WO2012172559A2 - Filtre servant à l'élimination d'arsenic au moyen de poudre de fer et de cendre de balle de riz revêtue d'hydroxyde ferrique - Google Patents

Filtre servant à l'élimination d'arsenic au moyen de poudre de fer et de cendre de balle de riz revêtue d'hydroxyde ferrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012172559A2
WO2012172559A2 PCT/IN2012/000096 IN2012000096W WO2012172559A2 WO 2012172559 A2 WO2012172559 A2 WO 2012172559A2 IN 2012000096 W IN2012000096 W IN 2012000096W WO 2012172559 A2 WO2012172559 A2 WO 2012172559A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
iron
arsenic
filter chamber
rha
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IN2012/000096
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2012172559A3 (fr
Inventor
Viviek GANVIR
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd
Original Assignee
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tata Consultancy Services Ltd filed Critical Tata Consultancy Services Ltd
Publication of WO2012172559A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012172559A2/fr
Publication of WO2012172559A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012172559A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of filtration of drinking water. Particularly, the invention relates to a cost effective method and apparatus for removal of Arsenic and iron based contaminants from water.
  • the present invention is an improvement in or a modification of the invention described and claimed in an earlier Indian Patent No. 206230 filed on 19 th December 2003, all the disclosures made therein are incorporated as reference in the present invention.
  • Arsenic is a nonmetallic element and is fatal to human health.
  • Use of deeper tube wells for water supply exposes people to high concentration of Arsenic, present in deeper levels of groundwater.
  • Arsenic poisoning of drinking water Lack of affordable and efficient Arsenic filtration apparatuses lead to consumption of Arsenic above tolerance levels resulting in chronic Arsenic poisoning.
  • the chronic Arsenic poisoning leads to diseases like cancer of the skin, lungs, urinary blades, and kidney as well as other skin changes such as pigmentation, thickening and cardiovascular disease.
  • Kanchan Arsenic filter enables Arsenic from drinking water and also enables microbiological removal of treatment.
  • the first kalshi has iron chips and coarse sand
  • the second kalshi has wood charcoal and fine sand
  • the third kalshi serves as collector for producing Arsenic free water.
  • ground water with Arsenic contamination also contains iron.
  • the iron particles present in Arsenic contaminated water due to inertia clog the filtration bed, resulting in degeneration of the bed which ultimately leads to reduced adsorption capacity of the filtration bed.
  • the reduced adsorption capacity of the filtration bed results in reduced adsorption of Arsenic therein.
  • the Kanchan and 3 kalshi filter contains at least 5-6 kg and 3 kg of iron nails, respectively.
  • sand & gravel 5-6 kg
  • the apparatus becomes even heavier.
  • 3 Kalshi earthen pots
  • filter is made up of three pots kept on over another.
  • the Arsenic removal efficiency is low (50-70%) and the filter gets clogged due to presence of iron fiocs in the water.
  • the filtration rate is low and contact time is approximately 10-12 hrs in order to get 80% Arsenic removal.
  • the primary objective of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for removal of Arsenic and iron contamination from drinking water, with simultaneous reduction in pH of the water.
  • Another significant objective of the invention is to provide an apparatus and method adapted in a manner that prevents clogging and sludge deposition in the apparatus.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide an apparatus and method that is capable of removing Arsenic in Higher Concentration in less time from the contaminated water.
  • the present invention provides a combine filtration apparatus for tackling the clogging issue with highly porous bed of iron powder used as pre-filter which in turns removes 30-40% of Arsenic, and another stage of filtration for removal of arsenic using ferric hydroxide coated rice husk ash.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an apparatus for removal of arsenic and iron contamination from the water according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates inner portion of the apparatus according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a method for removal of arsenic and iron contamination from the water according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates graphical comparison of the arsenic removal quantum according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrate arsenic concentration to output water versus input water using iron powder and RHA bed.
  • Figure 6 illustrate arsenic removal form spiked ground water by ferric hydroxide coated RHA.
