WO2014136888A1 - 繊維用処理剤および該繊維用処理剤で処理した炭素繊維、並びに当該炭素繊維を含む炭素繊維複合化材料 - Google Patents
繊維用処理剤および該繊維用処理剤で処理した炭素繊維、並びに当該炭素繊維を含む炭素繊維複合化材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014136888A1 WO2014136888A1 PCT/JP2014/055807 JP2014055807W WO2014136888A1 WO 2014136888 A1 WO2014136888 A1 WO 2014136888A1 JP 2014055807 W JP2014055807 W JP 2014055807W WO 2014136888 A1 WO2014136888 A1 WO 2014136888A1
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- water
- polyamide
- fiber
- treatment agent
- nylon
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/53—Polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2377/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2477/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fiber treatment agent, a carbon fiber obtained by treatment with the fiber treatment agent, and a carbon fiber composite material containing the carbon fiber.
- carbon fibers are used as fiber-reinforced composite materials by being combined with a matrix resin because they have light weight, high strength, and high elastic mechanical properties.
- Carbon fibers are usually composed of monofilaments with a diameter of several microns, but because they are fibers with low elongation, fluff is likely to occur due to mechanical friction and the like, and handling is often a problem.
- the fiber treatment agent may not only improve the convergence of the carbon fibers, but may improve the physical properties of the carbon fiber or the carbon fiber bundle by performing a sizing treatment with the fiber treatment agent.
- the compatibility with the matrix resin can be increased through the treatment agent present on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the adhesion at the interface between the matrix resin and the carbon fiber can be increased.
- Matrix resins to be combined with carbon fibers are roughly classified into thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins. However, when thermoplastic resins are used as matrix resins, they are higher than thermosetting resins. It is easy to obtain composite materials with toughness, and is excellent in workability by heat treatment, so it has great utility value.
- the fiber treatment agent that increases the compatibility with the thermoplastic resin examples include those based on polyamide, and the carbon fiber treated with the polyamide fiber treatment agent includes polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, and polycarbonate. Excellent compatibility with various thermoplastic resins.
- polyamide fiber treating agents examples include water-soluble polyamides (see Patent Documents 3, 4 and 5). In addition to exhibiting excellent solubility in water, these treatment agents provide sufficient convergence to adjust the shape of the carbon fiber, and the carbon fiber bundle can be uniformly dispersed in water. It can be suitably used to uniformly disperse carbon fibers in an inorganic matrix slurry such as concrete.
- water-soluble polyamides inherently have the property of dissolving in water, so the amount of moisture absorption in air is larger than that of general water-insoluble polyamides, and the surface of the carbon fiber bundle becomes sticky over time. There is a risk of deteriorating the workability of the bundle.
- the water-soluble polyamide is crosslinked by using a curing agent such as blocked isocyanate to make it water-insoluble (see Patent Document 5), or the water-soluble polyamide is water-free by self-crosslinking.
- a method of performing heat treatment until insolubilization is also known.
- functional groups (carboxyl group, amino group, hydroxyl group, etc.) present at the carbon fiber interface that contribute to the improvement of adhesion by performing hydrogen bonding with the matrix resin react, and for this reason, There is a possibility that the function of the functional group is lowered and the adhesiveness is lowered.
- the heat treatment may cause the polyamide or the matrix resin to be thermally deteriorated.
- polyamide such as water-insoluble copolymer nylon is dispersed in water in the form of particles and used as a fiber-based treatment agent as an aqueous polyamide-based resin dispersion.
- a water-insoluble polyamide-based resin water-insoluble polyamide
- the water resistance is superior to that when a water-soluble polyamide is used as a treating agent. Therefore, it can be applied to usages that are unsuitable for water-soluble polyamides.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber treating agent capable of forming a film having excellent adhesion to a matrix resin and excellent water resistance on a fiber. Moreover, the objective of this invention is providing the carbon fiber composite material containing the carbon fiber processed with the said processing agent for fibers, and the said carbon fiber.
