WO2013163778A1 - Nouveau système photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Nouveau système photovoltaïque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013163778A1
WO2013163778A1 PCT/CN2012/000593 CN2012000593W WO2013163778A1 WO 2013163778 A1 WO2013163778 A1 WO 2013163778A1 CN 2012000593 W CN2012000593 W CN 2012000593W WO 2013163778 A1 WO2013163778 A1 WO 2013163778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
module
series
maximum power
photovoltaic system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/000593
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Convertergy Energy Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Convertergy Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Convertergy Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Convertergy Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2012/000593 priority Critical patent/WO2013163778A1/fr
Publication of WO2013163778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013163778A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • H02J2101/25—Photovoltaics involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generation system for a distributed power source, and more particularly to a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module. Background technique
  • the amount of power generated per distributed power source varies depending on process conditions, operating conditions, and environmental conditions. For example, many inconsistencies in the manufacturing process will result in two identical power supplies having different output characteristics. Similarly, two identical power supplies can react differently (affected) due to different operating conditions and/or environmental conditions (eg, load, temperature...h). In actual equipment, different power supplies may also suffer differently.
  • Environmental conditions For example, in photovoltaic power generation equipment, some photovoltaic panels will be completely exposed to sunlight, while the other part will be shielded, which will produce different output power. In some cases, some batteries will have different degrees of aging, which will result in different output power.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a voltage characteristic curve and a current characteristic curve of a photovoltaic (PV) battery.
  • the output current decreases as the output voltage increases.
  • Photovoltaic cells have different output currents and output voltages under different illumination conditions. At a certain output voltage, its output power will reach a maximum power point MPP (ie the most power-voltage curve) Great value).
  • the photovoltaic cell is preferably operable at the maximum power point MPP, and the so-called maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is aimed at finding this point and operating the system above the maximum power point MPP in order to Maximum output power is achieved in photovoltaic cells.
  • MPPT maximum power point tracking
  • a photovoltaic panel (consisting of a plurality of photovoltaic modules) 210 is coupled to a DC-DC converter 220 by a positive output 211 and a negative output 212.
  • the DC-DC converter 220 is used to supply power/power to a load 230.
  • the voltage sensor 222 coupled to the positive output terminal 211 is used to sample the input voltage of the DC-DC converter 220 (ie, the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 210), and the current sensor coupled to the negative output terminal 212.
  • the maximum power point tracking controller 221 is configured to operate the photovoltaic system 200 below the maximum power point based on the power signal.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a related art of a centralized solar system with maximum power point tracking control.
  • a plurality of photovoltaic modules 310 need to be serially connected into one module serial 320.
  • a plurality of module series 320 are connected in parallel to form a front stage 350 (i.e., power stage or photovoltaic panel) of the entire photovoltaic system 300.
  • These photovoltaic modules 310 can be placed outdoors and connected to a maximum power tracking (MPPT) module 330, which is then coupled to a DC-to-AC converter 340.
  • MPPT maximum power tracking
  • the maximum power tracking module 330 can be integrated into a portion of the DC-to-AC converter 340.
  • the DC-AC converter 340 is configured to receive the energy obtained by the photovoltaic module 310 and convert the fluctuating DC voltage into an AC voltage having a desired voltage and a desired frequency.
  • the AC voltage can be an AC voltage of 110V or 220V and 60Hz, or an AC voltage of 220V and 50Hz. It should be noted that even in the United States, there are still many converters that generate 220V AC voltage, but then divide into two 110V supply boxes.
  • the AC current generated by the DC-AC converter 340 can be used to operate an electrical product or to be supplied to a power network.
  • the energy generated by the DC-AC converter 340 can also be transferred to a conversion and charge/discharge circuit (conversion) And charge/discharge circuit), used to charge the extra power/energy into the battery.
  • the DC-AC converter 340 can also be omitted, and the DC output of the maximum power tracking module 330 can be directly supplied to the charging/discharging circuit.
  • each photovoltaic module 310 can only provide relatively small voltages and currents, so the designer of the photovoltaic cell array (or photovoltaic panel) has a problem of how to provide the small voltage and current provided by the photovoltaic module 310.
  • a standard AC output with a rms value of 110V or 220V is synthesized.
  • a DC-AC converter (such as DC-AC converter 340) will have the highest input efficiency when the input voltage is slightly higher than the rms voltage of the output. Therefore, in order to achieve the required voltage or current, multiple DC power sources (e.g., photovoltaic modules 310) are combined in many applications.
