WO2012174939A1 - Four de pyrolyse et de gazéification de déchets - Google Patents

Four de pyrolyse et de gazéification de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012174939A1
WO2012174939A1 PCT/CN2012/074529 CN2012074529W WO2012174939A1 WO 2012174939 A1 WO2012174939 A1 WO 2012174939A1 CN 2012074529 W CN2012074529 W CN 2012074529W WO 2012174939 A1 WO2012174939 A1 WO 2012174939A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
main combustion
pyrolysis gasification
gasification furnace
secondary combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074529
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭光玉
甘焱生
唐才福
陈正元
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
YICHANG JIUTIAN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Original Assignee
YICHANG JIUTIAN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by YICHANG JIUTIAN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd filed Critical YICHANG JIUTIAN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Publication of WO2012174939A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012174939A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/40—Stationary bed furnace
    • F23G2203/401—Stationary bed furnace with support for a grate or perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/40—Stationary bed furnace
    • F23G2203/403—Stationary bed furnace with substantial cylindrical combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of waste incineration, in particular to a waste pyrolysis gasification furnace for harmless disposal of garbage. Background technique
  • the existing garbage incinerator is used for waste incineration and harmless treatment.
  • the vertical garbage incinerator has strong adaptability to materials, and it has a convenient operation and low operating cost. It is suitable for garbage incineration in small and medium-sized cities and towns in China. Treated furnace type.
  • the main combustion chamber of the vertical waste incinerator has a cylindrical shape. When the amount of waste disposal is relatively large, if the daily treatment capacity is 400 tons, the diameter of the main combustion chamber needs to be increased to increase the treatment capacity. As the diameter of the main combustion chamber increases, the fresh air introduced into the air inlet on the main combustion chamber is difficult to reach the center of the main combustion chamber, so that the material cannot be fully burned in the main combustion chamber, and harmful substances are caused. Remaining, so that the purpose of harmless treatment cannot be achieved, and coking phenomenon is liable to occur, and thus the operation of the incinerator is interrupted.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that various problems caused by the necessity of increasing the diameter of the main combustion chamber of the waste pyrolysis gasification furnace are required when the amount of waste disposal is large.
  • a garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention comprises a main combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler connected to the main combustion furnace, wherein the main combustion furnace comprises a main combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, characterized in that A combustion chamber is formed around the secondary combustion chamber, an outer furnace body surrounds the main combustion chamber, and a hopper for feeding has one or more distributors, the outlet of the distributor being aligned with the main combustion chamber.
  • the invention provides a garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace, wherein the annular space between the outer furnace body and the secondary combustion chamber is used as a main combustion chamber by placing the secondary combustion chamber in the center of the outer furnace body, and the structure is
  • the required air supply distance of the main combustion chamber of the present invention is only the difference between the main combustion chamber diameter and the outer diameter of the secondary combustion chamber, and the air supply distance is reduced, and the air supply is ensured.
  • the effect is that the material can be fully burned.
  • the radial space of the worker is reduced during the operation of the main combustion chamber, the difficulty of manual intervention is reduced, and manpower and material resources are saved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main combustion furnace of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tapered slag discharge roller according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3; detailed description
  • a garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a main combustion furnace and a waste heat boiler connected to the main combustion furnace, wherein the main combustion furnace includes a main combustion chamber 5 and a secondary combustion chamber 8, The combustion chamber 5 is formed around the secondary combustion chamber 8, and the outer furnace body 4 surrounds the main combustion chamber 5.
  • the hopper 1 for feeding has one or more distributors 3. The outlet of the distributor 3 is aligned with the main combustion chamber 5.
  • a plurality of distributors 3 are evenly disposed on concentric circles centered on the axis of the main combustion chamber 5.