- the present inventor has found that an aqueous medium, a water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the aqueous medium, and 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide. It has been found that a fiber treating agent containing 2 to 50 parts by mass of a water-soluble polyamide can form a film having excellent adhesion to a matrix resin and excellent water resistance on the fiber. Further, the present inventors have found that a carbon fiber composite material with good mechanical properties can be obtained from the treated carbon fiber and matrix resin, and further improved and completed the present invention.
- a treating agent for fibers comprising an aqueous medium, a water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the aqueous medium, and 2 to 50 parts by mass of the water-soluble polyamide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide.
- Item 1. A treating agent for fibers comprising an aqueous medium, a water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the aqueous medium, and 2 to 50 parts by mass of the water-soluble polyamide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide.
- Water-insoluble polyamide is 6-nylon, 66-nylon, 610-nylon, 11-nylon, 12-nylon, 6/66 copolymer nylon, 6/610 copolymer nylon, 6/11 copolymer nylon, 6/12 Copolymer nylon, 6/66/11 copolymer nylon, 6/66/12 copolymer nylon, 6/66/11/12 copolymer nylon, 6/66/610/11/12 copolymer nylon, dimer acid polyamide
- the laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement is performed for the polyamide contained in the fiber treatment agent of the present invention. If the average particle size is determined by the method, it represents the average particle size of the water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the fiber treatment agent of the present invention. In other words, the average particle size of the polyamide dispersed in the fiber treatment agent is 0.05 to 20 ⁇ m.
- Treatment agent. Item 5.
- Item 5. The fiber treating agent according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the difference in glass transition temperature between the water-insoluble polyamide and the water-soluble polyamide is within 100 ° C.
- Item 8 A fiber treatment agent comprising a step of adding a water-soluble polyamide to an aqueous dispersion in which a water-insoluble polyamide is dispersed at 70 ° C. or lower (preferably, the fiber treatment according to any one of Items 1 to 7) Agent).
- Item 9. Carbon fiber treated with the fiber treating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
- Item 8. A method for producing a carbon fiber treated with a fiber treating agent, comprising a step of treating the carbon fiber with the fiber treating agent according to any one of Items 1 to 7 at a temperature of 200 ° C or lower.
- Item 11 Item 10.
- a carbon fiber composite material comprising the carbon fiber according to Item 9 and a matrix resin.
- processing agent for fiber of claim item 1 as follows, for example. "Including aqueous media, water-insoluble polyamides, and water-soluble polyamides, The water-insoluble polyamide is dispersed in an aqueous medium, The water-soluble polyamide is contained in an amount of 2 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide. Treatment agent for textiles. "
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention comprises an aqueous medium, a water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the aqueous medium, and 2 to 50 parts by mass of the water-soluble polyamide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide. Therefore, it is possible to form a film having excellent adhesion to the matrix resin and excellent water resistance on the fiber by treating the fiber (especially carbon fiber) using this.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention includes an aqueous medium, a water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the aqueous medium, and 2 to 50 parts by mass of the water-soluble polyamide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide.
- aqueous medium water is preferable, and various kinds of water such as tap water, industrial water, ion exchange water, deionized water, and pure water can be used. Deionized water and pure water are particularly preferable.
- a pH adjuster, a viscosity adjuster, an antifungal agent and the like may be appropriately added to water as necessary within the range in which the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- water-insoluble polyamide of the present invention a known product or a product produced by a known method can be used. You may use what is marketed.
- examples of the water-insoluble polyamide used in the present invention include polycondensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid, polycondensation of ⁇ -amino- ⁇ ′ carboxylic acid, or ring-opening polymerization of cyclic lactam, etc.
- the water-insoluble polyamide produced by the method is mentioned. That is, water-insoluble polyamides obtained by polycondensation of diamine and dicarboxylic acid, water-insoluble polyamides obtained by polycondensation of ⁇ -amino- ⁇ ′carboxylic acid, water-insoluble polyamides obtained by ring-opening polymerization of cyclic lactams, and the like.
