WO2012174997A1 - 不对等焦距、高放大倍率的虚像显示光机 - Google Patents

不对等焦距、高放大倍率的虚像显示光机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012174997A1
WO2012174997A1 PCT/CN2012/076965 CN2012076965W WO2012174997A1 WO 2012174997 A1 WO2012174997 A1 WO 2012174997A1 CN 2012076965 W CN2012076965 W CN 2012076965W WO 2012174997 A1 WO2012174997 A1 WO 2012174997A1
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Prior art keywords
image display
image
transparent material
optically transparent
focal length
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PCT/CN2012/076965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕兴增
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NANJING XUANSHIJIE OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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NANJING XUANSHIJIE OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/123,772 priority Critical patent/US9019175B2/en
Priority to KR1020137029537A priority patent/KR101613071B1/ko
Priority to JP2014515049A priority patent/JP5890898B2/ja
Priority to EP12802777.8A priority patent/EP2687894A4/en
Publication of WO2012174997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012174997A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G02B27/022—Viewing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0127—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the depth of field
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical machine, in particular to a virtual image display device for applying birefringence image by applying a coating technology to a light machine, in particular to a virtual image display machine with short focal length, high magnification, clear image and flat image. . Background technique
  • virtual image display optical machines such as conventional head mounted display HMDs, typically use optical reflection and refraction effects for virtual image projection, such as the patent number: 200710176478.
  • the virtual image is imaged on the imaged film after being split by the polarizing plate system; at this time, the image focal length (the distance from the polarizer to the imaged film) is longer; the image of the image is the visual focal length (the distance from the eye to the polarizer)
  • the semi-real and semi-virtual double image overlaps on the upper part, the sharpness is poor; the image on the image is magnified, and the image will be deformed by the degree of magnification, showing a semi-curved curvature, and the magnification is increased. Larger, more severely deformed; this is the basic geometric optics principle.
  • the virtual image optical device has a long focal length axis, which affects the appearance size of the display.
  • the general solution to the deformation of the projected image is to make multi-level magnification.
  • Each layer is enlarged and the scattering angle of the whole beam is controlled to minimize the deformation of the image.
  • the optical path of the optical machine is lengthened, and there are multiple lens combinations, and the size becomes very long.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing virtual image display optical machine has a long focal length, poor definition, severe bending deformation and long visual focal length axis, which affects the appearance size of the display.
  • Simple, visual focal length axis is short, image size is large, flatness is high and the definition is good.
  • a virtual image display machine with non-equal focal length and high magnification comprising an image display, an optically transparent material and a mirror; the optically transparent material is obliquely disposed between the image display and the mirror, on the optically transparent material
  • the opposite side of the image display is plated with a reverse anti-reflection film, the other side is coated with a polarizing film or sequentially coated with a polarizing film and a forward anti-reflection film, and the angle between the mirror and the optically transparent material is the same as that of the reverse anti-reflection film.
  • the sum of the angles is 90 degrees.
  • the image display, optically transparent material and mirror of the present invention are arranged coaxially.
  • the optically transparent material of the present invention is located on a coaxial line of view.
  • optically transparent material optically transparent material of the present invention is a high temperature resistant glass.
  • the concave mirror of the present invention has an angle of 45 degrees with the optically transparent material, and the coating angle of the reverse antireflection film is 45 degrees.
  • the mirror of the present invention is a concave enlarged mirror or a concave enlarged mirror set.
  • the invention is designed for the optical structure design of the virtual image of the birefringence virtual image: making a new design of innovative and improved optics.
  • the latest optical application principle of virtual image refraction optics in order to achieve a spatial virtual image, the image can be larger, clearer, and the image is flatter and not bent, and the visual axis of the image can be more
  • the focal length is shortened to meet the needs of customers in the market of HMD products for head-mounted displays.
  • the optical design of the present invention can overcome the problem of image distortion caused by the magnification of the image of the optical machine, and the loss of sharpness distortion is reduced. Overcoming the problem that the visual axis of the optical machine is large is not conducive to the appearance of the product.