  • Figure 7 illustrate arsenic removal using iron powder b * ed and ferric hydroxide coated RHA
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus for removal of arsenic and iron contamination from the water according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • An apparatus 100 comprises a pre-filter chamber 103 and a main filter chamber 104.
  • the said pre-filter chamber 103 comprises a metallic iron bed in combination with untreated rice husk ash (RHA) 102 as shown in figure 2 for continuously removing iron floe causing pH balancing of water fed into the pre-filter chamber 103 with enhanced arsenic adsorbability of the RHA and removal of arsenic.
  • RHA rice husk ash
  • the said metallic iron bed is selected from the group of iron powder, nail, iron wire and iron fillings scarp.
  • the pre filter chamber removes 90-95% iron from spiked ground water.
  • the said main filter chamber 104 comprises a ferric hydroxide coated rice husk ash (RHA) 105 as shown in figure 2 adapted to receive pre-filtered water 120(a) and removing arsenic therefrom.
  • the said ferric hydroxide is prepared by reacting at least one ferrous salt and at least one strong alkali like sodium hydroxide/ calcium hydroxide for coating on the rice husk ash substrate.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a method for removal of arsenic and iron contamination from the water according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the arsenic contaminated water 120 enters in the pre- filter chamber 103.
  • the metallic iron bed in combination with untreated rice husk ash (RHA) 102 is disposed in the prefilter-chamber and removes part of arsenic by adsorption in addition with iron impurities present in the water 120.
  • the prefilter chamber will provide pre-filter water 120(a) as end results of its process.
  • the removal of iron floes in the prefilter stage causes creation of adsorption conducive water, wherein removal of iron contamination in water results in balanced pH (neutral) of water providing continuously improved adsorption capacity of ferric hydroxide coated RHA in the filtration stage. Highest adsorption capacity of ferric hydroxide coated RHA was observed for the pH range of 5.0 to 5.5.
  • the said pH value of the pre-filtered water 120(a) is usually in range of 6.0 to 8.5 and preferably in the range of 6.0 to 8.5 that causes hiked adsorption capacity of the untreated RHA in pre- filter stage and ferric hydroxide coated RHA in the mail stage.
  • the said metallic iron is loosely packed along with untreated RHA 102 causing ample space creation for clogging prevention and enhanced contact surface area with the water allowing reduced contact time.
  • the reduced contact time resulting in increased flow rates in the range of 10 Liter to 15 Liter per hour, wherein the Iron bed increases the overall adsorption capacity of the filter not the efficiency.
  • the efficiencies of RHA+Iron bed vs. RHA alone are almost same.
  • the arsenic adsorption capacity ranges from 1.1-1.2 mg/g of adsorbent.
  • the main filter chamber 104 removes remaining arsenic from the pre-filtered water 120(a) via the ferric hydroxide coated rice husk ash (RHA) 105 which increases the overall adsorption capacity of the apparatus 100.
  • RHA ferric hydroxide coated rice husk ash
  • the combined filtration capacity of both the stages is in the range of 3000L of 300 ppb arsenic spiked ground water. This is based on the capacity of the iron+ coated RHA bed.
  • Arsenic in input water was 300 ppb reduced to 10 ppb. The net reduction is 290 ppb per liter of water.
  • the combined weight of the raw material therein is in the range of 1800gm to 8000gm wherein the iron bed ranges from 600-700 g of iron bed and coated RHA ranges from 1 100-1200g.
  • a metallic iron bed in combination with untreated rice husk ash (RHA) 102 removes the remaining arsenic was removed (99.67%) from ground water to below 10 ppb.
  • the pre-filter chamber 103 removes arsenic (-30-50%) and iron (99%). In iron coated RHA* bed 102 the remaining arsenic was removed (95.0-99.67%) from ground water to below 10 ppb.
  • the two stage filter makes its economically viable and practical arsenic removing filter/apparatus.
  • the apparatus 100 uses 600 g of metallic iron with lOOg of raw rice husk ash (RHA) for pre filter and 1 100 g of coated rice husk ash (RHA), to make it light weight, compact, economical, etc. to treat 3000L of 300 ppb arsenic spiked ground water to below 10 ppb.
