WO2012167759A1 - Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012167759A1
WO2012167759A1 PCT/CZ2011/000063 CZ2011000063W WO2012167759A1 WO 2012167759 A1 WO2012167759 A1 WO 2012167759A1 CZ 2011000063 W CZ2011000063 W CZ 2011000063W WO 2012167759 A1 WO2012167759 A1 WO 2012167759A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lenses
optical
solar energy
lamellas
reinforcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CZ2011/000063
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English (en)
Inventor
Jan Sehnoutek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/CZ2011/000063 priority Critical patent/WO2012167759A1/fr
Publication of WO2012167759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012167759A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for utilisation of solar energy, especially for its conversion into heat or electric energy, comprising an absorber of solar energy and before it arranged optical means for concentration of solar energy, which comprises a system of side by side arranged optical converging lenses.
  • Patent CZ 250255 B1 discloses a solar concentration device comprising a quantity of systems of one after another in concentric manner positioned converging lenses whose curve radius and diameter are reducing in direction of incident solar radiation.
  • the lenses are mutually controllably rotating and shifting, whereas the systems are controllably moving also towards the frame and in it positioned absorber. Complication and from it resulting unreliability is not obviously balanced with the profit arising from increasing of the device efficiency.
  • CZ 250882 B1 utilises a large-surface linear raster lens, whose entry surface is a planar one and the exit surface is provided with a raster of the Fresnel type.
  • Geometric arrangement of raster elements requires a high accuracy to shape and an optimum fixed directing of the whole device towards the north-south direction.
  • Solar jalousie window according to the utility design CZ 2924 U and according to the patent CZ 284185 B6 consists of fixed positioned raster lenses and of an inner moving frame, in which there are installed a tube absorbers laying in foci of the lenses. By change in position of the frame the tubular absorbers move outside the foci of the lenses and the main portion of incident solar energy shifts into the space behind the absorber, thus it serves also to a direct heating of this space.
  • a common disadvantage of the two last solutions is a complicated space arrangement securing an exact position of optical system with respect to the absorber.
  • the solar panel according to CZ 19748 U1 comprises a body made of thermal insulating material, in the body there are inserted the transmission bodies with stepped shank of highly heat conductive material.
  • the shanks of transmission bodies are directed to a carrier of optical system formed of a system of convex optical lenses.
  • the foci of lenses are to be found in area of the shanks. Relatively small entry surfaces of shanks of transmission bodies are demanding as to exact positioning, directing and fixing of optical lenses.
  • Transparent plate for solar collector is made of glass or plastic. Surface of the plate directed to the sun is provided with one or more lenticular massive bodies preferably in the shape of hemisphere. The lower planar surface of the plate abuts without a gap to the collector heat exchanger.
  • DE 29518303 U1 describes arrangement of a system for directing of the optical lenses from a section of a different focal distance in combination with mirrors positioned in different distances from the central absorber.
  • Entry surface of collector is composed of individual regular modular hexagons, out of which each comprises several lenses.
  • DE 102007035384 A1 proposes also similar solution comprising system of lenses, thermal absorption system and thermal reservoir with accessories.
  • System of lenses is arranged in a fixed manner in a wall of a box, and further parts of the device are arranged in vacuum inside the thermally insulating box.
  • Focal distances of lenses are chosen so that all foci are laying in the area of graphite insertion absorbing the radiation in this thermal absorption system.
  • the goal of this invention is to remedy disadvantages of the background art and to create means concentrating the solar energy, which can be temporary or permanently positioned, as the need may be, for example into a vicinity of glass walls of dwelling spaces and/or before the entry surfaces of solar collectors.
  • the purpose is to activate and de-activate this means in a simple and comfortable manner according to actual level of solar radiation and/or according to actual utilisation of the space with which this means is neighbouring functionally.
