Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
  • F24D5/02—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating with discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
  • F24D5/04—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating with discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with return of the air or the air-heater
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
  • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
  • F24D11/006—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses air heating system
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
  • F24D2220/006—Parts of a building integrally forming part of heating systems, e.g. a wall as a heat storing mass

Definitions

• the invention relates to heat engineering, the field of use of thermal energy obtained differently than in the case of exothermic redox processes.
• a heating system is proposed in which thermal energy is obtained as a result of the destruction of intermolecular bonds of the coolant. Surplus thermal energy is accumulated by heat accumulators and is given out to consumers as necessary, and the temperature gradient of indoor air is averaged. If it is necessary to urgently increase the air temperature in the room and create comfortable conditions, the proposed heating system provides for the forced transfer of thermal energy from the liquid coolant to the air by blowing the latter through a radiator - heat exchanger.
• Such a system can be used for floor, apartment heating and hot water supply in housing and communal services, for the organization of temporary housing within the Ministry of Emergencies, for heating separately located industrial and civil facilities.
• the proposed invention can be used in a wide range of technological logical tasks.
• Patent J4 ° 2343003 RU A known method of microvortex grinding and restructuring in a viscous medium.
• Patent J422333402 RU A known solid surface streamlined by a viscous medium.
• the vortex heating system according to the patent _ b2137983 RU, based on the Rank-Hilsh effect, is known.
• the system contains a prisoner inside sealed heat exchange chamber heat pump in the form of a vortex tube connected to a vane pump.
• the system contains two ultrasonic emitters with a frequency resonant with respect to the liquid used.
• the disadvantage of this design is the constant ultrasonic radiation and, as a consequence, the destructive effect of cavitation on the working bodies of the heat generator.
• a heat generator and a device for heating liquids according to the patent are known] H “2045715 RU, the principle of operation of which is based on moving the liquid along a spiral path using additional acceleration of the liquid inside the heat pump and on deceleration in the additional brake device.
• the disadvantage of this design is the insufficiently high heating efficiency.
• a device for producing heat is known according to patent N ° 2054604 RU, in which in the local area of the substance at the moment of the disappearance of the cavitation bubble (its collapse), nuclear reactions occur with the release of a large amount of energy. The energy released in the core is converted into heat in the liquid.
• the disadvantage of this design is the presence of cavitation and nuclear reactions, which, apparently, lead to the appearance of radioactive radiation.
• the disadvantage of this method is that the system cannot operate in a pulsed mode, and therefore cannot adequately save energy.
• the method of air heating according to patent 2202074 RU is selected, in which hot air is mixed from the heat generator into the ejector from the room, and cold air is sucked in from the bottom of the room by means of an ejector through which mixed air comes out from the set constant temperature.
• the disadvantage of this method is that the recovery of warm air located in the upper part of the room (under the ceiling) does not occur. Disclosure of the invention
• An object of the invention is the creation of an efficient energy-saving heating system and the expansion of the arsenal of heating systems.
• the technical result that ensures the solution of the problem lies in the fact that it provides increased reliability and efficiency (efficiency), while creating comfortable conditions in the premises due to the saving of thermal energy during secondary use i.e. recuperation of thermal energy contained in warm air in the ceiling part of the room, optimal distribution of air temperature over the height of the room and rapid heating of the air due to heat saving, since both air recovery and heating occur.
