WO2013017876A1 - Aide à la validation d'un équipement de mesure - Google Patents

Aide à la validation d'un équipement de mesure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013017876A1
WO2013017876A1 PCT/GB2012/051861 GB2012051861W WO2013017876A1 WO 2013017876 A1 WO2013017876 A1 WO 2013017876A1 GB 2012051861 W GB2012051861 W GB 2012051861W WO 2013017876 A1 WO2013017876 A1 WO 2013017876A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
descriptive statistic
measurement equipment
flow
fluid
batch
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2012/051861
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English (en)
Inventor
Stevan ROBY
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Sr Controls Ltd
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Sr Controls Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2013017876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013017876A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
    • G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
    • G01F25/13—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters using a reference counter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
    • G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F25/00—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
    • G01F25/10—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters
    • G01F25/15—Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume of flowmeters specially adapted for gas meters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aid in validating flow measurement equipment.
  • the invention is of particular use in hydrocarbon flow measurement and metering, but is also useful for other applications, such as water and chemical measurement and metering.
  • Accurate flow measurement is desired in many fields, including chemical manufacture, water supply and energy supply. Having an accurate flow measurement system allows users to be confident of the amount of material transferred, which is important for product quality, billing and taxation purposes. In some fields, particularly energy supply, high accuracy is very important due to the relative expense of the material being transferred.
  • hydrocarbon (oil and gas) transfer needs to be very accurately measured.
  • hydrocarbon (oil and gas) transfer needs to be very accurately measured.
  • recent global C02 emission legislation has also created a second need to require accurate metering validation to reduce commercial risk.
  • current validation procedures have some disadvantages. For example, current validation procedures: a) require the pipeline to be put into maintenance mode (i.e. they have to be done Offline'); b) require specialist technicians and engineers; c) are labour intensive; d) require logging of validation results by hand which are prone to error; e) require manual checking of flowcomputer parameters; f) require manual calculation checks using keypad data, which are again prone to error; g) require many different individual tests to meet standards.
  • validation procedures are very intrusive, costly, raise health and safety issues in carrying them out and are prone to human error.
  • the invention aims to provide one or more of a more accurate, more reliable, cheaper and more frequently used process for validating flow measurement equipment without having to put the metering stream into an off-line status.
  • an apparatus for validating flow measurement equipment comprising: a validation module configured to receive data representing a primary characteristic of a hydrocarbon fluid such as oil or gas flowing in a pipeline; wherein the validation module is configured to calculate a descriptive statistic of the data over a batch, and to compare the descriptive statistic with another descriptive statistic calculated separately to obtain a deviation value.
  • the descriptive statistic and the another descriptive statistic are each an arithmetic mean of the data over the batch.
  • the arithmetic mean is one of a time-weighted mean, a flow-weighted mean and a time-flow weighted mean.
  • the validation module may be configured to receive other data separately representing the primary characteristic of the fluid; and to calculate over the batch a second descriptive statistic of the primary characteristic which acts as the another descriptive statistic.
  • the validation module is arranged to receive the data representing a primary characteristic of a fluid flowing in a pipeline from first measurement equipment and is arranged to receive data separately representing the same primary characteristic of the fluid from second measurement equipment.
  • the second measurement equipment is calibrated against standards higher than standards used to calibrate the first measurement equipment so that the second meter is a master meter and the another descriptive statistic is used as a standard by which to judge the first descriptive statistic.
  • the validation module is configured to receive data representing at least two primary characteristics of the fluid, and the validation module is arranged to determine a descriptive statistic for each primary characteristic and to compare each descriptive statistic with a corresponding other descriptive statistic derived separately to create corresponding deviation values and to compare each deviation value against a corresponding benchmark value.
  • a secondary characteristic of the fluid may be derived from the or each primary characteristic, and the validation module is arranged to determine a descriptive statistic for the or each secondary characteristic and to compare the or each descriptive statistic with another corresponding descriptive statistic derived separately to create corresponding deviation values and to compare each deviation against a corresponding benchmark value.