  • the goal of the invention has been achieved through the device for utilisation of solar energy, whose principle consists in that the optical means for concentration of solar energy is arranged reversibly adjustably between the position in front of absorber of solar energy and outside absorber of solar energy, whereas the optical means for concentration of solar energy is in the advantage embodiment formed of system of lamellas, in which there are mounted the optical converging lenses, or of a surface bending-deformable carrying means, on which or in which there are mounted the optical converging lenses in systems arranged in transverse rows..
  • Such device is able by means of optical converging lenses to concentrate the solar energy into places of lenses' foci, it is structurally simple, cheap and it could be easily relocated.
  • the surface bending-deformable carrying means is usually manipulated as a whole and the lenses are at this embodiment positioned on a large surface.
  • Lamellas may be formed of a solid transparent material or are formed of a frame in which the lenses are mounted by their edges. Lamellas may also comprise a frame, in which the lenses are mounted by means of at least one auxiliary carrying means. In another possible embodiment the lamellas are formed of a textile or a foil and are at least by their upper end mounted in a travel track.
  • the lamellas are coupled with means for their turning towards the radiation source.
  • the lamellas are mutually rotatably connected on their longitudinal edges or on their ends, and due to this they can be adjusted towards the radiation source and gathered at least to one edge of the system of lamellas.
  • Lamellas in which the optical lenses are positioned represent one of possible embodiments of optical means for concentration of solar energy. Their advantage is that they can be easily handled and stored, while their disadvantage is relative complication arrangement of lamellas into a system, and in some embodiments also complication in controlling such system of lamellas. On the contrary, they enable turning of lamellas according to angle of incident radiation.
  • the lenses may be connected by their edges with the surface bending- deformable carrying means. At this embodiment it is not necessary that the surface bending-deformable carrying means is transparent, because the light may pass at least through the lenses.
  • Transparency of the surface bending-deformable formation is necessary in embodiments of invention, when the optical converging lenses are with the surface bending-defermable carrying means connected by their optical surface or are mounted between two transparent foils, while the last embodiment can be easily produced for example by simple welding a couple of foils in a space between the lenses.
  • the surface bending-deformable carrying means can be wound.
  • Such carrying means can easily be wound on a rotating cylindrical carrier or it can be moved to the ceiling, under the floor of the room or to side walls, whereas the surface bending-deformable carrying means bends by approximately 90 ° and copies the shape of the room.
  • the system of optical converging lenses comprises the lenses of at least two different focal distances.
  • the optical converging lenses may be made of glass or plastic.
  • reinforcing means in gaps between the optical converging lenses in direction of width or length of the surface bending-deformable carrying means , whereas the reinforcing means may be formed of reinforcing slats.
  • the reinforcing slats are flexible.
  • FIG. 1a, 1b show an optical means formed of the surface bending-deformable carrying means with identical lenses in various arrangements
  • Fig. 2 a view to optical means with the surface bending- deformable carrying means with lenses of various diameter and various focal distances and with transverse reinforcing slats
  • Fig. 3 cross-section A-A of the embodiment according to Fig. 1b with one transparent surface bending- deformable carrying means
  • Fig. 4 cross-section A-A of the embodiment according to Fig. 1b with two transparent surface bending-deformable carrying means
  • Fig. 5 cross-section B-B of embodiment according to Fig. 2 comprising reinforcing slats
  • Fig. 1a, 1b show an optical means formed of the surface bending-deformable carrying means with identical lenses in various arrangements
  • Fig. 2 a view to optical means with the surface bending- deformable carrying means with lenses of various diameter and various focal distances and with transverse reinforcing slats
  • FIG. 6 cross-section of embodiment with reinforcing slats with profile of necessarilyX" shape
  • Fig. 7 detail of mutual arrangement of lenses and the reinforcing slat with profile of necessarilyX" shape from Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 8a vertical arrangement of device in the form of vertical lamellas in working position
  • Fig. 8b vertical arrangement of device according to Fig. 8a in standby shifted off and folded position
  • the Fig. 8c embodiment of lamella comprising a frame, in which the lenses are mounted
  • Fig. 8d embodiment of lamella comprising a frame, in which the lenses are mounted by means of auxiliary carrying means
  • Fig. 9 examples of application of device in embodiment according to Fig. 1b in dwelling space
  • Fig. 10 shows a cross-section C-C from Fig. 9.