• the heating system consists of pipelines, a viscous liquid heat carrier, a micro-vortex heat generator, a system for forcing a heated heat carrier from a heat generator to heat accumulators and heat exchangers, a heat accumulator, a device for forcing air in a room, a radiator - a heat exchanger , an expansion tank and / or a hydraulic accumulator and a control system including a controller, actuators, converters and sensors;
• the number of micro-vortex heat generators in the system is more than one and / or the number of heat accumulators in the system is more than one and / or the number of indoor air mixing devices in the heating system is more than one and / or the number of heat exchangers in the system is more than one;
• the heating system has an emergency heat generator, in which the heat carrier is heated in a different way than by breaking the intermolecular bonds of the heat carrier;
• the heating system uses solid-state heat accumulators and / or liquid heat accumulators and / or heat accumulators using phase transition energy of the heat storage substance;
• heat accumulators using the same and / or different physical principles of heat storage, conservation and transfer, having heat storage substance in one and / or different phase states, are in the same housing as a heat generator, a device for forced mixing of air in the room and radiator - heat exchanger;
• heat accumulators are installed in the floor of the room, in the walls of the room, on the inside of the exterior walls of the building with the use of thermal insulation;
• one heat accumulator gives off thermal energy to more than one room
• the heat generated by the heat generator and accumulated in the heat accumulator is supplied discretely to consumers as necessary;
• air ducts inside the heat accumulators through which air in the heated room is forcedly pumped through the heat accumulator and, at the same time, heated from the surface of the heat accumulator, then enters the heated room;
• the air is taken outside the building before heating
• a device for forcibly mixing cold and warm air is installed in the heat accumulator, while warm air from the ceiling zone moves down to the floor into the zone with cool air;
• more than one forced mixing device for cold and warm air is installed in one heat accumulator;
• the heated heat carrier from the heat generator is supplied to a radiator - heat exchanger with forced movement of the air mass relative to the heat sink surface of the radiator - heat exchanger, and heat energy is transferred directly to the air, without intermediate heating of the heat accumulator;
• the forced air mixing device is structurally housed in a separate housing;
• the duct of the forced air mixing device is made of flexible material
• heat transfer surfaces relative to which the liquid heat carrier and / or air moves, are made of materials with high thermal conductivity and are coated with a microrelief that intensifies heat and mass transfer;
• the heat generator does not work continuously, but in a pulsed mode and only if there is a lack of thermal energy in the heat accumulators and / or a decrease in air temperature in the room;
• the heating system is controlled by a controller that collects data from temperature, humidity and pressure sensors, analyzes the information received and generates control signals to turn on the process of heat generation and / or forced pumping of liquid and gaseous coolants in the heating system in all premises and / or in separate;
• the heating system is combined with a hot water system
• the heating system gives off thermal energy to a separate heat accumulator of the hot water supply system
• the air in the ducts is subjected to filtration and / or microbiological sanitation and / or humidification;
• the air from the ceiling area of the room moves into the floor area vertically and / or in the plane of the room.
• the heat accumulator is located more than one row of pipelines with a coolant.
• the rows of pipelines with a coolant are placed on different sides of the power frame of the building.
• Figure 2. A structural diagram of the interior wall of the room, combined with a heat accumulator; Fig.Z. - The design of the heat accumulator in which the heat storage substance, the forced air mixing device in the room and the heat exchanger with the heat carrier are in the same housing;
• a schematic diagram of the proposed heating system consists of a viscous liquid coolant 22, a micro-vortex heat generator 1, a pump 30 of a system for forcing a heated coolant through pipelines 4 and 13 from a heat generator 1 to heat accumulators 2 and radiators - heat exchangers 11, forced air mixing devices in the room 31, radiator - heat exchanger 1 1, expansion tank 7 and / or accumulator and control system, including controller 8, actuators, h stnosti flow switch spirit WHO-3, as well as sensors and transducers 14, 18 and 28.
• the energy saving heating system may use methods of Patents RU 2343003, RU 2333402 and disintegrators microeddy - heat generators.
• the heating system operates as follows.
• the coolant is heated in the heat generator 1 and, using the pump 30 of the forced circulation system of the heated coolant, is supplied to the heat batteries 2 and / or radiators - heat exchangers And.
• the heat accumulators accumulate excess thermal energy and, as necessary, give it out to consumers by means of a forced air mixing device in the room 31.
• the main criterion for the suitability of the heating system for rooms where people, animals, plants or equipment that need a microclimate is to maintain the optimum air temperature with the lowest energy consumption. Measurements of the distribution of air temperature over the height of the room show the highest air temperature in the room at the ceiling 15 and the lowest at the floor 16.
• FIG. 1 A forced air mixing device in the room 31 is shown, which consists of a fan 6, an air filter 27 and an air duct 5 and is intended to mix hot and cold air inside the room.
