WO2014132121A1 - Four à micro-ondes et procédé permettant de commander automatiquement le chauffage et/ou la cuisson d'aliments dans le four à micro-ondes - Google Patents

Four à micro-ondes et procédé permettant de commander automatiquement le chauffage et/ou la cuisson d'aliments dans le four à micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014132121A1
WO2014132121A1 PCT/IB2014/000224 IB2014000224W WO2014132121A1 WO 2014132121 A1 WO2014132121 A1 WO 2014132121A1 IB 2014000224 W IB2014000224 W IB 2014000224W WO 2014132121 A1 WO2014132121 A1 WO 2014132121A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
food
microwave oven
temperature
cooking
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2014/000224
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2014132121A9 (fr
Inventor
Xavier Costa Barriga
Josep TATCHE LLONCH
Pere Castells Esqué
Xavier Costa Llonch
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Lekue SL
Original Assignee
Lekue SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lekue SL filed Critical Lekue SL
Publication of WO2014132121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014132121A1/fr
Publication of WO2014132121A9 publication Critical patent/WO2014132121A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6447—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors
    • H05B6/645—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors using temperature sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6447—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors
    • H05B6/645—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors using temperature sensors
    • H05B6/6455—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors using temperature sensors the sensors being infrared detectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/66—Circuits
    • H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
    • H05B6/687—Circuits for monitoring or control for cooking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/66—Circuits
    • H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
    • H05B6/688—Circuits for monitoring or control for thawing

