WO2013162042A1 - 安定な眼内レンズ用重合性紫外線吸収色素 - Google Patents
安定な眼内レンズ用重合性紫外線吸収色素 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013162042A1 WO2013162042A1 PCT/JP2013/062537 JP2013062537W WO2013162042A1 WO 2013162042 A1 WO2013162042 A1 WO 2013162042A1 JP 2013062537 W JP2013062537 W JP 2013062537W WO 2013162042 A1 WO2013162042 A1 WO 2013162042A1
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- acrylate
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- 0 *c(c(N=Nc1ccccc1)c1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O Chemical compound *c(c(N=Nc1ccccc1)c1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O 0.000 description 1
- OADXPBCLSVKKKO-BYYHNAKLSA-N CC(C(NCCc(cc1)ccc1/N=N/c(c(O)c1)cc(C(c2ccccc2)=O)c1O)=O)=C Chemical compound CC(C(NCCc(cc1)ccc1/N=N/c(c(O)c1)cc(C(c2ccccc2)=O)c1O)=O)=C OADXPBCLSVKKKO-BYYHNAKLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZWVXMVWAOUDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(NCc(cc1)ccc1[N+]([O-])=O)=O)=C Chemical compound CC(C(NCc(cc1)ccc1[N+]([O-])=O)=O)=C IZWVXMVWAOUDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OYOKEBJLTMGORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(Nc1ccc(CCNC(C(C)=C)=O)cc1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(Nc1ccc(CCNC(C(C)=C)=O)cc1)=O OYOKEBJLTMGORC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROGQELZLNBCXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(Nc1ccc(CCNC(C=C)=O)cc1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(Nc1ccc(CCNC(C=C)=O)cc1)=O ROGQELZLNBCXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAFUHGPESJSRJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOc(cc1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O Chemical compound CCOc(cc1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O JAFUHGPESJSRJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRUFISWPADUQAG-QVIHXGFCSA-N CC[O](C)c(c(/N=N/c1ccc(CCNC(C=C)=O)cc1)c1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O Chemical compound CC[O](C)c(c(/N=N/c1ccc(CCNC(C=C)=O)cc1)c1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O YRUFISWPADUQAG-QVIHXGFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODVBBZFQPGORMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCc(cc1)ccc1[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound NCc(cc1)ccc1[N+]([O-])=O ODVBBZFQPGORMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oc(cc1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O Chemical compound Oc(cc1)cc(O)c1C(c1ccccc1)=O ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B29/00—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B29/0003—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from diazotized anilines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B69/00—Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
- C09B69/10—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds
- C09B69/106—Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds containing an azo dye
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses or corneal implants; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
- A61F2002/16965—Lens includes ultraviolet absorber
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/16—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of eye parts, e.g. intraocular lens, cornea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/16—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C245/00—Compounds containing chains of at least two nitrogen atoms with at least one nitrogen-to-nitrogen multiple bond
- C07C245/02—Azo compounds, i.e. compounds having the free valencies of —N=N— groups attached to different atoms, e.g. diazohydroxides
- C07C245/06—Azo compounds, i.e. compounds having the free valencies of —N=N— groups attached to different atoms, e.g. diazohydroxides with nitrogen atoms of azo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C245/08—Azo compounds, i.e. compounds having the free valencies of —N=N— groups attached to different atoms, e.g. diazohydroxides with nitrogen atoms of azo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with the two nitrogen atoms of azo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings, e.g. azobenzene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/60—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/60—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen
- C08F220/603—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen and containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen and nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/62—Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/68—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08L33/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B29/00—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling
- C09B29/10—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from coupling components containing hydroxy as the only directing group
- C09B29/12—Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling from coupling components containing hydroxy as the only directing group of the benzene series
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dye for coloring an intraocular lens, and more particularly to a polymerizable dye having an ability to absorb ultraviolet light and blue light.
- Cataract is a disease in which the entire visual field is fogged by turbidity and pigment formation and deposition in the lens.
- an operation is generally performed in which an opaque lens is removed and an intraocular lens (IOL) is inserted and placed in the lens capsule.
- IOL intraocular lens
- Many of the intraocular lens materials used for treatment are acrylic or silicon-based polymers, and in particular, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been used for some time.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- the original crystalline lens has the property of not transmitting ultraviolet rays, whereas the conventional polymer for intraocular lenses transmits ultraviolet rays, so there is a risk of damaging the retina.
- the original crystalline lens is slightly yellowish and has a property of suppressing transmission of part of light in the blue region.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 Various types of such monomer compounds have been developed so far (Patent Documents 1 to 4), and other intraocular lens materials having a chromophore such as an azo group and an ultraviolet absorber such as a benzophenone skeleton in one molecule. Monomer compounds that can be copolymerized with other monomers have also been developed (Patent Documents 5 and 6).
- the polymerizable ultraviolet-absorbing dye monomers described in Patent Documents 5 and 6 have poor stability against pH change, particularly stability under alkaline conditions, and the dye sites (chromophores and UV-absorbing portions) are easily detached from the polymer. There is a problem. In particular, in the case of an intraocular lens material having a long intraocular implantation period, the risk of detachment of the pigment site is further increased. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain a polymerizable ultraviolet-absorbing dye monomer that is stable even under alkaline conditions.
- the present inventor has found that the stability problem with respect to pH change is caused by the presence of an ester bond between the dye moiety in the monomer and the polymerizable group. . And it discovered that the polymerizable ultraviolet-ray-absorbing dye monomer compound represented by the following general formula (1) can solve the above problems. That is, the present invention is as follows.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as the dye compound of the present invention).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group or a benzyloxy group, preferably Is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.
- R 3 is represented by the following formula (2).
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 5 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, preferably a substituted group. (It is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which does not have a group.)
- Another aspect of the present invention is a polymer obtained by copolymerizing the dye compound of the present invention and one or more other polymerizable monomers (hereinafter also referred to as the polymer of the present invention).
- another aspect of the present invention is an intraocular lens formed by molding the polymer of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the intraocular lens of the present invention).
- a polymerizable UV-absorbing dye monomer that is stable even under alkaline conditions.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) has, in its molecule, a benzophenone skeleton having ultraviolet absorption performance, an azobenzene skeleton having blue light absorption performance, and a polymerizable group, so that it is copolymerized with other polymerizable monomers.
- a polymer can be obtained, and the polymer is useful as a material for an intraocular lens.
- 10 is a chart showing an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the polymer sheet obtained in Example 13.
- 10 is a chart showing an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the polymer sheet obtained in Example 14.
- FIG. It is a chart showing the ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum of the filtrate after alkali-treating a polymer.
- the dye compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a sulfonic acid group, or a benzyloxy group.
- a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency in production.
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the dye compound of the present invention has a benzophenone skeleton and an azobenzene skeleton, and these are dye parts.
- R 3 is represented by the following formula (2).
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 5 is a C 1-4 alkylene group which may have a single bond or a substituent, and preferably a C 1-4 alkylene group which does not have a substituent. is there.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms means a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, or a butylene group.
- Such an alkylene group may or may not have a substituent, and in the case of having a substituent, the alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, a halogen group, a carboxyl group, and a carboxy carbon atom having 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
- the substituent R 3 is a group in which a spacer is bonded to the polymerizable group (meth) acryloylamino group, and is a site involved in copolymerization in the dye compound of the present invention. Due to the structure represented by the general formula (2), the dye compound of the present invention has a property of high reaction efficiency with other polymerizable monomers.
- (meth) acryloyl means acryloyl or methacryloyl.
- the substituent R 3 is preferably bonded to the 3rd or 4th position of the azophenyl group.
- the dye compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (1) is not particularly limited, but preferred examples include those having the following structures.
- the dye compound of the present invention has, in one molecule, a benzophenone skeleton (ultraviolet absorption part) having ultraviolet absorption ability and an azobenzene skeleton (chromophore) having blue region light absorption ability. Due to the presence of these dye sites, the dye compound of the present invention has the performance (light absorption characteristics) of suppressing transmission in the ultraviolet region (wavelength 380 nm or less) and the blue region (wavelength 380 to 500 nm).
- the dye compound of the present invention is a conventional dye compound (for example, 2,4dihydroxy-5- (4- (2- (N-2-methacryloyloxyethyl) carbamoyloxy) ethylphenylazo) benzophenone described in Patent Document 6).
- a conventional dye compound for example, 2,4dihydroxy-5- (4- (2- (N-2-methacryloyloxyethyl) carbamoyloxy) ethylphenylazo) benzophenone described in Patent Document 6).
- BMAC blue-methacryloyloxyethyl
- the light absorption characteristics are more excellent. Specifically, when the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum is measured, the rising edge of the chart appears sharply around 420 to 500 nm, and the light transmission suppression ability in the ultraviolet / blue region is excellent.
- the dye compound of the present invention has an ultraviolet absorption part and a chromophore (collectively referred to as a dye part) in one molecule, the chromophore is damaged by ultraviolet rays, and the dye is faded over time. Hard to occur.
