WO2013012762A2 - Conteneur de chargement à régulation de climatisation pour stocker, transporter et préserver un chargement - Google Patents

Conteneur de chargement à régulation de climatisation pour stocker, transporter et préserver un chargement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013012762A2
WO2013012762A2 PCT/US2012/046828 US2012046828W WO2013012762A2 WO 2013012762 A2 WO2013012762 A2 WO 2013012762A2 US 2012046828 W US2012046828 W US 2012046828W WO 2013012762 A2 WO2013012762 A2 WO 2013012762A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cargo
container
bearing structure
load bearing
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/046828
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013012762A3 (fr
Inventor
Rick D. Imbrecht
Vance L. Seagle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airdex International Inc
Original Assignee
Airdex International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airdex International Inc filed Critical Airdex International Inc
Publication of WO2013012762A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013012762A2/fr
Publication of WO2013012762A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013012762A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

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    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00577—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other
    • B65D2519/00616—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures not intended to be disassembled
    • B65D2519/00621—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures not intended to be disassembled sidewalls directly connected to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00636—Connections structures connecting side walls to the pallet
    • B65D2519/00641—Structures intended to be disassembled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00636—Connections structures connecting side walls to the pallet
    • B65D2519/00641—Structures intended to be disassembled
    • B65D2519/00661—Structures intended to be disassembled side walls maintained connected to pallet by means of auxiliary locking elements, e.g. spring loaded locking pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00706—Connections structures connecting the lid or cover to the side walls or corner posts
    • B65D2519/00711—Connections structures connecting the lid or cover to the side walls or corner posts removable lid or covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00706—Connections structures connecting the lid or cover to the side walls or corner posts
    • B65D2519/00716—Connections structures connecting the lid or cover to the side walls or corner posts non-removable lid or covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/0081—Elements or devices for locating articles
    • B65D2519/00815—Elements or devices for locating articles on the pallet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/0086—Protection against environmental hazards, e.g. humidity, bacteria, fire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2590/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D2590/0083—Computer or electronic system, e.g. GPS systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06—Polystyrene

Definitions

  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,689,481 discloses a dunnage platform bag and system of loading, dispensing and using the bag, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,963,397 discloses a modular knock-down, light weight cargo container, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • Omsk is a city at the junction between the northern and southern branches of the Trans-Siberian Railway. Dramatic swings in weather are often experienced with average daily temperatures in July as low as 19 °C. Temperatures in Omsk can reach 45 °C (113 °F) in summer and drop to -45 °C (-49 °F) in winter. In some isolated regions, airport facilities for rapid air cargo transport are often not available.
  • cargo being shipped or stored may be damaged by exposure to temperatures that are too low or too high.
  • temperatures that are too low or too high there is a need to keep the cargo cool when being shipped and/or stored in a hot climate.
  • the temperature change may be due not only to location, but also the time of day, for example, the difference between night and day, or early morning and mid-day or afternoon.
  • the container may also be capable of multiple cycles of changes of temperature, for example, from cold to warm and from warm to cold, or from hot to warm and from warm to cold.
  • a cargo container is disclosed that is light weight, strong, made of insulating thermoplastic polymers and containing phase change materials to protect the cargo from temperatures between -5 °C and 40 °C.
  • phase change materials or combinations of different phase change materials may be suitable for protecting a cargo in a limited confined space over broad ranges of temperatures.
  • a phase change material is a substance generally having a high heat of fusion, i.e., when converting from a solid phase to a liquid phase or when converting from a liquid phase to a solid phase at a certain temperature, the PCM may store or release large amounts of energy, the energy released may be in the form of heat absorbed or released. Thus, the PCM may release heat when the material changes from solid to liquid phase in order to keep the interior of the cargo container above the outside ambient temperature.
  • PCMs for the present applications are that one may pack into the cargo container PCMs for any temperature requirement needed at various times without any concern that one material will interfere with the function of another. Thus, customization of energy control and temperature regulation is possible.
  • the pouches may generally be made of impervious materials, which may include commonly known polymeric materials including polyolefms, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, amorphous polyolefms such as Vestoplast 703. RTM. (Huls), metallocene polyolefms, and the like.
  • polyolefms such as polyethylene, polypropylene, amorphous polyolefms such as Vestoplast 703. RTM. (Huls), metallocene polyolefms, and the like.
  • PCMs may be incorporated into the cargo container during construction of the container. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, PCMs may be incorporated into the cargo container during assembly of the parts of the container.
  • the container may include those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
  • each of the base, four walls and top includes a continuous feature extending substantially along a surface no more than approximately 80 percent, of any of the four inside edges of the walls, base and top of each of the components of the container, the features on adjacent members are of opposite interlocking characteristics. That is, if an edge has a groove, the groove is less than 80 per cent of the length of the edge; or each of the base, four walls and top includes a continuous feature extending substantially along a surface no more than approximately 90 percent of any of the four inside edges of the walls, base and top of each of the components of the container, the features on adjacent members are of opposite interlocking characteristics. That is, if an edge has a groove, the groove is less than 90 per cent of the length of the edge.
  • Some components of the container may include dunnage platforms and those useful for assembling may include interconnecting or interlocking features or characteristics which mate together to form a container.