- a dicarboxylic acid or a monocarboxylic acid can be used as a polymerization regulator.
- diamine examples include ethylene diamine, trimethylene diamine, tetramethylene diamine, pentamethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, and 1,10-diaminodecane.
- dicarboxylic acid examples include glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, nonanedicarboxylic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, tetradecanedicarboxylic acid, octadecanedicarboxylic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, xylylene dicarboxylic acid.
- Acid and dimer acid unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having 36 carbon atoms synthesized from an unsaturated fatty acid mainly composed of linoleic acid or oleic acid).
- Examples of the ⁇ -amino- ⁇ ′ carboxylic acid include 6-aminocaproic acid, 7-aminoheptanoic acid, 9-aminononanoic acid, 11-aminoundecanoic acid and 12-aminododecanoic acid.
- cyclic lactam examples include ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -enantolactam, and ⁇ -lauryl lactam.
- the dicarboxylic acid used as the polymerization regulator is the same as the dicarboxylic acid used in the production of the polyamide resin.
- glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, nonanedicarboxylic acid examples include acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, tetradecanedicarboxylic acid, octadecanedicarboxylic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, xylylene dicarboxylic acid, and dimer acid.
- Examples of the monocarboxylic acid include caproic acid, heptanoic acid, nonanoic acid, undecanoic acid, and dodecanoic acid.
- water-insoluble polyamides in particular, — [NH (CH 2 ) 5 CO] —, — [NH (CH 2 ) 6 NHCO (CH 2 ) 4 CO] —, — [NH (CH 2 ) 6 NHCO (CH 2 ) 8 CO] —, — [NH (CH 2 ) 10 CO] —, — [NH (CH 2 ) 11 CO] — and — [NH (CH 2 ) 2 NHCO—D—CO]
- a water-insoluble polyamide having at least one selected from the group consisting of — (wherein D represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon having 34 carbon atoms) as a structural unit is preferably used.
- Such water-insoluble polyamides include nylon. More specifically, 6-nylon, 66-nylon, 610-nylon, 11-nylon, 12-nylon, 6/66 copolymer nylon, 6 / 610 copolymer nylon, 6/11 copolymer nylon, 6/12 copolymer nylon, 6/66/11 copolymer nylon, 6/66/12 copolymer nylon, 6/66/11/12 copolymer nylon, 6 / 66/610/11/12 copolymer nylon and the like are exemplified. These nylons are known and can be easily produced by known methods. As can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, “/” here is a symbol used to indicate that each nylon component has a copolymerized structure. For example, 6/66 copolymer nylon refers to nylon having a structure in which a component of 6-nylon and a component of 66-nylon are copolymerized.
- examples of the water-insoluble polyamide used in the present invention include dimer acid polyamides and polyamide elastomers.
- Specific examples of the polyamide elastomer include polyamide elastomers that are a copolymer of nylon and polyester, or a copolymer of nylon and polyalkylene ether glycol.
- examples of the polyalkylene ether glycol here include polyethylene oxide glycol, polypropylene oxide glycol, polytetramethylene oxide glycol, polyhexamethylene oxide glycol, and the like.
- the water-insoluble polyamide can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the water-insoluble polyamide and water-soluble polyamide of the present invention are defined as follows. That is, a polyamide solid having a moisture content of less than 0.5% or vacuum-dried at 80 ° C. for 10 to 120 hours (vacuum degree: 1013 hpa) and adjusted to a moisture content of less than 0.5% in advance is 100 mass of the polyamide. After immersing (standing) in 10000 parts by mass of deionized water for 8 hours at 80 ° C., the deionized water is filtered using a filter medium (for example, filter paper, filter cloth, etc.), The obtained filtrate was vacuum-dried at 80 ° C.
- a filter medium for example, filter paper, filter cloth, etc.
- water-soluble polyamide of the present invention a known one or a product produced by a known method can be used.
- a water-soluble polyamide containing a tertiary amine component or a polyalkylene glycol component in the molecular chain a water-soluble polyamide containing a tertiary amine component or a polyalkylene glycol component in the molecular chain.