  • the input to filter is arsenic spiked ground water in the range of 300-2000 ppb.
  • the water passes'd through the both filter beds (shown in Figure 3) 3)
  • the filtered bed reduced arsenic in filtered water to less than 10 ppb.
  • the arsenic removal efficiency of the combine filters is found to be 90-96%.
  • the out put water has arsenic concentration below 10 ppb for 40L of input water passed.
  • the results are given in Fig 5.
  • Filter beds were prepared using iron power .and coated RHA. In first column about 150 g of iron powder/ scrap/ wire and 50g of RHA was used to make column of 15 cm height. The second column was made up 600 g of ferric hydroxide coated RHA was used to make column of 30 cm height. A 300 ppb of arsenic spiked ground water is passed through iron powder bed and ferric hydroxide coated RHA at the flow rate of 5 to 6 L per hour as shown in Fig 3. The out put water was collected and analyze for arsenic at every 100 L of water passed. The arsenic spiked water continued to pass through the iron bed till the out put arsenic concentration reaches more than 50 ppb.
  • the pH of input ground water was in the range of 7.8 -8.8 which comes down to 7- 7.5 range for the out put water.
  • Around 1500L of 300 ppb of arsenic spiked tap water was treated using combination of iron bed and coated rice husk ash bed to below 10 ppb of arsenic content.
  • the present apparatus avoids clogging due to lose packing of a metallic iron bed in combination with untreated rice husk ash (RHA);
  • the present apparatus reduces the contact time and increases flow rates to 10-12 L/hr;
  • the present apparatus reduces 99.67% arsenic from the contaminated water resulting in Arsenic concentration below lOppb which is within safety limit of human consumption ;
  • the present apparatus provides pre-filter which removes iron floes and maintained pH to 6.5-7.5 range;
  • the present apparatus is independent of input arsenic levels and can treat -5000 ppb of Arsenic levels.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil et un procédé pour éliminer le fer et l'arsenic qui contaminant de l'eau potable. Ledit appareil comprend un double étage filtrant, à savoir un étage de préfiltration et un élément de filtration principale, le préfiltre éliminant les flocons de fer et le pH étant maintenu dans une plage de 6,0-8,5. Ce pH contribue à améliorer la capacité d'adsorption de la cendre de balle de riz revêtue d'hydroxyde ferrique. Ledit appareil supprime également l'encrassement du filtre provoqué par les particules de fer, par l'intermédiaire d'un étage de préfiltration.
PCT/IN2012/000096 2011-06-15 2012-02-13 Filtre servant à l'élimination d'arsenic au moyen de poudre de fer et de cendre de balle de riz revêtue d'hydroxyde ferrique Ceased WO2012172559A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1747MU2011 2011-06-15
IN1747/MUM/2011 2011-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012172559A2 true WO2012172559A2 (fr) 2012-12-20
WO2012172559A3 WO2012172559A3 (fr) 2013-04-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IN2012/000096 Ceased WO2012172559A2 (fr) 2011-06-15 2012-02-13 Filtre servant à l'élimination d'arsenic au moyen de poudre de fer et de cendre de balle de riz revêtue d'hydroxyde ferrique

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2012172559A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149953A (en) * 1977-05-31 1979-04-17 R. H. Bouligny, Inc. Apparatus for removing impurities from waste water
CA1321664C (fr) * 1988-05-04 1993-08-24 Stan Houser Appareil servant a eliminer le fer contenu dans de l'eau de puits, et methode connexe
US6200482B1 (en) * 1997-08-12 2001-03-13 Adi International Inc. Arsenic filtering media
FR2839507B1 (fr) * 2002-05-07 2004-07-23 Omnium Traitement Valorisa Procede de traitement des eaux contenant du fer, du manganese et de l'arsenic
US7892436B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2011-02-22 The Regents Of The University Of California Compositions and methods for removing arsenic in water
WO2010150273A1 (fr) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-29 Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de purification d'eau contaminée par l'arsenic

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WO2012172559A3 (fr) 2013-04-04

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