  • Interlocking or interconnecting features or characteristics may also be defined as a depression in a wall of a container corresponding to a protrusion in the cargo such that the container 'mates' with the cargo without requiring a fastener.
  • Interlocking characteristics may include respective depression and protrusion features on adjacent connecting components. For example, when the features along one side have a receiving characteristic, the features on the adjacent member are of a protruding characteristic so that the interlocking features mate to form a container without any aid from additional clips or fasteners.
  • the container includes two halves, such as clam shell halves, in mirror images, each having at least two walls and a base or top component, each of the components having corresponding interlocking features to be mated together to form a container having for example, a closed enclosure therein.
  • Each of the halves having an inner surface and an outer surface joined by a width.
  • the load bearing structure and bag-like enclosure in this configuration are both transparent to magnetic imaging scanners used in security scanning to facilitate the security check of perishable cargo or non-perishable cargo, large or small, without the need for unloading and reloading of the cargo from the load bearing structure.
  • FIG. 1A shows a line drawing of FIG. 1C the cargo carrier dunnage platform with pockets for locating phase change materials and FIG. IB a line drawing of in profile, according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a line drawing of the empty cargo carrier dunnage platform with a half enclosure positioned on the cargo carrier dunnage platform, according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows fully assembled container of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGs. 8A-E show another embodiment of a container of the present invention in various stages of assembly, depicting the interconnecting features
  • FIGs. 10 and 10A show the embodiment of the present invention with an additional enclosure in various stages of being installed.
  • the enclosure may be an undivided compartment, as shown in FIG. 8, or may be divided into multiple compartments (not specifically shown), each compartment may be suitable for storage or transport of cargos with different characteristics.
  • one compartment may have climate control while the rest of the compartment may not.
  • one compartment may be padded for extra shock protection while the rest may not.
  • a compartment may be sized for a specific article while another compartment may be sized for a different article.
  • any of the exposed surfaces may have anti-microbial properties.
  • the cargo container may be a modular, lightweight, strong container that may include any or all of the properties stated below: ultra violet light insulating, tamper resistant, receptacle for insulating, preserving, facilitating security check, or tracking and transporting cargo.
  • the cargo container may be a modular, lightweight, strong, ultra violet light insulating, tamper resistant load bearing structure with enclosure for insulating, preserving, tracking and transporting cargo.
  • the cargo container is a modular, lightweight, strong, container that may be ultra violet light insulating, tamper resistant dunnage platform with enclosure for insulating, preserving, tracking and transporting cargo.
  • These cargo containers may include two halves or plurality of dunnage platforms or load bearing structures, as shown in the figures, for example, FIGS. 3, 6 and 9.
  • containers or pouches are shown here in substantially rectangular form, but they may be in other forms. Also, the pouches may be located in other locations inside the cargo container including in contact or in close proximity to the cargo item to be protected from temperature changes, or inside the packaging of the cargo item, similar to placement of desiccant pouches. As mentioned before, the thinner and/or smaller the pouches for containing phase change materials, the better the effects exhibited by the phase change materials.
  • Phase change materials may include organic materials, inorganic materials, their acids and their salts.
  • Organic materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. Of the organic PCMs, most may be exposed to air, have wider ranges of melting temperatures. However, organic PCMs may be flammable, combustible and may have lower specific heat. Inorganic materials also have their own advantages and disadvantages. Inorganic salts often may have to be enclosed or encapsulated to prevent or minimize water evaporation or uptake. Inorganic PCMs generally have higher specific heats than organic PCMs. Combining organic PCMs and inorganic PCM may have advantages for certain applications. If the phase change materials are correctly utilized, some of the disadvantages may become an advantage for certain applications.
  • Both organic PCMs and inorganic PCMs may be used in their pure form, combined or may be formulated with other substances to expand the usefulness over extreme temperature ranges.
  • Common organic PCMs include paraffin waxes, 2,2-dimethyl-n-docosane (C 24 H 50 ), trimyristin, ((Ci 3 H 27 COO) 3 C 3 H 3 ), 1,3-methyl pentacosane (C 2 6H 54 ), other polyethylene waxes, ethylene-bis-stearamide, ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylene-bis-stearamide, which may be used alone or in mixtures thereof.
  • PCMs suitable for keeping contents cool may be solids at ambient temperature, having melting points between approximately 30°C and approximately 50°C. Further, eutectic or near eutectic mixtures may be formed.
  • PCMs with a high specific heat may also be advantageous for keeping the contents from being too cold and/or from freezing.
  • Phase change materials present many suitable options for customized climate control. For each application, a material, a mixture of materials or a formulated material having the desired melting temperature range in the desired operating temperature range may be chosen along with other desirable properties.
  • phase change materials PCMs
  • other (usually solid) structures are generally possible.
  • metallic alloys may be better thermal conductors than other phase change materials even though their heat of fusion are low.
  • a mixture of a metallic alloy with one or more of the other inorganic or organic phase change materials may be used to increase heat conductivity within the phase change material.
  • a simple example is a copper-mesh immersed in a paraffin-wax.
  • the copper-mesh within paraffin-wax may be considered a composite material.