- the polymerizable group and the dye part are connected by an amide bond. Since such a bond is stable even under alkaline conditions, the dye moiety is not detached from the polymer of the present invention described later. As a result, the stability under alkaline conditions, which is poor with conventional dye compounds having ester bonds and copolymers using the same, is realized.
- the method for producing the coloring compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be produced by the following synthesis methods 1 to 3.
- the amino group bonded to the aromatic group is protected with a protective group, or a compound having a protective group introduced in advance is used. It is preferable to remove the protecting group by acid treatment or the like.
- the dye compound of the present invention can be obtained by a protective step for introducing a protecting group into an aliphatic amine of an aminoaryl compound, a diazotization step for diazotizing an aminoaryl compound protected with an aliphatic amine to obtain a diazonium salt.
- the diazo coupling step of obtaining a diazo compound by diazo coupling of the diazonium salt and the benzophenone compound, the deprotection step of removing the protecting group of the aliphatic amine by acid treatment, and the resulting diazo compound with an acrylic acid compound or methacrylic acid It can also be produced by a synthesis method including an amidation step in which a compound or the like is reacted by an amidation reaction to introduce a polymerizable group.
- the diazotization process in each synthetic method mentioned above can be performed by a well-known method.
- the diazotizing agent sodium nitrite or sodium nitrite aqueous solution, potassium nitrite or potassium nitrite aqueous solution, isoamyl nitrite, and / or nitrosyl sulfuric acid (sulfuric acid solution) can be used.
- the amount of the diazotizing agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.00 to 1.20 mol, more preferably 1.02 to 1.10 mol, per mol of the polymerizable group-containing aminoaryl compound. preferable.
- the reaction temperature in the diazotization step is in the range of ⁇ 78 ° C.
- the diazotization step is preferably carried out under neutral to acidic conditions, and an acid such as hydrochloric acid can be appropriately added to the reaction solvent.
- the diazo coupling step in the synthesis methods 2 and 3 is preferably carried out under weak base conditions using a weak base as a catalyst.
- a weak base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide generally used in the diazo coupling reaction.
- a strong base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide generally used in the diazo coupling reaction.
- the yield decreases, the use of a weak base can remarkably suppress the decomposition and ensure sufficient reactivity, and as a result, the reaction yield can be dramatically increased. is there.
- the vinyl group contained in the diazonium salt is also known to polymerize in the presence of the strong base as described above, which causes a significant decrease in yield, but a weak base can be used instead of the strong base.
- the weak base used here is a salt composed of a strong alkali and a weak acid, and the aqueous solution thereof does not hydrolyze an amide bond at 1 atm, 0 ° C. to 25 ° C., and does not cause a vinyl group polymerization reaction.
- a weak base such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium acetate or potassium acetate.
- the amount of the weak base used is preferably 4.0 to 10.0 mol, more preferably 6.0 to 8.0 mol per mol of diazonium salt in terms of sodium equivalent.
- the reaction temperature in the diazo coupling step is in the range of ⁇ 10 ° C. to 10 ° C., more preferably in the range of ⁇ 5 ° C. to 5 ° C.
- Reaction solvents in the diazo coupling step include organic solvents (alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, amides such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone).
- organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, amides such as N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- Solvents such as sulfolane, sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, ureido solvents such as tetramethylurea, halogen solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, diethyl Ether solvents such as ether and tetrahydrofuran, pyridine solvents such as pyridine, ⁇ -picoline and 2,6-lutidine, etc.) alone or as a mixed system of a plurality of types, or in addition, a mixed system of an organic solvent and water and a single water system Can be used But is preferably an alcoholic solvent in these, It is also preferred to use a mixture of water thereto. Furthermore, depending on the reaction, in addition to the alcohol solvent and water, an amide solvent, ester solvent and ether solvent may be added and used.
- aminoaryl compound is represented by (i) or (v) in the above reaction formula
- nitroaryl compound is represented by (ix).
- polymerizable aminoaryl compound is represented by (vi) or (vii) in the above reaction formula
- polymerizable nitroaryl compound is represented by the same (x).
- the polymerizable aminoaryl compound or polymerizable nitroaryl compound is an amino-substituted aromatic amine or an amidation reaction between a nitro-substituted aromatic amine and (meth) acrylic acid, an amino-substituted aromatic alkylamine or a nitro-substituted aromatic alkylamine.
- An amidation reaction of (meth) acrylic acid with an amino-substituted aromatic amine or nitro-substituted aromatic amine and (meth) acrylic acid chloride, an amino-substituted aromatic alkylamine or a nitro-substituted aromatic alkylamine It can be obtained by an amidation reaction with (meth) acrylic acid chloride.
- the amino group is t-butoxycarbonyl group, benzyloxycarbonyl group, 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl group, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxycarbonyl group, allyloxycarbonyl group, p
- a protecting group such as a toluenesulfonyl group or 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group can be used.
- polymerizable aminoaryl compound examples include N- (4-aminophenyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-[(4-aminophenyl) methyl] (meth) acrylamide, and N- [2- (4-aminophenyl) ethyl.
- Examples of the polymerizable nitroaryl compound include N- (4-nitrophenyl) (meth) acrylamide, N-[(4-nitrophenyl) methyl] (meth) acrylamide, and N- [2- (4-nitrophenyl).
- a synthesis method in which an amidation step is performed before the diazo coupling step as in the synthesis method 2 or the synthesis method 3 is preferable.
- the diazotization step of synthesis method 1 there is a concern about the formation of a highly reactive by-product due to diazotization of an aliphatic amine. This is because the production of such a by-product can be avoided because the diazotization step is performed after the introduction by the azotization reaction.
- the reaction efficiency is good, and the dye compound of the present invention can be obtained with a high yield.
- the nitroaryl compound used as a starting material in the synthesis method 3 is less expensive than the aminoaryl compound. Furthermore, in the amidation reaction, when a polymerizable group is introduced, a by-product in which two molecules of the polymerizable group are introduced with respect to the amino group is formed, but this occurs when a nitroaryl compound is amidated. Removal of by-products is easier than when, for example, an aminoaryl compound is amidated. Therefore, in view of such economical points and simplicity of operation, the synthesis method 3 using a nitroaryl compound as a starting material is particularly preferable as a method for producing the dye compound of the present invention.
- the dye compound of the present invention can be industrially produced by the synthesis method 2 or the synthesis method 3, and can be used as a useful dye or a polymerizable ultraviolet absorbing dye monomer.
- the dye compound of the present invention can be copolymerized with one or more other copolymerization monomers to form a polymer.
- the dye compound of the present invention since the chromophore and the polymerizable group are sterically separated, the polymerization is not inhibited. Therefore, it can be used as a copolymerizable monomer having good reactivity with other copolymerizable monomers.
- limit especially as said other copolymerization monomer if it is normally used For example, the following are mentioned.
- (Meth) acrylate means “acrylate” or “methacrylate”, and the same applies to (meth) acrylic acid derivatives.
- one or more of the above copolymerization monomers may be selected and polymerized to form a macromonomer, which may be used as one of the copolymerization monomers for polymer production.
- the polymer of the present invention can be obtained by blending the dye compound of the present invention and one or more other copolymerization monomers in an arbitrary amount, mixing them uniformly, and then copolymerizing them.
- the proportion of the pigment compound of the present invention is influenced by the thickness of the use of the polymer, for example, an intraocular lens.
- the amount is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 2 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.01 to 0.06 parts by weight. If it is less than 0.001 part by weight, the color of the polymer may be deteriorated.
- the polymer of the present invention can be synthesized by a method commonly used in the art.
- the dye compound of the present invention and one or more other copolymerization monomers are uniformly mixed, and if necessary, a polymerization initiator is added and gradually heated in a temperature range from room temperature to about 130 ° C. Or by irradiation with electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, ultraviolet rays and radiation (gamma rays).
- a polymerization initiator is added and gradually heated in a temperature range from room temperature to about 130 ° C.
- electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, ultraviolet rays and radiation (gamma rays).
- various methods commonly used by those skilled in the art such as radical polymerization, bulk polymerization, or solvent polymerization, can be employed.
- heat polymerization the temperature is raised stepwise. You may let them.
- polymerization initiator examples include azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisdimethylvaleronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydro Radical polymerization initiators such as peroxide and benzoyl peroxide can be mentioned, and one or more of these can be used.
- the amount used is preferably in the range of about 0.01 to 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of all the copolymerization monomer mixtures.
- polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers mainly absorbing the ultraviolet part
- polymerizable dyes examples that absorb mainly light in the blue region without ultraviolet absorption ability
- a polymerizable ultraviolet absorbing dye can be used in combination.
- the combined use of these polymerizable UV absorbers, polymerizable dyes and polymerizable UV absorbing dyes makes it possible to finely adjust the balance between the UV absorption performance and the blue region light absorption performance of the finally obtained polymer.
- the polymer of the present invention is applied to an intraocular lens material as described later, such a combination is useful for adjusting the color tone of the intraocular lens and sufficiently imparting ultraviolet absorption ability. .
