WO2014054343A1 - （メタ）アクリレート組成物 - Google Patents

（メタ）アクリレート組成物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014054343A1
WO2014054343A1 PCT/JP2013/071647 JP2013071647W WO2014054343A1 WO 2014054343 A1 WO2014054343 A1 WO 2014054343A1 JP 2013071647 W JP2013071647 W JP 2013071647W WO 2014054343 A1 WO2014054343 A1 WO 2014054343A1
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Prior art keywords
meth
acrylate
reaction
composition
molecular weight
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2013/071647
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
達也 長谷
中嶋　一雄
誠 溝口
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Kyushu University NUC
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Kyushu University NUC
AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd
Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd, Kyushu University NUC, AutoNetworks Technologies Ltd, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Priority to CN201380051451.1A priority Critical patent/CN104704011B/zh
Priority to KR1020157008221A priority patent/KR101688342B1/ko
Priority to US14/429,598 priority patent/US9353204B2/en
Priority to EP13843751.2A priority patent/EP2905292B1/en
Publication of WO2014054343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014054343A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C69/533—Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C07C69/54—Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C69/602—Dicarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/16—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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    • C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F120/10—Esters
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    • C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
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    • C08F120/10—Esters
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    • C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F120/10—Esters
    • C08F120/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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    • C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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    • C08F122/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof
    • C08F122/10—Esters
    • C08F122/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols, e.g. ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
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    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
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    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/671—Unsaturated compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/672—Esters of acrylic or alkyl acrylic acid having only one group containing active hydrogen
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
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    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
    • C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C08G65/332—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof
    • C08G65/3322—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof acyclic
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C09D133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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    • C09J133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/34—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
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    • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a (meth) acrylate composition used for adhesive materials, coating materials, sealing materials, molding materials, etc., such as automobile members, electric / electronic devices, and aircraft members.
  • a (meth) acrylate composition a composition comprising a chain transfer agent, a urethane (meth) acrylate having a plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups, a (meth) acrylate monomer, a thermal polymerization initiator, and a photopolymerization initiator. It is known (see Patent Document 1).
  • the composition can be cured by exposure to thermal energy or exposure to both actinic radiation (such as ultraviolet light) and thermal energy.
  • the curing reaction is carried out via radicals, but radicals are highly active but have a short lifetime, so they are deactivated instantaneously, and radicals are generated even though chain reactions can occur with certain radicals.
  • the curing reaction occurs only in the very vicinity. For this reason, if there is a portion where the light irradiation is insufficiently shaded, the surrounding area becomes insufficiently cured and cannot function as a cured material. Therefore, it is necessary to expose to heat energy or both to actinic radiation, and it is difficult to uniformly cure a form including a place where light cannot reach by light curing alone. For this reason, it is necessary to introduce a curing principle that uniformly cures a form including a place where light is difficult to reach only by photocuring.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a (meth) acrylate composition capable of curing the non-irradiated portion where light does not reach, in order to solve the above-described drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the (meth) acrylate composition of the present invention contains a compound having a vinyl group in the molecule and a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less, via reaction heat generated during the photopolymerization reaction.
  • the gist is to start the thermal polymerization reaction.
  • a dark portion of the composition can be cured by initiating a thermal polymerization reaction in a place where no light is irradiated by the photopolymerization reaction.
  • the (meth) acrylate composition contains a compound having a vinyl group in a molecule and a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) exceeding 300, having a vinyl group in the molecule, and ( It is preferable that the compound having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less contains 30% by mass or more of the entire compound having a vinyl group.
  • a photopolymerization initiator is preferably further contained in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by mass based on the entire composition.
  • (Meth) acrylate has a property of causing a self-polymerization reaction at a certain temperature or higher, and the temperature is 130 to 150 ° C.
  • the photopolymerization reaction is an exothermic reaction, and as the number of reaction points in a certain volume and within a certain time increases, the exotherm increases.
  • the volume occupied by a molecule is almost dependent on its molecular weight, and the reaction point is a vinyl group that becomes a polymerization reaction point.