  • the optical means OM for concentration of solar energy is arranged reversibly adjustably between the position in front of the absorber A of solar energy, i.e. so called working position, and the position outside the absorber A of solar energy, in i.e. so called standby position, in which it is wound or shifted off outside an entry surface of the absorber A, as it is represented in Fig. 9.
  • Optical means OM for concentration of solar energy may be installed between the source of solar radiation, this is the Sun, and the absorber A of solar radiation. It is apparent that the absorber A may be formed of a liquid exchanger of heating or of the entry surface of photovoltaic cells. The absorber may also be formed of inner space of a room, as it is represented in Fig. 9, where behind one window there is installed the absorber A formed of liquid exchanger or photovoltaic cell and further three windows are provided with optical means OM.
  • the optical means OM is mounted between the window W and the absorber A of solar energy.
  • the active surface of the absorber A lies in focal distance f of lenses 1 of the optical means OM or close to this value.
  • the foci F of individual lenses 1 of optical means OM in case of usage of the lenses ⁇ with the same focal distance lie on active surface of the absorber A and utilisation of solar energy is maximum.
  • Optical means OM for concentration of solar energy may be formed of system of lamellas 2, in which there are positioned optical converging lenses or the surface bending-deformable carrying means 3, on which or in which the optical converging lenses 1 are mounted.
  • Fig. 8a System of lamellas 2 with optical converging lenses is represented in Fig. 8a in unwound status, which corresponds to the working position, and in Fig. 8b in wound up status, which corresponds to the standby position.
  • the lamellas 2 may be formed of a solid non-transparent or transparent material, for example of a plastic plate, and the lenses ⁇ are mounted in lamellas 2 by their circumference in some of the known methods.
  • the lamellas 2 are mutually rotatably connected on their longitudinal edges by means of some of the known methods and on their ends are provided with conductors 20 for mounting into a known not represented guidance, similarly like the folding door, so that they can be folded outside the absorber into the standby position represented in the Fig.
  • Another system of mutual connection of lamellas 2 is the jalousie-like, when there are mutually connected at least the edges of upper ends of neighbouring lamellas 2, which enables their turning with respect to the source of radiation as well as their shifting into the standby position.
  • Lamellas 2 may also be formed of the frame 21 , as it is represented in Fig. 8c and 8d.
  • the lenses 1 are mounted in the frame 21_ by their edges and in places of contact are by these edges also mutually connected.
  • the lenses ⁇ are connected with the frame 21 and mutually by means of auxiliary carrying means 22.
  • these auxiliary carrying means 22 are formed of a foil or textile fixed in the frame 21 , with which the lenses ⁇ axe connected by their edges, or by one or both optical surfaces.
  • the auxiliary carrying means 22 is formed of two transparent plastic foils, which are at least in gaps between the lenses ⁇ mutually connected, whereas they may be mutually connected also on their edges.
  • the lamellas 2 are formed of at least one transparent plastic foil 23, in which and/or on which the lenses 1 are mounted. Such lamella 2 is at least on its upper end provided with conductor 20 for mounting on a known not represented travel track.
  • the lamellas 2 are formed of two transparent plastic foils 23, which are on their edges and in gaps between the lenses mutually connected,. The above described jalousie-like system is an optimal one to control the system of lamellas 2 according to Fig. 8e.
  • Fig. 1 to 7 represent embodiment of the optical means OM for concentration of solar energy formed of the surface bending-deformable carrying means 3, on which or in which the lenses 1 are mounted.
  • the surface bending-deformable carrying means 3 is formed of one transparent plastic foil 31 , for example made of PVC, PET or PP material, on which are by its one optical surface fixed the optical converging lenses ⁇ _. Between individual rows of optical converging lenses 1 arranged crosswise with respect to the carrying means 3 there are gaps enabling folding of optical means OM.