  • the opposite side of the image display is coated with a reverse anti-reflection film on the optically transparent material, so that the image is formed on the optically transparent material, and the imaging focal length of the line of sight (polarized) axis is greatly shortened, which is advantageous for the design to be lighter. Thinner and smaller, the projected image can be projected larger and clearer, and the image is flat and not deformed and curved, which increases the practicality of the product market.
  • the invention has a shorter viewing line axis (polarized light) axis, and can be designed to be thinner, lighter, smaller, and more practical in appearance structure.
  • the side opposite to the image display on the optically transparent material is sequentially plated with a polarizing film and a forward anti-reflection film, which can eliminate the common natural phenomenon of light interference generated by the light source image in the optical path of the light source (such as : Halo and shadow caused by scattering of light), to avoid the degradation of the image clarity of the light source.
  • the image of the virtual virtual image is increased, and the realism of the projected real image is presented under the effect of the darkroom of the light machine, and the definition is high.
  • the virtual image display optical machine of the invention has high imaging magnification, and can increase the visual perception by 10-15% due to the shortened image focal length.
  • the invention breaks through the framework of the basic geometrical optical principle, and generates more space and development of design and application of projection optical products.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the optical path of the main optical path of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the optical path of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a system parameter diagram of the optomechanical assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of extracting a virtual image according to the present invention.
  • image display 2, optically transparent material; 3, mirror; 4, reverse anti-reflection film; 5, polarizing film; 6, forward anti-reflection film; 7, first plane; flat.
  • a virtual image display optical machine includes an image display, an optically transparent material, and a mirror; the optically transparent material is obliquely disposed between the image display and the concave mirror on the optically transparent material.
  • the opposite side of the image display ie, the first plane of the glass piece described later
  • the other side ie, the second plane of the glass piece described later
  • the angle between the angle between the concave mirror and the optically transparent material and the coating angle of the reverse antireflection film is 90 degrees.
  • the image display is used for displaying a solid image image, and projecting the image light;
  • Concave mirror Reflects the light projected through the image display from the polarizer.
  • the coating method of the reverse anti-reflection film is: in the process of plating the anti-reflection film on the optical transparent material by the electronic coating machine, the positive and negative charges on the polarizer of the particle gun electrode of the electronic coating machine are reversed, and the reverse plating is performed.
  • An anti-reflection film forms a reverse anti-reflection film on the surface of the optically transparent material.
  • Polarized glass coated with polarizing film As shown in Fig. 1, one side is plated with a reverse anti-reflection film, and the other side is coated with a polarizing film and a forward anti-reflection film in sequence:
  • the reverse anti-reflection film on the polarizer has a half-through Transflective, the positive side of the image display is the penetrating surface, and has a penetrating property; the side facing the polarizer is the reflecting surface, which is reflective;
  • the positive anti-reflective film on the polarizer has half Translucent semi-reflective, the side facing the concave mirror, that is, the positive acting surface is a reflecting surface, which is reflective;
  • the side facing the polarizing film, that is, the reaction surface is a penetrating surface, which is reflective; the light projected by the image display penetrates the polarizer to Concave mirror, the polarizer reflects the light reflected by the concave mirror.
  • Glass piece As shown in Figure 1, one side is coated with a reverse anti-reflection film, and the other side is coated with a polarizing film and a forward anti-reflection film in sequence: as shown in Figure 2, the image display emits light (a) penetrates the glass piece a plane and a second plane are incident on the concave mirror, the concave mirror reflects the light to the first plane of the glass sheet, generates a spectroscopic light on the forward anti-reflection film, and the main split light (c) is refracted to the second plane of the glass, in the opposite The light (d) reflected on the anti-reflection film penetrates the forward anti-reflection film and is emitted, and is imaged in the retinal imaging region of the human eye.
  • the image display emits light (a) penetrates the glass piece a plane and a second plane are incident on the concave mirror, the concave mirror reflects the light to the first plane of the glass sheet, generates a spectroscopic light on the forward anti
  • (a) is penetrating light; (b) refracted light (the main component of (a) penetrates light); (c) main splitting light; (e) is sub-divided light (penetrating) ( d ) is the reflected light of (e ); (h) is the secondary light of the splitting (a);
  • F is the visual wheelbase (i.e., focal length) of the g-axis.
