WO2013080078A2 - Appareil, module, dispositif et procédé pour cisailler des objets - Google Patents

Appareil, module, dispositif et procédé pour cisailler des objets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013080078A2
WO2013080078A2 PCT/IB2012/056443 IB2012056443W WO2013080078A2 WO 2013080078 A2 WO2013080078 A2 WO 2013080078A2 IB 2012056443 W IB2012056443 W IB 2012056443W WO 2013080078 A2 WO2013080078 A2 WO 2013080078A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
primary axis
shearing
movable shearing
previous
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2012/056443
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013080078A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Hall
David MUDIE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DPIR Ltd
Original Assignee
DPIR Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DPIR Ltd filed Critical DPIR Ltd
Priority to US14/361,154 priority Critical patent/US20140290949A1/en
Priority to EP12808491.0A priority patent/EP2785961A2/fr
Publication of WO2013080078A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013080078A2/fr
Publication of WO2013080078A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013080078A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/08—Cutting or deforming pipes to control fluid flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
    • E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
    • E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
    • E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to an apparatus, module and device for shearing.
  • certain embodiments relate to an apparatus, module, device and method suitable for use down boreholes or wellbores of oil, gas or geothermal wells, wherein the apparatus configured to be inserted therein to remotely shear objects passing through the apparatus such as tubing and/or wirelines.
  • PCE Surface Pressure Control Equipment
  • BOP surface Blow Out Preventers
  • Subsea safety tools such as a Sub Sea Test Tree (SSTT) are either unable to cut/shear larger size coil tubing passing therethrough (for example coil tubing whose external diameter is greater than 2 inches / 50.8 mm) or are prone to sustaining damage to their sealing faces when attempting to cut coil tubing of such a diameter. If the subsea safety tool is unable to sever the coil tubing, there is no ability to pull the coil tubing out of the landing string before master valves, e.g. in the PCE or BOP are closed. If damaged is sustained due to forces applied to the SSTT during a shearing process, this might compromises the sealing integrity of the SSTT which is one of its primary functions.
  • SSTT Sub Sea Test Tree
  • an apparatus for shearing wherein the apparatus is configured for insertion into a borehole, the apparatus comprising: a primary axis; a movable shearing means; and a deflecting means; and wherein the deflecting means and the movable shearing means are mutually configured such that, when the movable shearing means is driven by a driving force in a direction parallel to the primary axis, the movable shearing means slides along the deflecting means and at least a portion of the movable shearing means is deflected in a direction towards to the primary axis.
  • a method comprising: inserting into a borehole an apparatus for shearing, the apparatus comprising: a primary axis; a movable shearing means; and deflecting means; driving the movable shearing means by a driving force in a direction parallel to the primary axis; sliding the driven movable shearing means along the deflecting means; and deflecting a ⁇ least a portion of the driven movable shearing means from the deflecting means in a direction towards the primary axis.
  • an apparatus comprising:
  • a first member comprising an aperture therethrough defining a primary axis through the first member
  • the first member is configured such that, when the at least one movable shearing member is driven by a driving force in a direction parallel to the primary axis, the at least one movable shearing member is guided by the first member in a direction towards the aperture.
  • the shearing members are driven by a linear actuator which is aligned parallel to the primary axis, i.e. in use in a typical well bore, aligned vertically and parallel to the well bore.
  • the vertical motion of the shearing members is at least partly transferred to motion in a perpendicular direction, e.g. horizontal motion towards a centre of the apparatus, by a deflection means/guiding member which re-directs at least part of the vertical motion to sideways motion such that the shearing members shear objects, such as coil tubing or wireline, located within the centre of the apparatus.
  • a driving means aligned with the primary axis of the apparatus i.e.
  • an apparatus may comprise a module of a subsea landing string.
  • an apparatus positioned at the lower end/bottom of such a landing string would enable cutting of objects passing within the landing string such as coil tubing and the disconnecting of the landing string allowing removal of the upper sections of the landing string and riser.
  • allowing the removal of the objects within the landing string protects the integrity of safety valves located above the apparatus which do not have to, themselves, close around and sever the objects within the landing string.
  • guiding means comprising a passage therethrough defining a primary axis through the apparatus
  • the apparatus may be implemented in a module, such as a component of a landing string.
  • the apparatus may be configured for use in a borehole or wellbore.