- polyamides having a tertiary amine in the main chain and / or side chain and polyamides having a polyalkylene glycol component in the main chain are preferred.
- a water-soluble polyamide containing a tertiary amine component in the molecular chain can be obtained, for example, by introducing a cyclic nitrogen compound having a tertiary amine component into the polyamide.
- the cyclic nitrogen compound for introducing a tertiary amine into the main chain of the molecular chain include aminoethylpiperazine, bisaminopropylpiperazine, and the like.
- Examples of the cyclic nitrogen compound for introducing a tertiary amine into the side chain of the molecular chain include ⁇ -dimethylamino ⁇ -caprolactam.
- Examples of the compound for introducing the polyalkylene glycol component into the molecular chain include polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
- Polyethylene glycol is preferred because it is water-soluble at room temperature.
- Examples of the polyamide into which a cyclic nitrogen compound having a tertiary amine component or polyalkylene glycol is to be introduced include nylon, and more specifically 6-nylon, 66-nylon, 610-nylon, 11- Nylon, 12-nylon, 6/66 copolymer nylon, 6/610 copolymer nylon, 6/11 copolymer nylon, 6/12 copolymer nylon, 6/66/11 copolymer nylon, 6/66/12 copolymer Examples include nylon, 6/66/11/12 copolymer nylon, and 6/66/610/11/12 copolymer nylon. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyalkylene glycol (for example, polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol) is modified with a diamine having amino groups at both ends or a dicarboxylic acid having both ends with carboxylic acid. Use what you did.
- examples of those modified to diamine include bisaminopropyl polyethylene glycol and the like
- examples of those modified to dicarboxylic acid include biscarboxyethylene glycol and the like. It is done.
- the polyalkylene glycol component is introduced into the molecular chain of the polyamide, when the diamine-modified one is used, it is preferable to use a substantially equivalent molar dicarboxylic acid.
- the dicarboxylic acid include adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecadicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid, and isophthalic acid.
- the polyalkylene glycol component when introduced into the molecular chain of the polyamide, when using the one modified to the dicarboxylic acid, it is preferable to use a substantially equivalent mole of the diamine.
- the diamine include aliphatic diamines such as hexamethylene diamine, alicyclic diamines such as paraaminocyclohexylmethane, and aromatic diamines such as metaxylylenediamine.
- a water-soluble polyamide containing a tertiary amine component or a polyalkylene glycol component in the molecular chain as described above can be purchased and used.
- AQ nylon series manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is preferably exemplified.
- Such a water-soluble polyamide and a method for producing the same are known, and are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-231087, and can be produced with reference to this.
- the water-soluble polyamide used in the present invention is modified by reacting nylon, formaldehyde and methanol, and the amide bond hydrogen is replaced by a methoxymethyl group, so-called N-methoxy called type 8 nylon.
- polymerized by adding a hydrophilic vinyl monomer to alcohol-soluble nylon such as methylated nylon or N-alkoxymethylated nylon (for example, N-ethoxymethylated nylon and N-butoxymethylated nylon) ( Thereby, water solubility increases further than the raw material alcohol-soluble nylon).
- hydrophilic vinyl monomer examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, itaconic acid, acryl amide, N-methylol acryl amide and the like.
- a water-soluble polyamide modified based on N-alkoxymethylated nylon as described above can be purchased and used.
- a resin series manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation is preferably exemplified. *
- the adhesion of the resulting film is good, and the stationary stability as a fiber treatment agent is also good, so that tertiary amine components and polyalkylene glycols are included in the molecular chain.
- a water-soluble polyamide containing components is preferably used.
- Water-soluble polyamides can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the lower limit of the amount of water-soluble polyamide used is 2 parts by mass or more, preferably 5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 7 parts by mass or more, and even more preferably 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-insoluble polyamide. It is.
- As an upper limit of the usage-amount of water-soluble polyamide it is 50 mass parts or less with respect to 100 mass parts of water-insoluble polyamide, Preferably it is 30 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 25 mass parts or less.