- the addition amount is preferably adjusted to be 0.01 parts by weight or more, more preferably 0.05 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of all the comonomer mixture, and a sufficient polymerization rate and degree of polymerization. Is preferably adjusted to 5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 3 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of all copolymerization monomers.
- polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers examples include benzophenone-based polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-253248 and benzotriazole-based polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2685980. Can be used. Specific examples include 2-hydroxy-4- (meth) acryloyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (meth) acryloyloxy-5-t-butylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (meth) acryloyloxy.
- Benzophenone-based polymerizable UV absorbers such as -2 ', 4'-dichlorobenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (2'-hydroxy-3'-(meth) acryloyloxypropoxy) benzophenone; 2- (2'-hydroxy -5 ′-(meth) acryloyloxyethylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(meth) acryloyloxyethylphenyl) -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- ( 2'-hydroxy-5 '-(meth) acryloyloxypropylphenyl) -2H- Benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(meth) acryloyloxypropyl-3′-t-butylphenyl) -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′- Benzotriazole polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers such as (2 "
- Salicylic acid derivative-based polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers such as 2-cyano-3-phenyl-3- (3 ′-(meth) acryloyloxyphenyl) propenyl acid methyl ester, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Can be used.
- polymerizable dyes examples include azo, anthraquinone, nitro, and phthalocyanine polymerizable dyes disclosed in JP-A-10-251537. These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- Specific examples of the polymerizable azo dye include 1-phenylazo-4- (meth) acryloyloxynaphthalene, 1-phenylazo-2-hydroxy-3- (meth) acryloyloxynaphthalene, 1-naphthylazo-2-hydroxy.
- polymerizable anthraquinone dyes include, for example, 1,5-bis ((meth) acryloylamino) -9,10-anthraquinone, 1- (4′-vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone, 4 -Amino-1- (4'-vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone, 5-amino-1- (4'-vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone, 8-amino-1- (4 ' -Vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone, 4-nitro-1- (4'-vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone, 4-hydroxy-1- (4'-vinylbenzoylamide) -9, 10-anthraquinone, 1- (3′-vinylbenzoylamide) -9,10-anthraquinone
- polymerizable nitro dye examples include o-nitroanilinomethyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
- polymerizable phthalocyanine dye examples include (meth) acryloylated tetraamino copper phthalocyanine, (meth) acryloylated (dodecanoylated tetraamino copper phthalocyanine), and the like.
- polymerizable UV-absorbing dyes that can be used in combination for the above purpose include, for example, 2,4-dihydroxy-3 (p-styrenoazo) benzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxy-5- (p-styrenoazo).
- a crosslinking agent in the copolymerization of the polymer of the present invention or by using a macromonomer having two or more polymerizable groups in the molecule as a copolymerization monomer, a tertiary is incorporated in the obtained polymer.
- An original cross-linked structure can be formed.
- the mechanical strength and hardness of the polymer can be improved, and the elution of the monomer (including the dye compound of the present invention) from the polymer can be suppressed.
- the polymer of the present invention is used as a material for an intraocular lens as described later, an intraocular lens that is uniform, transparent, and has excellent optical properties without distortion can be obtained. Chemical resistance, heat resistance, solvent resistance).
- the blending ratio is preferably used within a range of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of all copolymer monomer mixtures. If it is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect is difficult to obtain, and if it exceeds 10 parts by weight, the resulting polymer tends to be brittle.
- the macromonomer as described above include butanediol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and propylene glycol di (meth).
- various functionalities can be imparted to the polymer of the present invention by selecting an appropriate copolymerization monomer.
- silicon-containing (meth) acrylates, silicon-containing monomers such as silicon-containing styrene derivatives, fluorine-containing alkyl (meth) acrylates, and the like are selected as copolymerization monomers.
- alkyl (meth) acrylates, styrene derivatives including styrene, (meth) acrylic acid, or the like may be selected as a copolymerization monomer.
- the anti-lipid contamination function is obtained when the polymer of the present invention is used as a material for an intraocular lens as described later. Can be provided.
- the copolymerization monomer such as hydroxy (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamides, aminoalkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylates, N-vinyl lactams, etc.
- a monomer having a hydrophilic group may be selected, and a water-containing flexible intraocular lens can be obtained when the polymer of the present invention is used as a material for an intraocular lens as described later.
- a monomer containing an aromatic ring such as a styrene monomer or an aromatic ring-containing (meth) acrylate
- the polymer of the present invention can be used as a lens material having a high refractive index.
- the copolymerization monomer for imparting various functions to the polymer of the present invention is selected and blended as described above, it is preferably 0.01 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of all copolymerization monomer mixtures. More preferably, it is 0.05 parts by weight or more, and is adjusted as appropriate so that it is preferably 5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 3 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of all the copolymerization monomer mixtures.
- the polymer of the present invention blocks ultraviolet light and absorbs blue region light.
- the strength can be reduced.
- the light transmittance decreases from around 500 nm, and it is preferable that the light transmittance is 0% below 400 nm. More preferably, when the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum is measured, the rising of the chart appears sharply at around 420 to 500 nm, and the light transmission suppression ability in the ultraviolet / blue region is superior to conventional dye compounds (such as BMAC).
- the dye compound of the present invention since the dye compound of the present invention is directly bonded to the polymer chain by copolymerization, the dye compound of the present invention does not elute from the polymer of the present invention. This can be confirmed by the fact that the light transmittance spectrum does not change before and after the polymer of the present invention is immersed in ethanol at 40 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the amide bond connecting the polymerizable group and the dye moiety is stable even under alkaline conditions (for example, pH 12 or higher), and therefore the dye moiety is detached from the polymer of the present invention. There is nothing.
- Intraocular lens of the present invention The polymer of the present invention can be used as an intraocular lens material.
- a dye compound increases its hardness when added to a polymer.
- the dye compound of the present invention is excellent in flexibility
- the inner lens can be expected to retain flexibility and can be easily handled during treatment.
- the polymer of the present invention exhibits excellent resistance to light and chemical agents, has high fastness, and does not elute the dye part from the polymer. Therefore, the polymer is excellent in safety and has no decolorization or discoloration. An inner lens can be obtained.
- the polymer of the present invention can be used as a material for glasses, sunglasses, contact lenses and the like, and can also be used for paints and building materials.
- the polymer of the present invention has a chemically stable dye moiety, and can be used without deterioration even outdoors or in severe environments where temperature changes and pH changes are expected to be severe.
- the polymer of the present invention When used as an intraocular lens material, it can be molded by a known method. For example, a polymerization reaction is performed in an appropriate mold or container to obtain a rod-like, block-like, or plate-like polymer, which is then processed into a desired shape by mechanical processing such as cutting or polishing, or desired shape A method of performing a polymerization reaction in a mold corresponding to the above to obtain a polymer molded product, and then mechanically finishing as required. Further, the support portion of the intraocular lens may be manufactured separately from the intraocular lens and attached later, or may be molded simultaneously (integrally) with the intraocular lens.
- surface modification treatment may be performed as necessary to make the lens surface hydrophilic, and plasma treatment or treatment with ultraviolet rays is preferable, and corona Discharge treatment, glow discharge treatment or ultraviolet / ozone treatment is more preferred.
- a processing apparatus and a processing method at that time a conventionally known normal apparatus and method can be used.
- N- [2- (4-Nitrophenyl) ethyl] methacrylamide (1.20 g) was then dissolved in ethanol (15 mL) and water (5 mL).
- Ammonium chloride (364 mg) and iron powder (933 mg) were added and refluxed at 80 ° C. for 4 hours.
- the iron powder was collected by filtration and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Water and ethyl acetate were added, extraction operation was performed, and washing was performed with water and saturated brine.
- the extract was dried over sodium sulfate, and the desiccant was collected by filtration, followed by concentration, and the target product was obtained as a pale red oil. The yield was 1.01 g (97%).
- N- (4-nitrobenzyl) methacrylamide (811 mg) was then dissolved in ethanol (12 mL) and water (4 mL).
- Ammonium chloride (183 mg) and iron powder (573 mg) were added and refluxed at 80 ° C. for 4 hours.
- the iron powder was collected by filtration and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Water and ethyl acetate were added, extraction operation was performed, and washing was performed with water and saturated brine.
- the extract was dried over sodium sulfate, and the desiccant was collected by filtration, followed by concentration, and the target product was obtained as a pale red oil. Yield was 580 mg (89%).
- the polymerizable ultraviolet absorbing dye of the present invention was synthesized using the polymerizable aminoaryl compound synthesized as described above. Examples 1 to 12 are shown below.
- N- [2- [4- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) phenyl] ethyl] methacrylamide (609 mg) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (2 mL), and 4M hydrogen chloride in ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes and then concentrated under reduced pressure. This concentrated residue was dissolved in 1M hydrochloric acid (4 mL), a solution of sodium nitrite (145 mg) in water (10 mL) was added dropwise under ice cooling, and the mixture was stirred at 4 ° C. for 40 minutes to prepare a diazonium salt.