  • Such a composite also adds increased thermal conductivity to the PCMs.
  • Such composites may include using fiber-glass or kevlar-pre-preg and a matrix.
  • the matrix may be any adhesive which may solidify to hold fibers together and provide compressive strength.
  • metallic materials are not included.
  • phase change materials mentioned above may be recyclable in that they may undergo phase changes for an almost infinite number of times. Others may be more endothermic agents and thus may have a limited life cycle unless handled under a controlled environment. These endothermic agents may lose their effectiveness as a phase change material even when handled under a controlled environment. In an embodiment of the present invention, even the limited life cycle PCM may be useful for cargo containers.
  • These containers or pouches are generally of shallow design, each of which may be further divided into cells.
  • the cells may again be shallow to reduce static head based on the principle of shallow container geometry, as mentioned before.
  • These small cells may be present in various parts of the cargo container 500, 600 or 800, as discussed above in various FIGS, as discussed above. They may also be placed next to any items of the cargo or in a form to conform with the shape and size of the cargo item, as noted above concerning customization. When present in such forms, heat conductivity of the sheet or film materials for making the cells may not also be as important as for larger containers or pouches. Cargo items in contact or in close proximity with small pouches having phase change materials may further be enclosed with moisture permeable or breathable material.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cargo 490 loaded on the dunnage platform with the first half enclosure 380 located using the groove or recess 130.
  • the cargo is enclosed using a second half enclosure 380 located on the dunnage platform using the groove or recess 130 to form the cargo container 500.
  • the first half enclosure and the second half enclosure are identical and may be interchanged by rotating by 180 degrees around a central axis perpendicular to the plane of the dunnage platform and are therefore described as symmetrical.
  • a cargo carrier 100 includes an enclosure with pockets 125 for locating phase change materials which is integrally attached to a dunnage platform 100.
  • the dimensions of the dunnage platform 100 may be approximately 1319 mm x 1116 mm x 165 mm.
  • the exterior dimensions of the enclosure may be approximately 380, 583 are 1319 mm x 1116 mm x 1574 mm.
  • the interior dimensions of the enclosure may be approximately 380, 583 may be approximately 1219 mm x 1016 mm x 1524 mm.
  • a clasp may be fixed on the outside of the enclosure or connect with straps encircling the cargo container.
  • the clasp may connect with a mesh, a sheet or a barrier inserted in the core of the first or second enclosure 380, 585. The clasp may then be fixed on the outside of the second or first enclosure 585, 380 or connect with straps encircling the cargo container.
  • the container 500, 600 or 800 may include an enclosure having one undivided internal compartment, as shown in FIG. 3, 6, 8C or 8E.
  • the container 500, 600 or 800 may include an enclosure having more than one internal compartment, not specifically shown.
  • the interior may have dividers molded into the side of the component structures (not specifically shown).
  • the dividers may be added to the container 500, 600 or 800 to form separate compartments.
  • Features 612 or 622, as shown in FIGs. 6, 6A and 7A, may be present or molded into the components of the container 600 to allow for placement of dividers to adjust the size of the compartments.
  • slots 612 or 622 may be formed or molded in varied distance apart (not specifically shown), so that different size compartments may be formed which may or may not be multiples of one size.
  • the slots 612 or 622 are formed at corresponding positions on the inside surfaces of the side, top or bottom components to form compartments that are either substantially parallel to the horizontal or vertical.
  • the slots 612 or 622 are formed at an angle with respect to the horizontal or vertical. These slots may be used to locate cargo items to be protected from temperature changes inside their own packaging and may include pouches of PCMs in contact or in close proximity with cargo items.
  • the containers 500, 600 or 800 may also be made of the size and shape to accommodate the cargo, or the cargo may be contained in its own packaging and then inserted into the container 380 or 600, as shown in FIGs. 4 and 6, as noted above.
  • the enclosure may also be made up of a knock down or collapsible container 800 for storage and/or shipping, as also in FIG. 8, having a base, four walls extending therefrom and a top panel to form an enclosure therein, each of which having an inside surface, an outside surface, a width joining the inside and outside surfaces, and four inside edges and four outside edges, as shown in FIG. 8D.
  • a knock down or collapsible container 800 for storage and/or shipping, as also in FIG. 8, having a base, four walls extending therefrom and a top panel to form an enclosure therein, each of which having an inside surface, an outside surface, a width joining the inside and outside surfaces, and four inside edges and four outside edges, as shown in FIG. 8D.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of an assembled container 800 which may generally include a base 812, side pieces 801, 802, 803 and 804, and a top 816.
  • the container 800 may be assembled into the form illustrated in FIG. 8 without the use of adhesives, fasteners and/or other assembly aids and may substantially assemble in a predetermined fashion and retain the illustrated form.
  • the base 812 may generally be rectangular and may include a plurality of channels or grooves 831, 832, 833 and 834, each adjacent to an edge of the base 812.
  • the side pieces 801, 802, 803 and 804 may include edges orthogonal to ridges which correspond to the grooves of the top 816 and base 812, as illustrated in the top view of the container 800 in FIG. 8C.
  • the orthogonal edges may mate to each other with interlocking connections, as illustrated with connections 853, 854 and 855.
