Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
  • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
  • D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
  • D21B1/021—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means by chemical means
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
  • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
  • D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
  • D21B1/023—Cleaning wood chips or other raw materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
  • D21C1/10—Physical methods for facilitating impregnation

Definitions

• the present invention relates to treatment of lignocellulosic material in general and in particular to improved cleaning of lignocellulosic materials e.g. wood chips before further treatment, e.g. a refining step.
• the separation of fibers from each other in a lignocellulosic material can be achieved in several ways.
• the preparation of pulp typically comprises a multitude of process steps that serve to transform lignocellulosic material such as wood chips to a wet pulp, i.e. a fiber suspension, suitable for manufacture of various paper products or the like.
• Pulping processes may be mainly chemical, wherein the lignin keeping the fibers connected to each other is at least partly removed by adding chemicals and applying process conditions dissolving the lignin, or mainly mechanical, wherein the fibers are separated from each other mechanically, e.g. by grinding or refining.
• the processes are commonly referred to as chemical and mechanical pulping processes, respectively.
• a typical mechanical pulping process can be summarized as cleaning of the wood chips, preheating, impregnation, and subsequently refining.
• the preheating aims to warm the chips and equalize the moisture content of the chips before refining. It is also possible to fine-tune the pulp properties with the temperature.
• the chips are conveyed to an impregnator where they are impregnated with water or sodium sulfite solution, or other impregnation liquid. Finally, the impregnated chips are introduced into the final refining steps.
• the same basic processing is also utilized in the manufacture of fiberboard, up until the refining steps, which differ due to the different end use of the fibers.
• the refining equipment for fiberboard is foremost a defibration equipment, accomplishing separation into individual fibers while the refining equipment for mechanical pulp achieves defibration and fibrillation both.
• Present impregnators for mechanical pulping typically comprise adding impregnation liquid at the bottom of a container before refining [1].
• impregnation liquid at the bottom of a container before refining [1].
• process contaminants and impurities such as pin-chips and larger contaminants as well as fine sand, dust and smaller particles are released into the impregnation fluid, thereby reducing the efficiency of the impregnation process.
• the contaminants that remain in the chips that are ejected from the impregnator process will cause abrasive wear of the process equipment.
• the present invention aims to obviate some of the above-mentioned problems with prior art impregnators.
• a first aspect of the present disclosure presents an impregnation arrangement comprising a vertically arranged impregnator chamber, a first inlet arranged at a first end of the chamber configured for introducing material to be impregnated, such as a lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips, into the chamber, a conveyor arrangement configured for moving the introduced material in a direction from the first end to a second end of the chamber. Further, the arrangement includes an outlet arranged at the second end of the chamber for extracting the impregnated material from the chamber, and a second inlet configured for introducing impregnation liquid into the chamber.
• the first end corresponds to a bottom end of the chamber, and the second end corresponds to a top end of the chamber.
• the arrangement includes a second outlet located at the bottom end configured for extracting liquid from the chamber during operation, to provide a liquid flow in the chamber in an opposite direction of the direction of the introduced material, and a third inlet configured for introducing a liquid into the chamber at the top end.
• the arrangement includes a cleaning arrangement connected between the third inlet and the second outlet, which includes at least one filtering unit and is configured for cleaning the extracted liquid and providing it to the third inlet to provide the liquid flow in the chamber.
• a second aspect of the present disclosure presents a method of impregnating material, such as lignocellulosic material e.g.
• wood chips comprising introducing material to be impregnated at a first end of a vertically arranged impregnator chamber, and conveying the introduced material in a direction from the first end towards a second end of the chamber.
• the disclosure presents introducing impregnation liquid/ chemicals into the chamber, and extracting the impregnated material from the chamber at the second end.
• the first end corresponds to a bottom end of the chamber and the second end corresponds to a top end of the chamber.
• the method includes extracting liquid from the bottom end of the chamber during operation, to provide a liquid flow arranged in an opposite direction of the direction of the introduced material in the chamber.
• the disclosure includes cleaning the extracted liquid and re -introducing the cleaned extracted liquid into the chamber to provide a flow of the liquid in the chamber.
• Advantages of the present invention include improved cleaning of lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips, and as a direct consequence thereof, reduced abrasive wear of the process equipment.
• Fig. 1 is an illustration of a known impregnator arrangement
• Fig. 2 is an illustration of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the present disclosure
• Fig. 3 is a further embodiment of an arrangement according to the present disclosure.
• Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the present disclosure.
• the present disclosure relates to fiber process equipment for lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips, in particular to improved cleaning of the material in or before impregnator arrangements in such equipment.
• the disclosure will be presented with reference to wood chip processing, but is equally suitable for other lignocellulosic materials e.g .suitable for fiberboard products.
• An impregnator is utilized to equalize the moisture content of the lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips or to reduce the extractives content of the lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips.
• a widely used system is the so-called PREX-impregnator system. Chips from a chip washing system are preheated at atmospheric pressure before the PREX plug screw feeding to the impregnator. The water squeezed out from the chips has a high content of dissolved and colloidal substances and therefore is led to the effluent. The pressed chips are fed to a vertical screw impregnator where the chips are impregnated with water or sodium sulfite solution. A level controller adjusts the flow of the liquid to the impregnator. The amount of water impregnated is about 0.5- 1.0 m 3 per ton of wood chips. The moisture content of the chips increases about 6 %-7 % units. The screws are available with two different compression ratios, 2: 1 or 3: 1 respectively.
• a conveyor e.g. two counter-rotating screws are arranged to elevate and mix the material, such as a lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips, with an impregnation fluid, e.g. a mixture of chemicals and water added at or near the chip inlet of the vessel.
• a lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips
• an impregnation fluid e.g. a mixture of chemicals and water added at or near the chip inlet of the vessel.
• Each screw is typically driven by an AC-motor via a shaft mounted gear reducer and a v-belt drive.
• the screw shafts are replaceable shaft ends journaled by grease-lubricated bearings at the top and by bearing bushings at the lower end.
• An example of an impregnator is the so-called IPAXXX, which consists of a shell with an inlet with a back-flow protection device at the lower end and outlet chute at the upper end, and the aforementioned twin feeding screws.
• the impregnated material e.g. wood chips, is then transferred into a screw conveyor to a retention bin before being further processed in a refiner.
• the impregnator 1 includes an impregnator chamber 10 with a chip inlet 1 1 arranged at a first end e.g. bottom end of the chamber 10, and a chip outlet 13 arranged at a second end e.g. top end of the chamber 10.
• a conveyor unit 20 e.g. , screw conveyor is arranged in the chamber 10 to convey chips from the chip inlet 1 1 towards the chip outlet 13.
• the impregnator 1 includes an impregnation liquid inlet 12 for introducing impregnation liquids into the chamber.
• impregnation liquid will form a more or less stagnant volume of liquid at the bottom of the impregnation chamber.
• the addition of impregnation fluids is controlled to maintain the level of impregnation liquid inside the chamber at a certain level or within a certain interval.
• the prior art impregnators for mechanical pulping are with impregnator liquid typically added as a stagnant liquid volume at the bottom of the impregnator chamber. As for today, this is only an impregnation step before refining. By adding the teachings of this disclosure, this can be improved with a cleaning step as well.
• the inventors have identified the benefits of providing a counter-current liquid flow opposite the transport direction of the lignocellulosic material e.g. wood chips, in the impregnator chamber, and optionally to circulate the liquid via a filtering arrangement i.e. after passing the wood chips.
• a filtering arrangement i.e. after passing the wood chips.
• the general idea is to improve the process such that the impregnator liquid is added at the upper part (directed water stream) and overflow liquid is discharged through the bottom of the impregnator chamber.
• the liquid is then, according to a further embodiment, re-circulated in a closed loop through a filtering device.
• the filtering device can, according to a particular embodiment, include a screen for removal of pin-chips and large contaminants. This can be followed by a filtration device to separate fine sand, dust and smaller impurities.
• the impregnator arrangement 2 includes an impregnator chamber 10, an inlet 1 1 for introducing material to be impregnated into the chamber arranged at a first end e.g. bottom end of the chamber for introducing material e.g. chips into the chamber, a conveyor arrangement 20 configured for moving introduced material e.g. chips in a direction from the first end e.g. bottom end to the second end e.g. top end of the chamber.
• the impregnator includes at least one outlet 13 arranged at the top end for extracting the impregnated material from the chamber, and at least one inlet 12 for introducing impregnation liquid into the chamber.
• the arrangement includes a second outlet 14 located at the bottom end of the chamber for extracting liquid from the chamber during operation, to provide a liquid flow in an opposite direction of the direction of the chips moving on upwards on the conveyor 20.