Definitions

  • Microwave oven and method for automatically controlling the heating and/or cooking of foods in said microwave oven are described.
  • the present invention generally relates to a microwave oven and to a method in which the temperature of a food to be heated and/or cooked is monitored and controlled, and more particularly, in a first aspect, it relates to a microwave oven which allows automatically setting the time in which a magnetron of the microwave oven is injecting electromagnetic power until reaching a desired food temperature, as a result of a precise measurement of the food temperature depending on readings taken by different temperature sensors strategically arranged in the heating and/or cooking cavity of the microwave oven.
  • the invention relates to a method implemented for automatically setting said operation time until the food reaches a specific temperature based on the food temperature measurements of said temperature sensors, enabling a simplified operation of the microwave oven in several specific operating modes, particularly: for heating to a specific temperature, for keeping food at a given temperature for a specific time period, for cooking at a low or medium temperature, for boiling for a predetermined time, etc., and also a simpler handling thereof by the user.
  • US-A- 5693247 discloses a microwave oven including a precise mechanism for cooking a food based on detecting the temperature of the food arranged on a rotary support and which temperature is monitored by means of at least two temperature sensors separated a different distance in relation to the area that will be occupied by the food.
  • the temperature detection is performed by compensating the distance existing between the food and said sensors by means of using the answer of a second degree equation.
  • US-A- 2003047559 discloses a high frequency heating apparatus wherein capable of simultaneously heating different kinds of objects to appropriate temperatures.
  • the temperature detection means of US-A- 2003047559 is of a multiple type comprising a combination of temperature detection means A and B 226a, 226b, each of them working both during the mounting table rotation heating and during the concentrated heating.
  • JP-A- 2004 044846 comprises a heating chamber 1 for storing a heated material A, a magnetron 6 for generating high frequency wave for heating the heated material A, two infrared sensors 13, 13a, both located in one side wall of the heating chamber for measuring surface temperature of the heated material A, in a non-contact state, a control part 11 for controlling the driving of the magnetron 6 based on a result detected by the infrared sensor 14, and a back cover 12 for covering a back part of the heating chamber 1 and disposed via a predetermined clearance for thermal insulation.
  • a rotatable support 17 receives the food to be heated.
  • microwave ovens there is a general interest in the field of microwave ovens to enable automatically controlling oven operation for a desired cooking and/or heating of different classes of foods (various foods and/or drinks) in said microwave oven, monitoring and controlling the temperature of the foods in a very efficient manner while they are being cooked and/or heated inside said microwave oven.
  • the invention provides a microwave oven with an automatic control for controlling the temperature of a food to be heated and/or cooked, which conventionally comprises: a magnetron or electromagnetic energy generator for heating and/or cooking the food; a chamber for receiving the food to be heated and/or cooked therein; at least two thermal energy sensors arranged at different distances from the food in said chamber for measuring the temperature of said food; and a control unit for managing the values acquired by said at least two thermal energy sensors and regulating the microwave oven operation when heating or cooking the food.
  • said at least two thermal energy sensors are arranged oriented with different angles for detecting the temperature of the lower and upper portions of the food; the food is arranged on a fixed supporting surface; the chamber of the oven has means for distributing the electromagnetic waves generated by said magnetron, and said magnetron is controlled by means of a control algorithm housed in said control unit which operates by taking a plurality of readings of said thermal energy sensors, measuring temperature values of the food in the two lower and upper portions a plurality of times, simultaneously with a predetermined electromagnetic energy supply state, said algorithm automatically regulating the electromagnetic energy supply depending on said temperature values measured by said at least two thermal energy sensors, the temperature and energy supply measurement ranges being variable during the time of heating and/or cooking the food in the microwave oven and depend on an objective temperature at which said food is to be heated and/or cooked.
  • said predetermined energy supply state is zero or a value below a prefixed threshold suitable for preventing possible interferences which may be produced due to the electromagnetic waves or microwaves generated in said chamber with said thermal energy sensors.
  • the time variable electromagnetic energy supply can be carried out by means of generating micro-outages in said supplied electromagnetic energy, either at regular or non-regular intervals, the readings of the sensors being taken during said micro-outages, or alternatively, by means of an Inverter ® power control system, which will allow reducing the supplied electromagnetic energy level below the prefixed threshold in one or several moments of cooking and/or heating, and in general varying the energy capacity supplied.
  • the thermal energy sensors are thermopile infrared sensors arranged such that they allow taking reliable and constant readings of the temperature of the food inside the microwave oven, and can thus interact with the magnetron power.
  • these sensors are arranged in a side wall, positioned slightly above the food supporting plane, and in an upper wall of the chamber, inside or outside the chamber, and oriented such that they are pointing towards a central point of the supporting surface; readings of the most significant points of the food are thus allowed.
  • the proposed microwave oven further includes an extractor provided for extracting from the chamber water vapor or other possible gases which can be produced when cooking and/or heating said food.
  • said extractor will be provided with an extraction mouth spaced away from said at least two thermal energy sensors.
  • the means used for distributing the electromagnetic waves also include a rotary reflector positioned below said food supporting plane.
  • the microwave oven can also include a home automation module which allows monitoring and/or controlling the objective temperature from a user mobile computing device, for example, with a smartphone, a PDA, a tablet or a computer, etc., and it can further include a safety timer module to prevent overcooking and/or overheating said food.
  • a home automation module which allows monitoring and/or controlling the objective temperature from a user mobile computing device, for example, with a smartphone, a PDA, a tablet or a computer, etc.
  • a safety timer module to prevent overcooking and/or overheating said food.
  • the microwave oven can include one or several dedicated push buttons for accessing specific cooking and/or heating programs with electromagnetic energy supply control for at least the following processes: heating up to a prefixed temperature; keeping the temperature for cooking and/or heating the food at a prefixed temperature; cooking at a temperature kept below a prefixed threshold; or boiling a food for a prefixed time.
  • the invention provides a method for automatically controlling the temperature of a food to be cooked and/or heated in a microwave oven, which conventionally generates electromagnetic energy by means of a magnetron for heating and/or cooking a food placed inside a chamber within a microwave oven, wherein the electromagnetic waves generated by said magnetron are distributed, and wherein at least two thermal energy sensors are arranged in two different areas in said chamber for measuring the temperature of said food.
  • the proposed method comprises arranging the food on a fixed supporting surface inside said chamber and orienting said at least two thermal energy sensors for detecting the temperature of the lower and upper portions of the food which, as has been indicated above, is fixed. Furthermore, the provided method controls the electromagnetic energy supply by controlling said magnetron by means of an algorithm which operates by taking a plurality of readings of said thermal energy sensors, measuring temperature values of the food in said two lower and upper portions a plurality of times, simultaneously with a predetermined electromagnetic energy supply state preventing interferences with said thermal energy sensors, said algorithm automatically regulating the electromagnetic energy supply depending on said temperature values measured by said at least two thermal energy sensors in relation to an objective temperature of said cooking and/or heating and, the temperature and energy supply measurement time intervals being the same or variable during the time of heating and/or cooking the food in the microwave oven depending on said objective temperature at which said food is to be heated and/or cooked, such that amounts of electromagnetic energy adapted to the energy necessary for achieving said objective temperature are supplied in the same or different batches.
