WO2013159545A1 - 一种可调滤波器及包括该滤波器的双工器 - Google Patents

一种可调滤波器及包括该滤波器的双工器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013159545A1
WO2013159545A1 PCT/CN2012/086836 CN2012086836W WO2013159545A1 WO 2013159545 A1 WO2013159545 A1 WO 2013159545A1 CN 2012086836 W CN2012086836 W CN 2012086836W WO 2013159545 A1 WO2013159545 A1 WO 2013159545A1
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Prior art keywords
tuning
resonant
tuning member
screw
tube
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PCT/CN2012/086836
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周彦昭
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP12874984.3A priority Critical patent/EP2833473B1/en
Publication of WO2013159545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013159545A1/zh
Priority to US14/524,400 priority patent/US9647307B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/205—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities
    • H01P1/2053—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities the coaxial cavity resonators being disposed parall to each other

Definitions

  • a tunable filter and a duplexer including the same
  • the present invention belongs to the field of communication devices, and in particular, to a tunable filter and a duplexer including the same. Background technique
  • the duplexer of the base transceiver station module is composed of an RF (radio frequency) cavity filter, which is generally located on the structural member on the back of the transceiver board, and is used for single-channel high-power signal transmission, and the RF cavity in the duplexer.
  • the body filter includes a TX filter (transmit channel filter) and an RX filter (receiver channel filter).
  • DCS Distributed Control System
  • PCS Personal Communication Service
  • TD-SCDMA Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • DCS Distributed Control System
  • PCS Personal Communication Service
  • TD-SCDMA Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • Duplexer If the wideband of the filter can be adjusted, using a duplexer to debug products with multiple frequencies has a great significance for improving the platform of the duplexer and reducing the management and manufacturing costs.
  • a resonant rod 102 is fixed on the step 101.
  • the resonant rod 102 is equivalent to an inductor.
  • the upper surface of the resonant rod 102 and the top plate of the tuning screw 103 are connected.
  • US Patent No. 20090058563 discloses a tunable filter in which a medium tuning block 203 and a chute plate 204 are added between a cavity 201 and a cover plate 202 in a dielectric TE (transverse wave) mode filter.
  • the media tuning block is realized by moving the screw 205 of the fixed medium tuning block 203 in the chute
  • the cavity between 203 and dielectric resonator 206 is perturbed, thereby changing the resonant frequency.
  • the adjustable range of the dielectric filter is relatively small, and the tuning range of the dielectric block is more limited. The adjustable range of the filter still cannot meet the requirements.
  • the Chinese patent application No. 2011 10251164.8 discloses a tunable filter for winding an inductor wire 302 on a tuning screw 301, by supplying a current of different directions and magnitudes to the inductor wire 302.
  • the inductance is changed to achieve cavity perturbation, which is adjustable.
  • the cavity filter is a typical distributed parameter circuit filter, and the inductor coil belongs to the lumped parameter component at low frequency. It is difficult to change the sense value and current direction of the lumped parameter inductance at high frequency. Tonality. Therefore, the adjustable range is still small, it is difficult to meet the requirements of wideband adjustment, and platformization cannot be achieved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is implemented to include a plurality of resonant cavities, each of which is provided with a resonant tube and a tuning screw penetrating into a space enclosed by the resonant tube;
  • tuning member disposed between the tuning screw and the resonance tube, the tuning member and the resonant tube forming a first capacitance, and simultaneously forming a second capacitance with the tuning screw;
  • An adjustment structure for rotating the tuning member is further included to change a relative area between the tuning member and the resonance tube and between the tuning member and the tuning screw, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are linked to each other. .
  • Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a duplexer including a transmit channel filter and a connection a channel filter, the transmit channel filter and the receive channel filter are both filtered by a tunable filter comprising a plurality of resonant cavities, each of the resonant cavities being provided with a resonant tube and a tuning screw penetrating into a space enclosed by the resonance tube;
  • tuning member disposed between the tuning screw and the resonance tube, the tuning member and the resonant tube forming a first capacitance, and simultaneously forming a second capacitance with the tuning screw;
  • An adjustment structure for rotating the tuning member is further included to change a relative area between the tuning member and the resonance tube and between the tuning member and the tuning screw, so that the first capacitor and the second capacitor are linked to each other.
  • a tuning member is arranged between the tuning screw and the resonance tube, so that a double-capacitor structure is formed between the tuning member and the resonance tube and the tuning screw, and by rotating the tuning member by adjusting the structure, the double-capacitance linkage change can be realized, thereby changing Resonant frequency.
  • the double-capacitor linkage change makes the adjustable range of the filter larger than the traditional frequency modulation range, and truly realizes the wideband adjustment of the filter and the duplexer.