  • Optical converging lenses ⁇ are produced by any known method from glass or plastic and in case of need they may be also hollow and filled with liquid.
  • the lenses ⁇ are arranged in rows in transverse direction of the carrying means 3, whereas the neighbouring rows are offset by a half of pitch between the lenses ⁇ .
  • This embodiment reduces the distance between the rows of lenses 1, which results in worse ability of the whole optical means OM to fold .
  • the lenses 1 are arranged in transverse rows and longitudinal columns. Distances between the transverse rows of lenses 1_ are greater than in previous embodiment and the optical means OM is better foldable.
  • the surface bending-deformable carrying means 3 is formed of two transparent plastic foils 31 , 32, between which the lenses ⁇ are mounted, whereas the foils 31 , 32 are at least in gaps between the transverse rows of lenses mutually connected. More stabile position of lenses ⁇ in optical means OM is achieved by mutual connecting of foils 31 , 32 also between the lenses in transverse rows.
  • Fig. 2 and 5 represent further exemplary embodiment of optical means
  • OM whose surface bending-deformable carrying means_3 is formed of two transparent plastic foils 31 , 32. Between the foils 31 , 32 there are mounted three various sizes of optical converging lenses 1, which differ by their diameter as well as focal distance. The foils 31 , 32 are connected in the gaps between the lenses 1, for example by bonding or heat seal. Moreover in the continuous transverse gaps between the rows of configurations of optical converging lenses ⁇ are in the same manner are fixed the reinforcing means 33, which prevent undesired lateral deformation of the carrying means 3 upon its winding on a cylindrical or other suitable carrier and upon its unfolding. Diameter and focal distance of the used optical converging lenses ⁇ is selected according to the purpose and technological parameters of the space where they are to be used. There may be used one size of lenses i with the same focal distance or one size of lenses with various focal distance, or various size of lenses 1 with identical or various focal distances. Number of types of lenses in one optical means OM is not restricted in any way.
  • the optical converging lenses are arranged in the same manner as in Fig. 1 and 2, but they are at their peripheral sections mutually connected by means of known connecting means, or they are by their edges connected with the carrying means and so they create the surface bending-deformable carrying means.
  • the carrying means may be a non-transparent one.
  • the reinforcing means 33 may also be of other cross-section, for example an oval, rectangular or triangular.
  • the carrying means 3 is formed of two foils 3_ , 32 and it comprises reinforcing means 33 formed of reinforcing slats 330 with profile in adjectiveX" shape.
  • reinforcing means 33 formed of reinforcing slats 330 with profile in adjectiveX" shape. This is advantageous from the point of view of securing a permanent space between optical converging lenses 1 of identical diameter in each transverse row.
  • the lenses 1_ are in contact with bottoms of supporting grooves of reinforcing slats 330.
  • Angle of possible mutual swinging of lenses 1 and the reinforcing slats 330 is given by the angle 331 of opening of supporting grooves of the reinforcing slat 330 and the angle 11., which form the tangential planes to the convex surfaces of optical converging lens in place of circumference of this lens 1, as represented in detail in Fig. 7.
  • the angle 331 of opening of supporting grooves of reinforcing slat 330 equals to 75° and angle 11 , which form the tangential planes to convex surfaces of the optical converging lens ⁇ in place of circumference of this lens ⁇ equals to 30°.
  • the arms creating a supporting groove of the reinforcing slat 330 may be flexible.
  • Embodiment according to Fig. 6 and 7 is advantageous for usage in places, where the carrying means 5 is not wound on a carrier, but the carrying means 3 with lenses 1 is only shifted off outside the working position similarly like e.g. at lamella garage doors.
  • Optical converging lenses 1 may be produced of glass or plastic, while simultaneously they may be filled or hollow, possibly hollow being filled with liquid, in advantage with oil. Individual lenses or a group of lenses, in a case of need, may be exchanged or replaced by others.
  • Optical means OM of the device for production of solar energy according to the invention at the time when it is not used, is folded or shifted off into the non working standby position outside the window or outside the entry surface of the absorber A of solar energy, for example of solar heat or photovoltaic collector.
