Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
  • H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
  • H01H35/146—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch operated by plastic deformation or rupture of structurally associated elements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
  • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
  • C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
  • C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
  • C12Q1/6886—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material for cancer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
  • G16B—BIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
  • G16B20/00—ICT specially adapted for functional genomics or proteomics, e.g. genotype-phenotype associations
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
  • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
  • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
  • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
  • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
  • H01M50/579—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to shock
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
  • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
  • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for uncoupling and / or bridging connections for a battery cell.
• a battery cell such as a lithium-ion battery should not be charged beyond the maximum allowed. To prevent this, the cell's connections are either disconnected (contactor) or bypassed. Similarly, the bridging of a damaged or sensory measurable low-power cell may be useful to increase the overall performance of the battery.
• State of the art are passive mechanical components, which z. B. by an overpressure in the cell (irreversible) deformed and thereby triggered. Common names are z. For example, terms such as “overcharge protection circuit”, “overcharge safety device” (OSD) or “current interrupt device” (CID)
• Fire protection sprinkler systems burst at a predetermined temperature and activate the sprinklers.
• the use as a thermal fuse in electrical engineering is state of the art.
• EP 2 228 849 A1 discloses a rechargeable battery having a
• Electrode unit and a housing for mounting the electrode unit therein, wherein the housing varies depending on the internal pressure.
• the electrode Unit includes a separator and first and second electrodes disposed on two opposite sides of the separator.
• the invention relates to a device which can be installed in a battery cell (for example lithium-ion battery of an electric vehicle) and serves to separate or bridge the connections internally.
• a mechanical security element is integrated consisting of a destructible body and a switching element, which can be triggered by changing a physical quantity such as temperature or pressure.
• a device according to the invention can respond to different physical quantities.
• the present invention provides a device for disconnecting and / or bridging connections for a battery cell, wherein the device has a first electrode connection, wherein the first electrode connection can be connected to a first connection via the device, the device having the following features: a switching element, wherein the switching element is formed, in a primary switching state, an electrical connection between the first
• Disconnect electrode terminal and the first terminal a destructible body, wherein the destructible body has a non-linear characteristic, wherein the characteristic of a relationship between a physical size and the strength of the destructible body, wherein the destructible body is adapted to hold the switching element in the primary switching state in an intact state and to cause a switching of the switching element in the other switching state in a destroyed state.
• a battery cell may be understood as a rechargeable storage for electrical energy, such as an accumulator.
• a battery cell can be understood as meaning a rechargeable secondary cell, secondary element or an accumulator.
• Battery cells may be connected in a series circuit and / or a parallel connection in a battery.
• a built-up of battery cells battery can be used in a vehicle.
• the vehicle may be a
• Motor vehicle such as a passenger car, a truck another commercial vehicle, a truck or a watercraft like a
• the vehicle may be equipped with a hybrid drive or it may be an electric vehicle.
• the vehicle may have at least one battery as starter battery and / or traction battery.
• a device may consist of a switching element and a destructible body or at least comprise these two elements.
• the device may be considered an electromechanical unit and / or mechanical
• the device may exist as a separate unit or alternatively be an integral part of a battery cell.
• Electrode terminal of the device may be formed with a
• Electrode connection of a galvanic element of a battery cell to be connected The first terminal of the device may be configured to be connected to an external terminal of a battery cell.
• the switching element of the device may have at least two switching states. The switching element can be held by an intact destructible body in a primary switching state. In the primary switching state, an electrical connection can be made between the first electrode terminal and the first terminal of the device. The switching element may have a different switching state. In the other switching state, the electrical connection between the first electrode terminal and the first terminal may be interrupted.
• the switching element may be of the primary Change switching state in the other switching state, if the destructible body is not intact, ie destroyed.
• the destructible body may be a hollow body and / or an ampule having a shell which has a higher strength than an interior of the body.
• the destructible body may have at least one fluid in its interior.
• the destructible body can also have at least two fluids with different thermal expansion coefficients in its interior. If the body has at least two fluids in its interior, a fluid may be a liquid and an at least second fluid may be a gaseous fluid such as air.
• the destructible body may be made of a material having a non-linear characteristic. The non-linear characteristic can be the
• Strength may be understood to mean a property of the body which represents a change in the original shape of the body without the action of the physical quantity; So the body joins in
• Exposure of different degrees of physical size to different degrees (ie non-linear) deformed By a physical quantity, for example, a temperature, a pressure, a vibration, a shock and / or an acceleration can be understood. Under the intact state of the destructible body can be understood its basic form and or an undamaged form of the destructible body. The destructible body can be irreversibly deformed and / or destroyed.
• Triggering of the destructible body as a mechanical security element can decouple the connections, for example a battery cell. It is advantageous that a dangerous condition, for example, when used in a battery cell dangerous state of the battery cell, such as strong pressure increase, impending thermal outlier, or "thermal runaway" can be prevented by the approach presented here, in which the device as passive
• the device may simultaneously or alternatively respond to various hazardous conditions such as temperature rise and / or pressure rise.