  • the time variable electromagnetic energy supply can be carried out either by means of generating micro-outages determining there between said batches of energy supply or in contrast, by means of an Inverter ® power control system determining a reduction in the supplied electromagnetic energy below a prefixed level, said batches of energy supply being defined between two consecutive, reduced energy levels.
  • micro-outages the operating cycles of the magnetron transformer are performed at a very high frequency to optimize cooking the foods in a uniform manner.
  • These micro-outages will preferably be closer to one another in time the closer the food gets to the objective temperature to be achieved.
  • the present invention will allow, due to the implementation of the mentioned control algorithm, providing a significant overall temperature value of the food which can then be shown to the user, for example, by means of a display.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of the microwave oven proposed according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Figures 2A, 2B and 2C are the illustrations of the evolution undergone by the electromagnetic energy generated by the magnetron controlled according to the method of this invention depending on the micro-outages or on the Inverter ® power according to several embodiments.
  • said figure shows a microwave oven which comprises a food supporting surface formed, as is already known in the field, by a ceramic plate 1 which is porous to electromagnetic radiations or microwaves, a centrally arranged electromagnetic wave distribution system 5 (in the illustrated example, the system is made up of a rotor or turbine) to which the electromagnetic waves are driven by a waveguide guiding the waves generated by the magnetron (not illustrated, however, the magnetron is of a conventional type, i.e., an electromagnetic wave or microwave generator common in this field of the art and has a power suitable for the required performance) said rotor or turbine being located below the food, distributing the waves homogenously throughout the cavity 4 without the need of using the rotary plate, successfully distributing the generated electromagnetic waves or microwaves uniformly throughout the cavity 4 of the microwave oven and all through the food, temperature sensors 2a and 2b and a vapor extractor 3.
  • the supporting surface of the food is formed by the actual porous ceramic plate 1, i.e., the food remains fixed during cooking and/or heating.
  • the temperature sensors 2a and 2b provided are preferably thermopile type infrared sensors. These electronic devices convert thermal energy into electric energy by means of small thermocouples connected in series, being able to take readings of the surface temperature of the food to be heated and/or cooked without needing to be in contact. These sensors generate an output voltage of between 0 and 5V, and allow taking readings of between -20°C and 1202C.
  • said thermal energy sensors are always pointing strategically towards the same point of an area provided for locating the food or vessel, so one 2a will preferably be arranged in one of the side walls of the chamber 4 of the microwave oven, such that it is capable of measuring the temperature of the food in the lower plane slightly above the supporting area 1, and another sensor 2b will be arranged in one of the upper walls of the same chamber 4 for measuring the temperature in the upper plane of the food.
  • said sensors 2a and 2b could be centrally located in one and the same side wall at different heights, their different angular orientation and their positioning towards the area intended for receiving the food which, as has been indicated, is fixed, during the cooking and/or heating operation being important, thereby assuring uniformity when taking temperatures.
  • the vapor extractor 3 is arranged at a distance from the sensors 2a and 2b such that when the food is being heated, the possible water vapors or other gases that may be generated are quickly extracted from the chamber 4 of the oven such that they do not influence the measurement detected by the sensors 2a and 2b.
  • this vapor extractor 3 has an extraction mouth situated in the upper portion of the microwave oven, as can be observed in Figure 1.
  • the mentioned extractor could also be located in the opposite wall of the chamber 4 where the sensors 2a and 2b are arranged to assure an immediate separation of the vapor or moisture generated in relation to the area occupied by the sensors 2a and 2b, which sensors can thus take a "clean" reading of the surface temperature of the food on which these sensors are focused.
  • the control of the thermal energy sensors 2a and 2b and of the power supply of the magnetron will be performed by means of a microcontroller or a microprocessor.
  • a Microchip ® PIC such as Microchip ® PIC24FJ64GA006 could be used.
  • This microcontroller will have the desired time and temperature as inputs, in addition to door open sensors/detectors and the mentioned thermopile sensors 2a and 2b. As outputs, it will have the control for lighting the chamber of the oven, the rotor or turbine 5 of the microwave oven and a transformer powering the magnetron.
  • the invention allows determining the type of heating to be performed: quick, slow, progressive, increasing exponentially, decreasing exponentially, etc.
  • the behavior of the magnetron once reaching desired food temperature can also be determined. This control will be performed with a configurable PID.
  • control algorithm has been designed for gradually performing, for example, micro-outages in the electromagnetic energy generated by the magnetron depending on the actual temperature of the food at the time of taking the measurement and the objective temperature.
  • these micro-outages will generally be of a shorter duration closer to one another in time as the temperature of the food measured by means of the two thermal energy sensors 2a and 2b becomes closer to the objective temperature and will generally comprise, in a first sequence, outages of a very different duration.
  • the electromagnetic energy supply is controlled by means of generating micro-outages separating fragments of common maximum electromagnetic power (sectors of the same height) and the thermopile sensors 2a and 2b take the different temperature readings when the magnetron is not emitting electromagnetic power.
  • electromagnetic waves will be injected at maximum power for a specific time (the invention proposes up to three possible different time durations), the closer the read temperature is to the objective temperature or temp_set, the shorter these time periods will be.
  • the technology used for controlling the electromagnetic energy supply is an Inverter ® technology but micro-outages are also performed to enable taking the reading of the thermopiles 2A and 2B and the duration of the micro- outages and the time which the magnetron is emitting electromagnetic power are fixed.
  • the electromagnetic energy supplied to the food varies depending on the power level provided by the Inverter ® technology, such that the closer the read temperature is to the objective temperature, the lower the power emitted by the magnetron is.
  • a section in which energy is not injected until the detected temperature drops has been included in the area close to the objective temperature which has been surpassed and the energy supply to said objective temperature is thus completed.
  • the technology used for controlling the electromagnetic energy supply is Inverter ® technology without the need of performing micro- outages to take the reading of the thermopiles 2A and 2B.
  • Inverter ® technology without the need of performing micro- outages to take the reading of the thermopiles 2A and 2B.
  • the electromagnetic power supplied to the food is less than the reading frequency, it is possible to take a series of readings continuously with the subsequent regulation of the supplied electromagnetic power using the same strategy proposed by the method of the invention.
  • the power emitted by the magnetron will be distributed in the on/off cycles. These cycles will be controlled by the PIC that will send the information corresponding to the high voltage transformer powering the magnetron.
  • this proposed microwave oven has a capacity of 20 liters, a microwave power of 800W and a ceramic surface which is transparent to the electromagnetic waves emitted. It further generates maximum power pulses with a variable duration depending on the percentage of power which has been selected and which is to be applied to the food. In an alternative embodiment, it also has a new timer for controlling the cooking time and the objective temperature at which the food is to be cooked and/or heated.
  • the microwave oven has knobs or push buttons 7 located in the front panel 6 of the microwave oven allowing direct access to the intelligent cooking processes or programs. For example, directly heating the food at a prefixed temperature; keeping a food at a given temperature (input temperature or a desired preservation temperature); cooking at a low or medium temperature (e.g., cooking eggs or fish or in contrast, cooking a stew); boiling the food for a prefixed time (e.g., for infusions, pastas, etc.)
  • the microwave oven can also have a home automation module to monitor and/or control the objective temperature from a user mobile computing device and/or also a safety timer module to prevent overcooking or overheating said food.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