  • the side piece 804 may be inserted into the groove 834, followed by side piece 803 in groove 833, side piece 802 in groove 832 and then side piece 801 in groove 831.
  • Side pieces 801 and 802 may include a non-interlocking junction, as illustrated with abutting edges 851 and 852, such that side piece 801 may be inserted without interference from a protruding piece.
  • the top 816 as illustrated in FIG. 8D which may include grooves 833a, b, c and d, which may correspond to ridges 842a, b, c and d of the side pieces, respectively, may then be placed such that the corresponding ridges fit into the grooves of the top 816, closing the container 800.
  • the top 816 may also, for example, be placed before all of the side pieces are placed, such as illustrated in FIG. 8E.
  • the side pieces, such as side piece 801 as illustrated in FIG. 8E may also include handling features, such as the handle depressions 80 Id, such that the side pieces may be manipulated with greater ease.
  • the container embodiments of FIGs. 6, 6A, 7A, 8, 8A-E may also have a base component having features such as 125, as shown in FIGs. 3 A and B, for locating phase change materials, as discussed above.
  • one or more of the load bearing structure and the half enclosures may be made of an expanded polymer core over which one or more thermoplastic sheets are combined.
  • the expanded core may be made from already manufactured bulk form, such as expanded polystyrene foam which may be cut to the desired shape and size; or may be foamed in place in a mold of the size and shape desired, such as polyurethane foam.
  • the foam density may also be varied, depending on the degree of expansion of the beads used to make the foam.
  • the foam density may also decide the suitable load or cargo to be loaded. In general, the bead density for the foam may vary between 25-30 Kg/m3 if it is polystyrene.
  • the resultant foam may or may not be structurally weaker with the same degree of bead expansion.
  • material of the foam may also be considered for the tailoring.
  • one or two high impact polystyrene sheets are combined with an expanded polystyrene core containing grooves, protrusions and/or pockets to form one or more of the load bearing structure and the half enclosures.
  • one or more of the load bearing structure and the half enclosures may be made by injecting a polymer into a mold to form the core and after removing the core from the mold spraying a polymer coating on the polymer core.
  • liquid polyurethane is injected into a mold to form a polyurethane core containing grooves, protrusions and/or pockets which after curing is removed from the mold and sprayed with polyurea to form one or more of the load bearing structure and the half enclosures.
  • the polyurea spray coating process may form a coating of about 0.1 to about 0.5 mm thick on a about 50 mm core.
  • the mold may be made of metal, plastic or natural materials including wood.
  • the mold is made of aluminum.
  • at least one antimicrobial agent may be added to the material used for making the polymeric layer, for example.
  • the antimicrobial agent may be in powder form or in liquid form.
  • at least one antimicrobial agent may be coated onto the exposed surface of the polymeric layer, for example.
  • the antimicrobial agent may be in powder form or in liquid form.
  • the agent or agents when the antimicrobial agent or agents are incorporated in the material used in making the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating, the agent or agents maybe dispersed directly into the material, or with the aid of an appropriate carrier, for example, a binding agent, a solvent, or a suitable polymer mixing aid. These carriers may also be useful for coating aids. Effective binding agents are those that do not interfere with the antimicrobial activities of the antimicrobial agent.
  • the antimicrobial agent when the antimicrobial agent is incorporated into the material used either for making the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating mentioned above, the antimicrobial agent maybe master batch in the material or an appropriate carrier at a higher concentration prior to adding to the material for making the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating in desired proportions. In another embodiment, the antimicrobial agent may be added directly to the material for making the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating without the intermediate step.
  • the antimicrobial agents may include chemical antimicrobial materials or compounds that may be deposited in a non- permanent manner such that they may slowly dissolve, slowly leach or otherwise deliver antimicrobial substances during use.
  • the antimicrobial material may be adequately incorporated, though temporarily and/or in sufficient amounts to last at least for a period such as the useful life of the load bearing structures, either when at least one antimicrobial agent is added to the material used for making the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating mentioned above, or when at least one antimicrobial agent is coated onto the exposed surface of polymeric layer, for example, the sheet or sprayed coating mentioned above; or maintain their anti-microbial effects when at least one antimicrobial agent is coated with the aid of coating agents, onto the exposed surface of the polymeric layer, for example, a sheet or sprayed coating mentioned above.
  • the suitable agent or agents are those that tend to slowly migrate, or non-leaching as defined below, to the surfaces to provide antimicrobial properties to the surfaces.
  • the antimicrobial agent either in coatings or incorporated into the material used for making the polymeric layer, for example, sheets or sprayed coatings may include sources of anti-microbial agents which may be non-leaching but leach and/or release in a moist environment or upon contact with moisture. These sources may be incorporated into the substrate materials used for manufacturing the polymeric layer, for example, sheet mentioned above, or included in the coatings spray coated on the exposed surfaces of the core or sheet. Incorporation of these sources may be especially suited to polymeric substrates.