  • the (meth) acrylate composition of the present invention contains (meth) acrylate having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less so that the density of vinyl groups capable of generating reaction heat is a predetermined number. Accordingly, it is possible to thermally polymerize (meth) acrylate in a portion where light is not reachable.
  • the value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of the (meth) acrylate component is calculated by dividing the theoretical molecular weight obtained from the structural formula of (meth) acrylate by the number of vinyl groups. It is the value.
  • the composition may contain a compound [(meth) acrylate component] having a vinyl group having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) exceeding 300.
  • the (meth) acrylate component having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less by increasing the addition amount of the (meth) acrylate component having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less with respect to the whole composition, a calorific value sufficient for starting the self-polymerization reaction can be obtained.
  • the hard-to-reach part could be cured. That is, the (meth) acrylate component having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less generates 30 of the entire compound having at least a vinyl group in order to generate sufficient heat of reaction and polymerize a portion where light does not reach. It is preferable to contain it by mass% or more. Further, the content of the (meth) acrylate component having a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) exceeding 300 is preferably less than 70% by mass of the entire compound having a vinyl group.
  • the upper limit of the content of the (meth) acrylate component having a vinyl group with a value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of 300 or less is 100% by mass in the composition.
  • the (meth) acrylate component is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having one or more (meth) acrylate groups in the molecule, and conventionally known (meth) acrylate monomers, (meth) acrylate oligomers, (meta ) An acrylate polymer or the like can be used.
  • “(meth) acrylate” means acrylate and methacrylate.
  • the (meth) acrylate examples include isobornyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, and cyclohexyl.
  • (Meth) acrylate (meth) acrylic acid, benzyl (meth) acrylate, 4-butylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acryloylmorpholine, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate , Isooctyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate, undecyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (me
  • the (meth) acrylate composition may contain a photopolymerization initiator (sometimes referred to as a photoinitiator).
  • a photoinitiator can be used as long as it initiates photopolymerization.
  • Specific examples of the photoinitiator include 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, xanthone, fluorenone, benzaldehyde, fluorene, anthraquinone, ethylanthraquinone, triphenylamine, carbazole, and 3-methylacetophenone.
  • Photoinitiators are commercially available products such as IRGACURE 184, 369, 651, 500, 907, CGI 1700, CGI 1750, CGI 1850, CG24-61; Company name).
  • the content of the photoinitiator is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20% by mass of the entire composition.
  • additives can be contained as necessary within the range not impairing the object of the present invention.
  • examples of the additive include stabilizers, plasticizers, softeners, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents, flame retardants, sensitizers, dispersants, solvents, antibacterial antifungal agents, and the like.
  • the stabilizer examples include an anti-aging agent, an antioxidant, and a dehydrating agent.
  • an anti-aging agent examples include hindered phenol compounds, hindered amine compounds (anti-aging agents), butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, triphenyl phosphate, etc. (antioxidants), maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic Acid chlorides (dehydrating agents) such as acid dihydrate, quicklime, carbodiimide derivatives, stearyl chloride and the like can be mentioned.
  • a small amount of a polymerization inhibitor such as metaquinone can also be used as a stabilizer.
  • a polymerization inhibitor such as metaquinone can also be used as a stabilizer.
  • plasticizer examples include dioctyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, diethylhexyl sebacate, isodecyl succinate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, pentaerythritol ester, butyl oleate, methyl acetylricinoleate, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, adipic acid
  • plasticizer examples include dioctyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, diethylhexyl sebacate, isodecyl succinate, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, pentaerythritol ester, butyl oleate, methyl acetylricinoleate, tricresyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, adipic acid
  • examples include propylene glycol polyester, butylene glycol adipate polyester, phenol, lauric acid, ste
  • softening agent examples include vinyl group-containing lactams such as N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylcaprolactam, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, lauryl vinyl ether, cetyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether and the like.
  • the pigment examples include inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, ultramarine, bengara, lithopone, lead, cadmium, iron, cobalt, aluminum, hydrochloride, sulfate, and organic pigments such as azo pigments and copper phthalocyanine pigments. Can be mentioned.
  • inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, ultramarine, bengara, lithopone, lead, cadmium, iron, cobalt, aluminum, hydrochloride, sulfate, and organic pigments such as azo pigments and copper phthalocyanine pigments. Can be mentioned.
  • antistatic agent examples include hydrophilic compounds such as quaternary ammonium salts, polyglycols, and ethylene oxide derivatives.
  • Examples of the flame retardant include chloroalkyl phosphate, dimethyl / methylphosphonate, bromine / phosphorus compound, ammonium polyphosphate, neopentyl bromide-polyether, and brominated polyether.
  • sensitizer examples include dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, triethylamine, diethylamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, ethanolamine, 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid, methyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, As isoamyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, commercially available products include Ubekryl P102, 103, 104, and 105 (manufactured by UCB).
  • dispersant examples include surfactants such as polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether and polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether.
  • the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the molecular complex, lowers the viscosity, and increases the compatibility.
  • Specific examples include polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone, dichloroethane, trichlorobenzene, and the like. Of chlorinated solvents.
  • the (meth) acrylate composition of the present invention can be cured by photopolymerization and thermal polymerization by irradiating light such as ultraviolet rays from an irradiation apparatus.
  • Irradiation light may be visible light or the like in addition to ultraviolet rays.
  • Various conventionally known irradiation devices can be used as the ultraviolet irradiation device.
  • the irradiation conditions of irradiation light, such as ultraviolet rays can also be set as appropriate according to the shape and the like.
  • the (meth) acrylate composition of the present invention can be used, for example, as an adhesive material such as an automobile member, an electric / electronic device, an aircraft member, a coating material, a sealing material, or a molding material.
  • an adhesive material such as an automobile member, an electric / electronic device, an aircraft member, a coating material, a sealing material, or a molding material.
  • the composition can be cured to a dark part, so that it can be optimally used for a part having a dark part or the like and difficult to heat.
  • Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 [Method of adjusting composition]
  • the components shown in Tables 1 to 3 were mixed and dissolved or dispersed using the stirrer in the compositions (parts by mass) shown in the respective tables to obtain the compositions shown in the tables.
  • Abbreviations in the table are as follows, and those not designated by the manufacturer are those of reagent grade manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
  • the value of (molecular weight / number of vinyl groups) of (meth) acrylate is shown.
  • the content of residual isocyanate groups was calculated from the absorption area of FT-IR, and the reaction was completed when it decreased to about 15% compared to before the reaction and disappeared, and a colorless transparent viscous liquid was obtained. Further, 9.84 g (84.8 mmol) of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 0.05 g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 0.02 g of pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] were charged. The liquid temperature was raised from room temperature to 50 ° C. over 1 hour with stirring.
  • UP-1 is a urethane acrylate having a number average molecular weight of about 3200 and acrylates at both ends.
  • Non-irradiation part curability Each composition was put in a glass tube having an inner diameter of 5 mm and a height of 50 mm so that the liquid surface had a height of 20 mm, and the upper half (10 mm) of the contents was wrapped with aluminum foil to create a light-shielding portion. Thereafter, UV irradiation was performed from the side surface with a UV lamp (100 mW / cm 2 manufactured by SEN Special Light Company) for 50 seconds.
