WO2014007575A1 - Appareil et procédé permettant de contrôler l'utilisation d'un intervalle de temps - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé permettant de contrôler l'utilisation d'un intervalle de temps Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014007575A1
WO2014007575A1 PCT/KR2013/005994 KR2013005994W WO2014007575A1 WO 2014007575 A1 WO2014007575 A1 WO 2014007575A1 KR 2013005994 W KR2013005994 W KR 2013005994W WO 2014007575 A1 WO2014007575 A1 WO 2014007575A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slot
station
frame
value
sync frame
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2013/005994
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
권형진
이재승
정민호
유희정
박재우
이석규
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Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
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Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
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Application filed by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI filed Critical Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
Priority to US14/412,669 priority Critical patent/US9807804B2/en
Priority claimed from KR1020130078833A external-priority patent/KR102053395B1/ko
Publication of WO2014007575A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014007575A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US15/717,535 priority patent/US10624135B2/en
Priority to US16/812,073 priority patent/US11172518B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
    • H04W74/0891—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access for synchronized access

Definitions

  • Examples described below relate to an apparatus and method for controlling a slot-based channel access of a station by an access point managing a network in a wireless local area network (WLAN) environment, and a terminal operating accordingly.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • too many STAs in a network or a node may increase collision probability between STAs.
  • One way to mitigate this is to use a slot-based channel access scheme in which the AP divides the channel access interval into slots having a predetermined length and allocates a time point to the slot when the STA accesses the channel.
  • the AP informs the STA of the slot location and duration allocated through the beacon or broadcast frame, and the STA that has listened to the beacon may exchange data in the assigned slot.
  • Slot allocation may restrict access to only a specific STA or STA group, and in this case, an unauthorized STA does not access and thus may reduce the number of STAs connected at the same time.
  • the STA may already compete with the STA assigned to the slot. This is because the STA accesses the channel with the distributed coordination function (DCF) of CSMA / CA method, not TDMA even in the slot allocated to the STA.
  • DCF distributed coordination function
  • the allocated slot is an uplink (UL) for transmitting data to the AP
  • power consumption increases due to a back off due to a collision.
  • the AP needs to additionally protect the slots allocated to the STAs.
  • the allocated STA may be assigned a slot that is acquired in some way, either by acquiring a Network Allocation Vector (NAV) through an RTS / CTS exchange in an allocated slot, by the AP restricting channel access through a beacon, or through a specific frame for protection. You may not be able to use them all. In this case, by releasing such NAV, another STA may be allowed to access.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • a slot usage control method in which an access point controls slot-based channel access of a station comprises: generating a sync frame including an identification value indicating an station assigned to a slot; And when the channel is in an idle state at the start point of the slot, broadcasting the generated sink frame.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a WLAN environment including an access point and a plurality of terminals to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
  • Synch Frame is a diagram showing an example of using.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a slot usage control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a slot use control method uses a persistence value.
  • 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating an operation of releasing a slot by a slot use control method according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation of supporting a schedule-negotiated station by a slot usage control method according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a slot use control apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a WLAN environment including an access point and a plurality of terminals to which an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
  • the AP 100 applies a slot-based channel access method as a method of alleviating this in an environment in which there are too many STAs in a network or a collision probability between STAs is increased by a hidden node.
  • a method of dividing a channel access interval into slots having a certain length and allocating a time point for accessing a channel to a slot may be used.
  • the core concept of this method is to reduce the number of STAs that access at the same time by varying the time to access the channel for each STA.
  • the AP 100 notifies the location and duration of the slot allocated to the STA through a beacon or a broadcast frame, and the STA that listens to the beacon may exchange data in the allocated slot.
  • the STA since the STA is not allowed to access, the number of STAs connected at the same time can be reduced.
  • the STA may already compete with the assigned STA. Can be. This is because the STA accesses the channel through the distributed coordination function (DCF) of the CSMA / CA method, not the TDMA even in the slot allocated to the STA.
  • DCF distributed coordination function
  • the AP 100 allocates a specific slot to a station group of the STA2 120 and the STA3 130 and positions the slot assigned to the station group of the STA2 120 and the STA3 130. And the interval may be broadcast.
  • the STA1 110 may attempt to access a slot allocated to the station group.
  • the stations of the STA2 120 and the STA3 130 may be connected.
  • the group and the STA1 110 may compete in the corresponding slot.