  • the hopper 1 has one or more distributors 3 which are driven by a driving device (not shown) provided at the top end of the outer furnace body 4 to rotate around the axis of the main combustion chamber 5. . In this way, the material can be evenly distributed, and the pyrolysis and gasification of the main combustion chamber is sufficient.
  • the hopper 1 is provided with a discharger 2, and the discharger 2 adopts a double-roller discharger, which has sufficient storage space and height to ensure the sealing function.
  • the incoming material is discharged into the distributor 3 by the unloader 2 in real time.
  • the lower end outlet of the rotary hopper 3 is placed in the annular main combustion chamber 5, and the rotational speed of the rotary hopper 3 can be set to 45 for domestic garbage. ⁇ 60. /min, to ensure that the newly added garbage on the loop can successfully complete the whole process of preheating, drying, pyrolysis and burning, and only control the new material to enter during the burning stage after the fire, so that the pyrolysis combustion process can be stabilized.
  • the unburned solid matter and ash are gradually moved down under the movement of the roller unloading grate 11 until they are completely burned.
  • the pyrolysis gasification furnace cloth of the invention runs in a ring shape, and the inner and outer furnace walls restrain the free falling material, so the material is heated uniformly, the pyrolysis gasification is sufficient, and the whole process of burning and burning is real-time controllable.
  • the flue gas burned in the main combustion chamber is also quickly sucked into the secondary combustion chamber located at the center of the outer furnace body. Therefore, the waste heat energy utilization rate of the waste heat boiler in the subsequent process is high, the combustion process is stable and sufficient, and the flue gas treatment is thorough.
  • the main combustion chamber 5 has a substantially annular cross section, and a plurality of primary air inlets 12 are provided at the bottom of the main combustion chamber 5, and a plurality of slag grate 11 are arranged above the secondary air inlet 12, and the primary air enters from the bottom of the grate.
  • Ash The downward movement is reversed to ensure that the ash is completely burned and discharged through the slag discharge sump 11.
  • the bottom of the outer furnace body 4 is provided with a water sealing device 20, and the water sealing device 20 is provided to cool the ash and reduce the dust generated by the slag discharging.
  • the slag grate 11 includes a unloading roller rotating shaft disposed along a radial direction of the main combustion chamber, a tapered bracket 111 mounted on the unloading roller rotating shaft, and a driving tapered bracket 111.
  • a unloading roller driving device 112 that rotates around the unwinding roller shaft.
  • one end of the cone top of the tapered bracket 111 is close to the secondary combustion chamber 8.
  • the tapered bracket 111 includes a plurality of cross-shaped rod members stacked in a plurality of layers disposed along the rotating shaft of the unloading roller, and the length of the plurality of rod members
  • the taper is tapered from the falling ground toward the top of the cone to form a tapered profile.
  • the slag-discharging furnace is arranged at the bottom of the ash slag layer, the three groups of furnace slabs are evenly distributed along the annular furnace, each group consists of two cone-shaped slag-removing rollers, and the first slag-removing slag is arranged below the slag-removing slag. Rotating conveniently realizes the technical requirements of loose flue, breakage, slag and real-time slag discharge.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 8 is provided with a plurality of secondary combustion chamber inlets 6 communicating with the annular main combustion chamber 5, and in the above combustion process, a large amount of organic matter and combustible substances generated by pyrolysis gasification are required to be higher. The temperature and sufficient time to burn the substance enter the secondary combustion chamber 8 from the secondary combustion chamber inlet 6 .
  • a secondary combustion chamber air inlet 7 is also provided in the secondary combustion chamber 8.
  • an air preheater 15 is provided in the waste heat boiler, and the output of the air preheater 15 is in communication with the secondary combustion chamber inlet 7 .
  • Air from a preheating temperature of 200 °C or higher can be introduced from the air inlet 7 of the secondary combustion chamber to promote pyrolysis and combustion of harmful substances.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 8 is in communication with the waste heat boiler, and the flue gas is directly introduced into the superheater 13 of the waste heat boiler by the exhaust chamber 10 of the secondary combustion chamber.
  • the temperature control index at the flue gas outlet of the superheater 13 is set to 650 ° C ⁇ 50 ° C
  • the temperature control range at the flue gas outlet of the deacidification tower 17 is 170 ° C ⁇ 20 °. C.
  • the flue gas discharged from the outer side of the deacidification tower 17 enters the baghouse 18 and is discharged into the atmosphere by the draft fan.