  • the optically modified design of the optical machine is designed as follows: 1. As shown in Fig. 1, the second plane of the glass is subjected to electronic vapor deposition coating, and the plating is functional. The angled polarizing film gives light with 50% transmittance and 50% reflectivity. Uniformly generate spectroscopic image to produce clear two real (virtual) spectroscopic images, followed by a layer of forward anti-reflective coating to increase light transmittance, increase visual clarity and prevent light interference caused by scattering of external light sources And the effect of halo.
  • the first plane of the glass sheet ie, the side opposite to the image display on the optically transparent material
  • the method of counter-plating the anti-reflection film of the interference image is plated with the anti-reflection film of the reverse action surface, and the anti-reflection film of the reverse-action surface is reversely acted (first, used as a photo film;
  • the light source scattering phenomenon and ghosting caused by the thickness of the glass sheet minimizes the interference of the image due to light interference, which affects the image clarity, that is, the distortion degree).
  • a lens attachment device is installed in the eyepiece window to reinforce the focus of the myopic eye and the presbyopia, and the lens with the degree of corrective vision used by the patient with presbyopia and myopia to adjust the focus of the visual focus.
  • the three design improvements are to design the photo film function on the second plane, that is, the plane coated with the reverse anti-reflection film, shorten the focal length of the image imaging, and generate the image of the light source under the reverse coating of the anti-reflection film.
  • the polarizing film is applied to the first plane of the glass, that is, the polarizing film and the positive anti-reflective film are plane-fitted, and the same effect is passed through the concave magnifying mirror.
  • the first plane After being refracted by the curvature of the curved surface, it is projected back to the first plane of the 45-degree angle of the polarized light, and the anti-reflection surface of the two refracting spectroscopic images is generated to the second plane, and the projection is directly penetrated into the second plane at a 90-degree angle.
  • the other spectroscopic image does not project the second plane at a 90-degree angle. Because the anti-reflection film acts in the forward direction, and the non-90-degree angle produces a refracted beam, the first plane returns to the first plane and reaches the axis of the visual axis.
  • the image is formed, so the focus of the retinal focal length falls on the polarizing film of the first plane, forming the focus of the imaging fixed focal length of the image, and the light source image is the multiple refraction light generated by the thickness of the glass piece.
  • the path is extended to form a virtual image of the space that is not in focus on the retina (the virtual image does not affect the zooming action of the eyeball vision).
  • the first plane of the polarizing plate glass is coated with a forward anti-reflection film and a reverse anti-reflection of the second plane of the glass after the polarizing coating
  • the film coating allows the eye's visual perception to reduce the normal light scattering (such as exposure) and the penetrating interface that occur when the light source image produces multiple folds (reverse) in the projected light path.
  • the resulting double-stacking commonly known as ghosting
  • ghosting commonly known as the interference of light is the main cause of image sharpness
  • the improved design combination of these three components creates a new projection image magnification technique (the principle of imaging optics for non-equal focal lengths).
  • the main technical effect is to break through the basic geometric optics principle.
  • the projection focal length and the imaging focal length must be equal.
  • the principle of the invention is to utilize the imaging principle of the human eye (virtual visual sensory function), which shows that the eye is the most detailed hierarchical scanning sensing device, which can distinguish the spatial layering, but only can not multi-focus zoom (the focus can only be one ) caused by eyeball crystals.
  • the technique shortens the imaging focal length in the originally designed equivalent focal length by removing the image of the third item, and plating the second plane of the second glass piece with the anti-reflection coating of the reverse action as the imaging plane. . Because the anti-reflection film acts in reverse, the projection imaging focal length is shortened, and the relative visual focal length on the visually-biased optical axis is also greatly shortened to the glass piece, with the fine-level layer sensing function of the eye and the single-focus zoom effect. The second plane of the glass sheet with high penetration becomes the imaging surface of the visual focal length on the positive optical axis, and is also the fixed focus on the retina.
  • the virtual image refraction imaged in the second plane of the glass sheet is imaged on the positive optical axis of the crystal sphere because of the virtual space function of the eyeball's hierarchical space. Therefore, the human eye fixes the retinal imaging focus to the polarized glass in the darkroom effect of the optical machine. On the second plane. However, a imaginary image that changes will occur in the eyeball (crystal sphere) to form a layer of visual perception without affecting the focus of the retina. This is the principle that the virtual image does not cause the high-frequency zooming movement of the eyeball, and the high-frequency focus of the retina causes the eye to feel tired. By the high transparency of the light source of the second plane, it is possible to penetrate the background scene and form the principle of the virtual visual optical effect of the eyeball of the so-called spatial virtual image.