• the controller 8 When there is an air temperature difference of more than 1 ° C near the floor and the ceiling, which is fixed by the sensors 14, the controller 8 turns on the fan 6, and the warm air from the ceiling zone starts to move along the air 5 inside the heat accumulator 2, is heated from the walls of the heat accumulator 32 and enters the floor zone 16, mixing with cold air. In this case, the temperature gradient of the indoor air is averaged. When the temperature gradient of the air in the room falls below 1 ° C, the controller turns off the fan 6. To prevent dusting of the room, an air filter 27 is installed in the duct 5.
• the number of microvortex heat generators 1 in the proposed heating system may be more than one a lot.
• Such a design can be used for floor or apartment heating.
• the number of heat accumulators 2, radiators - heat exchangers 1 1 and air mixing devices 31 in the proposed heating system can be more than one.
• Such a design scheme can be applied to apartments and houses with a large number of separate rooms.
• one heat accumulator 2 can heat two or more rooms, as shown in FIG. 2.
• the heat accumulator 2 can be placed both in the walls 20 and in the floor 16 of the room and / or be structurally separated by the power frame of the building 25.
• an emergency heat generator 12 can be included in the proposed heating system, in which the heat carrier 22 is heated on the basis of other physical principles than the destruction of intermolecular bonds of the heat carrier 22.
• Such an emergency heat generator 12 operating on liquid and / or solid and / or gaseous fuel together with an autonomous power supply, is able to prevent freezing of premises as a result of an emergency blackout.
• the proposed heating system can use heat accumulators 2, in which thermal energy is accumulated both by increasing the temperature of the heat-accumulating substance 26 and by the energy of the phase transition solid - liquid and liquid - steam.
• the heat storage substance 26 itself in the temperature range from -60 ° C to + 30 ° C can be either solid or liquid.
• the proposed heating system can be used autonomous heat accumulators 2, which are mounted in the same housing as the heat generator 1 and the forced air mixing device in the room 31.
• Such heat accumulators 2 that do not require a liquid supply the coolant 22 to the heat accumulator 2, can be installed in separate rooms, the need for heating which does not occur constantly.
• heat accumulators 2 can be used, which are mounted in the floor 16 of the heated room of FIG. 1, FIG. 2. Such placement of the heat accumulator 2 allows you to constantly heat the lower part of the room, which creates comfortable conditions for the inhabitants of the premises. When placing the heat accumulators 2 on the walls, it is advisable to place them on the inner walls of the premises 24, because in this case all the heat in any case gets inside the room.
• the heat accumulator is located in the floors and / or in the internal walls of the premises. It is advisable to exclude the placement of the heat storage of the ore 2 on the inner part of the outer wall 17. If such placement is necessary for any reason, then the heat accumulator 2 should be placed exclusively with the use of heat-insulating material 34, which prevents the outflow of thermal energy from the heat accumulator 2 through the external wall 17 to the external environment (Fig. 1.).
• one heat accumulator 2 gives off heat simultaneously to two rooms.
• the heat accumulator 2 consists of two rows of pipelines 23 with a coolant 22, while the pipelines 23 with a coolant 22 are placed on different sides of the power frame of the building 25.
• one heat accumulator 2 placed in the wall can be heated 2, 3, 4 or more premises.
• Such a scheme is expedient from the point of view of saving material resources.
• the heated heat accumulator 2 stores the thermal energy and gives it up mainly at the moment of turning on the fan 6 of the device 31, which is controlled by the controller 8 on the basis of the analysis of the room temperature, information about which comes from the sensors 14.
• the surface of the inner wall of the room 24 can be separated from the heat accumulator by heat-insulating material 34.
• the air in the room is not constantly heated, but discretely at the moment of turning on the fan 6. This operation is effective from the point of view of energy saving.
• FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the heat accumulator 2, inside of which is placed a forced air mixing device 31.