  • the or each primary characteristic of the fluid comprises one or more of a turbine frequency, a temperature and a pressure.
  • the or each secondary characteristic of the fluid comprises one or more of a flow rate and an energy content.
  • a method of validating flow measurement equipment comprising:
  • (c) comparing the descriptive statistic with another descriptive statistic to obtain a deviation value.
  • the method comprises receiving other data separately representing the primary characteristic of the fluid; and calculating a second descriptive statistic of the primary characteristic over the batch which acts as the another descriptive statistic.
  • a computer readable recording medium having recorded thereon instructions for performing the method of the paragraphs immediately above.
  • Fig.1 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig.2 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.3 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.4 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.5 is a flow chart outlining a method in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing deviations plotted for multiple batches.
  • Fig.l is a schematic view of a system 10 for validating flow measurement equipment 30 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 10 comprises a pipeline 20 though which natural gas flows into a power station.
  • Measurement equipment 30 is installed in the pipeline 20 to measure the amount of natural gas, and hence energy, flowing through the pipeline 20 into the power station.
  • the measurement equipment 30 comprises a flow metering system, or flow meter, 32 arranged to measure primary characteristics of the amount of natural gas flowing in the pipeline 20.
  • the flow meter 32 is a turbine flow meter and measures turbine frequency (Hz) and additional instrumentation measures the temperature (degC) and pressure (barg) of the natural gas.
  • the flow meter system 32 is configured to output the three main primary characteristics via a data connection 34, which may be a discrete or digital data connection or a combination of both. Temperature and pressure are measured and output via a discrete 4-20 mA or digital data connection 34. Other gas characteristics (i.e. gas composition) may also be available over the data connection 34.
  • the flow metering system comprises the following components:
  • the measurement equipment 30 also comprises a flow computer 36 arranged to receive the primary characteristics via the data connection 34.
  • the flow computer is arranged to translate the primary characteristics into secondary characteristics representative of the amount of gas flowing through the pipeline 20.
  • the flow computer 36 is programmed with one or more algorithms using equations and constants to create the secondary characteristics as would be known to a person skilled in the field of flow measurement.
  • the flow computer 36 is configured to output the primary and secondary characteristics, collectively referred to as measurement equipment outputs, via a flow computer output data connection 38, which may be a discrete or digital data connection.
  • the flow computer 36 is a FloBoss S600 by Emerson Process Management.
  • the flow computer is programmed to calculate and output the following secondary characteristics relating to the instantaneous properties of natural gas flowing in the pipeline, as an example:
  • secondary characteristics are characteristics derived using one or more primary characteristics.
  • the system 10 comprises a validation module 50 which is arranged to receive data representing the measurement equipment outputs from the flow computer 36 via the flow computer output data connection 38.
  • a validation module 50 which is arranged to receive data representing the measurement equipment outputs from the flow computer 36 via the flow computer output data connection 38.
  • the validation module 50 is configured to calculate a descriptive statistic, in this case an arithmetic mean of the data over a batch, and to compare the arithmetic mean with another descriptive statistic, again in this case an arithmetic mean, calculated separately to obtain a deviation value.
  • the deviation value may be subsequently compared against a benchmark value to determine a validation state of the measurement equipment 30.
  • batch means a time period over which fluid flow is measured in the pipeline 20 while still online.
  • the another descriptive statistic is calculated by the validation module 50 over the same batch period using the output data received over connection 38.
  • the difference between the arithmetic means calculated respectively by the flowcomputer 36 and the validation module 50 is used as the deviation value over the same batch period.
  • the validation module 50 is configured to output the deviation value via data connection 52 and/or via a user interface (not shown).
  • the validation module 50 may also output the comparison result of the deviation and the benchmark, and also the measurement equipment outputs.
  • the deviation value can be used to determine any drift in the performance of the measurement equipment 30.
  • the system 10 is able to perform in whole or part a validation procedure while online, reducing disruption to the supply of natural gas flowing through the pipeline 20, reducing labour costs, reducing reliability issues, and allowing for validation to be conducted more frequently, thereby increasing confidence in the accuracy of the measurement equipment and increasing certainty as to the amount of fluid transferred.