- N- [2- [4- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) phenyl] ethyl] acrylamide (581 mg) was acid-treated and then diazonium chlorided in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (428 mg) and diazo cup. Ringing was performed to obtain the target product. Yield was 313 mg (38%). With respect to the obtained compound, spectral data of 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) are shown.
- N- [2- [4- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) phenyl] ethyl] acrylamide (581 mg) was acid-treated and then diazonium-chlorinated to give 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (456 mg). Diazo coupling was performed to obtain the target product. Yield was 510 mg (59%). With respect to the obtained compound, spectral data of 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) are shown.
- N- [2- [4- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) phenyl] ethyl] acrylamide (581 mg) was acid-treated and then diazonium-chlorinated to give 4-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone (485 mg). Diazo coupling was performed to obtain the target product. The yield was 583 mg (66%). With respect to the obtained compound, spectral data of 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) are shown.
- HBZ-PHM was synthesized by the following method different from Example 1.
- N- [2- [4-aminophenyl] ethyl] methacrylamide 930 mg
- 1M hydrochloric acid 15 mL
- a solution of sodium nitrite 355 mg
- water 5 mL
- the mixture was stirred at 0 ° C. to prepare a diazonium salt.
- 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (975 mg) was dissolved in ethanol (40 mL), and a solution of sodium carbonate (970 mg) in water (40 mL) was added.
- a solution containing the above diazonium salt was added dropwise to the mixture under ice cooling.
- N- [4- (tert-butoxycarbonylamino) benzyl] methacrylamide (581 mg) was subjected to acid treatment followed by diazonium chloride, followed by diazo coupling with 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (456 mg).
- the target product was obtained. Yield was 511 mg (59%).
- spectral data of 1 H-NMR 400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) are shown.
- MBZ-BZM was synthesized by the following method different from Example 11.
- N- [4-aminobenzyl] methacrylamide 574 mg
- 1M hydrochloric acid 9 mL
- a solution of sodium nitrite 210 mg
- 3 mL 3 mL
- a diazonium salt was prepared.
- 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (637 mg) was dissolved in ethanol (25 mL), and a solution of sodium carbonate (644 mg) in water (25 mL) was added.
- a solution containing the above diazonium salt was added dropwise to the mixture under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred at 4 ° C.
- Example 13 0.03 part by mass of the polymerizable ultraviolet absorbing dye (HBZ-PHM) obtained in Example 1, 60 parts by mass of 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, 40 parts by mass of ethyl acrylate, 2,2′-azobis (2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was uniformly blended and polymerized at 80 ° C. for 40 minutes to prepare a polymer sheet having a thickness of 1 mm.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 220 to 800 nm was measured.
- the results are shown in FIG. Further, this sample was immersed in ethanol at 40 ° C. for 24 hours for elution treatment, and the light transmittance was measured again. As a result, the spectrum did not change before and after the elution treatment. This indicates that the polymerizable UV-absorbing dye is chemically bonded in the material. Even if the dye compound of the present invention is used in combination with other UV absorbers for polymer synthesis, It was confirmed that no elution occurred.
- the light transmittance was measured using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (hereinafter the same).
- Example 14 Further 0.15 parts by mass of 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(2 ′′ -methacryloyloxyethoxy) -3′-t-butylphenyl] -5-methyl-2H-benzotriazole as a UV absorber A polymer sheet was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except that.
- the light transmittance at a wavelength of 220 to 800 nm was measured in the same manner as in Example 13. The result is shown in FIG.
- the spectrum of light transmittance before and after the elution treatment does not change, and even if the polymerizable ultraviolet absorbing dye of the present invention is used in combination with other polymerizable ultraviolet absorbers, it is incorporated into the polymer as a copolymer component and polymerized. It was confirmed that it did not elute later.
- HBZ-PHM (1 part by weight) and methyl methacrylate (26 parts by weight) obtained in Example 1 were mixed with dioxane (52 parts by weight), N, N-dimethylformamide (22 parts by weight) and water (20 parts by weight).
- HBZ-PHM copolymer was prepared by adding 2.4 parts by weight of 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and polymerizing at 75 ° C. for 5 hours in an argon atmosphere.
- the filtrate after the alkali treatment of the HBZ-PHM copolymer transmits light of any wavelength, and even when the pH is set to 12 or more by the alkali treatment, the dye component is not liberated from the copolymer. It was confirmed that the polymer was more stable with respect to pH change than the polymer and hardly affected by pH change.
- a polymerizable ultraviolet-absorbing dye monomer that is stable even under alkaline conditions. Since the dye compound of the present invention has in its molecule a benzophenone skeleton having ultraviolet absorption capability, an azobenzene skeleton having blue region light absorption capability, and a polymerizable group, it is copolymerized with other polymerizable monomers to obtain a polymer.
- the polymer is useful as a material for intraocular lenses and the like.
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Abstract
Description
ところが、本来の水晶体は紫外線を透過させない性質を有するのに対し、従前の眼内レンズ用ポリマーは紫外線を透過するため、網膜を損傷する危険性がある。
また、本来の水晶体は若干黄色味を帯びており、青色領域の光の一部を透過抑制する性質を有する。しかし従前の眼内レンズ用透明ポリマーはこの青色領域光をほぼ完全に透過させるため、眼内レンズ挿入術後に患者がまぶしさを訴える例が多かった。また、短波長で高エネルギーの青色領域光が眼内に到達すると黄斑変性症等の網膜由来の疾患を引き起こす危険性もあった。
そこで、眼内レンズ用材料には紫外線吸収能や黄色系色素による着色が求められるようになり、近年は安全性の観点から多くの眼内レンズ用ポリマーには紫外線吸収剤モノマーや黄色系色素モノマーが共重合されている。これまでにそのようなモノマー化合物が種々開発されており(特許文献1~4)、一分子内にアゾ基等の発色団とベンゾフェノン骨格等の紫外線吸収部とを有する、他の眼内レンズ材料用モノマーとの共重合可能なモノマー化合物も開発されている(特許文献5、6)。
そこで、本発明は、アルカリ条件下でも安定な重合性紫外線吸収色素モノマーを得ることを課題とする。
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。
本発明の一つの態様は、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物である(以降、本発明の色素化合物ともいう)。
本発明の色素化合物は、下記一般式(1)で表される。
一般式(1)中、R2は水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、または炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基である。これらのうち、製造における反応効率の観点から、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、メトキシ基、またはエトキシ基が好ましく、光線吸収特性の観点からヒドロキシ基が特に好ましい。
一般式(1)に示されるように、本発明の色素化合物はベンゾフェノン骨格及びアゾベンゼン骨格を有し、これらが色素部位である。
一般式(1)中、R3は、下記式(2)で表される。