  • the apparatus may be implemented in a device, such as a shear ram tool, a pressure control equipment (PCE), a surface test tree (STT), a subsea test tree (SSTT), a blow out preventer (BOP), a string run into an oil / gas / geothermal well or a sub-sea landing string component.
  • PCE pressure control equipment
  • STT surface test tree
  • SSTT subsea test tree
  • BOP blow out preventer
  • the Figures illustrate an apparatus 100 comprising:
  • a deflecting means/first member 101 comprising an aperture 102 therethrough defining a primary axis 103 through the first member;
  • At least one movable shearing member 104, 105 At least one movable shearing member 104, 105;
  • Fig 1 A schematically illustrates a side on view of an embodiment of the invention in a first state
  • Fig 1 B schematically illustrates a side on view of the embodiment of Fig 1 A in a second state
  • Fig 2A schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Fig 1 A along the line A- A
  • Fig 2B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Fig 1 B along the line B-B;
  • FIG. 3A to 3C schematically illustrate side on views of further embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 4A schematically illustrates a side on view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig 4B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Fig 4A along the line A-A;
  • Fig 5A schematically illustrates a side on view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig 5B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Fig 5A along the line A-A;
  • Fig 6 schematically illustrates a side on view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the first member 101 may correspond to a deflecting means or guiding means which comprises a passage 102 therethrough that defines a primary axis through the apparatus 100.
  • the at least one movable shearing member 104 105 may correspond to at least one movable shearing means.
  • the deflecting means 101 may be configured such that, when the at least one movable shearing means is driven by a driving force in a direction parallel to the primary axis, the at least one movable shearing means slides along and is deflected by the deflecting means in a direction towards the passage.
  • the first member 101 is annular and has an outer diameter 108 and an inner diameter 109.
  • the inner diameter defines the central aperture of the first member.
  • the apparatus is configured such that, in a first state, a passage is provided through the apparatus parallel to the primary axis through which objects, such as coil tubing 1 1 1 , wireline and/or fluids may pass.
  • An inner surface 1 10 of the first member, located between the outer and inner diameters, is shaped so as to be able to receive a first movable shearing member 104.
  • the inner surface is shaped such that when the first movable shearing member is driven in a direction parallel to the primary axis towards the inner surface, the first moveable shearing member glances from the inner surface towards the centre of the aperture in the direction 107 substantially perpendicular to the primary axis.
  • a further inner surface of the first member is shaped so as to receive a second movable shearing member 105 and to deflect/glance the movable shearing member along the inner surface in a direction towards the centre of the aperture when driven in a direction parallel to the primary axis.
  • a driving force 10 ⁇ in a direction parallel to the primary axis is provided to each of the shearing members. This driving force is provided by driving means (not shown in Figs 1 A and 1 B but is described below and shown in Fig 4A and 5A) .
  • Fig 1 A shows the apparatus in a first operational state in which the shearing members are located outside of the aperture and outside of the passage through the apparatus, such that the apparatus 100 is hollow with the passage therethrough enabling objects and fluids to pass through the apparatus.
  • Fig I B shows the apparatus in a second operational state in which the shearing members have been provided with a force in a (vertical) direction parallel to the primary axis which causes the shearing members to move in the vertical direction.
  • the shape of the inner surface causes the shearing members to glance therefrom and to rotate and move inwards in a direction towards the centre of the aperture and passage.
  • the opposingly located shearing members are thereby moved towards one another until their shearing edges abut one another (alternatively, the shearing members may be configured such that they overlap one another) so that an object located within the aperture/passage is sheared by the shearing members.
  • an object such as coil tubing 1 1 1 or wireline may be located within the aperture.
  • a tube 1 1 1 within the passage having an outer diameter greater than 2", 50.8 mm and a wall thickness of greater than 0.157" 3.99 mm could be cut.
  • a tube with an outer diameter of 3 1 ⁇ 2", 88.9 mm and a wall thickness of 0.2" 5.08 mm could be cut with embodiments of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the invention could be configured to shear tubing having a wall thickness of less than: 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm or 7 mm.
  • the object may be extracted.
  • the apparatus is used down hole in an oil or gas well and coil tubing is passed through the apparatus. Following a shearing process, the coil tubing above the shearing point can be extracted and removed.
  • the apparatus is used in a landing string located below an SSTT within a BOP, i.e. such that the apparatus is located below safety valves of the SSTT and BOP, the apparatus enables the coil tubing to be severed and pulled upwards through the safety valves before their closure which preserves the integrity of the safety valves.