- the range of the amount of the water-soluble polyamide used is 2 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 7 to 25 parts by mass, and further preferably 10 to 25 parts by mass. .
- the film formed by the fiber treating agent is inferior in adhesion to the matrix resin.
- water resistance is not provided to the membrane
- the melting point and glass transition temperature of the water-insoluble polyamide and water-soluble polyamide used in the fiber treating agent of the present invention are not particularly limited, but are excellent in compatibility, excellent in adhesion to the matrix resin of the present invention, and excellent in water resistance. From the viewpoint that a fiber treating agent capable of forming a coated film on the fiber is easily obtained, a combination in which the difference in glass transition temperature between the water-insoluble polyamide and the water-soluble polyamide is 100 ° C. or less is preferably used. Combinations within the ° C are more preferably used. If the difference in glass transition temperature is within this range, there is no limitation on whether the glass transition temperature of the water-insoluble polyamide or the glass transition temperature of the water-soluble polyamide is high. When the glass transition temperature of the water-insoluble polyamide is high In addition, water-soluble polyamides are also preferably used when the glass transition temperature is high.
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention contains a plurality of types of water-insoluble polyamides and / or a plurality of types of water-soluble polyamides
- at least one set has a glass transition temperature difference of 100 ° C. or less (more preferably 50 ° C.). More preferably, a combination of water-insoluble polyamide and water-soluble polyamide is within 100 ° C., and any combination of water-soluble polyamide and water-soluble polyamide has a difference in glass transition temperature within 100 ° C. (more preferably within 50 ° C.). More preferably,
- the glass transition temperature is a value measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at a rate of temperature increase of 20 ° C./min according to JIS K7121, and is obtained from the temperature of the inflection point of specific heat. Value.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- trade name “DSC7020” manufactured by SII NanoTechnology Co., Ltd. may be mentioned.
- the method for producing the fiber treating agent of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- it can be produced by a method including a step of mixing an aqueous dispersion in which a water-insoluble polyamide is dispersed (water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion) and a water-soluble polyamide.
- it can also manufacture by the method of including the process of emulsifying a water-insoluble polyamide in presence of water-soluble polyamide and obtaining an aqueous dispersion.
- a water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion and a water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution are separately prepared and mixed to prepare the fiber treatment agent of the present invention.
- the method of obtaining is particularly preferably used.
- the mixing can be performed, for example, by stirring, whereby a uniform solution (fiber treatment agent) can be obtained.
- a uniform solution fiber treatment agent
- the method for producing the water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion is not particularly limited as long as it can uniformly disperse the water-insoluble polyamide in the aqueous medium.
- a method of dispersing a water-insoluble polyamide powder obtained by pulverizing a water-insoluble polyamide by a mechanical pulverization method such as a mechanical pulverization method, a freeze pulverization method, or a wet pulverization method in an aqueous medium, a surfactant, etc.
- a method for producing an aqueous dispersion by emulsifying a water-insoluble polyamide a method for producing an aqueous dispersion by neutralizing terminal carboxyl groups in the water-insoluble polyamide with a basic substance and self-emulsifying, etc. Is mentioned.
- the terminal carboxyl group in the water-insoluble polyamide is neutralized with a basic substance
- a method of producing an aqueous dispersion by self-emulsification is preferably used.
- a water-insoluble polyamide, a basic substance, and an aqueous medium are put into a container to prepare a mixed solution thereof.
- the container used for the preparation of the mixed solution was equipped with a heating means for heating to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the water-insoluble polyamide softens in the aqueous medium, and a stirring means capable of giving a shearing force to the contents.
- a pressure vessel is preferred.
- a pressure-resistant autoclave with a stirrer is preferable.
- the above mixed solution is heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the water-insoluble polyamide and stirred to emulsify to obtain an emulsion.
- a water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion is obtained.
- the water-soluble polyamide can be added at any stage.
- it may be added at the stage of adjusting the mixed solution of the water-insoluble polyamide, the basic substance and the aqueous medium first.