• the switching element is designed to assume a secondary switching state and / or a tertiary switching state as the other switching state, wherein the
• Switching element is formed, in the secondary switching state to interrupt the electrical connection between the first electrode and the first terminal and short in the tertiary switching state, the first terminal and a second terminal and to interrupt the electrical connection between the first electrode and the first terminal, wherein the second terminal is connected to a second electrode terminal.
• Different events can cause different reactions.
• the destructible body can react differently to pressure and / or temperature, for example, than to a blow and / or one
• the destructible body can consist of two sub-bodies, it being possible for the destructible body to be designed so that only one of the two sub-bodies is destroyed during an event and, in the case of another event, both sub-bodies are destroyed.
• the destructible body may be formed by a
• the pressure increase or exceeding a threshold of the pressure can be understood as a physical quantity.
• An increase in pressure can be understood to mean an increase in pressure of the environment of the device.
• the destructible body may be configured to change from the intact state to the destroyed state by a temperature rise.
• the destructible body can be destroyed when a pre-defined temperature threshold is exceeded.
• a fluid in the interior of the destructible body may expand due to an increase in temperature and convert the destructible body to a non-intact state.
• the device comprises a heating coil and a connection for the heating coil, wherein the
• Heating coil is arranged next to the destructible body, wherein the
• Heating coil is formed by heating the destructible body to bring this from the intact state to the destroyed state. Under a heating coil, a heating resistor can be understood. Under one
• the device may include a piezoelectric actuator, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is disposed adjacent to the destructible body, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is configured to bring the destructible body from the intact condition to the destroyed condition.
• a piezoelectric trigger can be understood as meaning a piezoactuator, the piezoactuator being designed to trigger or destroy the destructible body when a corresponding voltage is present.
• the destructible body can be formed by impact and / or vibration and / or deformation of the intact state in the destroyed
• a passive crash sensor To bring state. Under a destructible body that changes by impact and / or vibration and / or deformation in the non-intact state, a passive crash sensor can be understood.
• the destructible body may experience an acceleration above one
• a holder of the destructible body may be formed, a shock and / or a deformation and / or a
• Transfer vibration to the destructible body can be done by means of a sharp edge and / or another movably arranged component.
• a resistor is connected in parallel with the switching element, wherein the resistor is designed to discharge the battery cell in the destroyed state of the destructible body.
• a resistor can be understood as meaning a two-pole passive electrical component for realizing an ohmic resistance.
• a resistor may have an electrical resistance above a predefined threshold. In order to bring about the fastest possible discharge (and thus bringing about the safe state), the resistance can be, for example, in the range of a few milliOhms, in extreme cases it can even represent a quasi short circuit (sub-millihms). If a slower discharge is desired (in order to keep the thermal load low, resistance values in the range of 10m-1 Ohms can be selected.) These values discharge a typical lithium-ion battery cell for electric vehicles in about 1 h.
• a connecting line of the first terminal in a region arranged adjacent to the destructible body may be formed as a terminal area thinned with respect to a further area of the connecting line, the thinned one
• Terminal area is formed, with a rise of a current one
• the destructible body is designed as a glass ampoule.
• An embodiment of the destructible body as a glass ampoule may be advantageous, since the material reacts both cost-effective and to a thermal change, vibration and / or impact and / or shock as well as pressure with a non-linear strength characteristic.
• the destructible body can be arranged in a cell interior of a battery cell and the switching element can be arranged hermetically sealed relative to the cell interior. Under the cell interior, the interior of a device or a body can be understood, in which the inventive device for
• Fuel cell By separating the switching element hermetically from the cell interior, corrosion of contacts of the switching element can be prevented. By separating the switching element from the cell interior, the electrical conductivity of the switching element can be maintained better and longer.
• the destructible body may be filled with a fluid.
• a fluid in the cell interior may be different to the environment and to the material of the destructible body
• the fluid can be designed such that it is at a predefined heat supply
• Temperature threshold extends so far that the destructible body is not destroyed and a shape of the body is changed from its basic shape.
• the fluid may be configured to cause a chemical reaction in the destroyed state of the destructible body.
• the fluid may be configured to chemically react with another fluid and / or material.
• the fluid may be formed, substances from a
• the present invention provides according to an embodiment of the invention a method for decoupling and simultaneously or alternatively bridging connections for a device for disconnecting and / or bridging connections for a battery cell, the method comprising the following step:
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the present invention.
• Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the
• FIG. 4 block diagram of a method of an embodiment of the
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows a device 100 for disconnecting and / or bridging connections 1 10, 120 for a battery cell. The
• the Device 100 has a first electrode terminal 110, a first terminal 120, a switching element 130 and a destructible body 140.
• the switching element consists of a fixed part 132 of the
• Pretensioned contact tongue may also be referred to as a movable contact spring 135.
• the first electrode terminal 110 is connected to the switching element 130 via a line.
• the first terminal 120 is connected to the switching element 130 via another line.