  • the duplexer using the filter and the wave filter can debug different frequency products according to actual needs, and does not need to use a large number of duplexers of different sub-bands, thereby realizing the platformization of the duplexer and greatly saving Management and manufacturing costs.
  • Figure 1 is a single cavity model of a prior art filter
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tunable filter in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another tunable filter in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single cavity structure of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single cavity operation of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of test data of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotation direction of a tuning member in a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a rotation direction of a tuning member in a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 9 is a schematic diagram of a rotation direction of a tuning member in a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a tuning component in a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an improved structure of a tuning component in a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a single cavity structure of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a single cavity working state of a tunable filter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows the present invention.
  • a schematic diagram of the test data of the tunable filter provided by the embodiment for the convenience of explanation, only the parts related to the present embodiment are shown.
  • the tunable filter comprises a plurality of resonant cavities 1, each of which is provided with a resonance tube 2 and a tuning screw 3, which penetrates into the resonance tube 2 to enclose a space.
  • a tuning member 4 is also provided between the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2.
  • the resonance tube 2 is equivalent to the inductance L
  • the outer wall of the tuning member 4 and the inner wall of the resonance tube 2 are equivalent to the capacitance (first capacitance).
  • the inner wall of the tuning member 4 and the outer surface of the tuning screw 3 are equivalent to another capacitance ( The second capacitor) C 2 .
  • the tuning member 4 and the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 3 constitute a parallel double capacitance structure.
  • the resonance tube 2, the tuning screw 3 and the tuning member 4 cooperate to form a resonance unit having a filter and wave function.
  • the tunable filter further includes an adjustment structure 5 for rotating the tuning member 4 to change the relative area of the tuning member 4 to the resonant tube 2 and the tuning screw 3. It can be understood that the direction of rotation of the tuning member 4 can be varied, as long as the central axis thereof rotates relative to the central axes of the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2 to change the relative area.
  • the relative area, J is the distance between the two poles.
  • the tuning member 4 in the embodiment of the present invention rotates in either direction with respect to the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2 under the driving of the adjusting structure 5.
  • the tuning member 4 is rotated by an angle ⁇ , the tuning member 4 and the tuning are performed.
  • the relative area and distance between the screw 3 and the resonance tube 2 are changed, so that the first capacitor G and the second capacitor C 2 are simultaneously changed to achieve the purpose of changing the resonance frequency.
  • Different tuning frequencies Fr can be obtained by rotating the tuning member 4 at different angles.
  • a set of related test data of the filter described in this embodiment is provided below, with reference to Table 1 and FIG.
  • the swing angle in the above data is defined as the initial position when the tuning member 4 is coaxial with the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2, and after the tuning member 4 is rotated by a certain angle, the central axis thereof is relative to the initial position.
  • the deflection angle is the angle of rotation. It can be understood that the rotation of the tuning member 4 can be a reciprocating motion, and is not necessarily limited to swinging only in the same direction. Therefore, it can be defined that when the rotation is in a certain direction, the rotation angle thereof is a positive value, and when the rotation is in the opposite direction, the rotation angle is a negative value. .
  • the above data only records the data of the tuning member rotating in the same direction, and the rotation in the opposite direction can also realize the wideband adjustment, and the detailed data is not shown in this embodiment.
  • the above data is only the test data of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the focus of the embodiment of the present invention is the variable range of the tuning, and the specific resonant frequency value thereof can be appropriately adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the actual resonant frequency is required to be 1.5 to 2.0 GHz, and the initial setting of the structure and relative position of the resonance tube 2, the tuning screw 3, and the tuning member 4 can be appropriately performed, and then the tuning member 4 can be adjusted in actual operation to obtain different The resonant frequency.
  • a tuning element is disposed between the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2, and a double-capacitor structure is formed.
  • the adjustment structure 5 drives the rotation of the tuning member 4 to realize the double-capacitance linkage change, thereby changing the resonance frequency.
  • the capacitance is changed at the same time, and the adjustable range of the frequency is larger than that of the conventional filter, which truly realizes the wideband adjustment of the filter and the duplexer.
  • only one duplexer can be used to debug products in different frequency bands, making it suitable for a variety of occasions, thus realizing the platform of the duplexer and greatly saving management and manufacturing. cost.
  • the structure of the filter is simple, and it is not necessary to add more complicated devices and control mechanisms, and the production cost is effectively controlled.
  • the tuning member can be rotated in all directions to realize the double-capacitor linkage change, and the rotation fulcrum does not need to be strictly limited, so the degree of freedom of rotation is high, the design flexibility is stronger, and the manufacturing is convenient. And because of its structural simplicity, it is easier to operate and maintain, which is more conducive to the platformization of the duplexer.
  • the specific shape of the resonance tube 2, the tuning member 4 and the tuning screw 3 may be various.
  • the shape of the resonance tube 2 may be, but not limited to, a cylindrical shape or a cubic cylinder shape.