  • the apparatus consists of only two movable shearing members.
  • the first movable shearing member is located at one side of the aperture and passage through the apparatus and a second movable shearing member located substantially at an opposite side of the aperture and passage.
  • the apparatus is configured such that at least a part of the two movable shearing members are moved towards each other.
  • opposing forces in a (horizontal) direction perpendicular to the primary axis on either side of the first member generated during the shearing process cancel one another out.
  • the resultant force in a left direction on the first member due to the force in a right direction on the first movable shearing member is cancelled out by the opposing resultant force in a right direction on the first member due to the force in a left direction on the second movable shearing member.
  • Such an arrangement means that no extraneous horizontal forces, i.e. forces perpendicular to the primary axis are present or transmitted to other parts of the apparatus, such as an external pressure bearing housing (not shown) .
  • Certain embodiments of the invention include a housing and means for coupling the apparatus to other devices, such as modules in a landing string.
  • the above mentioned configuration avoids horizontal forces being transmitted to the housing during a shearing operation, which might otherwise compromise the coupling and sealing integrity between the apparatus and a device to which is it attached. Accordingly, certain embodiments of the invention seek to maintain a reliable and secure coupling between devices and the apparatus's housing.
  • Fig 2A schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the apparatus 100 of Fig 1 A, i.e. in the first operational state prior to a shearing process, along the line A-A.
  • the first member 101 is annular having an outer diameter 108 and an inner diameter 109 defining an aperture 102 and passage through the apparatus centered on the primary axis 103.
  • an object such as coil tubing 1 1 1 or wireline may be located within the aperture.
  • Fig 2B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the apparatus 100 of Fig 1 A, i.e. again in the first operational state prior to a shearing process, along the line B-B.
  • the outer diameter 108 of the annular first member 101 and a point along the inner surface 1 10 are shown.
  • a cross sectional cut through of each wedge shaped shearing members shown.
  • the shearing members are configured, i.e. shaped, dimensioned and made of a suitably hard material so as to prove a shearing edge for shearing objects within the aperture/passage of the apparatus.
  • Figs 3A to 3C schematically illustrate side on views of further embodiments with differing shaped inner surfaces 1 10 of the first member and differing shaped shearing members 104, 105.
  • the shearing members 104 105 drawn in solid lines represent the sharing members in the first operational state / pre-shearing configuration and the shearing members 104' 105' drawn in dashed lines represent the sharing members in the second operational state / post-shearing configuration.
  • the cross sectional shape of each side of the annular first member is substantially "L" shaped.
  • the shearing members are shaped so that their outer surface/abutment surface 301 which contacts the inner surface/ abutment surface 1 10 is curved so as to cause the shearing members to rotate and move in an inward direction towards the aperture when driven towards the first member.
  • the inner abutment surface 1 10 is shaped as in Fig 1 A.
  • the outer abutment surface 301 of the shearing members which are incident on and contact the inner abutment surface is curved.
  • the inner abutment surface's cross sectional shape on each side is triangular, i.e. the such that the radius of the aperture gradually reduces in a linear manner.
  • first member's inner abutment surface and shearing members' outer abutment surface i.e. the surface of the shearing member which in incident to and contacts with the first member's inner surface
  • first member's inner abutment surface and shearing members' outer abutment surface may be utilized which causes the shearing members, when driven by a force parallel to the primary axis, to move in a direction inwards towards the aperture/passage of the apparatus.
  • the shapes and / or angles of the first member and the shearing members may be adjusted to change the operational stroke, i.e. the extent of movement of the shearing members inwards towards the aperture/passage.
  • the respective abutment surfaces are mutually configured and shaped to as to cause at least a part of the shearing members to be deflected and glanced from the deflecting means towards the central passage way 102.
  • the shearing members may comprise rams shears and may be hardened steel shears.
  • Fig 4A schematically illustrates a side on view of an apparatus 400 of a further embodiment of the invention wherein the apparatus 400 includes a means 401 for providing a force in a direction parallel to the primary axis. Furthermore, a housing 40 ⁇ is provided to surround the various members and the driving means.
  • the driving means 401 may correspond to a linear actuator for providing linear motion in a direction parallel to the primary axis. This linear motion is transferred to sideways motion via the interaction of the sharing members with the first members as discussed above.
  • the driving means comprises a hydraulic mechanism.