  • a plurality of photovoltaic modules 310 are connected in series to form a module string 320, and a plurality of module series 320 are connected in parallel with the DC-AC converter 340.
  • the plurality of photovoltaic modules 310 are connected in series to obtain a minimum voltage required for the DC-AC converter 340.
  • the plurality of module series 320 are connected in parallel for supplying a larger current to provide a higher current. Output power.
  • a connector with a bypass diode can be attached to each of the photovoltaic modules 310 for protection, but the connector is not shown in FIG.
  • each photovoltaic module 310 cannot be operated at optimum power, which results in an unsatisfactory efficiency of this architecture.
  • the output of the photovoltaic module 310 is affected by various factors, so in order to obtain the maximum power from each photovoltaic module, the combination of voltage and current obtained needs to be changed as the case arises. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention is directed to the problem that the photovoltaic modules in the existing photovoltaic system are not allowed to operate at the optimum power when the photovoltaic modules are shaded, resulting in an unsatisfactory efficiency of the architecture, and providing a novel photovoltaic system.
  • the system enables all PV modules to operate at optimum operating points.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solution - a novel photovoltaic system
  • the photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic module series, a DC-AC converter, and the photovoltaic module series includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules Group, the output of the photovoltaic module In series, the photovoltaic module series is coupled to an input of the DC-AC converter, and the photovoltaic system includes a lumped compensation module.
  • the lumped compensation module is configured to operate a plurality of photovoltaic modules in the series of photovoltaic modules at an optimum efficiency point.
  • the lumped compensation module is coupled to the plurality of photovoltaic modules, and the optical module is compensated to operate at a maximum power point.
  • the two input ends of the lumped compensation module are coupled to the two output ends of the series of photovoltaic modules to receive energy for compensation.
  • the photovoltaic system further includes a second photovoltaic module series, and the two photovoltaic modules are serially connected in parallel.
  • the photovoltaic system is further provided with a second lumped compensation module, and the second lumped compensation module is coupled to the plurality of photovoltaic modules in the second photovoltaic module series, The PV module is compensated for operation at the maximum power point.
  • the two input ends of the second lumped compensation module are coupled to the two output ends of the second photovoltaic module string to receive energy for compensation.
  • the photovoltaic system further includes a maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module, and the input of the maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module and the output coupling of the photovoltaic module series The output of the maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module is coupled to the input of the DC-AC converter.
  • the invention formed according to the above solution provides a lumped compensation module for current compensation of a shaded photovoltaic module in a series of photovoltaic modules, such that the photovoltaic module has a consistent maximum power point. It facilitates the maximum power tracking control of the photovoltaic system with low cost and low loss.
  • Figure 1 shows the voltage characteristic curve and current characteristic curve of a photovoltaic cell.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the maximum power point tracking of the existing photovoltaic system.
  • Figure 3 is a system block diagram of a conventional centralized photovoltaic system with maximum power point tracking control.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of a photovoltaic system architecture for distributed maximum power tracking.
  • FIG. 5A is a system block diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module of the present invention.
  • Figure 5B is a block diagram of another embodiment of a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module of the present invention.
  • 6A is a block diagram of another embodiment of a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module of the present invention.
  • 6B is a system block diagram of another embodiment of a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module of the present invention. detailed description
  • the photovoltaic system provided by the invention comprises a photovoltaic module serial and a DC-AC exchanger, wherein the photovoltaic module series can control the operation of the photovoltaic module at the maximum power point, and the output of the photovoltaic module and the DC-AC exchange The input of the device is coupled.
  • the photovoltaic module series can also have a plurality of serials, and the outputs of the plurality of photovoltaic module series are connected in parallel.
  • the preferred method is to connect the DC power supply (especially the equipment of the photovoltaic module) in series.
  • the photovoltaic module serial 440 in the photovoltaic system 400 provided by the embodiment is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic modules 410 and a plurality of DC-DC converters 420 having a maximum power tracking control mechanism.
  • Each photovoltaic module 410 is coupled to a DC-DC converter 420 having a maximum power tracking control mechanism via a connector having a bypass diode (not shown), and the outputs of these DC-DC converters 420 are Connected in series to form an output of the photovoltaic module string and connected to the DC-AC converter 430.