  • the allocated slot is an UL (uplink) for transmitting data to the AP 100, it is backoff due to a collision and not only consumes received power due to channel listening but also a larger amount of transmit power. Since consumption may occur, there is a need to reduce collisions between STAs.
  • UL uplink
  • Synch Frame is a diagram showing an example of using.
  • a station that is allocated a slot from an access point and wakes up at a slot start does not know whether a hidden node exists.
  • the access point may transmit a sync frame when the channel is in an idle state at slot start.
  • a station may perform channel access according to a distributed coordination function (DCF) immediately after receiving a sync frame 202 at a slot boundary 201 from an access point.
  • DCF distributed coordination function
  • a station in an awake state may receive a beacon message from an access point (210).
  • the station may wake up at the slot boundary 201 to wait for channel synch (220).
  • the access point may transmit the sync frame 202 to the station in the slot boundary 201.
  • the station may sink to the channel using the sync frame 202 received from the access point, and may start channel access according to the DCF rule (230).
  • the access point when the access point determines that the channel is busy or is receiving data from the station in the slot boundary 301, the access point may not transmit a sync frame. There is (302). The station may wait without accessing the channel since it has not received a sync frame, and the wait may be (i) receiving a sync frame, (ii) receiving another frame from an access point, or (iii) a probe delay. At the end of the interval it can continue until either one is satisfied (waiting rule of the station).
  • the station that wakes up from the assigned slot boundary 301 and attempts to access the channel does not know whether the current channel is occupied, it determines whether the channel is occupied by using the sync frame sent by the access point, and when the sync frame is received, The channel can be accessed and synchronized.
  • station x when station x (STA x) is a hidden node for station n (STA n), station x may be transmitting a packet to the access point beyond slot boundary 301 (310). ). In this case, the station may wake up from the slot boundary 301 and wait for a packet to sink to the medium (320). At this time, the station cannot hear the data packet from station x. In addition, the station may sink to the channel when receiving the ACK message from the access point (330).
  • the conventional method described in Figs. 5 and 6 only describes the operation of the assigned station, and does not describe the operation of other stations in the network. Stations other than the assigned station are also awake and can start receiving channel access by receiving sync frames, whether to allow access only to the station assigned to the slot or to all stations receiving the sync frame. As a result, the operation of the station may vary. Thus, settings are required for the operation of other stations in the network as well as for the operation of assigned stations.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a slot usage control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an access point may control slot-based channel access of a station (hereinafter, a method of controlling the slot-based channel access of a station is called a slot usage control method).
  • the slot usage control method may generate a sync frame including an identification value indicating an station allocated to a slot (410).
  • the station assigned to the slot may be one station or may be a station group including a plurality of stations.
  • the slot usage control method may generate a sync frame by setting a receiver address (RA) in a MAC header.
  • RA receiver address
  • the slot usage control method may use receiver AID and BSSID values instead of RA values. That is, the slot usage control method may generate a sync frame by setting a receiver AID and a BSSID value in an SM header. At this time, since the AID is unique to the BSS, stations can be uniquely distinguished by using the BSSID together.
  • SSH short mac header
  • one group can be identified by the most significant bits (MSB) of the AID. That is, when a station allocated to a slot is a station group including a plurality of stations, and when the station group is divided hierarchically using an AID value, the slot usage control method uses the MSB (most significant) of the AID value. bits) may be used as an identification value to generate a sync frame.
  • MSB most significant bits
  • the remaining LSB bits may use only one pattern. That is, in the slot usage control method, the least significant bits (LSB) value of the AID value may have the same pattern. For example, all LSB bits may be set to zero.
  • one separate bit field may be provided to distinguish a group station and a unique station. That is, in the slot usage control method, when a station allocated to a slot is a station group including a plurality of stations, a division bit field for distinguishing a group station and a unique station included in the station group is provided. Set to generate a sync frame.
  • the sync frame may be in the form of a null data packet (NDP).
  • the NDP may be a frame composed only of preambles.
  • the preamble may be composed of a long training field (LTF), a short training field (STF), and a signal field (SIG) for synchronization and channel estimation. Therefore, the receiver AID and the BSSID can be put in the SIG field.
  • the slot usage control method may generate a sync frame in the form of a null data packet (NDP) including at least one of a long training field (LTF), a short training field (STF), and a signal field (SIG).