- the fiber treatment agent having excellent stationary stability is used. From the viewpoint of being obtained, it is preferable to add the terminal carboxyl group in the water-insoluble polyamide after neutralizing with a basic substance and self-emulsifying to obtain an emulsion (water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion). .
- aqueous medium water is preferable, and various kinds of water such as tap water, industrial water, ion exchange water, deionized water, and pure water can be used. Deionized water and pure water are particularly preferable.
- a pH adjuster, a viscosity adjuster, an antifungal agent, an antifoaming agent, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, and the like are appropriately added as necessary as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. May be.
- the basic substance is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, ammonia, and amine compounds.
- a basic substance can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of excellent stationary stability of the water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion.
- the basic substance is used in an amount of 0.1 to 1.5 per mol of the terminal carboxyl group of the water-insoluble polyamide from the viewpoint of excellent stationary stability, such as little change in viscosity of the aqueous dispersion obtained over time. Mole is preferable, and 0.4 to 1 mol is preferable.
- the amount of the basic substance used is 0.1 mol or more per 1 mol of the terminal carboxyl group of the water-insoluble polyamide, an aqueous dispersion is easily obtained, and when the amount is 1.5 mol or less, the aqueous dispersion Since the standing stability of the liquid is better and the aqueous dispersion does not become strongly alkaline, it is preferable without any environmental problems.
- the amount of the water-insoluble polyamide used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 80 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 70 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the obtained water-insoluble polyamide aqueous dispersion. preferable.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention may contain an antioxidant, if necessary, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- an antioxidant By adding antioxidants, thermal degradation of water-insoluble polyamides and water-soluble polyamides is suppressed, and when used as a fiber treatment agent, the resulting fiber or fiber composite material has mechanical properties such as heat resistance. Characteristics can be improved.
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention may contain a curing agent, if necessary.
- curing agent By using a hardening
- a curing agent include urea resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, multi-epoxy resin, and blocked isocyanate.
- the total concentration of the water-insoluble polyamide and the water-soluble polyamide in the fiber treating agent of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 1 to 60% by mass.
- the total polyamide concentration is 80% by mass or less, it is more preferable in terms of the stability of the aqueous dispersion.
- the total polyamide concentration is 0.1% by mass or more, it is more preferable in terms of adhesiveness.
- the unit “mass%” representing the polyamide concentration represents “mass / mass%” unless otherwise specified. The same applies to the following.
- the average particle size of the dispersed water-insoluble polyamide is preferably 0.05 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 15 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.2 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size is 0.05 ⁇ m or more, the viscosity of the treatment agent is suitable and easier to handle.
- the average particle size is 20 ⁇ m or less, polyamide particles are less likely to settle. Further, uniform impregnation into fibers is better. This average particle diameter is based on a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention includes not only water-insoluble polyamides but also water-soluble polyamides, but since water-soluble polyamides are dissolved in an aqueous medium, depending on the laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method, Particle size cannot be measured. Therefore, if the average particle diameter is determined by the laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method for the polyamide particles contained in the fiber treatment agent of the present invention, it is the average of the water-insoluble polyamide dispersed in the fiber treatment agent of the present invention. Represents the particle size.
- the particle to be measured showing the same diffraction / scattered light pattern as a sphere having a diameter of 1 ⁇ m is calculated as a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m regardless of its shape.
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention is excellent in compatibility with fibers, and is easily impregnated with the treatment agent uniformly into the fiber, and when bonded to a matrix resin, a composite having excellent mechanical properties is obtained. There are features.
- Organic fibers include natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, flax, jute, wool, and cashmere obtained from plants and animals, polyamide synthetic fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66 obtained by synthesizing organic chemicals, and polyester fibers.