  • the driving means could be a remotely operable piston 405 that is actuated via hydraulic pressure provided to the piston via a control line 402 which provides the pressurized hydraulic fluid.
  • the piston is biased such that the apparatus remains in its first (open) state (as shown in Fig 1A) negating the necessity for a holding spring.
  • Other forms of linear actuators would also be usable with embodiments of the present invention.
  • the linear actuator is aligned such that the linear movement is provides, i.e. its stroke, is in a direction parallel to the primary axis, for example, in use in a well bore, the driving means is vertically aligned as opposed to being horizontally aligned.
  • Fig 4B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the apparatus of Fig 4A along the line A-A. This shows that a single linear actuator 405 provides both the driving force for the first movable shearing member 104 as well as the driving force for the second movable shearing member 105.
  • the linear actuator itself comprises an aperture 403 therethrough parallel to the primary axis so as to maintain a passageway through the apparatus enabling objects to freely pass through the apparatus prior to a shearing process.
  • Coupling means or a linking mechanism 403 is provided to link the shearing members to the driving means to enable the shearing members to be rotatably coupled to the driving means.
  • a rotatable coupling allows the linear force parallel to the primary axis from the driving means to be transmitted to the shearing members causing movement of the same, whilst still allowing the shearing members to move towards the aperture by rotating towards the aperture due to the guiding action of the guiding means 101 .
  • a rotatable coupling could allow reciprocal movement, i.e. to revert back to the first state of Figl A from the second state of Fig I B, by vertical motion of the driving means in an opposite direction to its initial driving stroke direction.
  • Fig 5A schematically illustrates a side on view of an apparatus 500 of a further embodiment.
  • Fig 5B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the apparatus 500 along the line A-A.
  • the apparatus 500 of Figs 5A and 5B is similar to the apparatus 400 of Figs 4A and 4B, except that instead of a single hollow linear actuator, two linear actuators 501 502 are provided each with their own control line 503 504 via which the actuators can be individually controlled.
  • the two linear actuators are provided on opposing sides of the aperture and passage 50 ⁇ through the apparatus to enable objects to pass therethrough.
  • the shearing members are located, on their respective side, between the outer and inner diameters of the first member.
  • One linear actuator 501 provides the driving force to the first shearing member 104 and the another linear actuator 502 provides the driving force to the second shearing member 105.
  • Fig 5B schematically illustrates a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Fig 5A along the line A-A, and clearly shows the two distinct driving means 501 502 located on opposing sides of the aperture and passage 50 ⁇ through the apparatus.
  • Fig ⁇ schematically illustrates a side on view of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • This embodiment comprises the apparatus 400 of Fig 4A and 4B with its inner housing 40 ⁇ .
  • the apparatus 000 further comprises an outer housing 601 . This outer housing is separate from and distinct to the first member 101 .
  • the outer housing is provided with coupling means / joining mechanism 602 and 003 via which the apparatus 600 can be attached to other devices, such as modules of a landing string, a wear bushing or casing hanger below a rig's BOP stack and SSTT.
  • the configuration of the first member and the shearing members ensures that any forces perpendicular to the primary axis that might arise during the shearing process are cancelled out due to the symmetry and opposing locations of the shearing members.
  • this ensures that no horizontal forces due ⁇ o the shearing process are transmitted to the outer housing 601 which might otherwise affect the tensile stress of the housing and the integrity of the coupling means 602 and the seal provided thereby to an assembly of connected devices.
  • the apparatus of may be generally of a cylindrical shape, having a diameter configured so as to enable passage through a circular passage or aperture, such as a borehole, wellbore, tube or pipe.
  • a circular passage or aperture such as a borehole, wellbore, tube or pipe.
  • API American Petroleum Institute
  • ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
  • NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
  • the certain internal components could be substituted for other materials having properties required for their intended function, e.g. appropriate hardness for the shearing members.
  • the apparatus in particular the operation of the driving means, may be remotely operable, e.g. at the surface.
  • the apparatus may be incorporated in a standalone device or module.
  • module refers to a unit or apparatus that excludes certain parts/components that would be added by an end manufacturer or a user.
  • the apparatus may comprise a module in a landing string that is located between a Retainer valve and a lubricator valve.
  • the apparatus may be incorporated or integrated in a shear ram tool, a pressure control equipment (PCE), a surface test tree (STT), a sub-sea test tree (SST), a blow out preventer (BOP), a string run into an oil/gas well or a sub-sea landing string.
  • PCE pressure control equipment
  • STT surface test tree
  • SST sub-sea test tree
  • BOP blow out preventer