Le four à micro-ondes comprend un magnétron pour chauffer et/ou cuire les aliments; une chambre (4) qui permet de disposer les aliments à chauffer et/ou cuire à l'intérieur de celle-ci de manière fixe et qui comporte des moyens (5) permettant la distribution des ondes électromagnétiques à l'intérieur; au moins deux capteurs d'énergie thermique (2a et 2b) disposés à des distances différentes et à des angles différents par rapport aux aliments pour détecter la température des aliments; une unité de commande permettant de traiter les valeurs acquises par lesdits au moins deux capteurs d'énergie thermique (2a et 2b) et de régler le fonctionnement du four à micro-ondes lors du chauffage ou de la cuisson des aliments, ledit magnétron étant commandé au moyen d'un algorithme de commande sur la base des valeurs mesurées par les capteurs d'énergie thermique (2a et 2b).
PCT/IB2014/000224 2013-03-01 2014-02-28 Four à micro-ondes et procédé permettant de commander automatiquement le chauffage et/ou la cuisson d'aliments dans le four à micro-ondes Ceased WO2014132121A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13380005.2A EP2773163A1 (fr) 2013-03-01 2013-03-01 Four à micro-ondes et méthode de contrôle automatique du chauffage et/ou la cuisson d'aliments dans ce four à micro-ondes.
EP13380005.2 2013-03-01