  • the secondary combustion chamber 8 has a conical closed top end. The advantage of this structure is that it does not affect the fabric of the material. With this structure, the upper end of the annular main combustion chamber 5 has a large space, which facilitates the installation and operation of the rotary distributor 3.
  • the waste heat boiler is a plurality of vertical towers connected end to end, and a plurality of vertical towers are sequentially provided with overheating
  • each vertical tower is connected end to end in a labyrinth to ensure that the flue gas must be sequentially desuperheated from the superheater 13, the evaporator 14, the air preheater 15, the economizer 16, the deacidification tower 17, and the bag.
  • the device 18 passes.
  • the superheater 13 is a component of the boiler that further heats the steam from the saturation temperature to the superheat temperature.
  • the evaporator 14 is a member that causes the liquid to boil and vaporize.
  • the air preheater 15 is a component for preheating the air and then delivering it to the secondary combustion chamber 8.
  • the economizer 16 heats the boiler feed water into a heated surface of the saturated water under the steam drum pressure in the tail flue of the boiler, due to the absorption thereof. It is a relatively low-temperature flue gas, which reduces the exhaust gas temperature of the flue gas, saves energy and improves efficiency.
  • the deacidification column 17 is a member that neutralizes the acidic substance in the flue gas by means of an alkali spray.
  • the bag filter 18 is a component for removing dust from the flue gas.
  • the above components are all commercially available products. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may use other configurations of waste heat boilers according to the composition of the materials, for example, using a water net type dust collector. , ' , ' , ' , , : ' , ', the superheater 13, the evaporator 14, the air preheater 15 and the economizer 16 are provided with a ash discharge valve 19 at the lower end of the vertical tower.
  • the ash discharge valve 19 in this example uses an air lock ash discharge valve.
  • the temperature of the exhaust chamber 10 of the secondary combustion chamber is required to be not lower than 900 ° C; the outlet temperature of the superheater 13 is not lower than 600 ° C; and the outlet temperature of the economizer 16 is 250 ⁇ 50 ° C; deacidification tower 17 outlet temperature is 170 ⁇ 20 ° C.
  • the wall of the secondary combustion chamber 8 is composed of a heat insulating material, and the thermodynamic space between the main combustion chamber 5 and the secondary combustion chamber 8 is ensured to be in communication.
  • the outer furnace body is composed of thermal insulation material.
  • the outer furnace body 4 and the secondary combustion chamber 8 are also connected by a plurality of ribs 9 for increasing the structural strength of the secondary combustion chamber 8.
  • the outer portion of the outer furnace body 4 is also provided with an insulating layer for thermal insulation.
  • the tapered bracket is provided with a plurality of rod-shaped rod members, and the front ends of the plurality of rod members are tapered.
  • the invention has strong adaptability to different components of garbage, and has stronger thermal field stability ability for the low calorific value garbage or calorific value garbage, and the secondary combustion chamber in the high temperature zone is harmless to the flue gas.
  • the processing provides a stable space and ample processing time.
  • the invention has the advantages compared with the current vertical incinerators in China, including the pyrolysis gasification type eight and B type incinerators: the coverage of the incoming materials on the combustion surface is improved, and the furnace is introduced into the furnace. The material can be clothed in real time according to the process of heating, pyrolysis, and combustion. therefore, The combustion is more stable and the flue gas purification is more thorough.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un four de pyrolyse et de gazéification de déchets domestiques qui comprend un four de combustion principal et une chaudière à chaleur résiduelle reliée au four de combustion principal. Le four de combustion principal comprend une chambre de combustion primaire (5) et une chambre de combustion secondaire (8). La chambre de combustion principale (5) est formée autour de la chambre de combustion secondaire (8). La chambre de combustion principale (5) étant fermée par un corps de four externe (4). Une trémie de charge (1) pour l'alimentation en charge comprend un ou plusieurs distributeurs de charge (3). Une sortie du distributeur de charge (3) est alignée avec la chambre de combustion principale (5). La distance d'alimentation en aire requise pour la chambre de combustion principale est réduite, de telle sorte que l'effet d'alimentation en air est garanti et que la charge est complètement brûlée, et en même temps, étant donné que la distance radiale pendant le fonctionnement dans la chambre de combustion principale est réduite, la difficulté d'intervention humaine est réduite.
PCT/CN2012/074529 2011-06-22 2012-04-23 Four de pyrolyse et de gazéification de déchets Ceased WO2012174939A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110167846.0 2011-06-22
CN 201110167846 CN102261661B (zh) 2011-06-22 2011-06-22 生活垃圾焚烧热解气化炉