  • the radial path of the enlarged projection is shortened and the deformation focus of the image imaging focal length does not exist on the original polarization axis. Therefore, the image does not have an imaging surface to image and display the deformed curved surface, and thus the light source image is also
  • the focal length of the imaging is shortened, and the concave magnifying glass refracts the focus of the focal length behind the second plane, so the first focus of the image is staggered in front of the concave mirror, and the image is reversed by the refraction and the focal point of the imaging focal length, and then by the glass.
  • the virtual image formed by the second plane of the film is a flat and non-deformed image, and the imaging focal length on the aforementioned positive optical axis is shortened to cause visual perception of the eye, and the visual magnification of the image is larger.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种不对等焦距、高放大倍率的虚像显示光机，它包括影像显示器、光学透明材料和反射镜；所述的光学透明材料斜向设置于影像显示器和反射镜之间，在光学透明材料上、与影像显示器相对的一面镀有反向抗反射膜，另一面镀有偏光膜或者依次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反射膜，反射镜与光学透明材料的夹角同反向抗反射膜的镀膜角度之和为90度。本发明是就双折射作用虚像光学设计的光机结构设计上：做出创新改良光学新的设计。空间虚像影像在放大更高倍率的情况下,影像更大，更清晰，并且影像平整度更高、不弯曲变形，能满足头戴式显示器HMD产品领域市场客户的需求。

Description

说明书 不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种光机， 尤其是将镀膜技术应用在光机上， 进行双折射影像的虚像显示装 置， 具体地说是一种短焦距、 高放大倍率、 显像清晰、 平整的虚像显示光机。 背景技术
目前， 虚像显示光机， 例如传统的头戴式显示器 HMD, 通常应用光学反射及折射效应进 行虚像投影， 如专利号为： 200710176478。 X 的半反射及折射光学效应组合光学应用的虚像 显示装置。 虚像影像在偏光板系统分光后在呈像片上呈像； 此时， 呈像焦距 （偏光片到呈像 片的距离） 较长； 呈像片之影像是由视觉焦距 （眼睛到偏光片的距离） 上的半实半虚的双影 像重叠所构成的， 清晰度较差； 呈像片上的影像， 随着放大倍率增大， 其影像会变曲变形度， 呈现半弧形弯曲， 放大倍率愈大、 变形愈严重； 这是基本的几何光学原理。 同时， 因为呈像 片的设置， 此种虚像光学装置视觉焦距轴较长， 影响显示器的外观尺寸大小。 几何光学在做 投影系统光机设计时,一般解决投射影像愈变形弯曲的方式是做多层次放大， 每层放大加上整 束光影的散射角度， 以控制影像的变形状况至最小， 此种光光机 光路径轴加长， 要有多片镜 片组合， 体积尺寸变得很长很大。 发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的虚像显示光机所存在的呈像焦距较长、 清晰度较差、 弯曲变 形严重和视觉焦距轴较长、 影响显示器的外观尺寸大的问题， 提出一种结构简单， 视觉焦距 轴短， 影像尺寸大， 平整度高和清晰度好的虚像显示光机。