一般式(2)中、R5は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~4のアルキレン基であり、好ましくは置換基を有さない炭素数1~4のアルキレン基である。炭素数1~4のアルキレン基とは、具体的にはメチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、又はブチレン基を意味する。かかるアルキレン基は置換基を有さなくても有していてもよく、置換基を有する場合はアルキレン基の炭素に炭素数1~2のアルキル基、ハロゲン基、カルボキシル基、カルボキシ炭素数1~2のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~2のヒドロキシアルキル基、アミノ基、炭素数1~2のアミノアルキル基等の置換基が結合している態様が挙げられる。
このように、置換基R3は重合性基である(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ基にスペーサーが結合した基であり、本発明の色素化合物において共重合に関与する部位である。一般式(2)で表される構造であることにより、本発明の色素化合物は他の重合性モノマーとの反応効率が高いという性質を有する。
なお、(メタ)アクリロイルとはアクリロイル又はメタクリロイルを意味する。
また、一般式(1)において置換基R3はアゾフェニル基の3位又は4位に結合していることが好ましい。
また本発明の色素化合物は、一分子中に紫外線吸収部及び発色団(ひとまとめに色素部位ともいう)が存在するため、発色団が紫外線によりダメージを受けて色素が経時退色してしまうということが生じにくい。
そして、本発明の色素化合物において重合性基と色素部位とはアミド結合でつながっている。かかる結合はアルカリ条件下でも安定であるため、後述する本発明のポリマーから色素部位が脱離することがない。その結果、従来のエステル結合を有する色素化合物やそれを用いた共重合体では乏しかった、アルカリ条件下での安定性が実現される。
アミノアリール化合物をジアゾ化してジアゾニウム塩を得るジアゾ化工程、得られたジアゾニウム塩とベンゾフェノン化合物とをジアゾカップリングさせジアゾ化合物を得るジアゾカップリング工程、及び得られたジアゾ化合物にアクリル酸化合物又はメタクリル酸化合物等をアミド化反応により反応させて重合性基を導入するアミド化工程を含む。
合成方法1の概略を以下の反応式に示す。なお、式中、Rは保護基を表し、R’はヒドロキシ基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R1~R5は前述と同様の置換基を表す。
アミノアリール化合物にアクリル酸化合物又はメタクリル酸化合物等をアミド化反応により反応させて重合性基を導入するアミド化工程、得られた重合性アミノアリール化合物をジアゾ化してジアゾニウム塩を得るジアゾ化工程、及び得られたジアゾニウム塩をベンゾフェノン化合物とジアゾカップリングして本発明の色素化合物を得るジアゾカップリング工程を含む。
合成方法2の概略を以下の反応式に示す。なお、式中、Rは保護基を表し、R’はヒドロキシ基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R1~R5は前述と同様の置換基を表す。
なお、アミノアリール化合物に重合性基を導入するアミド化工程では、芳香族基に結合するアミノ基を保護基で保護するか、予め保護基が導入された化合物を使用し、ジアゾ化工程の前に酸処理等で保護基を外すことが好ましい。
アミノアリール化合物に代えてニトロアリール化合物を出発物質として使用し、これにアクリル酸化合物又はメタクリル酸化合物等をアミド化反応により反応させて重合性基を導入するアミド化工程、得られた重合性ニトロアリール化合物のニトロ基をアミノ基に還元する還元工程、得られた重合性アミノアリール化合物をジアゾ化してジアゾニウム塩を得るジアゾ化工程、及び得られたジアゾニウム塩をベンゾフェノン化合物とジアゾカップリングして本発明の色素化合物を得るジアゾカップリング工程を含む。
合成方法3の概略を以下の反応式に示す。なお、式中、R’はヒドロキシ基又はハロゲン原子を表し、R1~R5は前述と同様の置換基を表す。
ジアゾ化剤としては、亜硝酸ナトリウム又は亜硝酸ナトリウム水溶液、亜硝酸カリウム又は亜硝酸カリウム水溶液、亜硝酸イソアミル、及び/又はニトロシル硫酸(硫酸溶液)等を用いることができる。ジアゾ化剤の使用量は特に制限はないが、重合性基含有アミノアリール化合物1モルあたり1.00~1.20モルであることが好ましく、1.02~1.10モルであることがより好ましい。またジアゾ化工程での反応温度は、-78℃~50℃の範囲であり、-20℃~20℃の範囲であることが好ましく、-20℃~10℃の範囲であることがより好ましい。またジアゾ化工程は中性~酸性の条件で行うことが好ましく、反応溶媒に適宜塩酸等の酸を添加することができる。
ここで用いられる弱塩基は、強アルカリと弱酸とからなる塩でかつその水溶液が1atm、0℃~25℃でアミド結合を加水分解せず、ビニル基の重合反応を惹起しないものであれば特に制限されず、例えば炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、酢酸ナトリウム又は酢酸カリウム等の弱塩基を用いることが好ましい。弱塩基の使用量はナトリウム当量換算でジアゾニウム塩1モルあたり4.0~10.0モルであることが好ましく、6.0~8.0モルであることがより好ましい。また、ジアゾカップリング工程における反応温度は-10℃~10℃の範囲であり、-5℃~5℃の範囲であることがより好ましい。
前記アミノ置換芳香族化合物は、そのアミノ基がt-ブトキシカルボニル基、ベンジルオキシカルボニル基、9-フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニル基、2,2,2-トリクロロエトキシカルボニル基、アリルオキシカルボニル基、p-トルエンスルホニル基、2-ニトロベンゼンスルホニル基等の保護基で置換されているものを使用することができる。
また、前記重合性ニトロアリール化合物としては、N-(4-ニトロフェニル)(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[(4-ニトロフェニル)メチル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[2-(4-ニトロフェニル)エチル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[3-(4-ニトロフェニル)プロピル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[4-(4-ニトロフェニル)ブチル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[(3-ニトロフェニル)メチル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[2-(3-ニトロフェニル)エチル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[3-(3-ニトロフェニル)プロピル](メタ)アクリルアミド、N-[4-(3-ニトロフェニル)ブチル](メタ)アクリルアミド等が挙げられる。
また、合成方法3で出発物質として使用するニトロアリール化合物は、アミノアリール化合物より安価である。さらに、アミド化反応では通常、重合性基を導入する際に、アミノ基に対して二分子の重合性基が導入された副生物が生成するが、ニトロアリール化合物をアミド化した場合に生じるこの副生物の除去は、例えばアミノアリール化合物をアミド化した場合よりも容易である。よって、このような経済性や操作の簡便性の観点も考慮すると、本発明の色素化合物の製造方法としては、出発物質としてニトロアリール化合物を使用する合成方法3が特に好ましい。
本発明の色素化合物は合成方法2又は合成方法3で製造することにより工業的生産が可能となり、有用な色素又は重合性紫外線吸収色素モノマーとして使用されうる。
本発明の色素化合物は、他の共重合モノマー一種又は二種以上と共重合させ、ポリマーにすることができる。
本発明の色素化合物は、発色団と重合性基が立体的に離れているので、重合を阻害することがない。そのため他の共重合モノマーとの反応性のよい共重合モノマーとして使用することができる。
前記他の共重合モノマーとしては、通常用いられるものであれば特に制限されないが、例えば以下のものが挙げられる。
ペンタメチルジシロキサニルメチル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタメチルジシロキサニルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、モノ(メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シロキシ)ビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、モノ(メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シロキシ)ビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチルシリルエチルテトラメチルジシロキサニルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチルシリルメチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチルシリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチルシリルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタメチルジシロキサニルプロピルグリセリル(メタ)アクリレート、メチルビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルエチルテトラメチルジシロキサニルメチル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチルトリイソプロピルシクロテトラシロキサニルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチルトリイソプロピルシクロテトラシロキシビス(トリメチルシロキシ)シリルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート等のシリコン含有(メタ)アクリレート類;
トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラフルオロ-tert-ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサフルオロブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサフルオロ-tert-ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、オクタフルオロペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、2,3,4,5,5,5-ヘキサフルオロ-2,4-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデカフルオロヘプチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシオクタフルオロ-6-トリフルオロメチルヘプチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシドデカフルオロ-8-トリフルオロメチルノニル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシヘキサデカフルオロ-10-トリフルオロメチルウンデシル(メタ)アクリレート等のフッ素含有(メタ)アクリレート類;
スチレン、ペンタフルオロスチレン、メチルスチレン、トリメチルスチレン、トリフルオロメチルスチレン、(ペンタメチル-3,3-ビス(トリメチルシロキシ)トリシロキサニル)スチレン、(ヘキサメチル-3-トリメチルシロキシトリシロキサニル)スチレン、ジメチルアミノスチレン等のスチレン誘導体類;
ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ジヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート等のヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリレート類;
(メタ)アクリル酸;
N-ビニルピロリドン、α-メチレン-N-メチルピロリドン、N-ビニルカプロラクタム、N-(メタ)アクリロイルピロリドン等のビニルラクタム類;
(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エチル-N-アミノエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド類;
アミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N-メチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N-ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート類;
メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート等のアルコキシ基含有(メタ)アクリレート類;
ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート等の芳香環含有(メタ)アクリレート類;
イタコン酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸等のアルキル基、フッ素含有アルキル基、シロキサニルアルキル基で置換されていても良いアルキルエステル類;
グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート;
テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート;
4-ビニルピリジン;
ビニルイミダゾール、N-ビニルピペリドン、N-ビニルピペリジン、N-ビニルサクシンイミド等のヘテロ環式N-ビニルモノマー;
N-(メタ)アクリロイルピペリジン;
N-(メタ)アクリロイルモルホリン。
なお、「(メタ)アクリレート」は、「アクリレート」または「メタクリレート」を意味し、これは(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体についても同様である。
また、上記の共重合モノマーを一種又は二種以上選択して重合してマクロモノマーとし、それをポリマー製造用の共重合モノマーの1つとして用いることもできる。
本発明のポリマーの共重合の際に、本発明の色素化合物を配合する割合は、ポリマーの用途、例えば眼内レンズであればその厚みにも影響されるが、全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部に対して、0.001~5重量部であることが好ましく、0.005~2重量部であることがより好ましく、0.01~0.06重量部であることがさらに好ましい。0.001重量部未満ではポリマーの発色が悪くなるおそれがある。また、5重量部を超えると、ポリマーの着色が濃くなりすぎて透明性が低下したり、ポリマーの物性(たとえば、強度等)が低下したり、本発明の色素化合物がポリマーから溶出しやすくなったりするおそれがある。