  • the slot usage control method may set a sync frame by setting a receiver AID and a BSSID value in the SIG field.
  • a partial AID or a partial BSSID may be used due to the limited number of bits of the SIG field.
  • scrambling may be used since the only decision is partial. That is, the slot usage control method may set a partial AID or a partial BSSID value in the SIG field.
  • the slot usage control method may broadcast the generated sync frame when the channel is in the idle state at the start point of the slot ( 420). Therefore, after receiving the sync frame, only the station indicated in the sync frame is allowed to access the channel, and other stations cannot wait for the channel access.
  • the slot usage control method may write down a duration value so that a power saver may be saved while stations other than the displayed station wait.
  • a duration value so that a power saver may be saved while stations other than the displayed station wait.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a slot use control method uses a persistence value.
  • the access point 500 may generate a sync frame to further include a duration value (510). That is, the slot usage control method may generate a sync frame to include an identification value and a persistence value indicating the station 501 assigned to the slot. After receiving the sync frame, only the station 501 indicated in the sync frame may have channel access (520).
  • Other stations 502 other than the station 501 indicated in the sync frame may set a network allocation vector (NAV) as the received persistence value (530). Also, the other station 502 may not have channel access until the NAV is zero (540). For example, other stations 520 may transition to sleep status until the NAV goes to zero to save power. Therefore, the station 501 assigned to the slot can be protected from collision.
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • the slot usage control method may set a value indicating the amount of the interval for transmitting the sync frame again.
  • the slot usage control method may retransmit the sync frame for each section having a set value.
  • the value of the interval usually has the same meaning as the slot duration, but because it is not listening to beacons or for STAs in OBSS, it uses a fixed value rather than a value that can change as a slot duration. Can be. That is, the slot usage control method may set a value indicating the amount of the interval for transmitting the sync frame again to a fixed value. Transmitting sync frames every fixed time interval may be used to protect slot usage from stations entering a channel within an allocated slot interval.
  • the slot usage control method may release a protected slot again to allow another station to access it.
  • an operation of releasing a slot by the slot usage control method will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • 6 and 7 are diagrams illustrating an operation of releasing a slot by a slot use control method according to an embodiment.
  • a station protected by a slot may not be used up by a station allocated to the slot.
  • the slot usage control method according to an embodiment may use a CF-End frame to release the NAV to allow access to other stations.
  • the slot usage control method may release the slot.
  • the access point 600 may transmit a sync frame (610). In addition, the access point 600 may wait for a frame to be received from the station 601 assigned to the slot.
  • the slot usage control method may transmit a CF-End frame when the frame is not received from the station 601 allocated to the slot during the preset data sensing time 603 (620). That is, the access point 600 may inform the other station 602 other than the station 601 assigned to the slot by transmitting the CF-End frame, indicating that the allocated slot has been released.
  • the other station 602 receiving the CF-End frame may reset the set NAV (630).
  • the other station 602 may have channel access (640).
  • the other station 602 may start channel access after the value of the duration field included in the CF-End frame.
  • the access point 600 may transmit a request management frame to the station 601 assigned to the slot (610). Further, the access point 600 considers that the station is absent when the response management frame corresponding to the request management frame is not received from the station 601 assigned to the slot during the preset data sensing time 603, and CF- An end frame may be transmitted (620).
  • the response management frame may be, for example, an ACK frame for data sent to the station 601 assigned to the slot, a CTS frame for the RTS, a response management frame for a management frame in a request form, and the like.
  • the operation of the other station 602 receiving the CF-End frame may operate in the same manner as in the case of UL.
  • a station allocated to a slot may release a channel when there is no more data while using the channel.
  • the station 701 allocated to the slot may transmit a CF-End frame to the access point 700 when there are no more frames to transmit in the allocated slot (710).
  • the station 701 allocated to the slot may add a sum of the time required to transmit the CF-End frame, the time required to transmit the SIFS, and the response CF-End frame, to a duration field of the CF-End frame. It can be set to the value of).
  • the access point 700 may set the value of the persistent field of the received CF-End frame to 0 (720).
  • the access point 700 may transmit a CF-End frame having the value of the persistent field set to 0 to a station 702 other than the station 701 allocated to the slot (730).
  • the other station 702 receives either the CF-End frame transmitted from the station 701 assigned to the slot or the CF-End frame transmitted from the access point 700, the other station 702 receives the channel access after the channel duration time. May be 740.