  • the shape of the tuning member 4 may also be in the above shape or a cylindrical shape having a longitudinal opening.
  • the shape of the tuning screw 3 is not necessarily limited. As long as the shape of the three can form a double-capacitor structure, the specific shape can be rationally designed according to the actual needs and the ease of manufacture.
  • the shape of the tuning member 4, the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 4 are matched, so that the two poles of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are parallel, the capacitance is maximized, and the variable range of the capacitor is further enabled. Larger, but also easy to manufacture.
  • the tuning screw 3 is cylindrical, and the tuning member 4 and the resonance tube 2 are both cylindrical.
  • the three are preferably coaxially arranged.
  • the three shapes are not adopted, for example, they are all cubic columns, or the shapes of the three are different, when the tuning member 4 is rotated in different directions, the relative amounts of the relative areas and the distances may be different, that is, for different directions of rotation, The correspondence between the rotation angle and the resonance frequency is different, but does not affect the wideband adjustment of the filter.
  • the tuning screw 3 is preferably designed to be cylindrical, and the tuning member 4 and the resonance tube 2 are both designed in a cylindrical shape, and the three are coaxial, which is convenient for manufacturing and improves design flexibility;
  • the tuning effect remains unchanged, which is advantageous for maintaining stable working performance and being easy to use and maintain.
  • the direction of rotation of the tuning member 4 can be various. Specifically, reference is made to the three-dimensional coordinate system in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, wherein the Z axis corresponds to the central axis of the tuning member 4 in the initial position.
  • the tuning member 4 can be rotated in the plane where the X and Z axes are located, as shown in Fig. 7;
  • the tuning member 4 can be rotated in the plane in which the Y and the x-axis are located, as shown in FIG. 8;
  • the tuning member 4 can be rotated in a plane at a 45° angle to the face where the ⁇ and ⁇ axes are located and the X and ⁇ axes, as shown in Fig. 9.
  • the number and arrangement of the resonant cavities 1 can be determined according to actual needs, and need not be strictly limited.
  • the plurality of resonant cavities 1 can be arranged in a straight line in a straight cavity arrangement, that is, in a straight cavity arrangement, as shown in Fig. 10. This arrangement is convenient for manufacturing, and it is convenient to set the tuning member 4 and control its swing.
  • the adjusting structure 5 may specifically include a connecting rod 51 , which is more suitable for the filter arranged in the straight cavity, and the plurality of tuning members 4 are exposed at one end of the resonant tube 2 through the connecting rod 51.
  • the connection forms a unitary structure.
  • the link 51 is rotatable about its own central axis, thereby driving the tuning member 4 to rotate.
  • the central axis of the connecting rod 51 is orthogonal to the central axis of the tuning member 4, that is, the two intersect and are perpendicular to each other.
  • the tuning member 4 and the tuning screw 3 are generally coaxially disposed, and the central axis of the connecting rod 51 is also The center axis of the tuning screw 3 is orthogonal.
  • the central axis of the connecting rod 51 is orthogonal to the central axis of the tuning member 4, so that the center of gravity of the tuning member 4 is located just above the connecting rod 51, which is advantageous for maintaining the stability of the tuning member 4 and facilitating adjustment of its rotation, and is convenient in the manufacturing stage. Establish a correspondence between the rotation angle and the tuning frequency.
  • the adjusting structure 5 may further include a driving mechanism 52 connected to one end of the connecting rod 51 to drive the connecting rod 51 to rotate axially, thereby driving the plurality of tuning members 4 to rotate at the same time.
  • the control mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to operate.
  • the driving mechanism 52 can adopt a stepping motor or a gear transmission control mechanism, and any mechanism that can drive the link 51 to rotate about its central axis can be used.
  • the adjusting device 5 in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above structure, and other reasonable design can be carried out according to actual needs, as long as the adjusting structure of the tuning member 4 relative to the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 3 can be adjusted.
  • the range of the swing angle of the tuning member 4 can be reasonably determined according to actual needs.
  • the tuning screw 3 or the resonance tube 2 is touched, resulting in a short circuit;
  • the tuning frequency is The range is small enough to meet the requirements for broadband adjustment.
  • the rotation angle of the tuning member 4 can be limited to -45 to 45° while ensuring that the tuning member 4 is not in contact with the tuning screw 3 and the resonance tube 2. According to the data recorded in Table 1 above, it can be seen that it is 0 ⁇ 25. Within the range of rotation, the resonant frequency can meet the frequency requirements of DCS, PCS, TD-SCDMA, and UMTS. Now the rotation angle is increased to 45°, and the resonance range can be further increased to make the filter adjustable range wider. To adapt to more applications. It can be understood that the adjustment effect of the tuning member 4 in the forward and reverse directions is symmetrical. That is, the effect of adjusting from 0° to 45° and from 0° to -45° is the same. Of course, the effect of adjusting from 45° and -45° to 0° is the same.