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012174939A1 true WO2012174939A1 (fr) 2012-12-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2012/074529 Ceased WO2012174939A1 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-04-23 Four de pyrolyse et de gazéification de déchets

Country Status (2)

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CN (1) CN102261661B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012174939A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102261661B (zh) * 2011-06-22 2013-03-20 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 生活垃圾焚烧热解气化炉
CN103398385B (zh) * 2013-07-30 2015-12-02 华南理工大学 一种船舶焚烧炉及动力装置的余热回收系统及回收方法
CN104534478A (zh) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-22 桂林科技企业发展中心 一种垃圾焚烧炉
CN105465775B (zh) * 2016-01-01 2018-08-17 广州环峰能源科技股份有限公司 一种生物质高低差燃烧室
CN106090929B (zh) * 2016-08-23 2018-09-04 厚德九天（湖北）环保科技集团有限公司 一种生活垃圾焚烧系统用热解气化炉
CN108613210A (zh) * 2016-12-13 2018-10-02 三久股份有限公司 多段式锅炉热交换装置
CN107152682A (zh) * 2017-06-16 2017-09-12 湖北帝朗环保科技有限公司 生活垃圾生活区域定量焚烧低空无烟排放设备及工艺流程
CN107270300A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-10-20 湖北帝朗环保科技有限公司 一种生活垃圾生活区域处理模式
CN110220199B (zh) * 2019-04-19 2020-07-21 浙江华荣电池股份有限公司 一种高效燃烧的处理垃圾焚烧系统

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US3680503A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-08-01 Gunnar Danielsson Incinerator
EP1201993A1 (fr) * 2000-10-25 2002-05-02 Manop Piyasil Procédé et dispositif pour l'incinération de déchets
CN2521499Y (zh) * 2002-01-08 2002-11-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 垃圾焚烧炉
CN2658586Y (zh) * 2003-11-18 2004-11-24 吴柏梁 控气式医疗废物热解焚烧炉
CN101294708A (zh) * 2008-04-25 2008-10-29 东南大学 城市生活垃圾流化床气化燃烧处理方法
CN101968224A (zh) * 2010-07-22 2011-02-09 陈仲伟 一种生活垃圾立式焚烧转动炉排炉系统
CN102261661A (zh) * 2011-06-22 2011-11-30 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 生活垃圾焚烧锅炉

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JPS57170982A (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-10-21 Ota Tekkosho:Kk Reclaiming furnace for combustible gas having opening and shutting device for flue
US5397551A (en) * 1992-07-09 1995-03-14 Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. Incinerator
JPH08285257A (ja) * 1995-04-13 1996-11-01 Daitouwa Tekko Kk 焼却炉
CN100380049C (zh) * 2005-07-01 2008-04-09 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 医疗垃圾焚烧炉
CN200958757Y (zh) * 2006-10-19 2007-10-10 化学工业第二设计院宁波工程有限公司 热分解立式焚烧炉

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3680503A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-08-01 Gunnar Danielsson Incinerator
EP1201993A1 (fr) * 2000-10-25 2002-05-02 Manop Piyasil Procédé et dispositif pour l'incinération de déchets
CN2521499Y (zh) * 2002-01-08 2002-11-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 垃圾焚烧炉
CN2658586Y (zh) * 2003-11-18 2004-11-24 吴柏梁 控气式医疗废物热解焚烧炉
CN101294708A (zh) * 2008-04-25 2008-10-29 东南大学 城市生活垃圾流化床气化燃烧处理方法
CN101968224A (zh) * 2010-07-22 2011-02-09 陈仲伟 一种生活垃圾立式焚烧转动炉排炉系统
CN102261661A (zh) * 2011-06-22 2011-11-30 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 生活垃圾焚烧锅炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102261661A (zh) 2011-11-30
CN102261661B (zh) 2013-03-20

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