leg, and the Hall elements HI, H2, and H3.
  • the second leg and the fourth leg are connected to the motor intelligent power chip IC1, and the motor intelligent power chip IC1 controls the motor to reverse, the circuit structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the tube is easy to implement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Brushless Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路包括电机智能功率芯片（IC1)、若干个霍尔元件和线路板（1），电机智能功率芯片（IC1）和若干个霍尔元件都安装在线路板（1）上，在线路板（1）上预留两组霍尔元件安装位置，当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置（11），电流从霍尔元件的第1脚流向第3脚，霍尔元件的第2脚和第4脚与电机智能功率芯片（IC1）连接，电机智能功率芯片（IC1）控制电机正转；当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置（12），电流从霍尔元件的第3脚流向第1脚，霍尔元件的第2脚和第4脚与电机智能功率芯片（IC1）连接，电机智能功率芯片（IC1）控制电机反转。该电路结构简单，制造成本低，实施容易。

Description

一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路 技术领域 ：
本实用新型涉及一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路。
背景技术 ：
目前， 直流无刷电机控制器一般带有微处理器 MCU和 IGBT驱动芯片， 这微 处理器 MCU和 IGBT驱动芯片的组合， 外围电路复杂， 导致成本增加， 且并没有 完全利用到微处理器 MCU作用， 有鉴于此， 一些厂家专门为直流无刷电机开发 的专用集成芯片， 如东芝公司开发的 TPD4122K电机控制芯片， 其它公司开发的 FM500K AX02芯片等， 这些芯片集成度高， 外围电路小， 电路结构筒单， 成本 较低， 因此为广大厂家所接受。 但是也存在一些缺陷： 由于每个芯片的管脚都 被定义了， 管脚数量少， 一些芯片在开发时有没有考虑周全， 缺少正反转考虑， 急须要使用一种方法去解决在转子定子不变的情况下去解决正反转问题 实用新型内容 ：
本实用新型的目的是提供一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 它电路结构筒 单， 制造成本低， 实施筒易， 在转子定子不变的情况下实现直流无刷电机的正 反转的功能。
本实用新型的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 包括电机智能功率芯片、 若干个霍尔元 件和线路板， 电机智能功率芯片、 若干个霍尔元件都安装在线路板上，其特征在 于： 在线路板预留两组霍尔元件安装位置， 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一 组霍尔元件安装位置， 电流从霍尔元件的第 1脚流向第 3脚， 霍尔元件的第 2 脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片接， 电机智能功率芯片控制电机正转； 当若干 个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置， 电流从霍尔元件的第 3脚流 向第 1脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片连接， 电机智能功 率芯片控制电机反转。 上述所述若干个霍尔元件是 3个， 所述的直流无刷电机是 3相电机。
上述所述的第一组霍尔元件安装位置有 3个， 第二组霍尔元件安装位置也 有 3个。
上述所述的第一组霍尔元件安装位置比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械角 度 B, 第二组霍尔元件安装位置比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械角度 B。
上述所述当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置， 霍尔元 件的第 1脚通过电阻与电源 Vcc连接， 第 3脚通过电阻与地连接。
上述所述当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置， 霍尔元 件的第 1脚通过电阻与地连接， 第 3脚通过电阻与电源 Vcc连接。
本实用新型与现有技术相比具有如下优点： 在使用直流无刷电机的专用集 成控制芯片降低电机成本的同时， 通过在线路板预留两组霍尔元件安装位置， 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置，电流从霍尔元件的第 1 脚流向第 3脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片接， 电机智能 功率芯片控制电机正转； 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位 置， 电流从霍尔元件的第 3脚流向第 1脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机 智能功率芯片连接， 电机智能功率芯片控制电机反转， 电路结构筒单， 制造成 本低， 实施筒易， 在转子定子不变的情况下实现直流无刷电机的正反转的功能。 附图说明：
图 1是本实用新型的结构示意图；
图 2是图 1的 A-A剖视图；