  • two opposite notches 41 may be opened at one end of the tuning member 4 hidden inside the resonance tube 2. And the axes of the two notches 41 are aligned with the rotatable direction of the tuning member 4.
  • the notch 41 can provide a certain safety space for the tuning screw 3, and the tuning screw 3 is prevented from contacting the tuning member 4, thereby improving the filter. Stability and safety.
  • the width of the notch 41 may be slightly larger than the diameter of the tuning screw 3, and the height may be determined according to a preset rotation angle to ensure that the tuning screw 3 does not contact the bottom of the notch 41.
  • the tuning member 4 and the tuning screw 3 can be made of a metal material, and the tuning range is wider.
  • the filter may further include a first cover plate 6 and a second cover plate 7 which are oppositely disposed. As shown in FIG. 4, the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 3 are respectively fixed to the first cover plate 6 and the second cover plate. On board 7, where, The second cover plate 7 is movable in the direction of the central axis of the tuning screw 3 to change the depth of the tuning screw 3 penetrating into the resonance tube 2, thereby changing the second capacitance to change the resonance frequency.
  • the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 3 can be fixed to the corresponding cover plates by screws or the like.
  • the second cover 7 can be moved under the control of the corresponding control device, and the existing control mode can be used, and details are not described herein.
  • the filter has a housing 8, as shown in FIG.
  • the housing 8 may be formed by any member to define a space interval of the housing as a plurality of resonant cavities 1 , each of which has a resonant unit composed of the resonant tube 2 , the tuning member 4 and the tuning screw 3 .
  • the specific cavity design method does not need to be specifically limited.
  • the first cover plate 6 and the second cover plate 7 may be two opposite faces of the casing 8, or may be two cover plates separately provided in the casing 8, but not limited thereto.
  • the filter provided in the embodiment of the present invention adds a tuning member 4 between the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 3 to form a double-capacitor structure.
  • the adjustment structure 5 drives the tuning member 4 to rotate relative to the resonance tube 2 and the tuning screw 4,