- Synthetic fiber polyacrylonitrile synthetic fiber, polyvinyl alcohol synthetic fiber, polyvinyl chloride synthetic fiber, polyvinylidene chloride synthetic fiber, polyethylene synthetic fiber, polypropylene synthetic fiber, synthetic fiber such as polyurethane synthetic fiber, acetate , Semi-synthetic fibers such as triacetate, regenerated fibers such as rayon and cupra can be used, and inorganic fibers include carbon fibers (for example, can be produced by carbonizing at high temperature using acrylic fibers or pitch as raw materials), glass fibers, Various fibers such as metal fibers and rock fibers can be mentioned.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention can be used favorably for carbon fibers.
- the carbon fiber include polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber, rayon-based carbon fiber, lignin-based carbon fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, vapor-grown carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, and the like, but the type is not particularly limited.
- Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers are preferably used in that low cost can be realized and a molded product obtained from a carbon fiber bundle formed by bundling carbon fibers has good mechanical properties.
- the form of the carbon fiber may be any of continuous long fibers, short fibers cut from the continuous long fibers, milled yarn pulverized into a powder form, and the like. These can be variously selected depending on the application and necessary characteristics, such as a sheet shape such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a non-woven fabric.
- the method for impregnating the carbon fiber with the fiber treatment agent is not particularly limited. For example, after impregnating the carbon fiber into the treatment tank containing the fiber treatment agent, the carbon fiber is pulled up. In addition to the method of dripping and spraying, a knife coating method, a roller dipping method, a roller contact method and the like can also be applied.
- the adjustment of the amount of the fiber treating agent attached to the carbon fiber can also be adjusted by adjusting the polyamide concentration in the treating agent. Moreover, it can also adjust by wiping off the polyamide adhering to the fiber surface using an aperture controller or the like.
- the carbon fiber treated with the fiber treating agent of the present invention is obtained by attaching the fiber treating agent to the carbon fiber and subsequently removing the moisture by a drying treatment.
- a method for the drying treatment at this time is not particularly limited, but a method using a heat medium such as hot air, a hot plate, a roller, an infrared heater or the like can be selected.
- the temperature at which moisture is removed by drying treatment can suppress the thermal deterioration of the polyamide from the viewpoint that a film excellent in adhesiveness with the matrix resin can be obtained.
- 300 ° C. or lower is preferable, 250 ° C. or lower is more preferable, and 200 ° C. or lower is particularly preferable.
- the adhesion amount of the fiber treatment agent in the carbon fiber to which the fiber treatment agent of the present invention is adhered is the mass increase of the carbon fiber from which moisture after treatment is removed with respect to 100 parts by mass of the carbon fiber before treatment. It can be expressed in minutes.
- the adhesion amount of the fiber treating agent is desirably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, and more preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the carbon fiber before the treatment. If the adhesion amount is 20 parts by mass or less, the flexibility of the carbon fiber is not impaired and the carbon fiber can be used satisfactorily. If the adhesion amount is 0.1 parts by mass or more, when the carbon fiber composite material is produced by blending the carbon fiber and the matrix resin, the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix resin is better, and the carbon fiber composite Mechanical properties such as material strength can be excellent.
- the carbon fiber treated with the fiber treating agent of the present invention can be mixed with a matrix resin and used as a carbon fiber composite material.
- the matrix resin can be either a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin, and is not particularly limited.
- the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product It is possible to perform press molding or injection molding with good characteristics and high molding efficiency, and from the viewpoint of recycling, a thermoplastic resin is preferable.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene, as well as styrene resins, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, polymethylene methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, and polyphenylene sulfide.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention can form a film excellent in adhesiveness with the matrix resin on the carbon fiber, so that a carbon fiber composite material having excellent mechanical properties such as strength and bending properties is produced. It becomes possible.
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention includes a polyamide (water-soluble polyamide) having a property of absorbing water
- the film formed by the fiber treatment agent exhibits water resistance.
- the carbon fiber treated with the fiber treating agent of the present invention is less likely to cause stickiness on the surface of the carbon fiber bundle due to moisture absorption, and does not deteriorate workability.
- the film being water resistant means that the elution rate is less than 10% when a water resistance test is performed on the film formed of the fiber treatment agent under the following conditions.