  • a UV lamp 100 mW / cm 2 manufactured by SEN Special Light Company

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Abstract

光が届かない非照射部をも硬化させる事が可能である（メタ）アクリレート組成物を提供する。 分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の化合物を含有し、光重合反応時に発生する反応熱を介して熱重合反応を開始させるようにして（メタ）アクリレート組成物を構成した。

Description

（メタ）アクリレート組成物
　本発明は、自動車部材、電気・電子機器、航空機部材等の、接着材料、コーティング材料、封止材料、モールド成型材料等に用いられる、（メタ）アクリレート組成物に関するものである。
　従来、（メタ）アクリレート組成物として、連鎖移動剤、複数のエチレン性不飽和基を有するウレタン（メタ）アクリレート、（メタ）アクリレートモノマー、熱重合開始剤、および光重合開始剤を含む組成物が公知である（特許文献１参照）。
　上記組成物は、熱エネルギーに暴露するか、又は化学線（紫外線等）及び熱エネルギーの両方に暴露することで硬化させることが可能である。
特表２０１１－５０８８１４号公報
　前記硬化反応はラジカルを介して行われるが、ラジカルは活性が高い反面、寿命が短いため、瞬時に失活してしまい、一定のラジカルで連鎖反応が起き得るにも関らず、ラジカルが発生した極近傍でしか硬化反応は起こらない。そのため、光照射が不十分な影になる箇所があるとその周辺は硬化不足となり、硬化材料としての機能を果たすことができない。よって、熱エネルギーに暴露するか、又は化学線の両方に暴露する必要があり、光硬化だけでは光の届き難い箇所を含む形態を均一に硬化させることが困難である。そのため、光硬化のみで光の届き難い箇所を含む形態を均一に硬化させる硬化原理を導入する必要がある。
　本発明の課題は、上記従来技術の欠点を解消しようとするものであり、光が届かない非照射部をも硬化させる事が可能である（メタ）アクリレート組成物を提供することにある。
　本発明の（メタ）アクリレート組成物は、分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の化合物を含有し、光重合反応時に発生する反応熱を介して熱重合反応を開始させることを要旨とするものである。
　前記（メタ）アクリレート組成物において、前記光重合反応によって光の当たらない場所の熱重合反応を開始させることで、組成物の暗部まで硬化させることができる。
　前記（メタ）アクリレート組成物において、分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００超の化合物を含有し、前記分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の化合物が、ビニル基を持つ化合物全体の３０質量％以上含有していることが好ましい。
　前記（メタ）アクリレート組成物において、更に光重合開始剤を、組成物全体の０．１～２０質量％含有していることが好ましい。
　（メタ）アクリレートはある一定以上の温度において自己重合反応を起こす性質があり、その温度は１３０～１５０℃である。一方光重合反応は発熱反応であり、一定体積、一定時間内での反応点が多い程、その発熱も大きくなる。分子が占める体積はほぼその分子量に依存し、反応点は重合反応点となるビニル基となるため、一定分子量内にビニル結合が多く存在するほど、反応熱は高くなり、その温度が（メタ）アクリレートの自己重合開始温度を超えることができれば、光が行き届かない部分も自己重合により硬化させることができる。
　本発明（メタ）アクリレート組成物は、反応熱を生じ得るビニル基の密度が所定の数となるように、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の（メタ）アクリレートを含有することにより、光が行き届かない部分の（メタ）アクリレートも熱重合させることが可能である。
　以下、本発明の実施例について詳細に説明する。本発明の（メタ）アクリレート組成物において、（メタ）アクリレート成分の（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値は、（メタ）アクリレートの構造式から求められる理論的な分子量をビニル基の数で除した値である。
　（メタ）アクリレート成分の（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が、３００を超えると、反応熱を生じ得るビニル基の密度が低下して、反応熱が不十分となって、光の届かない部分を重合させることができない。（メタ）アクリレートの成分の（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下であると、発熱を自己重合反応開始温度以上にする事が可能である。組成物中には、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００超のビニル基を有する化合物〔（メタ）アクリレート成分〕を含有していてもよい。