  • the purpose of the double capacitance linkage change can be achieved to change the resonance frequency.
  • the dual-capacitor-changing filter has a wider tuning range; compared with the conventional tunable filter without a tuning component, the tuning range is also It can be increased by about 50%; the duplexer using the filter can meet the tuning requirements of a wider frequency band, and is very important for realizing the platformization of the duplexer, reducing management and manufacturing costs.

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Abstract

本发明适用于通信器件领域，提供了一种可调滤波器和包括该滤波器的双工器，该滤波器包括多个谐振腔，每个谐振腔中均设有一谐振管和穿入谐振管围成的空间中的调谐螺杆；还包括设于调谐螺杆和谐振管之间的调谐件，调谐件与谐振管构成第一电容，与调谐螺杆构成第二电容；还包括用于转动调谐件的调节结构，以改变调谐件与谐振管和调谐螺杆之间的相对面积，使第一电容和第二电容联动变化。本发明在调谐螺杆和谐振管之间设置了调谐件，使调谐件与谐振管和调谐螺杆形成双电容结构，通过转动调谐件可实现双电容联动变化，使该滤波器的可调范围较传统的调频范围更大，实现了滤波器的宽带可调，从而实现了双工器的平台化，大幅度的节省了管理和制造成本。

Description

说 明 书 一种可调滤波器及包括该滤波器的双工器
技术领域
本发明属于通信器件领域， 尤其涉及一种可调滤波器及包括该滤-波器的双 工器。 背景技术
基站收发信机模块的双工器由 RF (射频）腔体滤波器构成， 一般位于收发 信机单板背面的结构件上， 用于单路大功率的信号传输， 双工器中的 RF腔体 滤波器包括 TX filter (发射通道滤波器）和 RX filter (接收通道滤波器） 。 随 着移动通信多载波和多制式的发展， 平台化的需求愈演愈烈。 例如， DCS (分散 控制系统）、 PCS (个人通讯服务）、 TD-SCDMA (时分同步码分多址）、 UMTS (通 用移动通信系统）的频段范围为 1710-2170MHz， 这就需要大量不同子频段的双 工器。 若能实现滤波器的宽带可调， 采用一台双工器调试出多种频率的产品， 对提升双工器的平台化， 降低管理和制造成本具有^艮大的意义。
图 1为现有技术中一种腔体滤波器的单腔模型， 台阶 101上固定有谐振杆 102,谐振杆 102等效于电感 ，谐振杆 102 的上表面和调谐螺杆 103顶部连接 的盖板等效于电容 C , 该单腔谐振频率 的计算公式为 Fr = ~ 若要实现 滤波器的宽带可调， 就要保证每个单腔的谐振频率可调， 即使等效电感 L或等 效电容 C可调或二者同时可调。 为了实现该目的， 现有技术出现了多种方案， 现举例如下：
如图 2, 美国专利 US20090058563公开了一种可调滤波器， 在介质 TE (横 电波）模滤波器中， 在腔体 201和盖板 202之间增加了介质调谐块 203和滑槽 板 204, 通过固定介质调谐块 203的螺钉 205在滑槽中移动， 实现介质调谐块 203和介质谐振器 206之间的腔体微扰， 从而改变谐振频点。 但是介质滤波器 的可调范围比较小， 介质块的调谐范围更加有限， 这种滤波器的可调范围仍然 不能满足要求。
如图 3 ,申请号为 2011 10251164.8的中国专利申请公开了一种可调滤波器， 釆用在调谐螺杆 301上绕制电感线圏 302， 通过给电感线圏 302提供不同方向 和大小的电流来改变电感量， 实现腔体微扰， 进而实现可调。 这种技术方案虽 然可以达到不需人工调试即可实现多频段滤波的功能， 但其中的调谐螺杆和盖 板相连的位置处于接地状态零电位， 加电对电感线圏的电感量影响甚微。 并且， 腔体滤波器为典型的分布参数电路滤波器， 而电感线圈属于低频下的集总参数 元件， 在高频下改变集总参数电感的感值和电流方向难以实现腔体谐振频率的 可调性。 因此其可调范围仍然很小， 难以满足宽带可调的要求， 无法实现平台 化。 技术问题
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种可调滤波器， 旨在解决传统可调滤波器 的调谐范围小， 难以实现平台化的问题。 技术解决方案
本发明实施例是这样实现的， 包括多个谐振腔， 每个所述谐振腔中均设有 一谐振管和穿入所述谐振管围成的空间中的调谐螺杆；
还包括设于所述调谐螺杆和谐振管之间的调谐件， 所述调谐件与所述谐振 管构成第一电容， 同时与所述调谐螺杆构成第二电容；
还包括用于转动所述调谐件的调节结构， 以改变所述调谐件与谐振管之间 以及所述调谐件与调谐螺杆之间的相对面积， 使所述第一电容和第二电容联动 变化。
本发明实施例的另一目的在于提供一种双工器， 包括发射通道滤波器和接 收通道滤波器， 所述发射通道滤波器和接收通道滤波器均通过一可调滤波器进 行滤波， 该可调滤波器包括多个谐振腔， 每个所述谐振腔中均设有一谐振管和 穿入所述谐振管围成的空间中的调谐螺杆；
还包括设于所述调谐螺杆和谐振管之间的调谐件， 所述调谐件与所述谐振 管构成第一电容， 同时与所述调谐螺杆构成第二电容；
