Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells

Definitions

• the electrolytic deposit of metals is normally carried out in masonry cells, coated with insulating materials and resistant to temperature and acids or bases depending on the type of electrolyte used.
• the electrolyte is fed by one end of the Cell, while the spent electrolyte is discharged by the opposite lower end, if the feed has been by the upper edge, or vice versa.
• removable insulating structures are used to fix the position of anodes and cathodes, as indicated in the Chilean Patent No. 45288 of August 11, 2009, in which They mount the anodes, cathodes, electrolyte circulation pipes and air distribution and mist extraction pipes, all of which can be removed from the cell at the end of the production cycle for maintenance, replacing it with another, drastically reducing the losses of production.
• the removable insulating structure mentioned above has as many cathode guides, as cathodes are used in the cell, in which the guides are located vertically on both sides of the cell, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the cathodes, and are they materialize through omega or "U" cross section profiles.
• these cathode guide profiles have a head, which inside has a similar shape to half a funnel divided by a vertical diametral plane, in order to facilitate the downward introduction of the cathodes.
• the introduction of the cathodes to the cell is done by hanging a quantity of stainless steel cathodes or other material suitable for this purpose, in a device that is handled by a crane bridge and that once placed in position on the cell is lowered , until one end of the cathode support bars, rests on one side of the cell on the energized rails and the other end of the support bar rests on the other side of the cell on the insulating material located on the upper lateral edge of the cell.
• the Chilean patent application 199900200 describes a directional piece of the movements of entry and exit of a cathode plate in an electro-holding cell, which comprises a solid body of elastomeric material with rounded vertices, a metallic steel insert inside which allows fix the piece on the edge of the plate.
• US2007051621 (A1) - 2007-03-08 discloses a cathode whose vertical edges are coated to prevent deposition at said edges and whose lower vertices have chamfered.
• US2002066667 (A1) -2002-06-06 discloses a cathode whose vertical edges are coated with an electrolyte-resistant ceramic coating, to prevent the concentration of flow lines, in said cathode locations.
• this utility model which consists of a standard flat cathode of stainless steel or other suitable material, such as the one illustrated in Figure N ° 3, to which all edges have been removed live on both vertical edges (3 and 7) and on the lower edge (5) as well as on its lower corners (4 and 6).
• the elimination of the living edges of the edges (3, 7 and 5) has materialized by rounding each of the living edges, with a radius of size less than half the thickness of the cathode, which retains a flat area in the center on the sides of the cathode both in the vertical (3 and 7) and in its lower horizontal (5).
• rounding was performed by forming in each corner a quarter of an ellipse whose major axis was made parallel to the vertical edges of the cathode.
• rounding was performed by forming in each corner a quarter of an ellipse whose minor axis was made parallel to the vertical edges of the cathode.
• rounding can be done using any second degree curve, or another.
• the cathode functionality of this Utility Model can be improved by polishing the corners and rounded edges, further facilitating the sliding of the cathodes in the guides, increasing the life of the guide heads.
• the polishing operation can consider two stages, a first roughing stage, for which an angular emery with thick abrasive discs can be used to remove all living edges, and a second polishing stage, in which grain emery stones can be used fine, such as 100 Tyler meshes and then finish with emeralds of 200 Tyler meshes or more, depending on the level of polishing you want to achieve.
• Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an Electrolytic Cell with anode and cathode guides, in which the cathode shown on the cell will be introduced.
• FIG 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an Electrolytic Cell, in which a cathode has been completely introduced into the cathode guides.
• Figure 3 shows a front elevation view of a cathode of this Utility Model.
• Figure 4 shows a profile view of a Cathode of this Utility Model.
• Figure 5 shows a partial isometric view of a removable insulating structure to fix the position of anodes and cathodes, in which a cathode of this Utility Model has been introduced.
• Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view according to A-A ( Figure 2) of a traditional cathode inserted in the cathode guides used in the removable insulating structure to fix the position of anodes and cathodes.
• Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view according to A-A ( Figure 2) of a cathode of this Utility Model, inserted in the cathode guides used in the removable insulating structure to fix the position of anodes and cathodes, whose edges They were rounded with a radius less than half the cathode thickness.
• Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view according to A-A ( Figure 2) of a cathode of this Utility Model, inserted in the cathode guides used in the removable insulating structure to fix the position of anodes and cathodes, whose edges They were rounded with a radius equal to half the cathode thickness.
• Figure 9 shows a partial view of an enlarged cross-section, of an Electrolytic Cell, with a removable insulating structure to fix the position of anodes and cathodes.
• Plenum for extraction of acid mist from the electrolytic cell 11.
• the anodes were loaded and then the 20 cathodes in a specially adapted device.
• the cathodes used, the vertical and horizontal living edges were removed, rounding them to a circular section, with a radius equal to half the cathode thickness, while the corners of the lower vertices were rounded to a quarter of a circle each one, with a radius equal to 2.25 thicknesses of cathode.
• the edges of both resulting quarter quarters were rounded to half rods of radius equal to medium cathode thickness.
• the 20 cathodes were positioned on the cathode guides of the removable insulating structure, lowering the device with the 20 cathodes, by means of the Crane bridge of the Ship in which the Pilot Cell was located. Then the cell was filled with electrolyte, circulating it for 30 minutes, to verify that normal operating conditions were reproduced. After 30 minutes, its circulation was stopped and the cathodes were removed.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2013
  • 2013-07-05 WO PCT/CL2013/000040 patent/WO2014005240A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

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