  • the turbine frequency of the flow meter 32 was measured over a batch starting on 17 March 2011 at 15:52:42 and finishing on 28 March 2011 at 13:32:01 and the arithmetic mean was calculated to be 141.838 Hz over the batch.
  • the arithmetic mean of the turbine frequency derived at the flowcomputer 36 was compared with an equivalent arithmetic mean of the turbine frequency taken at the validation module 50 during the same batch period.
  • the arithmetic mean was 141.310 Hz, giving a deviation value of - 0.372 %.
  • the benchmark value in this case was +- 1.000 % and so the measurement equipment 30 was deemed to pass the validation procedure.
  • Fig.2 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.2 shows a modified version of the system 10 of Fig.1 and like reference signs have been used for like components. Only the differences are described.
  • the flow meter 32 is able to produce two separate and independent measurements of one or more primary characteristics of the fluid. For this reason, there are two outputs from the flow computer 32 which are output over separate discrete or digital data connections 34a, 34b. Data connections 34a, 34b replace the single data connection 34 of Fig.1 for illustrative purposes and a single data connection could be used.
  • the flow computer 36 is arranged to receive both sets of independent primary characteristics and is configured to produce secondary characteristics for each in the same way as described in relation to Fig.1.
  • the validation module 50 is configured to receive data representing the measurement equipment outputs from the flow computer 36 which separately represent the two independently measured primary characteristics of the fluid, and is arranged to calculate over the same batch a first descriptive statistic and a second descriptive statistic of the data which acts as the another descriptive statistic mentioned previously in relation to Fig.1.
  • the deviation value is calculated by comparing the first descriptive value and the second descriptive value.
  • the mass flow rate of the flow meter 32 was measured over a batch starting on 17 March 2011 at 15:52:42 and finishing on 28 March 2011 at 13:32:01 and the first arithmetic mean was calculated to be 44.862 tonnes/hour over the batch.
  • the arithmetic mean of the mass flow rate was compared with the second arithmetic mean of the mass flow rate taken during the same batch.
  • the second arithmetic mean was 44.814 tonnes/hour, giving a deviation value of -0.107 %.
  • the benchmark value in this case was +-0.700 % and so the measurement equipment 30 was deemed to pass the validation procedure.
  • Fig.3 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.3 shows a modified version of the system 10 of Figs.1 and 2 and like reference signs have been used for like components. Only the differences are described.
  • there are two flow computers 36a, 36b which are each arranged to receive the primary characteristics of the fluid in the pipeline 20 from the flow meter 32 via data connection 34 in the same way as described with reference to Fig.1.
  • the flow computers 36a, 36b are configured to produce two separate and independent sets of secondary characteristics from the same set of primary characteristics.
  • Each flow computer has a respective flow computer data output connections 38a, 38b.
  • the validation module 50 is configured to receive data representing the measurement equipment outputs from each flow computer 36a, 36b which separately represent the two independently calculated secondary characteristics of the fluid, and is arranged to calculate over the same batch a first descriptive statistic and a second descriptive statistic of the data which acts as the another descriptive statistic mentioned previously in relation to Fig.1.
  • the total mass of natural gas flowing through the flow meter 32 was calculated from arithmetic mean values of the primary characteristics measured over a batch starting on 17 March 2011 at 15:52:42 and finishing on 28 March 2011 at 13:32:01
  • the first total mass was calculated based on data from the first flow computer 36a and was 847.77 tonnes over the batch.
  • the second total mass was calculated based on data from the second flow computer 36b and was 847.07 tonnes over the same batch.
  • the first total mass was compared with the second total mass taken during the same batch to give a deviation value of -0.08 %.
  • the benchmark value in this case was +- 0.07 % and so the measurement equipment 30 was deemed to fail the validation procedure.
  • Fig.4 is a schematic view of a system in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig.4 shows a modified version of the system 10 of Figs. l, 2 and 3 and like reference signs have been used for like components. Only the differences are described.