  • Antimicrobial materials or compounds may include a variety of substances including, but not limited to antibiotics such as ⁇ -lactams (e.g. penicillin), aminoglycosides (e.g. streptomycin) and tetracylcines (e.g. doxycycline), antimycotics such as polyene drugs (e.g. amphotericin B) and imidazole and triazole drugs (e.g. fluconazole), and general antimicrobial agents such as quaternary ammonium cations (e.g. benzalkonium chloride) and compounds such as triclosan, chlorhexidine, and/or any other appropriate compound or mixtures thereof.
  • antibiotics such as ⁇ -lactams (e.g. penicillin), aminoglycosides (e.g. streptomycin) and tetracylcines (e.g. doxycycline), antimycotics such as polyene drugs (e.g. amphotericin B) and imi
  • Chemical antimicrobial materials or compounds may include a variety of substances including, but not limited to antibiotics, antimycotics, quaternary ammonium cations, a source of metal ions such as metal ion generating materials, triclosan, chlorhexidine or any other materials capable of generating an antimicrobial effect, and/or any other appropriate compound or mixtures thereof.
  • a layer of substantially non-permanent coating including an anti-microbial compound may be present on top of a layer of a substantially permanent coating including an anti-microbial compound.
  • the substantially permanent anti-microbial coating may be, for example, substantially flexible so that the coating substantially covers the working surfaces of the loading bearing structure during use even if the structure flexes. If the anti-microbial compound is not capable of forming a substantially flexible coating by itself, then a binding agent capable of forming a substantially flexible coating may be used to aid in the flexibility of the resulting coating.
  • Antimicrobial activity may be built into the surface 115 itself by, for example, covalently bonding antimicrobial agents to the surface of the polymeric layer, for example, sheet or coating 115, or if incorporated into the bulk of the material for making the polymeric layer, for example, sheet or sprayed coating, may migrate to the surface.
  • covalently bonded materials may act to minimize microbial growth on the surface, either disposable or reusable.
  • any microbial organisms that may chance to be attached to the material may be killed by interaction with the coating.
  • quaternary ammonium cations such as N-alkyl-pyridiniums, may be used as antimicrobial moieties in covalently attached polymeric surface coatings.
  • the source of metal ions may be an ion exchange resin.
  • Ion exchange resins are substances that carry ions in binding sites on the surfaces of the material. Ion exchange resins may be impregnated with particular ion species for which it has a given affinity. The ion exchange resin may be placed in an environment containing different ion species for which it has a generally higher affinity, causing the impregnated ions to leach into the environment, being replaced by the ion species originally present in the environment.
  • the polymeric layer for example, sheet or sprayed coating may include an ion exchange resin containing a metal ion source, such as, for example, silver.
  • Ion exchange resins containing metal ion sources may include, for example, Alphasan® (Milliken Chemical), which is a zirconium phosphate-based ceramic ion exchange resin containing silver.
  • An ion exchange resin may be coated onto the polymeric layer, for example, sheet or sprayed coating or it may be incorporated into the material of the sheet or sprayed coating, as discussed above.
  • a porous surface which may be a porous sheet substrate or surface of the core 115, for example, an expanded polystyrene core or polyurethane core, may be impregnated with a water based antimicrobial composition, having at least one polymeric carrier that may be in the form of an emulsion or dispersion and at least one substantially non-leaching antimicrobial component that is substantially free of
  • the porous substrate may or may not additionally be overcoated or protected with a film layer after being impregnated with the antimicrobial composition.
  • a non-porous sheet substrate 115 may be coated with a water based antimicrobial composition, having at least one polymeric carrier that may be in the form of an emulsion or dispersion and at least one substantially non-leaching
  • the surfaces of the porous materials impregnated with an antimicrobial composition may be non-porous after drying or setting and may perform as if it has been coated or covered with a thermoplastic sheet or layer mentioned above.
  • antimicrobial component that is substantially free of environmentally hazardous material may include sodium omadine, sodium borate, zinc omadine, zinc borate, calcium borate, barium metaborate, iodo alkynyl alkyl carbamates, diiodomethyl-p- tolylsulfone, 2-4-thiazolyl-benzimidaxole, 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, zinc
  • dimethyldithiocarbamate zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, potassium n-hydroxymethyl-n- methyldithiscarbamate, sodium 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 5-hydroxyemthoxymethyl-l-aza- 3,7-dioxa-bicyclooctane, 2,3,5,6-tetra-chloro-4-pyridine, zinc 2-pyridinethiol-l -oxide and N- trichloromethylthiophthalimide, tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, deltamethrin, fipronil, bifenthrin, chlorfenapyr, imidacloprid, and mixtures thereof.
  • metallic compounds are not used.
  • Non-leaching antimicrobial materials are, for example, materials with a very low volatility and very low water solubility such that it would only leach out to the extent sufficient to maintain an effective and uniform concentration throughout the exposed surface(s) of the antimicrobial article when its concentration thereon may be reduced due to its action against microorganisms.
  • the antimicrobial component may be selected not to be fugitive or migrating once being incorporated into the impregnated article, but to have a very low water solubility so that it may maintain an equilibrium concentration throughout the article on its surface(s) whenever the concentration reduction occurs due to the attack of the microbes.
  • the antimicrobial component may have a water solubility of, for example, from about 0.10 PPM to about 1.0 wt %, depending on each individual
  • a thin perforated sheet or barrier is spaced away from a thermoplastic sheet which forms a part of a mold and the polymer core fills the vacancy between the thermoplastic sheet and the mold surrounding the thin perforated sheet.