Publications (2)

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WO2014132121A1 true WO2014132121A1 (fr) 2014-09-04
WO2014132121A9 WO2014132121A9 (fr) 2015-04-23

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WO (1) WO2014132121A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111279792A (zh) * 2017-09-18 2020-06-12 国际制造技术咨询有限两合公司 监控系统以及食物制备系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10009957B2 (en) 2016-03-30 2018-06-26 The Markov Corporation Electronic oven with infrared evaluative control
US10004115B2 (en) 2016-06-13 2018-06-19 The Markov Corporation Electronic oven with reflective energy steering
CN109362138B (zh) * 2018-10-08 2024-07-02 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 一种微波炉及微波炉的控制方法
GB2607045A (en) * 2021-05-26 2022-11-30 Lincat Ltd Oven
US20240237165A9 (en) * 2021-05-26 2024-07-11 Lincat Ltd. Oven

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US5445009A (en) 1992-11-27 1995-08-29 Goldstar Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for detecting humidity in a microwave oven
EP0697802A2 (fr) 1994-08-16 1996-02-21 Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd Méthode de détection d'humidité et procédé de contrÔle d'un détecteur d'humidité dans un four à micro-ondes
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JP2004044846A (ja) 2002-07-09 2004-02-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高周波加熱調理器
US6875969B2 (en) 2002-11-29 2005-04-05 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Microwave oven and method of controlling the same

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US5445009A (en) 1992-11-27 1995-08-29 Goldstar Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for detecting humidity in a microwave oven
US5693247A (en) 1994-06-11 1997-12-02 Lg Electronics Inc. Microwave oven with multi-infrared sensors disposed at different distance intervals from the rotating table plane
EP0697802A2 (fr) 1994-08-16 1996-02-21 Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd Méthode de détection d'humidité et procédé de contrÔle d'un détecteur d'humidité dans un four à micro-ondes
JP2002005450A (ja) * 2000-04-17 2002-01-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 高周波加熱装置とその制御方法
US20030047559A1 (en) 2000-04-17 2003-03-13 Kenji Watanabe High-frequency heating apparatus
EP1150549A2 (fr) * 2000-04-28 2001-10-31 SANYO ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. Four à micro-ondes possédant un élémemt de détection infra-rouge
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111279792A (zh) * 2017-09-18 2020-06-12 国际制造技术咨询有限两合公司 监控系统以及食物制备系统
US12490856B2 (en) 2017-09-18 2025-12-09 InterProducTec Consulting GmbH & Co. KG Monitoring system and food preparation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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EP2773163A1 (fr) 2014-09-03

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