上記重合開始剤としては、例えばアゾビスイソブチロニトリル、アゾビスジメチルバレロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、tert-ブチルハイドロパーオキサイド、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド、過酸化ベンゾイル等のラジカル重合開始剤が挙げられ、これらのうち一種又は二種以上を使用することができる。その使用量は、全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部に対して、約0.01~1重量部の範囲で使用することが好ましい。また、光線等を利用して重合する場合には、光重合開始剤や増感剤をさらに添加することが好ましい。
添加量としては、全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部に対して好ましくは0.01重量部以上、より好ましくは0.05重量部以上となるように調整し、また十分な重合速度や重合度を確保するために全ての共重合モノマー100重量部に対して好ましくは5重量部以下、より好ましくは3重量部以下となるように調整する。
重合性アゾ系色素の具体例としては、例えば、1-フェニルアゾ-4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-フェニルアゾ-2-ヒドロキシ-3-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-ナフチルアゾ-2-ヒドロキシ-3-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-(α-アントリルアゾ)-2-ヒドロキシ-3-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-((4'-(フェニルアゾ)-フェニル)アゾ)-2-ヒドロキシ-3-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-(2',4'-キシリルアゾ)-2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、1-(o-トリルアゾ)-2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシナフタレン、2-(m-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-アニリノ)-4,6-ビス(1'-(o-トリルアゾ)-2'-ナフチルアミノ)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-(m-ビニルアニリノ)-4-(4'-ニトロフェニルアゾ)-アニリノ)-6-クロロ-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-(1'-(o-トリルアゾ)-2'-ナフチルオキシ)-4-(m-ビニルアニリノ)-6-クロロ-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-(p-ビニルアニリノ)-4-(1'-(o-トリルアゾ)-2'ナフチルアミノ)-6-クロロ-1,3,5-トリアジン、N-(1'-(o-トリルアゾ)-2'-ナフチル)-3-ビニルフタル酸モノアミド、N-(1'-(o-トリルアゾ)-2'-ナフチル)-6-ビニルフタル酸モノアミド、3-ビニルフタル酸-(4'-(p-スルホフェニルアゾ)-1'-ナフチル)モノエステル、6-ビニルフタル酸-(4'-(p-スルホフェニルアゾ)-1'-ナフチル)モノエステル、3-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-4-フェニルアゾフェノール、3-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-4-(8'-ヒドロキシ-3',6'-ジスルホ-1'-ナフチルアゾ)-フェノール、3-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-4-(1'-フェニルアゾ-2'-ナフチルアゾ)-フェノール、3-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-4-(p-トリルアゾ)フェノール、2-アミノ-4-(m-(2'-ヒドロキシ-1'-ナフチルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(N-メチル-p-(2'-ヒドロキシ-1'-ナフチルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(m-(4'-ヒドロキシ-1'-フェニルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(N-メチル-p-(4'-ヒドロキシフェニルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(m-(3'-メチル-1'-フェニル-5'-ヒドロキシ-4'-ピラゾリルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(N-メチル-p-(3'-メチル-1'-フェニル-5'-ヒドロキシ-4'-ピラゾリルアゾ)アニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-アミノ-4-(p-フェニルアゾアニリノ)-6-イソプロペニル-1,3,5-トリアジン、4-フェニルアゾ-7-(メタ)アクリロイルアミド-1-ナフトール等が挙げられる。
重合性フタロシアニン系色素の具体例としては、例えば(メタ)アクリロイル化テトラアミノ銅フタロシアニン、(メタ)アクリロイル化(ドデカノイル化テトラアミノ銅フタロシアニン)等が挙げられる。
架橋剤やマクロモノマーを配合する場合、その配合割合は全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部あたり、0.01~10重量部の割合の範囲内で使用することが好ましい。0.01重量部未満ではその効果が得られにくく、また10重量部を超えると得られるポリマーが脆くなる傾向がある。
また、上記のようなマクロモノマーとしては、例えば、ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジアリルフマレート、アリル(メタ)アクリレート、ビニル(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、メタクリロイルオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジビニルベンゼン、ジアリルフタレート、アジピン酸ジアリル、トリアリルジイソシアネート、α-メチレン-N-ビニルピロリドン、4-ビニルベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、3-ビニルベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2-ビス((メタ)アクリロイルオキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン、2,2-ビス((メタ)アクリロイルオキシフェニル)プロパン、1,4-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン、1,3-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン、1,2-ビス(2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン等が挙げられる。
本発明のポリマーに酸素透過性を付与する場合は、共重合モノマーとしてシリコン含有(メタ)アクリレート類、シリコン含有スチレン誘導体類等のシリコン含有モノマーやフッ素含有アルキル(メタ)アクリレート類等を選択すればよい。
ポリマーの強度を高めたり硬度を調節したりする場合は、共重合モノマーとしてアルキル(メタ)アクリレート類やスチレンを含めたスチレン誘導体類または(メタ)アクリル酸等を選択すればよい。
共重合モノマーとしてフッ素含有アルキル(メタ)アクリレート類やフッ素含有スチレン誘導体類等のフッ素含有モノマーを選択すれば、後述のように本発明のポリマーを眼内レンズ用材料とする場合に抗脂質汚染機能が付与されたものとすることができる。
本発明のポリマーに親水性を付与する場合は、共重合モノマーとしてヒドロキシ(メタ)アクリレート類、(メタ)アクリルアミド類、アミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート類、(メタ)アクリレート、N-ビニルラクタム類等の親水性基を有するモノマーを選択すればよく、後述のように本発明のポリマーを眼内レンズ用材料とする場合に含水性の柔軟な眼内レンズを得ることができる。
共重合モノマーとして芳香族環を含有するモノマー、例えば、スチレン系モノマーや芳香族環含有(メタ)アクリレート類等を選択すれば、本発明のポリマーを高屈折率のレンズ用材料とすることができる。
上記のように本発明のポリマーに種々の機能性を付与するための共重合モノマーを選択して配合する場合は、全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部に対して好ましくは0.01重量部以上、より好ましくは0.05重量部以上とし、また全ての共重合モノマー混合物100重量部に対して好ましくは5重量部以下、より好ましくは3重量部以下となるように適宜調整する。
また、前述のように本発明の色素化合物において、重合性基と色素部位とをつなぐアミド結合はアルカリ条件下(例えばpH12以上)でも安定であるため、本発明のポリマーから色素部位が脱離することがない。その結果、従来のエステル結合を有する色素化合物を用いた共重合体では乏しかった、アルカリ条件下での安定性が実現され、アルカリ処理後のポリマーにおいても高い光線吸収特性を維持する。これは、4Nの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に本発明のポリマーを室温下で4時間浸漬した後の、浸漬液における光線透過率が実質的に100%であることで確認することができる。
本発明のポリマーは、眼内レンズ用材料とすることができる。
一般に色素化合物は、ポリマーに添加した場合にその硬度を上げてしまうところ、本発明の色素化合物は柔軟性に優れるため、本発明のポリマーを眼内レンズ用材料として用いて成形した本発明の眼内レンズは柔軟性を保持することが期待でき、施術時の取扱いが容易となる。
また、本発明のポリマーは、光や化学薬剤に優れた耐性を示し、堅牢性も高く、ポリマーから色素部位が溶出することもないため、安全性が高く、脱色や変色のない、優れた眼内レンズを得ることができる。
その他に、本発明のポリマーはメガネ、サングラス、コンタクトレンズ等の材料とすることもでき、また、塗料や建材等にも使用できる。
また、本発明のポリマーは、化学的に安定な色素部位を有しており、温度変化やpH変化が激しいことが予想される戸外や過酷な環境下でも劣化なく使用することができる。
また、眼内レンズの支持部を、眼内レンズとは別に作製して後から取り付けても良いし、眼内レンズと同時に(一体的に)成形しても差支えない。
本発明の色素化合物を合成するに際して用いた重合性アミノアリール化合物の合成例において、アミノアリール化合物を出発物質として用いた例を以下に示す。
δ:1.52(s,9H),1.91(s,3H),2.80(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.54(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.28(t,1H,J=1.4Hz),5.59(s,1H),5.76(br.s,1H),6.46(br.s,1H),7.12(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.31(d,2H,J=8.3Hz).
δ:1.52(s,9H),2.80(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.57(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.51(br.s,1H),5.62(dd,1H,J=10.5Hz,0.9Hz),6.01(dd,1H,J=17.4Hz,10.5Hz),6.26(dd,1H,J=17.4Hz,0.9Hz),6.45(br.s,1H),7.12(d,2H,J=8.2Hz),7.30(d,2H,J=8.2Hz).
δ:1.50(s,9H),1.96(s,3H),4.43(d,2H,J=5.4Hz),5.32(t,1H,J=0.3Hz),5.68(s,1H),5.96(br.s,1H),6.46(br.s,1H),7.21(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.32(d,2H,J=8.8Hz).
本発明の色素化合物を合成するに際して用いた重合性アミノアリール化合物の合成例において、ニトロアリール化合物を出発物質として用いた例を以下に示す。
δ:1.93(s,3H),2.99(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.60(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.32(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),5.61(s,1H),5.82(br.s,1H),7.37(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),8.17(d,2H,J=8.6Hz).
次いで、N-[2-(4-ニトロフェニル)エチル]メタクリルアミド(1.20g)を、エタノール(15mL)と水(5mL)に溶解させた。塩化アンモニウム(364mg)と鉄粉(933mg)を加え80℃で4時間還流を行った。鉄粉をろ取し、ロータリーエバポレーターにて濃縮を行った。水および酢酸エチルを加え、抽出操作を行い、水及び飽和食塩水で洗浄を行った。硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、乾燥剤をろ取後、濃縮操作を行い、目的物を淡赤色の油状物として得た。収量は1.01g(97%)であった。得られた化合物について、1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3)のスペクトルデータを示す。
δ:1.91(s,3H),2.74(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.51(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.61(br.s,2H),5.27(t,1H,J=1.4Hz),5.59(s,1H),5.76(br.s,1H),6.64(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),6.98(d,2H,J=8.3Hz).