• the switching element 130 is shown in Fig. 1 in its primary switching state. An electrical connection between the first electrode terminal 110 and the first terminal 120 is established via the switching element 130.
• the switching element 130 has a
• the prestressed contact tongue 135 is moved from the destructible body 140 to the fixed part 132 of the
• Switching element 130 which is connected to the first electrode terminal 1 10, pressed and held in position.
• Fig. 1 shows the destructible body in the intact state.
• the movable contact spring 135 disengages from the fixed portion 132 of the FIG.
• Electrode port 1 10 and the first port 120 is open
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of another embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 shows, in comparison to FIG. 1, an extended device 100 for disconnecting and / or bridging connections 1 10, 120 for a battery cell.
• the device 100 has, in addition to the first electrode terminal 110 shown in FIG. 1, the first terminal 120, the
• the second connection 250 is arranged in the region of the switching element 130 such that an electrical connection between the first connection 120 and the second connection 250 can be produced by means of the prestressed contact tongue 135.
• the Heating coil 260 is arranged parallel to the destructible body 140.
• the heating coil 260 is connected to the electrical release 265 for the heating coil 260. Furthermore, between the first
• Electrode port 1 10 and the first port 120 is a high-impedance
• Resistor 270 is arranged. The line between the prestressed
• the contact tongue 135 and the first connection 120 have a thinned connection region 280 in the region parallel to the destructible body 140.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention using the example of a battery cell.
• Device 100 is arranged inside a battery cell 300.
• Battery cell has a galvanic element 310.
• the galvanic element 310 may also be referred to as cell winding 310.
• the galvanic element 310 has two electrodes, of which one electrode is connected to the first
• Electrode port 1 10 and the other electrode 320 is connected to the second port 250. From the battery cell 300, the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 250 led out and contacted from outside the battery cell.
• the electrode 320 of the galvanic element 310 is permanently connected to the terminal 250 of the cell 300.
• Electrode 1 10 of element 310 is connected to terminal 120 via a movable contact tongue 135.
• a limit is exceeded (temperature, current, pressure)
• the glass ampoule 140 bursts and the prestressed contact spring 135 separates from the connection 132 to the electrode 110 and, as an option, produces a short circuit to the connection 250.
• the galvanic element 310 is decoupled and optionally the cell 300 bridged.
• the device 100 can be integrated into or into a battery cell 300.
• the apparatus 100 may use a glass ampule 140 to decouple and / or disconnect a battery cell 300.
• the glass ampoule is exposed to the cell interior, but the contacts are hermetically sealed against the cell interior to prevent corrosion of the contacts.
• a liquid is filled inside the glass ampoule (hermetically sealed). This liquid can cause a desired chemical reaction upon exiting, for example, bind substances from the electrolyte, raise the flame temperature, etc.
• a particular important advantage over some of the solutions used today is that the necessary to trigger ohmic resistance (which in normal operation to
• the thinned terminal region 280 is omitted (without dilution in FIG. 3).
• Another advantage is that no housing wall modification is necessary for a (passive and / or active) triggering via internal pressure.
• Current systems have a pop-up membrane in the outer wall, which folds down when pressure rises and triggers a desired short circuit. For this z. As the cell lid can be modified to accommodate this membrane.
• Bypassing terminals for a battery cell includes a step 410 of initiating the destructible body using a physical Size, wherein the destructible body changes from the intact state to the non-intact, ie destroyed state.
• Embodiments are shown in Figures 1 to 3 , is the use of various measurements and characteristics about the cells of a battery to control an actuator within a cell, which reversibly or irreversibly the cell in which it is installed, disconnect and / or can bridge For optimum performance and the highest possible security of the cell
• thermo triggering glass ampoule thermo triggering glass ampoule
• Method 400 comprises a step 410 of triggering, wherein the triggering takes place via an increase in pressure in the housing (ampoule implodes) and / or wherein the triggering takes place via a temperature rise within the cell, and / or wherein the triggering takes place via a current increase through the cell ( external short circuit, the dilution 280 in FIG. 3 heats up and triggers the ampoule), whereby the dilute point 280 can be omitted if this triggering criterion is not required.
• step 410 of the triggering the triggering can be done electrically.
• the heating coil in FIG. 3 is heated via a current and triggers the ampoule. This can be any meaningful criteria, for example, from an electronic
• Embodiment the release of vibration (shock) and / or over
• the holder of the ampoule is formed in accordance with one embodiment, in order to transmit the accelerations and / or deformations on the ampoule. Examples: sharp edge, which is pressed into the ampoule. Sharp edge, which moves at high accelerations and smashes the ampoule. Depending on
• the release takes place all or a part
• an exemplary embodiment comprises a "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature, then this is to be read so that the embodiment according to one embodiment, both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment either only first feature or only the second feature.

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-21 DE DE102012208470A patent/DE102012208470A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-04-23 WO PCT/EP2013/058356 patent/WO2013174590A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-04-23 CN CN201380026323.1A patent/CN104303338B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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