还包括用于转动所述调谐件的调节结构， 以改变所述调谐件与谐振管之间 以及所述调谐件与调谐螺杆之间的相对面积， 使所述第一电容和第二电容联动 变化。 有益效果
本发明实施例在调谐螺杆和谐振管之间设置了调谐件， 使调谐件与谐振管 和调谐螺杆之间形成了双电容结构， 通过调节结构转动调谐件， 可实现双电容 联动变化， 进而改变谐振频率。 双电容联动变化使该滤波器的可调范围较传统 的调频范围更大， 真正实现了滤波器、 双工器的宽带可调。 采用这种滤、波器的 双工器可根据实际需要调试出不同频率的产品， 不必再釆用大量不同子频段的 双工器， 从而实现了双工器的平台化， 并大幅度的节省了管理和制造成本。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术中滤波器的单腔模型；
图 2是现有技术中的一种可调滤波器的结构示意图；
图 3是现有技术中的另一种可调滤波器的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的单腔结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的单腔工作原理图；
图 6是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的测试数据示意图；
图 7是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器中调谐件的转动方向示意图 （一）； 图 8是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器中调谐件的转动方向示意图 （二）； 图 9是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器中调谐件的转动方向示意图 （三）； 图 10是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的结构示意图；
图 11是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器中调谐件的结构示意图； 图 12是本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器中调谐件的改进结构示意图； 意图。 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实 施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅 仅用以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
图 4示出了本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的单腔结构示意图， 图 5示出 了本发明实施例提供的可调滤波器的单腔工作状态示意图， 图 6示出了本发明 实施例提供的可调滤波器的测试数据示意图， 为了便于说明， 仅示出了与本实 施例相关的部分。
如图 4, 该可调滤波器包括多个谐振腔 1 ,每个谐振腔 1中均设有一谐振管 2和一调谐螺杆 3， 该调谐螺杆 3穿入谐振管 2围成空间中。在调谐螺杆 3和谐 振管 2之间还设有一调谐件 4。 其中， 谐振管 2等效于电感 L , 调谐件 4的外壁 与谐振管 2的内壁等效于电容（第一电容） 调谐件 4的内壁与调谐螺杆 3 的外表面等效于另一电容（第二电容） C2。 调谐件 4与谐振管 2和调谐螺杆 3 构成了并联双电容结构。 谐振管 2、 调谐螺杆 3和调谐件 4三者配合构成一个 具有滤、波功能的谐振单元。 该可调滤波器还包括一调节结构 5， 用于转动调谐 件 4, 进而改变调谐件 4与谐振管 2和调谐螺干 3的相对面积。 可以理解， 调 谐件 4的转动方向可有多种， 只要其中心轴相对调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2的中心 轴发生转动即可改变上述相对面积。
根据电容量的计算公式 = ^^ , 其中， 为常数， S为电容两极的
Ankd nk 相对面积， J为两极之间的距离， 当相对面积 S和距离 d发生变化时， 电容 C便 会随之改变， 进而使谐振频率 Fr = ~ ) =发生改变。 参考附图 5 , 本发明实施例中的调谐件 4在调节结构 5的带动下相对调谐 螺杆 3和谐振管 2向任一方向转动， 当调谐件 4转动某角度 α时， 调谐件 4与 调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2之间的相对面积和距离均发生变化， 使第一电容 G和第 二电容 C2同时改变， 以达到改变谐振频率 ί>的目的。 将调谐件 4转动不同的角 度即可获得不同的谐振频率 Fr。
以下提供一组本实施例所述滤波器的相关测试数据， 参考表 1和附图 6,
Figure imgf000007_0001
上述数据中的摆动角度是这样定义的， 以调谐件 4同调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2共轴时的位置为初始位置， 调谐件 4转动一定角度后， 其中心轴相对于在初 始位置时的偏转角度为转动角度。可以理解，调谐件 4的转动可以是往复运动， 不必限制于仅朝同方向摆动， 因此可定义向某方向转动时， 其转动角度为正值， 向相反方向转动时， 其转动角度为负值。 上述数据仅记载了调谐件朝向同方向 转动的数据， 朝相反方向转动同样可以实现宽带可调， 其详细数据本实施例中 未一一示出。
由上述数据和图 6可见， 当调谐件 4的转动角度在 0~25° 之间变化时， 其 谐振频率不断增大， 可从 1.703 GHz增大至 2.23GHz, 调频范围较宽， 可满足 DCS , PCS , TD-SCDMA、 UMTS等业务的频段需求。