  • the DC-DC converter 420 senses the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module 410 (i.e., the input voltage and input current of the DC-DC converter 420) for operating the photovoltaic module 410 at the maximum power point.
  • This embodiment provides a photovoltaic system having a lumped compensation module for the problems of the photovoltaic system provided by Embodiment 1.
  • the photovoltaic system 500 provided in this embodiment includes a photovoltaic module series 510, 520, which are respectively composed of a plurality of photovoltaic modules 5101, 5102...510N; 5201, 5202...520N And lumped compensation module 540, 5402.
  • photovoltaic modules 5101, 5102...510N; 5201, 5202...520N are connected in series.
  • the two series of outputs are connected in parallel and coupled to the input of a DC-to-AC converter 530 having a maximum power tracking function.
  • the lumped compensation module 540 For the photovoltaic module string 510, there is a lumped compensation module 540 corresponding thereto, and the lumped compensation module 540 is coupled to all the photovoltaic modules 5101, 5102, ... 510N in the photovoltaic module series 510.
  • the lumped compensation module 540 compensates for the shaded photovoltaic module, for example, compensating the current, so that the occlusion is blocked when a photovoltaic module such as 5102 in the photovoltaic module string 510 is shaded.
  • the shaded photovoltaic modules continue to operate at substantially the same maximum power point as other unshaded photovoltaic modules.
  • the photovoltaic module serial 520 there may be another lumped compensation module 5402 corresponding thereto, or the lumped compensation module 540 may be shared with the photovoltaic module serial 510.
  • the photovoltaic module series 520 there may be only one photovoltaic module string 510 and one lumped compensation module 540.
  • the photovoltaic system 500 provided by the embodiment has a maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module 550, and the input and parallel connection of the maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module 550, compared with the photovoltaic system provided in Embodiment 2.
  • the output of the photovoltaic module series 510, 520 is coupled, and its output is coupled to the input of the DC-AC converter 530.
  • the maximum power tracking DC-DC conversion module 550 is used to operate the system in a maximum power state, and the DC-AC converter 530 is not required. Maximum power tracking function.
  • the photovoltaic system 600 provided in this embodiment is different from the photovoltaic system provided in the second embodiment in that the two input terminals of the lumped compensation modules 640 and 6402 are coupled to the photovoltaic module series 610 and 620.
  • the two outputs are compensated by the energy received, i.e., the energy on the DC BUS is used to provide an energy source for the lumped compensation modules 640, 6402.
  • the lumped compensation modules 640, 6402 operate at high voltages with low losses. Compared to other distributed maximum power tracking PV systems, the system is less costly and requires only one total maximum power tracking module to achieve maximum power tracking control.
  • the photovoltaic system 600 of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 4 in that the two input terminals of the lumped compensation modules 640 and 6402 are coupled to an external energy source such as a power module 650, which may also be a UPS. .
  • a power module 650 which may also be a UPS.
  • the present invention provides a lumped compensation module for current compensation of a shaded photovoltaic module in a series of photovoltaic modules, such that the photovoltaic module has a consistent maximum power point. It facilitates the maximum power tracking control of the photovoltaic system with low cost and low loss.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un nouveau système photovoltaïque. Le système photovoltaïque comprend une pluralité de séries de modules photovoltaïques et un convertisseur de courant courant continu/courant alternatif. Les séries de modules photovoltaïques commandent les modules photovoltaïques pour qu'ils fonctionnement à un point de fonctionnement optimum. Les sorties des multiples séries de modules photovoltaïques sont connectées en parallèle et sont couplées à une entrée du convertisseur de convertisseur de courant courant continu/courant alternatif, ce qui permet ainsi aux séries de modules photovoltaïques d'avoir des points de fonctionnement optimum, rendant possible la poursuite et la commande de la puissance maximum du système photovoltaïque et permettant des coûts réduits et des pertes réduites.
PCT/CN2012/000593 2012-05-02 2012-05-02 Nouveau système photovoltaïque Ceased WO2013163778A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2012/000593 WO2013163778A1 (fr) 2012-05-02 2012-05-02 Nouveau système photovoltaïque

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2012/000593 WO2013163778A1 (fr) 2012-05-02 2012-05-02 Nouveau système photovoltaïque

Publications (1)

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WO2013163778A1 true WO2013163778A1 (fr) 2013-11-07

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PCT/CN2012/000593 Ceased WO2013163778A1 (fr) 2012-05-02 2012-05-02 Nouveau système photovoltaïque

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010031614A1 (fr) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif photovoltaïque
CN102237823A (zh) * 2010-12-30 2011-11-09 保定天威集团有限公司 一种光伏功率优化器
CN102355165A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-15 浙江大学 具有全局最大功率输出功能的光伏发电装置
CN102655381A (zh) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-05 上海康威特吉能源技术有限公司 一种新型的光伏系统

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010031614A1 (fr) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif photovoltaïque
CN102237823A (zh) * 2010-12-30 2011-11-09 保定天威集团有限公司 一种光伏功率优化器
CN102655381A (zh) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-05 上海康威特吉能源技术有限公司 一种新型的光伏系统
CN102355165A (zh) * 2011-09-30 2012-02-15 浙江大学 具有全局最大功率输出功能的光伏发电装置

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