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Shearing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil, sur un module, sur un dispositif et sur un procédé pour cisailler des objets. L'appareil est configuré pour l'insertion dans un trou de forage. L'appareil comprend : un axe primaire ; un moyen de cisaillement mobile ; et un moyen de déviation. Le moyen de déviation et le moyen de cisaillement mobile sont mutuellement configurés de telle sorte que, quand le moyen de cisaillement mobile est entraîné par une force d'entraînement dans une direction parallèle à l'axe primaire, le moyen de cisaillement mobile coulisse le long du moyen de déviation et qu'au moins une partie du moyen de cisaillement mobile est déviée dans une direction vers l'axe primaire.
PCT/IB2012/056443 2011-11-29 2012-11-15 Appareil, module, dispositif et procédé pour cisailler des objets Ceased WO2013080078A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/361,154 US20140290949A1 (en) 2011-11-29 2012-11-15 Apparatus, Module, Device and Method for Shearing Objects
EP12808491.0A EP2785961A2 (fr) 2011-11-29 2012-11-15 Appareil, module, dispositif et procédé pour cisailler des objets

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1120530.9 2011-11-29
GB1120530.9A GB2497089A (en) 2011-11-29 2011-11-29 Shear apparatus with a guide member

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013080078A2 true WO2013080078A2 (fr) 2013-06-06
WO2013080078A3 WO2013080078A3 (fr) 2013-08-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2012/056443 Ceased WO2013080078A2 (fr) 2011-11-29 2012-11-15 Appareil, module, dispositif et procédé pour cisailler des objets

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20140290949A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2785961A2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2497089A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013080078A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP3654465A1 (fr) 2018-11-19 2020-05-20 Blueair Cabin Air AB Ioniseur

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US9441439B2 (en) * 2012-08-08 2016-09-13 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Rotary actuated cutter module system and methodology
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US10097410B2 (en) 2014-06-26 2018-10-09 Vmware, Inc. Methods and apparatus to scale application deployments in cloud computing environments
WO2017039740A1 (fr) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-09 Cameron International Corporation Bloc obturateur comprenant un ensemble d'étanchéité à fermeture totale

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US1491610A (en) * 1920-10-05 1924-04-22 Alice Double Wire-line cutter
US4132267A (en) * 1978-04-06 1979-01-02 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Pipe shearing ram assembly for blowout preventer
NO316189B1 (no) * 2002-01-16 2003-12-22 Norsk Hydro As Kontrollanordning for stigeror
GB0410198D0 (en) * 2004-05-07 2004-06-09 Enovate Systems Ltd Wellbore control device
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US8424607B2 (en) * 2006-04-25 2013-04-23 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. System and method for severing a tubular

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3654465A1 (fr) 2018-11-19 2020-05-20 Blueair Cabin Air AB Ioniseur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013080078A3 (fr) 2013-08-01
GB201120530D0 (en) 2012-01-11
GB2497089A (en) 2013-06-05
EP2785961A2 (fr) 2014-10-08
US20140290949A1 (en) 2014-10-02

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