  • the system further comprises a second measurement equipment 40 in addition to the measurement equipment 30 described earlier.
  • the second measurement equipment 40 comprises a second flow meter system 42 arranged in series with the flow meter 32 in the pipeline 20.
  • the second flow meter system 42 in this example is also a turbine meter of the same type (but does not need to be the same type) as the flow meter 32 of Fig.l and is arranged to measure primary characteristics of the natural gas flowing in the pipeline 20.
  • the second measurement equipment 40 comprises a data connection 44, flow computer 46 and flow computer output data connection 48 arranged in the same way as the measurement equipment described with reference to Fig.l .
  • the validation module 50 is configured to receive data representing the measurement equipment outputs from each flow computer 36, 46 which each represent the two independently measured primary characteristics and two independently calculated secondary characteristics of the fluid, respectively.
  • the validation module is configured to calculate first and second descriptive statistics from each of the two data sets and to compare the results to obtain one or more deviation values.
  • the second measurement equipment 40 is calibrated against standards higher than standards used to calibrate the first measurement equipment 30 so that the second measurement equipment is a master.
  • the deviation from the master can be calculated.
  • the master can be switched into and out of the pipeline 20, in this case a production pipeline, without stopping flow.
  • the benchmark value or values are determined from overall uncertainty requirements, and include the performance of the relevant ones of the primary meter, secondary instrumentation, signal interface to electronics, flow computer signal conversion and flow computer calculations.
  • an overall system uncertainty requirement is +/- 1% for volume and mass, and +/- 1.1 % for energy and is derived from ISO 5168 R.S.S (root sum squared) developed by the applicant for pulse/frequency primary meters.
  • the validation module 50 of the above embodiments is arranged to output validation reports and to store a data base of validation reports, trends and other results. Reports are generally stored in the comma-separated value (CSV) file format or other suitable format.
  • CSV comma-separated value
  • Fig.5 is a flow chart outlining a method in accordance with the invention. The method comprises the following main steps:
  • S500 receiving data describing a primary characteristic of a fluid flowing in a pipeline.
  • the method comprises receiving other data separately representing the primary characteristic of the fluid; and calculating a second descriptive statistic of the primary characteristic over the batch which acts as the another descriptive statistic.
  • the method also comprises comparing the deviation value against a reference value.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing deviations plotted for multiple batches.
  • the x-axis is representative of each batch number ranging from 1 to 11
  • the j-axis is representative of the percentage error between the energy flow rate calculated by the first measurement equipment 30, or a meter under test, when compared against the same measurement from the second measurement equipment 40, or master meter.
  • two flow computers are used to process the primary data from the first measurement equipment 30, namely first flow computer FC-A and second flow computer FC-B.
  • the percentage error between the first measurement equipment 30 and the second measurement equipment 40 is no worse than -0.2% for batches 2 to 1 1.
  • the first batch has an error of -0.5% which is probably explained by the need to set up the equipment.
  • Fig. 6 The trend shown in Fig. 6 can be very useful for setting appropriate benchmarks when comparing deviation between a meter under test, in this example the first measurement equipment 30, and a master meter, in this example the second measurement equipment 40.
  • a benchmark setting of an error percentage of -0.2% would seem appropriate as a maximum limit which if exceeded would trigger some remedial action, such as the calibration of the system.
  • the invention is applicable to other types of hydrocarbon fluid flow or another chemical fluid flow.
  • the invention could be applied to the measurement of flow of oxygen or other gaseous substances, oil, water, chemicals and other liquid substances.
  • the invention is particularly desirable for hydrocarbon measurement due to the relative high value and taxation status of hydrocarbons.
  • the embodiments are described in the context of a turbine flow meter, the principles are applicable to other types of flow meter including mechanical type flow meters, pressure-based flow meters, optical flow meters, thermal mass flow meters, vortex flow meters, electromagnet, ultrasonic and Coriolis flow meters and laser Doppler flow meters. Of those listed, ultrasonic flow meters are particularly useful for measuring gas at high accuracy.