  • the method of setting the NAV by using the above-mentioned duration field and the method of sending a sync frame at regular intervals during the data exchange may be performed on a scheduled and allocated resource, not slot-based channel access. Can be applied. This will be described below with reference to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation of supporting a schedule-negotiated station by a slot usage control method according to an embodiment.
  • the access point may wake up at a specific time after negotiating a schedule to support the station wishing to exchange data.
  • a station has a low duty cycle like a sensor and can be sensitive to power consumption. Thus, these stations can wake up and exchange data only at the scheduled time.
  • the access point may allocate and inform time information-i) a target wake time (TWT) indicating a time to wake up and an interval indicating a time interval allocated after waking up to a specific station.
  • TWT target wake time
  • a hidden node may cause a collision, which is the same as the slot-based channel access case described above.
  • the station may wake up to the TWT 801 to wait for channel synch (810).
  • the access point may transmit a sync frame to the TWT 801 when the channel is idle to help the station quickly sync to the channel (820).
  • the station may sink to the channel upon receiving the sync frame from the access point, and may start channel access according to an Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) rule (830).
  • EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access
  • the station may return to the sleep mode (840).
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a slot use control apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • the slot usage control apparatus 900 may control slot-based channel access of a station in a wireless local area network.
  • the slot usage control device 900 may be inserted into and operate as a module in the access point.
  • the slot use control apparatus 900 includes a generator 910 and a transmitter 920.
  • the generator 910 may generate a sync frame including an identification value indicating an station allocated to the slot.
  • the station assigned to the slot may be one station or may be a station group including a plurality of stations.
  • the generation unit 910 may generate a sync frame by setting a receiver address (RA) in a MAC header.
  • RA receiver address
  • the generation unit 910 may use a receiver AID and a BSSID value instead of the RA value. That is, the generation unit 910 may generate a sync frame by setting a receiver AID and a BSSID value in the SM header. At this time, since the AID is unique to the BSS, stations can be uniquely distinguished by using the BSSID together.
  • SSH short mac header
  • one group can be identified by the most significant bits (MSB) of the AID. That is, when a station allocated to a slot is a station group including a plurality of stations, and the station group is divided hierarchically using an AID value, the generation unit 910 generates an MSB (mostly AID value). A sync frame can be generated using the significant bits) as an identification value.
  • MSB most significant bits
  • the remaining LSB bits may use only one pattern. That is, in the generation unit 910, the LSB (least significant bits) value of the AID value may have the same pattern. For example, all LSB bits may be set to zero.
  • the generation unit 910 is a division bit field for distinguishing a group station and a unique station included in the station group when the station allocated to the slot is a station group including a plurality of stations. You can create a sync frame by setting.
  • the sync frame may be in the form of a null data packet (NDP).
  • NDP null data packet
  • the NDP may be a frame composed only of preambles.
  • the preamble may be composed of a long training field (LTF), a short training field (STF), and a signal field (SIG) for synchronization and channel estimation. Therefore, the receiver AID and the BSSID can be put in the SIG field.
  • the generator 910 may generate a sync frame in the form of a NDP (Null Data Packet) including at least one of a long training field (LTF), a short training field (STF), and a signal field (SIG). have.
  • the generation unit 910 may set a sync frame by setting a receiver AID and a BSSID value in the SIG field.
  • a partial AID or a partial BSSID may be used due to the limited number of bits of the SIG field.
  • scrambling may be used since the only decision is partial. That is, the generation unit 910 may set a partial AID or a partial BSSID value in the SIG field.
  • the transmitter 920 may broadcast the generated sync frame when the channel is in the idle state at the start point of the slot. . Therefore, after receiving the sync frame, only the station indicated in the sync frame is allowed to access the channel, and other stations cannot wait for the channel access.
  • the generation unit 910 may write down a sustain value so that a power saver may be saved while stations other than the displayed station are waiting. That is, the generation unit 910 may generate a sync frame to include an identification value and a duration value indicating an station allocated to the slot. After receiving the sync frame, only the station indicated in the sync frame can access the channel.
  • Stations other than the stations indicated in the sync frame may set a network allocation vector (NAV) as the received persistence value.
  • NAV network allocation vector
  • the other station may not have channel access until the NAV is zero.
  • other stations may transition to sleep status until the NAV goes to zero to save power.
  • the station assigned to the slot can be protected from collision.