可以理解， 上述数据仅为本发明一种具体实施例的测试数据， 本发明实施 例的重点在于其调谐的可变范围， 而对于其具体的谐振频率值， 可以根据实际 的需要适当调节。 例如实际需要谐振频率为 1.5~2.0GHz， 可通过对谐振管 2、 调谐螺杆 3和调谐件 4的结构和相对位置等进行适当的初始设置， 然后在实际 操作时通过调节调谐件 4来获得不同的谐振频率。 本发明实施例通过在调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2之间设置调谐件， 形成了双电 容结构， 通过调节结构 5带动调谐件 4转动即可实现双电容联动变化， 进而改 变谐振频率， 由于是双电容同时改变， 使其频率的可调范围较传统滤波器的调 频范围更大， 真正实现了滤波器、 双工器的宽带可调。 在实际使用过程中， 仅 釆用一台双工器即可调试出不同频段的产品， 使之适用于多种场合， 从而实现 了双工器的平台化， 并大幅度的节省了管理和制造成本。 并且， 这种滤波器的 结构简单， 不需增加较复杂的器件和控制机构，有效的控制了生产成本的增加。 另外， 调谐件向各方向转动都可以实现双电容联动变化， 其转动支点也不需要 严格限制， 因此其转动的自由度较高， 设计的灵活性更强， 便于加工制造。 且 由于其结构筒单， 使其更容易操作和维护， 更有利于双工器的平台化。
进一步的， 谐振管 2、 调谐件 4与调谐螺杆 3的具体形状可有多种。
具体的， 谐振管 2的形状可以但不限于釆用圆筒形或立方筒形。 调谐件 4 的形状也可以采用上述形状， 亦或是具有一纵向开口的筒形。 同理， 调谐螺杆 3 的形状也不必严格限制。 三者的形状只要能够形成双电容结构即可， 具体的 形状可以根据实际的需求结合制造的难易程度合理设计。
优选的， 调谐件 4、 谐振管 2和调谐螺 4干 3三者的形状相适应， 这样可保 证第一电容和第二电容的两极平行， 使电容量最大化， 进而使电容的可变范围 更大， 同时也便于加工制造。
优选的， 调谐螺杆 3为圓柱形， 调谐件 4和谐振管 2均为圓筒形， 当然， 三者优选共轴设置。 这样， 无论调谐件 4向何方向转动， 只要转动角度相同， 其相对面积和距离的改变量便相同， 因此谐振频率的改变也是相同的。 当三者 不采用上述形状时， 例如均为立方柱形， 或者三者形状不同， 当调谐件 4朝向 不同方向转动时， 其相对面积和距离的改变量可能不同， 即针对不同的转动方 向， 转动角度和谐振频率的对应关系不同， 但并不影响滤波器的宽带可调。 本 实施例优选将调谐螺杆 3设计为圆柱形， 将调谐件 4和谐振管 2均设计为圓筒 形， 且三者共轴， 一方面便于制造， 提高设计的灵活性； 另一方面， 在后续使 用时， 即使调谐件 4的转动方向发生了改变， 其调谐效果仍然保持不变， 利于 保持其稳定的工作性能， 且便于使用和维护。
进一步的， 调谐件 4的转动方向可以有多种。 具体的， 以图 7、 8、 9中的 三维坐标系为参照， 其中的 Z轴对应于调谐件 4在初始位置时的中心轴。
调谐件 4可在 X、 Z轴所在的面内转动， 如图 7;
或者， 调谐件 4可在 Y、 Ζ轴所在的面内转动， 如图 8;
或者， 调谐件 4可在与 Υ、 Ζ轴所在的面和 X、 Ζ轴所在的面呈 45° 角的 平面内转动， 如图 9。
当然， 还可以在其他面内转动， 都可改变调谐件 4与调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2之间的相对面积和距离 , 进而改变第一电容和第二电容。
在本实施例中， 谐振腔 1的数量和排布方式可根据实际需要确定， 不必严 格限制。
优选的， 多个谐振腔 1可采用直腔排列的方式呈一字排布， 即直腔排布， 如图 10 , 这种排布方式便于制造， 并且便于设置调谐件 4并控制其摆动。
进一步的， 参考图 1 1 , 调节结构 5具体可以包括一连杆 51 , 该结构较适合 上述直腔排布的滤波器， 多个调谐件 4外露于谐振管 2 的一端可通过连杆 51 依次连接形成一体结构。 并且， 该连杆 51可以绕其自身的中心轴转动， 进而带 动调谐件 4转动。
优选的， 连杆 51的中心轴可与调谐件 4的中心轴正交， 即二者相交且相互 垂直， 当然， 调谐件 4与调谐螺杆 3通常共轴设置， 连杆 51的中心轴同样与调 谐螺杆 3的中心轴正交。连杆 51的中心轴与调谐件 4的中心轴正交，使调谐件 4的重心恰好位于连杆 51的正上方， 有利于保持调谐件 4的稳定并便于调节其 转动， 且便于在制造阶段建立转动角度与调谐频率的对应关系。
进一步的， 该调节结构 5还可以包括连接于连杆 51一端的驱动机构 52 , 以驱动连杆 51轴向转动， 进而带动多个调谐件 4同时转动， 这种控制机构结构 简单、 易操作。 具体的， 该驱动机构 52可以采用步进电机或齿轮传动控制机构，一切可驱 动连杆 51绕其中心轴转动的机构均可。
可以理解， 本发明实施例中的调节装置 5不限于上述结构， 还可以根据实 际需要进行其他合理设计， 只要能够使调谐件 4相对谐振管 2和调谐螺杆 3摆 动的调节结构即可。
在本实施例中， 调谐件 4的摆动角度范围可以根据实际需要合理确定， 当 转动角度过大时， 会碰触调谐螺杆 3或谐振管 2 , 导致短路； 当转动角度过小 时， 调谐频率的范围较小， 不足以满足宽带可调的要求。
优选的， 可以在保证调谐件 4与调谐螺杆 3和谐振管 2不接触的前提下， 将调谐件 4的转动角度限定为 -45〜45° 。根据上述表 1记录的数据可知，在 0~25 。 的转动范围内， 谐振频率已能够满足 DCS、 PCS , TD-SCDMA, UMTS的频 段需求， 现转动角度增大至 45° , 其谐振范围还可进一步增加， 使滤波器的可 调范围更宽， 以适应更多应用场合。 可以理解， 调谐件 4在向正反两个方向转 动的过程中， 其调节效果是对称的。 即从 0° 向 45° 调节和从 0° 向 -45° 调节 的效果是相同的， 当然， 从 45° 和 -45° 向 0° 调节的效果也是相同的。