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 它包括影像显示器、 光学透明材料和反 射镜； 所述的光学透明材料斜向设置于影像显示器和反射镜之间， 在光学透明材料上、 与影 像显示器相对的一面镀有反向抗反射膜， 另一面镀有偏光膜或者依次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反 射膜， 反射镜与光学透明材料的夹角同反向抗反射膜的镀膜角度之和为 90度。
本发明的影像显示器、 光学透明材料和反射镜同轴设置。 本发明的光学透明材料位于视角同轴线上。
本发明的光学透明材料光学透明材料为耐高温的玻璃。
本发明的凹面镜与光学透明材料的夹角为 45度， 反向抗反射膜的镀膜角度为 45度。 本发明的反射镜为凹面放大反射镜或是凹面放大反射镜组。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明是就双折射作用虚像光学设计的光机结构设计上： 做出创新改良光学新的设计。 最新的虚像折射光学的光学应用原理 ， 以便达到空间虚像影像能在放大更高倍率的情况下, 影像更大， 更清晰及影像平整度更高而且不弯曲变形， 更能将影像的视觉轴 （焦） 距縮到更 短小，满足头戴式显示器 HMD产品领域市场客户的需求， 本发明的光学设计能突破光机因放 大影像倍率而造成影像变形,的问题， 减少了清晰度失真度损失， 克服了光机视觉轴距大不利 于产品外观的难题。
本发明中， 在光学透明材料上与影像显示器相对的一面镀反向抗反射膜， 使得呈像在光 学透明材料上， 因视距（偏光）轴的成像焦距大幅縮短， 有利外观设计更轻， 更薄， 更小 ， 投 影影像却可投射更大， 更清晰， 得到平整不变形弯曲的影像， 增加产品市场实用性。
本发明因视距轴 （偏光）轴更短， 在外观结构上可设计的更薄、 更轻、 更小， 实用性强。 本发明中，在光学透明材料上与影像显示器相背的一面依次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反射膜， 能够消除光源影像在光机内,投影光路径上所产生的光干涉普遍自然现象 （ 如：光的散射造成 的光晕及迭影 ），避免光源影像清晰度的下降。 增加空间虚像的影像,在光机暗房效果下呈现 更接近投影实像的真实度， 清晰度高。
本发明的虚像显示光机， 成像放大倍率高， 可因縮短的呈像焦距而多增加 10— 15 %的放 大视觉感受。
本发明突破基础几何光学原理的框架 ， 产生更多投影光学产品在设计应用上的空间及 发展。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明的主光路的光学路径示意图。
图 3是本发明的光学路径示意图。
图 4是本发明的光机组合的系统参数图。
图 5是本发明提取虚像的原理示意图。 图中： 1、 影像显示器； 2、 光学透明材料； 3、 反射镜； 4、 反向抗反射膜； 5、 偏光膜； 6、 正向抗反射膜； 7、 第一平面； 8、 第二平面。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
如图 1-3所示， 一种虚像显示光机， 它包括影像显示器、光学透明材料和反射镜； 所述的 光学透明材料斜向设置于影像显示器和凹面镜之间， 在光学透明材料上、 与影像显示器相对 的一面（即后述玻璃片的第一平面）镀有反向抗反射膜， 另一面（即后述玻璃片的第二平面) 镀有偏光膜或者依次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反射膜， 凹面镜与光学透明材料的夹角同反向抗反 射膜的镀膜角度之和为 90度。
其中， 影像显示器： 用于显示实体影像画面， 并将影像光线投射出去；
凹面镜： 反射穿透过偏光片而来的影像显示器投射的光线。
反向抗反射膜的镀膜方法是： 电子镀膜机对光学透明材料进行镀抗反射膜的过程中， 将 电子镀膜机的粒子枪电极极化仓上的正、 负电荷反向， 进行反向镀抗反射膜， 在光学透明材 料表面形成反向抗反射膜。