图 3是本实用新型的霍尔元件安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置的电路图； 图 4是本实用新型的霍尔元件安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置的电路图。 具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述： 如图 1、 图 2、 图 3和图 4所示， 一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 包括电 机智能功率芯片 IC1、 若干个霍尔元件和线路板 1 , 电机智能功率芯片 IC1、 若 干个霍尔元件都安装在线路板 1上，在线路板 1预留两组霍尔元件安装位置， 当 若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置 11 , 电流从霍尔元件的第 1脚流向第 3脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片 IC1连接， 电 机智能功率芯片 IC1控制电机正转； 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔 元件安装位置 12 , 电流从霍尔元件的第 3脚流向第 1脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和 第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片 IC1连接， 电机智能功率芯片 IC1控制电机反转， 若干个霍尔元件是 3个， 所述的直流无刷电机是 3相电机， 第一组霍尔元件安 装位置 11有 3个， 第二组霍尔元件安装位置 12也有 3个， 第一组霍尔元件安 装位置 11比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械角度 B, 第二组霍尔元件安装位置 12比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械角度 B, 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第 一组霍尔元件安装位置 11 , 霍尔元件的第 1脚通过电阻 R12与电源 Vcc连接， 第 3脚通过电阻 R1 Q与地连接， 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件 安装位置 12 , 霍尔元件的第 1脚通过电阻 R10与地连接， 第 3脚通过电阻 R12 与电源 Vcc连接。 通过线路板 1表面的印刷的线路来连接第一组霍尔元件安装 位置 11、 第二组霍尔元件安装位置 12、 电阻 R10、 电阻 R12、 电源 Vcc、 地和电 机智能功率芯片 IC1的针脚。
本实用新型的原理是： 通过在线路板 1 预留两组霍尔元件安装位置， 当若 干个霍尔元件 Hl、 H2、 H3插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置 11 , 电流从霍尔 元件 Hl、 H2、 H3的第 1脚流向第 3脚， 霍尔元件 Hl、 H2、 H3的第 2脚和第 4 脚与电机智能功率芯片接， 电机智能功率芯片 IC1 控制电机正转； 当若干个霍 尔元件 Hl、 H2、 H3 插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置 12 , 电流从霍尔元件 Hl、 H2、 H3的第 3脚流向第 1脚， 霍尔元件 HI、 H2、 H3的第 2脚和第 4脚与电 机智能功率芯片 IC1连接， 电机智能功率芯片 IC1控制电机反转， 电路结构筒 单， 制造成本低， 实施筒易。
上述实施例为本实用新型的较佳实施方式， 但本实用新型的实施方式不限 于此， 其他任何未背离本实用新型的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、 修饰、 替 代、 组合、 筒化， 均为等效的置换方式， 都包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 包括电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 )、 若干 个霍尔元件和线路板（1 ), 电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 )、 若干个霍尔元件都安装 在线路板（ 1 )上，其特征在于： 在线路板 ( 1 )预留两组霍尔元件安装位置， 当 若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置（11 ), 电流从霍尔元件的 第 1脚流向第 3脚， 霍尔元件的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 )连 接， 电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 )控制电机正转； 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第 二组霍尔元件安装位置（12 ), 电流从霍尔元件的第 3脚流向第 1脚， 霍尔元件 的第 2脚和第 4脚与电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 )连接， 电机智能功率芯片 （IC1 ) 控制电机反转。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 其特征在于： 若干个霍尔元件是 3个， 所述的直流无刷电机是 3相电机。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 其特征在于： 第一组霍尔元件安装位置（ 11 )有 3个， 第二组霍尔元件安装位置（ 12 )也有 3 个。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 其 特征在于： 第一组霍尔元件安装位置 （11 ) 比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械 角度 B, 第二组霍尔元件安装位置（12 )比电机正常换向位置超前一个机械角度
B。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 其特 征在于： 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第一组霍尔元件安装位置（11 ), 霍尔元 件的第 1脚通过电阻（ R12 ) 与电源 Vcc连接， 第 3脚通过电阻（ R10 ) 与地连 接。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路， 其特征 在于： 当若干个霍尔元件插入安装在第二组霍尔元件安装位置（12 ), 霍尔元件 的第 1脚通过电阻（R10 )与地连接， 第 3脚通过电阻（R12 )与电源 Vcc连接。
PCT/CN2011/074144 2011-05-17 2011-05-17 一种直流无刷电机的正反转电路 Ceased WO2012155335A1 (zh)

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CN103486637B (zh) * 2013-09-16 2015-09-09 浙江苏泊尔家电制造有限公司 吸油烟机自动清洗方法

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CN201113875Y (zh) * 2007-07-27 2008-09-10 欣瑞连科技(深圳)有限公司 一种直流无刷风扇双向控制电路

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