进一步参考图 12、 13 , 作为本发明实施例的一种改进， 为了避免调谐螺杆 3和调谐件 4接触， 还可以在调谐件 4隐藏于谐振管 2之内的一端开设两个相 对的缺口 41， 并且使这两个缺口 41 的轴线与调谐件 4的可转动方向一致。 当 调谐件 4转动角度过大致使其端部即将碰触调谐螺杆 3时，该缺口 41可以为调 谐螺杆 3提供一定的安全空间， 避免调谐螺杆 3与调谐件 4接触， 进而提高了 滤波器的稳定性和安全性。
具体的， 该缺口 41的宽度可略大于调谐螺杆 3的直径， 高度可根据预设的 转动角度确定， 保证调谐螺杆 3不会接触缺口 41的底部。
在本实施例中， 调谐件 4和调谐螺杆 3可采用金属材质， 调谐范围更宽。 在本实施例中， 该滤波器还可包括相对设置的第一盖板 6和第二盖板 7， 如图 4, 谐振管 2和调谐螺杆 3分别固定于第一盖板 6和第二盖板 7上， 其中， 第二盖板 7可沿调谐螺杆 3的中心轴方向移动， 以改变调谐螺杆 3穿入谐振管 2中的深度， 进而改变第二电容以改变谐振频率。
具体的，谐振管 2和调谐螺杆 3可以通过螺钉等零件固定在相应的盖板上。 第二盖板 7可以在相应控制装置的控制下移动， 具体可采用现有的控制方式， 此处不再赘述。
当然， 该滤波器具有一壳体 8, 如图 10。 该壳体 8中可采用任意构件将壳 体围成的空间隔设为多个谐振腔 1 ,每个谐振腔 1中具有一个由谐振管 2、调谐 件 4和调谐螺杆 3构成的谐振单元， 具体的腔体设计方式不需具体限制。 另外， 上述的第一盖板 6和第二盖板 7可以是壳体 8的两个相对面， 也可以是在壳体 8中另设的两个盖板， 但不以此为限。
本发明实施例提供的滤波器在谐振管 2和调谐螺杆 3之间增设了调谐件 4, 形成了双电容结构， 通过调节结构 5带动调谐件 4相对谐振管 2和调谐螺 4干 3 转动， 可达到双电容联动变化以改变谐振频率的目的。 与传统的介质可调和电 感可调的滤波器相比， 该双电容联动变化的滤波器具有更宽的调谐范围； 与传 统未设有调谐件的电容可调滤波器相比， 其调谐范围亦可增大 50%左右； 采用 该滤波器的双工器可满足较宽频带的调谐要求， 对于实现双工器的平台化、 降 低管理和制造成本具有非常重要的意义。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种可调滤波器， 包括多个谐振腔， 每个所述谐振腔中均设有一谐振管 和穿入所述谐振管围成的空间中的调谐螺杆；
其特征在于， 还包括设于所述调谐螺杆和谐振管之间的调谐件， 所述调谐 件与所述谐振管构成第一电容， 同时与所述调谐螺杆构成第二电容；
还包括用于转动所述调谐件的调节结构， 以改变所述调谐件与谐振管之间 以及所述调谐件与调谐螺杆之间的相对面积， 使所述第一电容和第二电容联动 变化。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述调谐件的形状与所 述谐振管的形状相适配。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述谐振管和调谐件均 为圓筒形， 所述调谐螺杆为圓柱形。
4、如权利要求 1所述的可调滤波器，其特征在于，所述调节结构包括连杆； 所述多个谐振腔呈一字排布， 所述多个调谐件通过所述连杆依次连接形成一体 结构， 所述连杆可轴向转动以带动所述调谐件转动。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述调节结构还包括连 接于所述连杆的一端、 用于驱动所述连杆轴向转动的驱动机构。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述调谐件的转动角度 为— 45。 〜45。 。
7、 如权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述调谐件 位于所述谐振管之内的一端设有两个相对的缺口， 所述两个缺口的轴线与所述 调谐件的转动方向一致。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 所述调谐件和调谐螺杆 均采用金属材质。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的可调滤波器， 其特征在于， 还包括相对设置的第一 盖板和第二盖板， 所述谐振管和调谐螺杆分别固定于所述第一盖板和第二盖板 上， 所述第二盖板可沿所述调谐螺杆的中心轴方向移动以改变所述第二电容。
10、 一种双工器， 包括发射通道滤波器和接收通道滤波器， 所述发射通道 滤波器和接收通道滤波器均通过一可调滤波器进行滤波， 其特征在于，
所述可调滤波器包括多个谐振腔， 每个所述谐振腔中均设有一谐振管和穿 入所述谐振管围成的空间中的调谐螺杆；
还包括设于所述调谐螺杆和谐振管之间的调谐件， 所述调谐件与所述谐振 管构成第一电容， 同时与所述调谐螺杆构成第二电容；
还包括用于转动所述调谐件的调节结构， 以改变所述调谐件与谐振管之间 以及所述调谐件与调谐螺杆之间的相对面积， 使所述第一电容和第二电容联动 变化。
PCT/CN2012/086836 2012-04-28 2012-12-18 一种可调滤波器及包括该滤波器的双工器 Ceased WO2013159545A1 (zh)

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