• the present embodiment is described with relation to a substantially vertically arranged impregnator arrangement, it can be equally implemented in an impregnator with some other orientation.
• the embodiments of the present disclosure can be easily adapted to provide an improved cleaning process in other parts of the pulp manufacture process. The important consideration is to introduce an opposing liquid flow into a chamber in which chips are transported.
• a further embodiment of an arrangement according to the present disclosure will be presented.
• a cleaning unit 30 externally arranged between the outlet 14 and a second inlet 15 of the chamber.
• the second inlet 15 can, according to one embodiment be co-located with the inlet 13 for introducing impregnation liquid into the chamber.
• the two inlets 13, 15 are separate entities located at a respective bottom and top end of the chamber e.g. opposite ends.
• impregnation fluids as well as any impurities can be extracted from the chamber 1 through the outlet 14, be cleaned in the cleaning unit 30, and subsequently be reintroduced into the chamber 10 through the inlet 15.
• a unit for providing liquid in addition to the impregnation liquid can be provided to the inlet 15.
• the cleaning unit 30 comprises at least one filtering arrangement or unit 31, 32, which is configured for filtering out any particles larger than a predetermined particle size from the liquid.
• the cleaning unit 30 includes a first screening or filtering unit 31 for filtering out particles larger than 0.2 mm, and a second filtering unit 32 for filtering out particles in the interval from 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm.
• any arrangement suitable for removing the impurities can be utilized, and can be configured for any size of particles as well depending on the specific needs of the process.
• the filtered liquid is then re-introduced into the chamber through inlet 15. It is evident that any number of filter arrangements, and any method of filtering can be applied and specifically tailored for particular sizes of impurities. Likewise, the cleaning arrangement could be provided with chemical or mechanical cleaning functionality depending on the particular process parameters. In addition, functional units such as pumps can be included to further improve the efficiency of the process.
• the method includes introducing S 1 1 material to be impregnated, such as wood chips, at a first end of an impregnator chamber, conveying S20 the introduced material in a direction from the first end towards a second end of the chamber. Typically, the material is conveyed from a bottom end towards a top end of the chamber. Subsequently, impregnation liquid/ chemicals are introduced S 12 into the chamber, and the impregnated material is extracted S 13 from the chamber at the second end.
• S 1 1 material to be impregnated such as wood chips
• liquid is extracted S 14 from the first end of the chamber during operation, to provide a liquid flow in an opposite direction of the direction of the introduced material in the chamber.
• the counter-current or opposing flow of liquid enables cleaning any impurities from the introduced material and effectively prevents conveying the impurities further in the process.
• the method includes introducing S 15 a further liquid into the chamber at the second end, and extracting liquid S 14 at the first end, and optionally cleaning S30 the extracted liquid and re- introducing S40 at least the cleaned extracted liquid into the chamber to provide a flow of the liquid in the chamber.
• the technique can be used for processing of water - and chip washing in the chip-washing equipment.
• the present disclosure mainly described chip cleaning within an impregnator arrangement, the same basic method can be applied for other parts of the chip processing line, and for other types of lignocellulosic materials.
• the disclosure can be easily adapted to the already existing chip cleaning equipment in a pulp processing plant. By introducing an opposing flow of liquid e.g. water in a chip cleaning tank, which aids in removing impurities from the chips, and enabling extracting and cleaning the water before reintroducing it into the chamber, the chips can be cleaned more efficiently.
• the main idea of the present disclosure is to change the process such that the impregnation liquid and potentially any added liquid is added at the upper part of the chamber and overflow liquid is discharged at the bottom.
• the liquid is then circulated in a closed loop through a screen (or equal) for removal of pin-chips and larger contaminants.
• a filtration device NiClearTM or equal to separate fine sand, dust and smaller impuritie s .
• the main benefit of the present disclosure is improved cleaning of chips prior to refining in order to minimize abrasive wear in the process equipment. Improved refining is closely connected to better pulp and paper quality. The process optimization is tailored for each customer in order to reach higher energy savings and to be a sustainable competitor on the market. Further benefits could be more effective liquid uptake in impregnation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (6)

• 2012
  • 2012-03-23 SE SE1250289A patent/SE537483C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2013
  • 2013-02-12 WO PCT/SE2013/050117 patent/WO2013141776A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (6)

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