  • a thin perforated sheet or barrier is positioned inside a mold and the polymer core fills the mold surrounding the thin perforated sheet.
  • a lightweight mesh is embedded between the expanded polystyrene core and the high impact polystyrene sheet.
  • a lightweight mesh is embedded between the polyurethane core and the polyurea coating applied over the lightweight mesh.
  • the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is metallic.
  • the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is made of Kevlar. In a different embodiment the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is made of a basalt web blanket material. In a further embodiment the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is made of carbon fiber. In another embodiment the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is made of Formica. [00137] By imbedding mesh, a perforated sheet or a barrier within the core, the cargo container base, walls and top panel may not be simply punctured or pierced with items such as knives, chisels, crowbars or other such devices (i.e., puncture resistant).
  • the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier is made of a conducting material and is connected to a voltage supply such that contact with the surface of the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier will transmit an electric shock.
  • the electric shock may be controlled by a microprocessor to deliver one or more combinations of low voltage low current or high voltage low current shocks.
  • the microprocessor may be inserted in the core or positioned inside the cargo container and connected to the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier.
  • the voltage supply may be inserted in the core or positioned inside the cargo container and connected to the microprocessor circuit and the mesh, perforated sheet or barrier inside the cargo container.
  • the cargo container base is made of a polymer core in which either mesh, a perforated sheet or a barrier are imbedded.
  • the core may be combined with a thermoplastic sheet or the core may be injected into a mold in which the thermoplastic sheet forms a portion of the mold.
  • the cargo container walls and top panel may also be made of a core in which either mesh, a perforated sheet or a barrier are imbedded.
  • the reinforced materials are indistinguishable from the non-reinforced materials when subjected to visual inspection. In this way an opportunistic thief may not be certain how difficult it may be to gain entry to any given cargo container.
  • the cargo container exterior surfaces may be imprinted with information warning approximately safety and or theft protection measures required when handling the cargo container.
  • the cargo item its is own packaging with phase change in contact or in close proximity may also include a critical temperature indicator, which may be used to indicate if the temperature has been reached and thus if the integrity of the cargo item has been breached.
  • integrity it may mean effectiveness against a target, is not decomposed, or no adulteration of any form.
  • the indicator may be presented on the outside of the packaging material.
  • the indicator may be present in close proximity or in contact with the cargo item or inside the packaging material.
  • the indicator may be present somewhere on the inside of the cargo container 500, 600 or 800.
  • an indicator may include a device that operates on the principle that a mixture of two or more liquids may have a surface energy value incapable of wetting out a given surface, and may be made to wet out that surface if the temperature of the mixture is reduced sufficiently to solidify a portion of one of the liquids and thus alter the concentration of liquids in the mixture.
  • Example of such an indicating device is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,846,095, mentioned above and may include a microporous layer having a multiplicity of micropores therein and a mixture of at least two liquids incapable of wetting the sheet at a given temperature, but capable of wetting the sheet when the temperature of the mixture reaches a critical value, e.g. the freezing point of one of the liquids.
  • the microporous layer has a large number of voids that scatter transmitted light, making the layer appear opaque to the human eye. When the voids are filled with a material having substantially the same index of refraction as the material of the microporous layer, the transmitted light is not scattered by the layer, which results in making the layer transmissive to visible light.
  • both temperature and time can be critical. Some indicators may indicate time as well as temperature, such as those disclosed in U. S. Patent Nos. 5,667,303; 4,428,321; 3,954,011; 3962,920; 6,244,208; 6,435,128; 6,614,728; 6,916,116; and 6,950,028, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by referenced in their entirety.
  • a time-temperature indicator include a first substrate having a diffusely light-reflective porous matrix disposed thereon, and a second substrate having an amorphous material disposed thereon.
  • the porous matrix and the amorphous material When the porous matrix and the amorphous material are in contact with one another at or above a predetermined temperature, the amorphous material migrates into the porous matrix at a rate that increases with increasing temperature, providing a readable indication of cumulative time -temperature exposure.
  • the cargo containers 500, 600 and 800 may include pockets 125 for locating cargo item plus phase change material packages, similar to what has been discussed for phase change material pouches alone.
  • the interior may be further sealed from the exterior by wrapping cellulose film, polyvinyl chloride film, polyvinylidene chloride film, low density polyethylene film, linear low density polyethylene film and copolymer films that include polyisobutene and/or polyethylene -vinylacetate.
  • a Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tag is imbedded in the core of one or more of the dunnage platform, the first enclosure and second enclosure.
  • the RFID tag operates using an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) signal.
  • UHF Ultra High Frequency
  • the RFID tag operates using a microwave frequency signal.
  • the RFID tag is read only.
  • the RFID tag contains an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), which enables both read and write functions.
  • EPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • the RFID tag is passive.
  • the RFID tag is semi-passive containing a source of energy such as a battery to allow the tag to be constantly powered.
  • the RFID tag is active, containing an internal power source, such as a battery, which is used to power any Integrated Circuits (ICs) in the tag and generate the outgoing signal.