  • the persistence field may not be possible to add the persistence field due to the number of bits (for example, when using NDP).
  • an implicit value may be set and a sync frame may be re-sent once for each interval. That is, the generator 910 may set a value indicating the amount of the interval for transmitting the sync frame again. Also, the transmitter 920 may transmit the sync frame again for each section having a set value.
  • the value of the interval usually has the same meaning as the slot duration, but because it is not listening to beacons or for STAs in OBSS, it uses a fixed value rather than a value that can change as a slot duration. Can be. That is, the generator 910 may set a value indicating the amount of the interval for transmitting the sync frame again to a fixed value. Transmitting sync frames every fixed time interval may be used to protect slot usage from stations entering a channel within an allocated slot interval.
  • the slot use control apparatus 900 may release the protected slot again to allow other stations to access.
  • a station protected by a slot may not be used up by a station allocated to the slot.
  • the slot usage control apparatus 900 may use the CF-End frame to release the NAV to allow access of another station.
  • the slot usage control apparatus 900 may release the slot when the station allocated to the protected slot does not enter.
  • the transmitter 920 of the slot usage control device 900 may transmit a sync frame.
  • the slot usage control apparatus 900 may wait for a frame to be received from a station assigned to the slot.
  • the transmitter 920 may transmit a CF-End frame when a frame is not received from a station allocated to a slot during a preset data sensing time. That is, the slot usage control apparatus 900 may notify other stations other than the station allocated to the slot that the allocated slot is released by transmitting the CF-End frame.
  • the other station receiving the CF-End frame may reset the set NAV.
  • other stations may have channel access.
  • the other station may start channel access after the value of the duration field included in the CF-End frame.
  • the transmitter 920 may transmit a request management frame to a station allocated to a slot.
  • the slot usage control apparatus 900 considers that the station is absent and transmits the CF-End frame when the response management frame corresponding to the request management frame is not received from the station allocated to the slot during the preset data sensing time. Can be.
  • the response management frame may be, for example, an ACK frame for data sent to a station allocated to a slot, a CTS frame for RTS, a response management frame for a management frame in a request form, and the like.
  • the operation of the other station receiving the CF-End frame may operate in the same manner as in the case of UL.
  • a station assigned to a slot may use the channel and release the channel when there is no more data.
  • the station allocated to the slot may transmit the CF-End frame to the slot use control device 900 when there are no more frames to transmit in the allocated slot.
  • the station assigned to the slot is a sum of the time required to transmit the CF-End frame, the time required to transmit the SIFS and the response CF-End frame, and the value of the duration field of the CF-End frame. Can be set.
  • the slot use control apparatus 900 may set the value of the persistent field of the received CF-End frame to zero.
  • the transmitter 920 may transmit a CF-End frame having the value of the persistent field set to 0 to a station other than the station allocated to the slot.
  • the other station may access the channel after the channel duration time.
  • Embodiments according to the present invention can be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means can be recorded on a computer readable medium.
  • the computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination.
  • Program instructions recorded on the media may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well-known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.
  • Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape, optical media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magnetic disks, such as floppy disks.
  • Examples of program instructions include not only machine code generated by a compiler, but also high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.
  • the hardware device described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

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PCT/KR2013/005994 2012-07-05 2013-07-05 Appareil et procédé permettant de contrôler l'utilisation d'un intervalle de temps Ceased WO2014007575A1 (fr)

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US14/412,669 US9807804B2 (en) 2012-07-05 2013-07-05 Apparatus and method for controlling slot usage
US15/717,535 US10624135B2 (en) 2012-07-05 2017-09-27 Apparatus and method for controlling slot usage
US16/812,073 US11172518B2 (en) 2012-07-05 2020-03-06 Apparatus and method for controlling slot usage

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KR20120073208 2012-07-05
KR10-2012-0073208 2012-07-05
US201261746070P 2012-12-26 2012-12-26
US61/746,070 2012-12-26
KR1020130078833A KR102053395B1 (ko) 2012-07-05 2013-07-05 슬롯 사용 제어 장치 및 방법
KR10-2013-0078833 2013-07-05

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US15/717,535 Continuation US10624135B2 (en) 2012-07-05 2017-09-27 Apparatus and method for controlling slot usage

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US12389088B2 (en) 2019-02-22 2025-08-12 Roku, Inc. Use of watermarking to trigger fingerprint-related action

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