镀有偏光膜的玻璃即偏光玻璃： 如图 1所示， 一面镀有反向抗反射膜， 另一面依次镀有 偏光膜和正向抗反射膜时： 偏光片上的反向抗反射膜具有半穿透半反射性， 面向影像显示器 的一面即正作用面为穿透面， 具有穿透性； 面向偏光片的一面即反作用面为反射面， 具有反 射性； 偏光片上的正向抗反射膜具有半穿透半反射性， 面向凹面镜的一面即正作用面为反射 面， 具有反射性； 面向偏光膜的一面即反作用面为穿透面， 具有反射性； 影像显示器投射的 光线穿透偏光片至凹面镜， 偏光片反射凹面镜反射的光线。
玻璃片： 如图 1所示， 一面镀有反向抗反射膜， 另一面依次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反射膜： 如图 2所示， 影像显示器发出光线 （a ) 穿透玻璃片的第一平面和第二平面， 入射至凹面镜， 凹面镜反射光线至玻璃片的第一平面， 在正向抗反射膜上产生分光， 主分光线 （c)折射至玻 璃的第二平面， 在反向抗反射膜上反射的光线（d )穿透正向抗反射膜后射出， 在人眼的视网 膜成像区成像。
如图 3所示， （a )为穿透性光； （b)折射光（（a ) 的主分光线穿透）； （c)主分光线； （e ) 为副分光线 （穿透）； ( d ) 为 （e ) 的反射光线； （h ) 为分光 （a ) 的副分光线；
图 5中， F是 g轴的视觉轴距 （即焦距）。
具体实施时： 在双折射虚像光学设计的光机中， 就该设计光机的组件做光学改良设计， 改良方式如下： 1、 如图 1所示， 玻璃片第二平面做电子蒸镀镀膜， 镀上有功能角度设计的偏光膜， 让光 线具有 50 %穿透率及具有 50 %反射率特性。 均匀产生分光影像作用， 产生清晰的两道实 (虚) 分光影像， 后面再镀上一层正向抗反射镀膜， 增加光线穿透率、 增加视觉清晰度及防止外界 光源的散射造成的光干涉和光晕的影响。
2、 玻璃片第一平面 （即： 光学透明材料上、 与影像显示器相对的一面） 则设计用反向 电子蒸镀法 （采用专利号为 " 201110069118。 6" 的一种能消除光学成像中光干涉影像的反 向镀抗反射膜的方法） 镀上反向作用面的抗反射膜， 让反向作用面的抗反射膜产生反向作用 (一、 做为呈像片使用； 二、 消除在玻璃片厚度内造成的光源散射现象及鬼影， 使影像因光干 涉减少， 影响影像清晰程度即失真度的问题降至最小)。
3、取消原先在偏正光轴即视觉轴线上的呈像片装置； 将呈像片功能转移至玻璃片第二平 面上即镀有反向抗反射膜的平面上， 有效縮短视觉焦距的长度， 加大影像视觉效果。
4、 另外在眼球窗口接目镜窗口做个镜片加装装置以补强在重度近视及老花眼， 和有老花 眼及近视眼患者要用的有度数矫正视觉的镜片来调整视觉焦距的焦点。
就改良光机结构及组件技术设置， 所产生的新的光学应用原理及作用， 和光学作用效果 的说明如下；
上述 1, 2 , 3 项修改的原理说明：
此 3项设计改良是将呈像片功能设计在第二平面即镀有反向抗反射膜的平面， 将影像成 像的焦距縮短， 在抗反射膜反向镀膜下， 产生将光源影像， 藉 45度角偏光作用到玻璃第一平 面即偏光膜与正向抗反射膜夹得平面， 相同作用穿越到凹面放大折射镜。 经过弧形面的曲率 折射放大后， 投射回偏光 45度角的第一平面， 产生两道折射分光影像向第二平面的抗反射作 用面， 投射一道成 90度角直接穿透第二平面,另一道分光影像则不成 90度角投射第二平面, 因抗反射膜正向作用， 又因非 90度角所以产生折射光束， 返回第一平面穿透第一平面到达， 视觉轴的轴线上,进入眼球视网膜区感应到而形成影像， 因此视网膜焦距的焦点落在第一平面 的偏光膜上， 形成影像的成像固定焦距的焦点， 而光源影像则因玻璃片的厚度所产生的多次 折射光路径加长延伸而成焦点却不在视网膜上的空间虚像 (该虚像不会影响眼球视觉的变焦 动作)。 另外光源影像因成像面的转移到偏光板第二平面 (反向抗反射膜表面)上， 使原先偏正 光轴路径大幅縮短， 眼睛所看到的影像视距更近、 影像更大 （比原先放大倍率更大)的视觉感 受。 上述内容为， 造成影像放大的加成效果原理的说明。
偏光板玻璃的第一平面在偏光镀膜后， 再加镀正向抗反射膜及玻璃第二平面的反向抗反 射膜镀膜， 联合作用下， 让眼球视觉感受减少了光源影像在 投射的光路径上所产生多次 折 (反)射作用发生的常态性的光线散射作用 (例如曝光作用)及穿透接口会产生的双重迭影 (俗称 鬼影） 这些 （通称光的干涉现象是影像清晰度的主因 ） 会被反向抗反射膜作用排除。 正面则 因正向抗反射膜作用， 而加强了视觉偏正光轴上光线的穿透性作用， 及减少光晕现象的干涉 视觉效果导致清晰度渐次下降， 使光机内部的暗房效应更好， 让眼球视觉感受获得更清晰的 视觉感受度。 上述内容为， 清晰度的增加的原理的说明。