  • the optical means OM overlays the surface of absorber A , whereas in this position concentrates the sun beams into foci F of optical converging lenses ⁇ .
  • the foci F are situated either in inner space of the room to be heated or in the place of active surface of the absorber A of solar energy.
  • Difference of focal distances of various lenses contributes to improvement in efficiency of energetic conversion by means of the described device comprising the proposed optical means, which substantially reduces losses caused by change in direction of sun beams incident on surface of the optical means due to motion of the Sun on the sky.
  • the structure of optical means is relatively cheap, when not in service it is storable and it enables less expensive mass production, storage, transport, as well as installation of the final device. Through this it is also suitable for already existing facilities and their sections.
  • the device according to this invention may be used for utilisation of solar energy on already existing or new buildings or objects, both designed for dwelling, industrial purposes, production of energy, heating of water, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire, en particulier pour sa conversion en chaleur ou en énergie électrique, comprenant un absorbeur (A) d'énergie solaire et, disposé en face de lui, un moyen optique (OM) pour concentrer l'énergie solaire, qui comprend un système de lentilles convergentes optiques (1) disposées côte à côte, tandis que le moyen optique (OM) pour concentrer l'énergie solaire est disposé de façon réglable et amovible entre la position en face de l'absorbeur (A) d'énergie solaire et celle à l'extérieur de l'absorbeur (A) d'énergie solaire.
PCT/CZ2011/000063 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire Ceased WO2012167759A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CZ2011/000063 WO2012167759A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CZ2011/000063 WO2012167759A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012167759A1 true WO2012167759A1 (fr) 2012-12-13

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PCT/CZ2011/000063 Ceased WO2012167759A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Dispositif pour utiliser l'énergie solaire

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10665741B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2020-05-26 Total Shade Inc. Window insulating and power generation system

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56162353A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-14 Tokyo Standard Service:Kk Water heater utilizing solar heat
JPS58211702A (ja) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-09 Takashi Mori 太陽光集光器
JPS58214101A (ja) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-13 Sanyo Haujingu:Kk レンズ板とレンズ板を用いた熱媒体加温方法
FR2530002A1 (fr) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-13 Havet Roger Dispositif de surface de captation solaire avec foyers multiples d'acceleration thermique integres
US4763641A (en) * 1986-05-29 1988-08-16 Smith William F Solar energy absorber
FR2880371A1 (fr) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-07 Jacques Lambey Velum photogenerateur
WO2006072819A1 (fr) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-13 Jacques Lambey Store ou velum photo-generateur
WO2010012832A2 (fr) * 2008-08-01 2010-02-04 Solarstructure Limited Store actif et capteur de lumière
CH700267A1 (de) * 2009-01-20 2010-07-30 Gordon Bitter Solarkollektor und Vorrichtung zum Speichern von Wärme.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56162353A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-14 Tokyo Standard Service:Kk Water heater utilizing solar heat
JPS58211702A (ja) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-09 Takashi Mori 太陽光集光器
JPS58214101A (ja) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-13 Sanyo Haujingu:Kk レンズ板とレンズ板を用いた熱媒体加温方法
FR2530002A1 (fr) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-13 Havet Roger Dispositif de surface de captation solaire avec foyers multiples d'acceleration thermique integres
US4763641A (en) * 1986-05-29 1988-08-16 Smith William F Solar energy absorber
FR2880371A1 (fr) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-07 Jacques Lambey Velum photogenerateur
WO2006072819A1 (fr) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-13 Jacques Lambey Store ou velum photo-generateur
WO2010012832A2 (fr) * 2008-08-01 2010-02-04 Solarstructure Limited Store actif et capteur de lumière
CH700267A1 (de) * 2009-01-20 2010-07-30 Gordon Bitter Solarkollektor und Vorrichtung zum Speichern von Wärme.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10665741B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2020-05-26 Total Shade Inc. Window insulating and power generation system

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