  • the tag has the ability to enable location sensing through a photo sensor.
  • means of communication with a base station is imbedded in one or more of the dunnage platform, the first enclosure and the second enclosure.
  • the communication means utilizes one or more of a wireless local area network; a wireless wide area network; a cellular network; a satellite network; a Wi-Fi network; and a pager network.
  • the device embedded is a modem capable of communicating with one or more of the aforementioned networks.
  • the term 'cellular modem' will be used to describe the device embedded.
  • the term 'cellular modem' will be herein used to identify any device of comparable size capable of communicating over one or more of the aforementioned networks.
  • the cellular modem may be a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modem.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • a RFID reader and associate integrated circuit processor are embedded together with the cellular modem in the spreader, the transporter base, the dispenser base, the reloading base and the material of the four walls.
  • the RFID tags and RFID reader are positioned to optimize the RFID read of the RFID tags from the other surfaces, which make up the dunnage platform bag.
  • the RFID reader is in communication with one or more RFID readers, associated cellular modems and the RFID tags of one or more cargo carriers in the vicinity of the RFID reader.
  • a RFID reader and associated integrated circuit processor is able to distinguish the RFID tag from cargo loaded in cargo carriers in the vicinity based on one or more of location, strength of signal, variation of RFID tag signal with position in the cargo carrier relative to the reader, variation of RFID tag signal with time and prior input data.
  • one or more antennae inserted into the cargo carrier are used to help discriminate the location of the cargo carriers.
  • the RFID reader and associate processor are in communication with the embedded cellular modem.
  • the cellular modem is in communication with a base station and may transmit one or more parameters selected from the group consisting of one or more RFID tag location, one or more RFID tag identification code, number of cargo carriers, cargo carrier information, previous cargo information, dunnage platform condition, enclosure condition, cargo carrier condition and time stamp.
  • the RFID code uses the IEEE format and is Electronic Product Code (EPC) readable.
  • EPC Electronic Product Code
  • UCC Universal Product Code
  • the format is compatible for EPC, European Article Number (EAN) and UPC read and write functions.
  • Various embodiments include a computer program product which is a storage medium (media) having instructions and/or information stored thereon/in which may be used to program a general purpose or specialized computing processor(s)/device(s) to perform any of the features presented herein.
  • the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: any type of physical media including floppy disks, optical discs, DVDs, CD-ROMs, micro drives, magneto-optical disks, holographic storage devices, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, PRAMS, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic or optical cards, nano-systems (including molecular memory ICs); paper or paper-based media; and any type of media or device suitable for storing instructions and/or information.
  • any type of physical media including floppy disks, optical discs, DVDs, CD-ROMs, micro drives, magneto-optical disks, holographic storage devices, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, DRAMs, PRAMS, VRAMs, flash memory devices, magnetic or optical cards, nano-systems (including molecular memory ICs); paper or paper-based media; and any type of media or device suitable for storing instructions and/or information.
  • Various embodiments include a computer program product that may be transmitted in whole or in parts and over one or more public and/or private networks wherein the transmission includes instructions and/or information, which may be used by one or more processors to perform any of the features, presented herein.
  • the transmission may include a plurality of separate transmissions.
  • the present disclosure includes software for controlling both the hardware of general purpose/specialized computer(s) and/or processor(s), and for enabling the computer(s) and/or processor(s) to interact with a human user or other mechanism utilizing the results of the present invention.
  • Such software may include, but is not limited to, device drivers, operating systems, execution environments/containers, user interfaces and applications.
  • the execution of code may be direct or indirect.
  • the code may include compiled, interpreted and other types of languages. Unless otherwise limited by claim language, the execution and/or transmission of code and/or code segments for a function may include invocations or calls to other software or devices, local or remote, to do the function.
  • the invocations or calls may include invocations or calls to library modules, device drivers and remote software to do the function.
  • the invocations or calls may include invocations or calls in distributed and client/server systems.
  • a cargo container for insulating and transporting and/or storage of cargo may include a first structure having a load bearing portion and at least a first wall, at least one of the load bearing structure and at least one wall may include at least a first core and a first thermoplastic layer surrounding the first core; and a second structure having a top portion and at least a second wall, at least one of said top and at least one wall may include at least a second core and at least a second thermoplastic layer surrounding the second core; such that at least one of the load bearing portion, first and second wall and top portion includes at least one phase change material to insulate the cargo for climate control.
  • the phase change material may be compounded into a composite, mixed or encapsulated.
  • the encapsulated material may be particularly suited for dispersing with any of the core.
  • any tracking system may also help to monitor the cargo's integrity after packing and prior to security check.
  • the bag-like material 70 may be closed on three sides and opened at one end, with the open end having some elastic property circumferentially about the opening.
  • the cargo may be packed and the bag-like material 70 stretched over the entire cargo with the open end stretched under the edge of base and tagged at the origin and the complete structure may be shrink-wrapped.
  • the surfaces of the bag-like material may also have anti-microbial properties.
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • MDPE medium density polyethylene
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • VLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • ULDPE ULDPE
  • copolymers of monoolefms and diolefms with one another or with other vinyl monomers e.g.