　更に組成物全体に対する（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下である（メタ）アクリレート成分の添加量を一定以上に高めてやることで、自己重合反応開始に十分な発熱量が得られ、光の届き難い箇所をも硬化させることができた。すなわち（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の（メタ）アクリレート成分は、十分な反応熱を出して、光の届かない部分を重合させるために、少なくともビニル基を持つ化合物全体の３０質量％以上含有していることが好ましい。また（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００超の（メタ）アクリレート成分の含有量は、ビニル基を持つ化合物全体の７０質量％未満であるのが好ましい。
　（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の（メタ）アクリレート成分のビニル基を持つ化合物全体に対する含有量の上限は、組成物中の１００質量％である。
　（メタ）アクリレート成分は、分子中に１つ以上の（メタ）アクリレート基を有する化合物であれば特に制限されることなく、従来から公知の（メタ）アクリレートモノマー、（メタ）アクリレートオリゴマー、（メタ）アクリレートポリマー等を用いることができる。本発明において「（メタ）アクリレート」とは、アクリレート及びメタクリレートの意味である。
　上記（メタ）アクリレートは、具体例として、イソボルニル（メタ）アクリレート、ボルニル（メタ）アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル（メタ）アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル（メタ）アクリレート、ジシクロペンテニル（メタ）アクリレート、シクロヘキシル（メタ）アクリレート、（メタ）アクリル酸、ベンジル（メタ）アクリレート、４－ブチルシクロヘキシル（メタ）アクリレート、（メタ）アクリロイルモルホリン、２－ヒドロキシエチル（メタ）アクリレート、２－ヒドロキシプロピル（メタ）アクリレート、４－ヒドロキシブチル（メタ）アクリレート、メチル（メタ）アクリレート、エチル（メタ）アクリレート、プロピル（メタ）アクリレート、イソプロピル（メタ）アクリレート、オクチル（メタ）アクリレート、イソオクチル（メタ）アクリレート、ノニル（メタ）アクリレート、デシル（メタ）アクリレート、イソデシル（メタ）アクリレート、ウンデシル（メタ）アクリレート、ドデシル（メタ）アクリレート、ラウリル（メタ）アクリレート、ステアリル（メタ）アクリレート、イソステアリル（メタ）アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル（メタ）アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノ（メタ）アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールモノ（メタ）アクリレート、メトキシエチレングリコール（メタ）アクリレート、エトキシエチル（メタ）アクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール（メタ）アクリレート、メトキシポリプロピレングリコール（メタ）アクリレート、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテルアクリレート、ジアセトン（メタ）アクリルアミド、イソブトキシメチル（メタ）アクリルアミド、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチル（メタ）アクリルアミド、ｔ－オクチル（メタ）アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノエチル（メタ）アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチル（メタ）アクリレート、７－アミノ－３，７－ジメチルオクチル（メタ）アクリレート、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジエチル（メタ）アクリルアミド、Ｎ，Ｎ－ジメチルアミノプロピル（メタ）アクリルアミド、等のモノ（メタ）アクリレート、ブタンジオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ヘキサンジオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ノナンジオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、デカンジオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、２－ブチル－２－エチル－１，３－プロパンジオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、２－ヒドロキシ－３－アクリロイロキシプロピルメタクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、テトラエチレンングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメチロールジ（メタ）アクリレート、１，４－ブタンポリオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、１，６－ヘキサンポリオールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ（メタ）アクリレート、９，９－ビス［４－（２－アクリロイルオキシエトキシ）フェニル］フルオレン、ポリエステルジ（メタ）アクリレート、トリス（２－ヒドキシエチル）イソシアヌレートトリ（メタ）アクリレート、トリス（２－ヒドロキシエチル）イソシアヌレートジ（メタ）アクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメチロールジ（メタ）アクリレート、ビスフェノールＡのＥＯ付加物ジ（メタ）アクリレート、水添ビスフェノールＡのＥＯ付加物又はＰＯ付加物のポリオールのジ（メタ）アクリレート、ビスフェノールＡのジグリシジルエーテルに（メタ）アクリレートを付加させたエポキシ（メタ）アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジビニルエーテル、トリメチロールプロパントリ（メタ）アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ（メタ）アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンＥＯ付加物トリ（メタ）アクリレート、トリスアクリロイルオキシエチルフォスフェート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ（メタ）アクリレート、テトラフルフリルアルコールオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、エチルカルビトールオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、１，４－ブタンジオールオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、１，６－ヘキサンジオールオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールオリゴ（メタ）アクリレート、（ポリ）ウレタン（メタ）アクリレート、（ポリ）ブタジエン（メタ）アクリレート等のポリ（メタ）アクリレート等を挙げることができる。これらは、１種単独で用いてもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。
　（メタ）アクリレート組成物は、光重合開始剤（光開始剤ということもある）を含有してもよい。光開始剤は、光重合を開始させるものであれば用いることができる。光開始剤は具体的には、１－ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、２，２－ジメトキシ－２－フェニルアセトフェノン、キサントン、フルオレノン、ベンズアルデヒド、フルオレン、アントラキノン、エチルアントラキノン、トリフェニルアミン、カルバゾール、３－メチルアセトフェノン、４－クロロベンゾフェノン、４，４'－ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、４，４'－ジアミノベンゾフェノン、ミヒラーケトン、ベンゾインプロピルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンジルジメチルケタール、１－（４－イソプロピルフェニル）－２－ヒドロキシ－２－メチルプロパン－１－オン、２－ヒドロキシ－２－メチル－１－フェニルプロパン－１－オン、チオキサントン、ジエチルチオキサントン、２－イソプロピルチオキサントン、２－クロロチオキサントン、２－メチル－１－〔４－（メチルチオ）フェニル〕－２－モルホリノ－プロパン－１－オン、２，４，６－トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、ビス－（２，６－ジメトキシベンゾイル）－２，４，４－トリメチルペンチルフォスフィンオキサイド等が挙げられる。これらは、１種単独で用いてもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。
　光開始剤は、市販品として、例えば、ＩＲＧＡＣＵＲＥ１８４、３６９、６５１、５００、９０７、ＣＧＩ１７００、ＣＧＩ１７５０、ＣＧＩ１８５０、ＣＧ２４－６１；Ｄａｒｏｃｕｒｅ１１１６、１１７３，ＬｕｃｉｒｉｎＴＰＯ（以上、ＢＡＳＦ社の商品名）、ユベクリルＰ３６（ＵＣＢ社の商品名）等を用いることができる。
　光開始剤の含有量は、組成物全体の０．１～２０質量％の範囲内であるのが好ましい。
　本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じてその他各種の添加剤を含有することができる。前記添加剤としては、例えば、安定化剤、可塑剤、軟化剤、顔料、染料、耐電防止剤、難燃剤、増感剤、分散剤、溶剤、抗菌抗カビ剤等が挙げられる。
　前記安定化剤としては、老化防止剤、酸化防止剤、脱水剤等が挙げられる。例えばヒンダードフェノール系化合物、ヒンダードアミン系化合物（老化防止剤）、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン、ブチルヒドロキシトルエン、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール、トリフェニルフォスフェート等（酸化防止剤）、無水マレイン酸、無水フタル酸、ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二水物、生石灰、カルボジイミド誘導体、ステアリルクロライド等の酸クロライド（脱水剤）が挙げられる。また少量のメタキノン等の重合禁止剤等も安定化剤として使用することができる。但し、前記安定化剤は、ほとんどのものがフリーラジカルを介した反応に負の影響を与えるので、極微量の添加が好ましい。