此三项的组件的改良设计组合结构创造出新的投射影像放大技术 (不对等焦距的成像光 学应用原理)。主要技术效果是突破基础几何光学原理对投影放大影像在投射焦距与成像焦距 必须对等下， 影像放大倍率愈大， 成像面影像变形率也相对变大， 若縮短焦距变形量将更大。
本发明原理， 是利用人类眼球 (虚拟视觉感官功能)成像原理， 说明:眼睛是最细致的层次 扫描传感装置， 它可分辨空间层次感， 但唯独还是不能多焦点变焦 （焦点只能一个)眼球水晶 体所致。
本技术将原先设计的对等焦距中的成像焦距縮短， 就是除去第 3 项的呈像片， 将第 2 项 玻璃片的第二平面镀上反向作用的抗反射镀膜， 做为成像平面使用。 因为抗反射膜反向作用, 使得投射成像焦距縮短， 相对的在视觉偏正光轴上的视觉焦距也大幅度縮短至玻璃片上， 藉 由眼睛精细的层次感知功能及单一焦点变焦的作用下， 让具有高穿透性的玻璃片第二平面 成为偏正光轴上的视觉焦距的成像面， 也是视网膜上的固定焦点。 在玻璃片第二平面折射成 像的虚像则因为眼球的层次空间虚拟视觉功能， 在水晶球体的偏正光轴上成像， 所以人的眼 睛在光机的暗房效果下将视网膜成像焦点固定在偏光玻离第二平面上。 然而会产生变化的虚 像， 在眼球 (水晶球体)形成在层次视觉感受， 而不影响视网膜的焦点变化。 这就是看虚像不会 造成眼球高频縮放运动， 视网膜高频焦点变焦致使眼睛感到疲累的原理。 藉由第二平面的光 源高穿透性， 可穿透见到背景景物， 就形成所谓的空间虚像的眼球虚拟视觉光学效应原理。
因成像焦距的縮短使放大投影的放射状光路径縮短及影像成像焦距的变形焦点不存在在 原有偏光轴上的呈像片所以影像不会有成像面可以成像显示出变形弯曲面， 光源影像也因此 成像焦距縮短， 凹面放大镜折射焦距的焦点， 在第二平面后方， 所以影像在光束折射交错的 第一焦点在凹面镜前方， 影像因折射作用上下颠倒及成像焦距的焦点之间， 再藉由玻璃片第 二平面所形成空间虚像是平整不变形的影像， 再加上前述的偏正光轴上的成像 焦距縮短 造 成眼睛视觉感受上， 有影像放大倍率更大的视觉效果。这就是形成影像平整不弯曲变形， 放大 倍率更大的视觉作用光学应用原理的说明。
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是它包括影像显示器、 光学透 明材料和反射镜； 所述的光学透明材料斜向设置于影像显示器和反射镜之间， 在光学 透明材料上、 与影像显示器相对的一面镀有反向抗反射膜， 另一面镀有偏光膜或者依 次镀有偏光膜和正向抗反射膜， 反射镜与光学透明材料的夹角同反向抗反射膜的镀膜 角度之和为 90度。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是所述的影 像显示器、 光学透明材料和反射镜同轴设置。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是所述的光 学透明材料位于视角同轴线上。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是所述的光 学透明材料光学透明材料为耐高温的玻璃。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是所述的凹 面镜与光学透明材料的夹角为 45度， 反向抗反射膜的镀膜角度为 45度。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的不对等焦距、 高放大倍率的虚像显示光机， 其特征是所述的反 射镜为凹面放大反射镜或是凹面放大反射镜组。
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US20140125559A1 (en) 2014-05-08
KR20140016964A (ko) 2014-02-10
JP2014522511A (ja) 2014-09-04
CN102253491A (zh) 2011-11-23
EP2687894A4 (en) 2014-11-26
EP2687894A1 (en) 2014-01-22
JP5890898B2 (ja) 2016-03-22
US9019175B2 (en) 2015-04-28

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