δ:2.01(s,3H),4.61(d,2H,J=6.0Hz),5.41(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),5.76(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),6.29(br.s,1H),7.45(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),8.17(d,2H,J=8.8Hz).
次いで、N-(4-ニトロベンジル)メタクリルアミド(811mg)を、エタノール(12mL)と水(4mL)に溶解させた。塩化アンモニウム(183mg)と鉄粉(573mg)を加え80℃で4時間還流を行った。鉄粉をろ取し、ロータリーエバポレーターにて濃縮を行った。水および酢酸エチルを加え、抽出操作を行い、水及び飽和食塩水で洗浄を行った。硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、乾燥剤をろ取後、濃縮操作を行い、目的物を淡赤色の油状物として得た。収量は580mg(89%)であった。得られた化合物について、1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3)のスペクトルデータを示す。
δ:1.97(t,3H,J=1.3Hz),3.67(br.s,2H),4.37(d,2H,J=5.6Hz),5.31(t,1H,J=1.4Hz),5.68(br.t,1H),5.92(br.s,1H),6.65(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.09(d,2H,J=8.3Hz).
上記のように合成した重合性アミノアリール化合物を用い、本発明の重合性紫外線吸収色素を合成した。以下、実施例1~12として示す。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.93(t,3H,J=1.0Hz),2.94(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.61(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.31(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),5.61(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),5.80(br.t,1H),6.58(s,1H),7.33(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.56(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),7.64(tt,1H,J=7.3Hz,2.4Hz),7.73-7.76(m,4H),8.23(s,1H),12.89(s,1H),13.94(s,1H).
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.92(s,3H),2.93(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.61(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.29(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),5.61(s,1H),5.79(br.t,1H),7.20(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.32(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.57(t,2H,J=7.3Hz),7.66(t,1H,J=7.3Hz),7.77-7.81(m,4H),8.15(dd,1H,J=9.3Hz,2.4Hz),8.26(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),12.44(s,1H).
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.92(s,3H),2.92(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.60(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.09(s,3H),5.29(t,1H,J=1.4Hz),5.60(s,1H),5.76(br.t,1H),6.71(s,1H),7.29(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.53(t,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.61(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.71(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),7.76(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),8.03(s,1H),12.91(s,1H).
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.59(t,3H,J=6.8Hz),1.92(s,3H),2.92(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.60(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.33(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.29(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),5.60(s,1H),5.77(br.t,1H),6.68(s,1H),7.30(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.53(t,2H,J=7.3Hz),7.61(t,1H,J=7.3Hz),7.71(d,2H,J=7.3Hz),7.78(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),8.03(s,1H),12.90(s,1H).
δ:2.94(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.64(q,2H,J=6.4Hz),5.56(br.t,1H),5.64(dd,1H,J=10.8Hz,1.5Hz),6.03(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,10.8Hz),6.28(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,1.5Hz),6.58(s,1H),7.33(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.54-7.59(m,2H),7.65(t,1H,J=78Hz),7.73-7.76(m,4H),8.23(s,1H),12.90(s,1H),13.94(s,1H).
δ:2.92(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.62(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.09(s,3H),5.56(br.t,1H),5.63(dd,1H,J=10.2Hz,1.5Hz),6.02(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,10.2Hz),6.26(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,1.5Hz),6.70(s,1H),7.29(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.53(t,2H,J=7.3Hz),7.61(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.70-7.76(m,4H),8.03(s,1H),12.92(s,1H).
δ:1.59(t,3H,J=7.1Hz),2.93(t,2H,J=6.9Hz),3.64(q,2H,J=6.9Hz),4.33(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),5.52(br.t,1H),5.63(dd,1H,J=10.4Hz,1.3Hz),6.02(dd,1H,J=16.9Hz,10.4Hz),6.27(dd,1H,J=16.9Hz,1.3Hz),6.68(s,1H),7.29(d,2H,J=8.5Hz),7.50-7.55(m,2H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.69^7.72(m,2H),7.96(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),8.02(s,1H),12.89(s,1H).
δ:2.94(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.64(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.56(br.t,1H),5.63(dd,1H,J=10.3Hz,1.5Hz),6.02(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,10.3Hz),6.27(dd,1H,J=17.1Hz,1.5Hz),7.20(d,1H,J=9.3Hz),7.32(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),7.57(tt,2H,J=7.3Hz,1.5Hz),7.66(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.77-7.81(m,4H),8.15(dd,1H,J=9.3Hz,2.4Hz),8.26(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),12.45(s,1H).
N-[2-[4-アミノフェニル]エチル]メタクリルアミド(930mg)に、1M塩酸(15mL)を加え、氷冷下で亜硝酸ナトリウム(355mg)の水(5mL)溶液を滴下し1時間4℃にて撹拌し、ジアゾニウム塩を調製した。次いで、2,4-ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン(975mg)をエタノール(40mL)に溶解し、炭酸ナトリウム(970mg)の水(40mL)溶液を加えた。この混合物に氷冷下、前述のジアゾニウム塩を含む溶液を滴下した。混合物を4℃で1時間、次いで室温で2時間攪拌し、4M塩酸を滴下してpHを6に調節した。この混合物に水(40mL)を加え、析出物をろ取し、水で洗浄した。乾燥させた後にクロロホルムに溶解させ、シリカゲルに吸着させ、酢酸エチルでカラムクロマトグラフィーを行い精製し、橙色の結晶を得た。この結晶にメタノールを加え還流を行い、室温で一晩放置し、析出した目的物を橙色結晶として得た。収量は774mg(40%)であった。得られた化合物について、1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3)のスペクトルデータを示す。
δ:1.93(t,3H,J=1.0Hz),2.94(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.61(q,2H,J=6.8Hz),5.31(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),5.61(t,1H,J=1.0Hz),5.81(br.t,1H),6.58(s,1H),7.33(d,2H,J=8.5Hz),7.56(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),7.64(tt,1H,J=7.2Hz,2.4Hz),7.72-7.76(m,4H),8.22(s,1H),12.89(s,1H),13.93(s,1H).
δ:1.99(s,3H),4.56(d,2H,J=5.9Hz),5.37(s,1H),5.73(s,1H),6.13(br.t,1H),6.57(s,1H),7.25(s,1H),7.41(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.53-7.57(m,2H),7.63(t,1H,J=7.3Hz),7.72-7.76(m,4H),8.22(s,1H),12.88(s,1H),13.89(s,1H).
δ:2.00(s,3H),4.09(s,3H),4.56(d,2H,J=5.9Hz),5.37(s,1H),5.73(s,1H),6.10(br.t,1H),6.70(s,1H),7.39(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.51-7.55(m,2H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.69-7.72(m,2H),7.78(d,2H,J=8.3Hz),8.03(s,1H),12.92(s,1H).
N-[4-アミノベンジル]メタクリルアミド(574mg)に、1M塩酸(9mL)を加え、氷冷下で亜硝酸ナトリウム(210mg)の水(3mL)溶液を滴下し1時間4℃にて撹拌し、ジアゾニウム塩を調製した。次いで2,4-ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン(637mg)をエタノール(25mL)に溶解し、炭酸ナトリウム(644mg)の水(25mL)溶液を加えた。この混合物に氷冷下、前述のジアゾニウム塩を含む溶液を滴下した。混合物を4℃で1時間、次いで室温で2時間攪拌し、4M塩酸を滴下してpHを6に調節した。この混合物に水(25mL)を加え、析出物をろ取し、水で洗浄した。乾燥させた後にクロロホルムに溶解しさせ、シリカゲルに吸着させ、酢酸エチルでカラムクロマトグラフィーを行い精製し、橙色の結晶を得た。この結晶にメタノールを加え還流を行い、室温で一晩放置し、析出した目的物を橙色結晶として得た。収量は370mg(29%)であった。得られた化合物について、1H-NMR(400MHz、CDCl3)のスペクトルデータを示す。
δ:2.00(t,3H,J=1.1Hz),4.57(d,2H,J=6.0Hz),5.38(t,1H,J=1.4Hz),5.73(br.t,1H),6.16(br.s,1H),6.57(s,1H),7.41(d,2H,J=8.5Hz),7.56(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.63(tt,1H,J=7.3Hz,2.4Hz),7.71-7.78(m,4H),8.22(s,1H),12.88(s,1H),13.89(s,1H).