　前記可塑剤としては、アジピン酸ジオクチル、セバシン酸ジブチル、セバシン酸ジエチルヘキシル、コハク酸イソデシル、ジエチレングリコールジベンゾエート、ペンタエリスリトールエステル、オレイン酸ブチル、アセチルリシノール酸メチル、リン酸トリクレジル、リン酸トリオクチル、アジピン酸プロピレングリコールポリエステル、アジピン酸ブチレングリコールポリエステル、フェノール、ラウリル酸、ステアリン酸、ドコサン酸、パラフィン系オイル、ナフテン系オイル、アロマ系オイル等が挙げられる。
　前記軟化剤としては、例えば、Ｎ－ビニルピロリドン、Ｎ－ビニルカプロラクタム等のビニル基含有ラクタム、ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル、ラウリルビニルエーテル、セチルビニルエーテル、２－エチルヘキシルビニルエーテル等が挙げられる。
　前記顔料としては、例えば、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、群青、ベンガラ、リトポン、鉛、カドミウム、鉄、コバルト、アルミニウム、塩酸塩、硫酸塩等の無機顔料、アゾ顔料、銅フタロシアニン顔料等の有機顔料が挙げられる。
　前記帯電防止剤としては、例えば、第四級アンモニウム塩、ポリグリコール、エチレンオキサイド誘導体等の親水性化合物が挙げられる。
　前記難燃剤としては、例えば、クロロアルキルホスフェート、ジメチル・メチルホスホネート、臭素・リン化合物、アンモニウムポリホスフェート、ネオペンチルブロマイド－ポリエーテル、臭素化ポリエーテルが挙げられる。
　前記増感剤としては、ジメチルホルムアミド、Ｎ－メチルピロリドン、トリエチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、Ｎ－メチルジエタノールアミン、エタノールアミン、４－ジメチルアミノ安息香酸、４－ジメチルアミノ安息香酸メチル、４－ジメチルアミノ安息香酸エチル、４－ジメチルアミノ安息香酸イソアミル、市販品としてユベクリルＰ１０２、１０３、１０４、１０５（以上、ＵＣＢ社製）等が挙げられる。
　前記分散剤としては、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールオクチルフェニルエーテル等の界面活性剤が挙げられる。
　前記溶剤としては、分子複合体を溶解させ、粘度を下げるもの、相溶性を高めるものであれば良く、具体的にはテトラヒドロフラン、ジメチルホルムアミド、酢酸エチル、メチルエチルケトンなどの極性溶剤、ジクロロエタン、トリクロロベンゼンなどの塩素系溶剤が挙げられる。
　本発明の（メタ）アクリレート組成物は照射装置から紫外線等の光を照射して組成物全体を光重合と熱重合により硬化させることができる。照射光は、紫外線以外に可視光等であってもよい。紫外線照射装置は、従来公知の各種照射装置を用いることができる。また紫外線等の照射光の照射条件も、形状等に応じて、適宜設定することができる。
　本発明の(メタ）アクリレート組成物は、例えば、自動車部材、電気・電子機器、航空機部材等の接着材料、コーティング材料、封止材料、モールド成型材料等に用いることができる。特に光重合反応によって光の当たらない場所の熱重合反応を開始させることで、組成物の暗部まで硬化させることができるので、暗部等を有し、加熱が困難な部位等に最適に利用できる。
　以下、本発明の実施例、比較例を示す。尚、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例１～１５、比較例１～４
〔組成物の調整法〕
　表１～３に示す各成分を、それぞれの表に示す組成（質量部）で、攪拌機を用いて混合し溶解又は分散させ、表に示される組成物を得た。表中の略称は以下の通りで、特にメーカー表示していないものは東京化成社製の試薬グレードのものを用いた。尚、表中に（メタ）アクリレートの（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値を示した。
＜（メタ）アクリレート＞
・ＩＢＡ：イソボルニルアクリレート
・ＩＢＭＡ：イソボルニルメタクリレート
・ＨＥＡ：ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート
・ＨＰＡ：ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート
・ＴＨＦＡ：テトラフルフリルアクリレート
・ＥＥＥＡ：２－（２－エトキシエトキシ）エチルアクリレート
・ＥＨＡ：エチルヘキシルアクリレート
・ＤＰＧＡ：ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート
・ＴＥＧＡ：テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート
・ＴＭＰＴＡ：トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート
・ＴＭＰＥＯＡ：トリメチロールプロパンＥＯ付加トリアクリレート（大阪有機化学工業社製）