  • polystyrene poly(p-methylstyrene), poly(alpha-methylstyrene); polyamides and co-polyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and/or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams, for example polyamide 4, polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, 6/10, 6/9, 6/12, 4/6, 12/12, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides starting from m- xylenediamine and adipic acid; polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic and terephthalic acid as starting materials and with or without an elastomer as a modifier, for example poly-2,4,4-trimethylhexamethyleneterephthal-amide or poly-
  • the bag-like enclosure may be porous sheeting material and may include various woven or non-woven fiberglass, Brattice cloth, cotton and other fabrics, heavy weight paper, light weight wire mesh, ceramic cloths, or polymeric material, such as, some synthetics, e.g., various woven or non-woven polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, Nylon, synthetic fiber blend, etc. an emulsion or dispersion of a film-forming polymer that has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of from about -70. degree. F. (about -57. degree. C.) to about 140. degree. F. (about 60. degree. C). Wire mesh and other metallic materials may not suitable for facilitating security check.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • a suitable material may also be a fibrous nonwoven web formed from any blow microfibers.
  • Suitable for blown microfibers may include semicrystalline polymers such as high and low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, poly(vinylidine fluoride), poly(methyl pentene), poly(ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene), poly(vinyl fluoride), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylene terephthalate), nylon 6, nylon 66, polybutene, and thermotropic liquid crystal polymers.
  • polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene that are readily available at low cost and can provide highly desirable properties in the microfibrillated articles such as high modulus and high tensile strength.
  • multicomponent fibers having an adhesive component region may also be suitable.
  • the bag-like enclosure 70 may have at least some stretchability.
  • Non- woven materials may in general be made to be stretchable.
  • a general example of a suitable material may include heat and/or pressure treated, non-woven, high density polyethylene materials, such as Tyvek®, available from DuPont, which may also exhibit other desirable properties such as, for example, water resistance, breathability, resistance to tearing and/or other properties.
  • the elastic property of the opening may be imparted through thermal treatment or attachment of an additional elastic material, either by welding, heating sealing, using an adhesive or by sewing.
  • a gathered fibrous nonwoven web possessing elastic characteristics may be used for imparting the elastic property to the opening.
  • the fibrous nonwoven gathered web may be formed, in a gatherable condition, directly onto an extendable and contractible forming surface while the forming surface is maintained in the extended condition.
  • the extendable and contractible forming surface may be a nonwoven elastic web such as, for example, a fibrous nonwoven elastic web.
  • the extendable and contractible forming surface may be a extendable and contractible mesh screen forming surface.
  • stretchable material may be stretchable nonwoven webs based on multi-layer blown micro fibers, such as those described in U. S. Patent No. 5,238,733, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • breathable materials For helping to keep the cargo fresh, breathable materials may be used. Breathable materials that are also moisture impervious may also be desirable.
  • One example of the material may be a multicomponent film structure, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent no. 5447783, or a non-woven fabric laminate, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5482765, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the porous material of the bag-like enclosure 70 may be impregnated with impregnated with a water based antimicrobial composition, having at least one polymeric carrier that may be in the form of an emulsion or dispersion and at least one substantially non-leaching antimicrobial component that is substantially free of environmentally hazardous material, as mentioned above.
  • the porous substrate mayor may not be overcoated or protected with a film layer.
  • Protective or overcoating may be desirable for bag-like enclosures.
  • the bag-like enclosure may include a protective or overcoating layer if it is porous.
  • the protective or overcoating layer may also be moisture impervious and/or breathable.
  • impervious layers may be found in U.S. Patent no. 7,699,826, as disclosed above, the content of which is incorporated hereby by reference in its entirety.
  • Breathable packaging material as disclosed above, may be a multicomponent film structure, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent no. 5447783, or a non-woven fabric laminate, such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5482765, or a breathable film layer as disclosed in 6,432,547, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • Biodegradable, breathable enclosures may also be useful and example is disclosed in U.S. patent no. 7,910,645, the contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the cargo containers may also include a desiccant to control the humidity of the interior.
  • the cargo may be further sealed from the exterior by wrapping, as noted above, with similar film material mentioned before, or may also be shrink-wrapped, if desired, to further protect the integrity of the content from tampering to further facilitate security check, to keep the cargo fresh for cold chain cargos, and/or to minimize tampering or introduction of any foreign objects after packing.
  • the bag-like material may be made of a material that is not easily tearable or damaged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un conteneur de chargement qui est de faible poids, qui est robuste, qui forme une barrière vis-à-vis de la lumière ultraviolette, des intempéries/des particules de poussière, et qui régule la climatisation à l'intérieur du conteneur de chargement de façon à protéger l'intégrité du chargement.
PCT/US2012/046828 2011-07-15 2012-07-15 Conteneur de chargement à régulation de climatisation pour stocker, transporter et préserver un chargement Ceased WO2013012762A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

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US201161508425P 2011-07-15 2011-07-15
US61/508,425 2011-07-15
US201161551323P 2011-10-25 2011-10-25
US201161551340P 2011-10-25 2011-10-25
US61/551,323 2011-10-25
US61/551,340 2011-10-25
US201261590323P 2012-01-24 2012-01-24
US61/590,323 2012-01-24

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