実施例で得られた重合性紫外線吸収色素を他の重合性モノマーと共重合させた。
[実施例13]
実施例1にて得られた重合性紫外線吸収色素(HBZ-PHM)0.03質量部、アクリル酸2-フェノキシエチル60質量部、アクリル酸エチル40質量部、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)0.5質量部を均一に配合し、80℃で40分間重合させ、厚さ1mmのポリマーシートを作製した。得られたポリマーシートをサンプルとして、波長220~800nmの光線透過率を測定した。結果を図1に示す。
さらに、このサンプルを40℃のエタノールに24時間浸漬して溶出処理を行った後、再度、光線透過率を測定したところ、溶出処理前後でスペクトルは変化しなかった。このことは、重合性紫外線吸収色素が材料中に化学的に結合していることを示しており、本発明の色素化合物を他の紫外線吸収剤と併用してポリマー合成に用いても、重合後に溶出することはないことが確認できた。なお、光線透過率の測定には紫外可視分光光度計を用いた(以降、同じ)。
実施例にて得られた重合性紫外線吸収色素を他の重合性紫外線吸収剤とともに他の重合性モノマーと共重合性させた。
[実施例14]
紫外線吸収剤として2-[2’-ヒドロキシ-5’-(2’’-メタクリロイルオキシエトキシ)-3’-t-ブチルフェニル]-5-メチル-2H-ベンゾトリアゾールをさらに0.15質量部配合した以外は実施例13と同様にポリマーシートを作製した。得られたシートをサンプルとして、実施例13と同様に波長220~800nmの光線透過率を測定した。その結果を図2に示す。溶出処理前後での光線透過率のスペクトルは変化せず、本発明の重合性紫外線吸収色素を他の重合性紫外線吸収剤と併用しても、共重合体成分として重合体中に取り込まれ、重合後に溶出することはないことが確認できた。
実施例1にて得られたHBZ-PHM(1重量部)とメタクリル酸メチル(26重量部)を、ジオキサン(52重量部)、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(22重量部)及び水(20重量部)の混合溶媒中に仕込み、2,2‘-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)2.4重量部を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下75℃で5時間重合して、HBZ-PHM共重合体を得た。
対照例として、HBZ-PHMに代えて特許文献6(特開2006-291006号公報)の合成例1に開示の手順に従い合成した2,4-ジヒドロキシ-5-(4-(2-(N-2-メタクリロイルオキシエチル)カルバモイルオキシ)エチルフェニルアゾ)ベンゾフェノン(BMAC)を用いて同様に重合反応を行い、BMAC共重合体を得た。
得られた各共重合体の粉末をエタノールで12時間ソクスレー抽出した後の、粉末ポリマー(200mg)をそれぞれエタノール(5mL)に懸濁し、4N-NaOH(5mL)を加えて室温で4時間攪拌した。なお、このときの試験溶液は、pH試験紙でpH12~14であることを示していた。撹拌終了後、4N-HClで中和しさらにエタノール(15mL)を加えた。不溶物をろ去してろ液を観察したところ、HBZ-PHM共重合体では無色透明であった。一方、BMAC共重合体では、ろ液は黄色に着色した。さらに、それぞれのろ液の波長220~800nmの光線透過率を測定した結果を図3に示す。BMAC共重合体のアルカリ処理後のろ液はBMAC共重合体と同様の透過率パターンを示した。このことは、BMACの色素部位がアルカリ処理により共重合体から脱離したことを強く示唆している。一方、HBZ-PHM共重合体のアルカリ処理後のろ液はいずれの波長の光線も透過し、アルカリ処理によってpH12以上の条件にした時でも共重合体から色素成分が遊離せず、すなわちBMAC共重合体よりもpH変化に対して安定であり、さらにpH変化に対してほとんど影響を受けないことが確認された。
Claims (5)
- R1が水素原子、メチル基又はエチル基である請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2が水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、メトキシ基、またはエトキシ基である、請求項1又は2に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物と、他の重合性モノマー一種又は二種以上とを共重合してなるポリマー。
- 請求項4に記載のポリマーを成形してなる眼内レンズ。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2014147697A RU2635918C1 (ru) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Стабильный полимеризуемый уф-поглощающий краситель для интраокулярной линзы |
| JP2014512734A JP5998208B2 (ja) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | 安定な眼内レンズ用重合性紫外線吸収色素 |
| KR1020147032913A KR102089816B1 (ko) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | 안정한 안내 렌즈용 중합성 자외선 흡수 색소 |
| CN201380022411.4A CN104284942B (zh) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | 稳定的人工晶体用聚合性紫外线吸收色素 |
| US14/397,352 US9365501B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Stable polymerizable UV-absorbing colorant for intraocular lens |
| AU2013253368A AU2013253368B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Stable polymerizable UV-absorbing colorant for intraocular lens |
| BR112014026853-3A BR112014026853B1 (pt) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | corante que absorve uv polimerizável estável para lente intraocular |
| ES13780703.8T ES2657477T3 (es) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Colorante absorbente de UV polimerizable estable para lente intraocular |
| HK15104302.8A HK1203990B (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Stable polymerizable uv-absorbing colorant for intraocular lens |
| IN9900DEN2014 IN2014DN09900A (ja) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | |
| EP13780703.8A EP2857459B1 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Stable polymerizable uv-absorbing colorant for intraocular lens |
| SG11201406978RA SG11201406978RA (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | Stable polymerizable uv-absorbing colorant for intraocular lens |
| IL235330A IL235330A (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2014-10-26 | Stable dye absorbs UV polymerizable lens for intraocular lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012-102960 | 2012-04-27 | ||
| JP2012102960 | 2012-04-27 |
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| WO2013162042A1 true WO2013162042A1 (ja) | 2013-10-31 |
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| PCT/JP2013/062537 Ceased WO2013162042A1 (ja) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-30 | 安定な眼内レンズ用重合性紫外線吸収色素 |
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| US (1) | US9365501B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2857459B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5998208B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102089816B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN104284942B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2013253368B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112014026853B1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2657477T3 (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL235330A (ja) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DN09900A (ja) |
| RU (1) | RU2635918C1 (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG11201406978RA (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2013162042A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015064674A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | 興和株式会社 | 重合性紫外線吸収色素の製造方法 |
| WO2015064675A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | 興和株式会社 | 重合性紫外線吸収色素の製造方法 |
| JP2023519037A (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-05-10 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッド | 高エネルギー可視光フィルタとして遷移金属錯体を含有する眼科用デバイス |
| JP2025532268A (ja) * | 2022-09-30 | 2025-09-29 | カール・ツアイス・メディテック・アーゲー | 複数のコモノマーグループを有する眼科用組成物及び眼科用レンズ |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10351637B2 (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2019-07-16 | Tubitak | Formulation and lens manufacturing process for the production of intraocular lens (IOL) |
| CN109641855B (zh) * | 2016-11-30 | 2022-04-29 | 东莞东阳光医疗智能器件研发有限公司 | 偶氮化合物、聚合物和它们的制备方法及用途 |
| WO2018177329A1 (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 | 可聚合染料化合物、制备方法、含该染料的聚合物及用途 |
| RU2760281C1 (ru) * | 2018-01-31 | 2021-11-23 | Меникон Ко., Лтд. | Материал для интраокулярной линзы |
| EP3927779A4 (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2022-11-23 | The Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate | ANTIMICROBIAL AZO COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF |
| CN116970288B (zh) * | 2023-06-10 | 2024-10-18 | 水木聚力接枝纺织新技术(深圳)有限公司 | 一种水溶性丙烯酰胺型氨基c酸染料及其合成方法和用途 |
| EP4735923A1 (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2026-05-06 | Teleon Holding B.V. | Blue filter combinations for ophthalmic devices |
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- 2013-04-30 KR KR1020147032913A patent/KR102089816B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-30 BR BR112014026853-3A patent/BR112014026853B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-04-30 ES ES13780703.8T patent/ES2657477T3/es active Active
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- 2013-04-30 CN CN201380022411.4A patent/CN104284942B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-30 RU RU2014147697A patent/RU2635918C1/ru active
- 2013-04-30 JP JP2014512734A patent/JP5998208B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-30 WO PCT/JP2013/062537 patent/WO2013162042A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| WO2015064674A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | 興和株式会社 | 重合性紫外線吸収色素の製造方法 |
| WO2015064675A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | 興和株式会社 | 重合性紫外線吸収色素の製造方法 |
| JP2023519037A (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-05-10 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッド | 高エネルギー可視光フィルタとして遷移金属錯体を含有する眼科用デバイス |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9365501B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
| BR112014026853B1 (pt) | 2021-05-11 |
| KR102089816B1 (ko) | 2020-03-16 |
| CN104284942A (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
| EP2857459B1 (en) | 2017-12-27 |
| BR112014026853A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
| JP5998208B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
| EP2857459A4 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
| IN2014DN09900A (ja) | 2015-08-07 |
| JPWO2013162042A1 (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
| HK1203990A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 |
| ES2657477T3 (es) | 2018-03-05 |
| SG11201406978RA (en) | 2015-01-29 |
| US20150094439A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| RU2635918C1 (ru) | 2017-11-17 |
| IL235330A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
| AU2013253368A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| CN104284942B (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
| EP2857459A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| KR20150005650A (ko) | 2015-01-14 |
| AU2013253368B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
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