・ＡＰＧ４００：ポリプロピレングリコール（＃４００）ジアクリレート（新中村化学社製）
・ＳＴＡ：ステアリルアクリレート
・ＢＰＡＤＡ：ビスフェノールAエトキシジアクリレート（シグマアルドリッチ社製）
・ＡＰＧ７００：ポリプロピレングリコール（＃７００）ジアクリレート（新中村化学社製）
・ＵＰ－１：合成品（合成例を後述）
＜光開始剤＞
・ＨＣＨＰＫ：１－ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン
〔合成例１：ＵＰ－１の合成〕
　攪拌機を備えた反応容器に、数平均分子量が４００のポリプロピレングリコール８０ｇ（２００ｍｍｏｌ）、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート４０ｇ（２３８ｍｍｏｌ）とジブチルスズジラウレート０．０５ｇを仕込み、攪拌しながら液温度を室温から５０℃まで１時間かけて上げた。その後少量をサンプリングしＦＴ－ＩＲを測定して２３００ｃｍ－１付近のイソシアネート基の吸収を確認しながら、５０℃にて攪拌を続けた。ＦＴ－ＩＲの吸収面積から残留イソシアネート基の含有量を計算し、反応前と比較して約１５％まで減少して変化が無くなった時を反応終了とし、無色透明粘調性液体を得た。更に２－ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート９．８４ｇ（８４．８ｍｍｏｌ）、ジブチルスズジラウレート０．０５ｇ、ペンタエリトリトールテトラキス[３－(３，５－ジ－ｔｅｒｔ－ブチル－４－ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオナート]０．０２ｇを仕込み、攪拌しながら液温度を室温から５０℃まで１時間かけて上げた。その後少量をサンプリングしＦＴ－ＩＲを測定して２３００ｃｍ－１付近のイソシアネート基の吸収を確認しながら、５０℃にて攪拌を続けた。ＦＴ－ＩＲの吸収面積から残留イソシアネート基の含有量見積り、その吸収が消失した時を反応終了とし、無色透明粘調性液体を得た。これをＵＰ－１とする。ＵＰ－１は数平均分子量約３２００、両末端がアクリレートのウレタンアクリレートである。
〔非照射部硬化性〕
　各組成物を、内径５ｍｍ高さ５０ｍｍのガラス管に液面の高さが２０ｍｍになるように入れ、内容物の上部半分（１０ｍｍ）をアルミ箔で包み、遮光部分を作成した。その後、側面からＵＶランプ（ＳＥＮ特殊光源社製１００ｍＷ／ｃｍ２）で５０秒間紫外線照射を行った。その後、室温まで戻すため２０分間室温で放置した後、上部から１．５ｍｍ径のガラス棒を挿入し指触にて判断できる硬化部の確認を行うことによって、紫外線照射面と遮光面の境界から上部（非照射部）に進んだ硬化部の距離を計測した。計測結果を表１～３に示す。
〔非照射部の温度測定〕
　各組成物を、内径５ｍｍ高さ５０ｍｍのガラス管に液面の高さが２０ｍｍになるように入れ、内容物の上部半分（１０ｍｍ）をアルミ箔で包み、遮光部分を作成した。その後、側面からＵＶランプ（ＳＥＮ特殊光源社製１００ｍＷ／ｃｍ２）で５０秒間紫外線照射を行った。その際、遮光部分の温度を非接触型温度計を用いて測定した。測定結果を表１～表３に示す。
〔非照射部硬化性評価〕
　比較例１～４では、使用している（メタ）アクリレートの（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００超のため、十分な重合熱が発生しておらず、遮光部分の温度は１２０℃以下であり、非照射部硬化がほとんど進んでいないことが分かる。これに対し、実施例１～１５は非照射部の温度が１５０℃以上であり、光照射のみで非照射部でも硬化されることが確認された。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000003
　以上、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の改変が可能である。

Claims (4)

  1. 　分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の化合物を含有し、光重合反応時に発生する反応熱を介して熱重合反応を開始させることを特徴とする（メタ）アクリレート組成物。
  2. 　前記光重合反応によって光の当たらない場所の熱重合反応を開始させることで、組成物の暗部まで硬化させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の（メタ）アクリレート組成物。
  3. 　分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００超の化合物を含有し、前記分子中にビニル基を持ち、且つ、（分子量／ビニル基の数）の値が３００以下の化合物が、ビニル基を持つ化合物全体の３０質量％以上含有していることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の（メタ）アクリレート組成物。
  4. 　更に光重合開始剤を、組成物全体の０．１～２０質量％含有していることを特徴とする請求項１～３のいずれか1項に記載の（メタ）アクリレート組成物。
     
PCT/JP2013/071647 2012-10-02 2013-08-09 （メタ）アクリレート組成物 Ceased WO2014054343A1 (ja)

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