  • the validation module (50) may be implemented in hardware or software and may be located within one or more flow computers (36,46) or within a process control system such as a human machine interface (HMI) of a SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition).
  • HMI human machine interface
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • the validation module (50) is particularly suited to implementation as a PC based software package written in C++ or other suitable programming language, sitting on an industrial PC hardware platform running Microsoft Windows (RTM) or equivalent.
  • the validation module (50) is designed to interface with the measurement equipment via suitable communication protocols and standards such as Ethernet, Modbus and TCP/IP.
  • suitable communication protocols and standards such as Ethernet, Modbus and TCP/IP.
  • Ethernet, Modbus and TCP/IP suitable communication protocols and standards
  • the arithmetic mean has been used to summarise the data for the purposes of deviation analysis.
  • other descriptive statistics could be used, such as the median and the mode, or other statistics such as standard deviation.
  • the arithmetic mean may be one of a time-weighted mean and a flow-weighted mean
  • the time-weighted mean ensures that the concentration in each sample (if different) is weighted by the period of time the sample represents.
  • the flow-weighted mean ensures that the concentration in each sample is weighted by both the time and the flow that accompanied the sample.
  • the described system ensures that only few changes are made to existing metering systems and is very easy to install.
  • the described system also allows the meter calibration methodology to remain the same as before. Existing metering system is also ring-fenced and independent from the validation system. Live on-line flow metering validation data is available from the described system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil d'aide à la validation d'un équipement de mesure de débit (30). L'appareil comprend un module de validation (50) configuré pour recevoir des données représentant une caractéristique primaire d'un fluide qui s'écoule dans une conduite (20). Le module de validation (50) est configuré pour calculer une statistique descriptive des données sur un lot, et pour comparer cette statistique descriptive à une autre statistique descriptive calculée séparément afin d'obtenir une valeur d'écart.
PCT/GB2012/051861 2011-08-02 2012-08-01 Aide à la validation d'un équipement de mesure Ceased WO2013017876A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1113293.3A GB2493368A (en) 2011-08-02 2011-08-02 Validating flow measurement equipment by comparing two separately calculated descriptive statistics
GB1113293.3 2011-08-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013017876A1 true WO2013017876A1 (fr) 2013-02-07

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112946167A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-11 成都秦川物联网科技股份有限公司 基于色谱和超声波的能量计量感知控制方法和系统
US11796528B2 (en) 2021-02-04 2023-10-24 Chengdu Qinchuan Iot Technology Co., Ltd. Method and system for measuring energy of natural gas

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998033043A1 (fr) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-30 American Meter Company Debitmetre de turbine a gaz
WO2000058696A1 (fr) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 Micro Motion, Inc. Systeme d'etalonnage de debitmetre et technique d'optimisation statistique
DE10312620A1 (de) * 2003-03-22 2004-10-07 Imeter B.V. Elektronischer Turbinenradgaszähler

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006242748A (ja) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Hitachi Ltd 発熱抵抗体式空気流量測定装置およびその計測誤差補正方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998033043A1 (fr) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-30 American Meter Company Debitmetre de turbine a gaz
WO2000058696A1 (fr) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 Micro Motion, Inc. Systeme d'etalonnage de debitmetre et technique d'optimisation statistique
DE10312620A1 (de) * 2003-03-22 2004-10-07 Imeter B.V. Elektronischer Turbinenradgaszähler

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112946167A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-11 成都秦川物联网科技股份有限公司 基于色谱和超声波的能量计量感知控制方法和系统
CN112946167B (zh) * 2021-02-04 2022-05-27 成都秦川物联网科技股份有限公司 基于色谱和超声波的能量计量感知控制方法和系统
US11796528B2 (en) 2021-02-04 2023-10-24 Chengdu Qinchuan Iot Technology Co., Ltd. Method and system for measuring energy of natural gas
US12153037B2 (en) 2021-02-04 2024-11-26 Chengdu Qinchuan Iot Technology Co., Ltd. Method and system for measuring energy of natural gas based on reduced data deviation

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GB2493368A (en) 2013-02-06

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