• the device 31 has two functions. Firstly, it mixes warm air, osprey and louse near the ceiling and moves it to the zone of cold air near the floor, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the air in the room. Secondly, the air passing through the duct 5 located inside the heat accumulator 2 is heated and enters the room heated. At the same time, warm air from the ceiling zone is already heated from the walls of the heat accumulator, which naturally consumes less heat. Thus, there is a secondary use, recovery of thermal energy contained in the warm air in the ceiling of the room. Such a scheme is promising from the point of view of heat saving, since air recovery and heating occur simultaneously.
• air can be supplied to the duct from an area outside the building.
• Such a scheme is applicable where there is a need for periodic ventilation of the room.
• the coolant 22, heated in the heat generator 1 is supplied to the radiator - heat exchanger 1 1.
• Air from the heated room, under the influence of fan 6, is forcedly moved relative to the surface of the heat sink of the radiator - heat exchanger 1 1, and thus thermal energy is transferred directly to the air, without intermediate heating of the heat accumulator.
• Figure 4. Part 1 it is shown that for emergency heating, the air rushes down under the action of the fan 6 and is sent by the air flow switch 3 through the radiator - heat exchanger 1 1.
• the coolant 22 from the heat generator 1 is supplied directly to the radiator - heat exchanger 1 1, bypassing the heat accumulator - elator 2. In this case, the air quickly warms up in the room.
• the forced air mixing device 31 can structurally be placed separately from the heat accumulator in a separate housing of FIG. 5.
• Such a design scheme can be used in large areas with high ceilings to average the vertical gradient of air temperature, when one heat accumulator is enough to heat the room, and one forced air mixing device 31 is not enough to average the vertical gradient of air temperature .
• equalization of the temperature gradient must be carried out at points of the room remote from each other.
• the duct 5 of the forced air mixing device 31 can be made of flexible material.
• Such a design will allow not only to simplify the installation of the forced air mixing device 31, but also to equalize the temperature gradient of the air in the room both vertically and in the room plane.
• the heat exchange surfaces relative to which the liquid coolant and / or air moves are made of a material with high thermal conductivity and are coated with a microrelief that intensifies heat and mass transfer.
• the intensification of heat and mass transfer leads to a reduction in material resources (structurally, heat exchangers take up less space and have a lower mass) and reduces the time of pumping the heat carrier 22 and / or air from the heated room relative to the heat transfer surfaces, which in turn leads to energy savings .
• the heat generator 1 does not work continuously, but in a pulsed mode only if there is a lack of thermal energy in the heat accumulators 2 and / or a decrease in the temperature of the air in the room. This mode of operation is selected in order to save electricity.
• the entire heating system is controlled by a controller that collects data from temperature, humidity and pressure sensors, analyzes the information received and generates control signals to turn on the process of heat generation and / or forced pumping of liquid and gaseous heat carriers in the heating system during all rooms and / or separately taken.
• the management of the proposed heating system by the controller allows us to optimize the level of comfort and energy consumption for the consumer in accordance with his personal requirements.
• the heating system is also envisaged to combine the heating system with the hot water supply system.
• the association in this case is proposed on the basis of those considerations that there is no need for an additional supply of thermal energy to the premises.
• the air undergoes microbiological sanitation.
• Such an air treatment can be performed, for example, by ultraviolet radiation using an ultraviolet lamp 33, which is turned on at the same frequency with which the fan 6 in the forced air mixing device 31 is turned on, as shown in FIG. 2.
• air filters 27 are installed in the ducts 5 of the forced air mixing device 31, as shown in FIG. Air filtration is useful for hygienic reasons, and also increases the comfort of living conditions and improves the consumer qualities of the system.
• air passing through air ducts 5 of system 31 undergoes not only sanitation, but also humidification, which has a beneficial effect on the health of people and animals.
• the technical result of the invention consists in reducing energy consumption through the use of a micro-vortex heat generator, a control controller, a heat accumulator and a forced air mixing device.
• the heating system according to this invention was manufactured and tested with positive results by UAB Aljara & Co (Lithuania).
• the present invention is implemented using universal equipment widely used in industry.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
• Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-01-29 WO PCT/RU2013/000057 patent/WO2013133735A2/fr not_active Ceased

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