- the fiber treating agent is dried at 80 ° C. for 8 hours, and then transferred to a vacuum dryer and vacuum dried (vacuum degree 1013 hpa) for 72 hours to adjust the moisture content of the obtained film to less than 0.5%.
- 8 g of the obtained film was placed in a square mold having a thickness of 0.3 mm and a side length of 15 cm, and then pressed with a hydraulic press set at a heating temperature of 180 ° C. for 1 minute.
- a film sheet is prepared and cut into 4 cm ⁇ 2 cm to make a test piece for water resistance evaluation.
- Such a carbon fiber composite material can be used in a wide range of applications, such as for structural materials for manufacturing automobiles, aircraft, sports-related products, medical equipment, and the like.
- Example 1 240 / g of 6/66/12 copolymer nylon (melting point: 120 ° C., terminal carboxyl group: 183 mmol / kg, glass transition temperature: 17 ° C.) as a polyamide in a pressure-resistant autoclave with a turbine-type stirring blade having a diameter of 50 mm and an internal volume of 1 liter Then, 145.4 g of deionized water and 14.6 g of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were charged and sealed.
- the agitator was started, and the temperature inside the autoclave was raised to 160 ° C. while stirring at a rotation speed of 500 rpm. The mixture was further stirred for 30 minutes while maintaining the internal temperature at 160 ° C. Subsequently, after cooling to room temperature with stirring, 200 g of deionized water was added to obtain an aqueous polyamide dispersion (600 g). The average particle size of the polyamide particles in this aqueous dispersion was measured and found to be 0.6 ⁇ m. For measurement of the average particle size, a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (Shimadzu Corporation, trade name “SALD-2000J”) was used. In the following, the apparatus was used for measuring the average particle size.
- SALD-2000J laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device
- a water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution having a concentration of 50% by mass in 400 g of this polyamide aqueous dispersion (trade name “AQ nylon T-70” manufactured by Toray, a water-soluble nylon resin containing a nitrogen cyclic compound and polyalkylene glycol, the glass transition temperature is ⁇ 22 ° C.) was added and mixed and stirred for 3 hours under the condition of 25 ° C. to obtain the fiber treating agent of the present invention. In addition, it was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of the obtained fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 2 the fiber treatment agent of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the 50% by weight aqueous water-soluble polyamide solution was 16 g. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 3 the fiber treatment agent of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the 50 mass% aqueous water-soluble polyamide solution was 32 g. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 4 the fiber treatment agent of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the 50 mass% aqueous water-soluble polyamide solution was 112 g. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 5 In Example 1, a 50% strength by weight aqueous polyamide aqueous solution was added to Toray's trade name “AQ nylon A-90” (water-soluble nylon resin containing a nitrogen cyclic compound, glass transition temperature of 47 ° C.) in deionized water. A fiber treatment agent of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration was adjusted to 50% by mass. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- AQ nylon A-90 water-soluble nylon resin containing a nitrogen cyclic compound, glass transition temperature of 47 ° C.
- Example 6 In Example 1, a 50% by weight aqueous water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution was mixed with Toray's trade name “AQ nylon P-70” (water-soluble nylon resin containing polyalkylene glycol, glass transition temperature of ⁇ 46 ° C.) in deionized water.
- the treatment agent for fibers of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the concentration was adjusted to 50% by mass. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 7 In Example 1, 177.8 g of a 50% by weight aqueous water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution was added to 177.8 g of an aqueous 18% by weight water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution (trade name “Toresin FS-350E5AS” manufactured by Nagase ChemteX)
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the glass transition temperature was changed to 8 ° C. It was 0.6 micrometer when the average particle diameter of the polyamide particle of this fiber processing agent was measured.
- Example 1 Except having not used 50 mass% concentration water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution, it operated similarly to Example 1 and obtained the processing agent for fibers.
- Comparative Example 2 The 50 mass% water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution used in Example 1 was used as a fiber treating agent as it was.
- Example 3 In Example 1, except that the usage-amount of 50 mass% concentration water-soluble polyamide aqueous solution was 256 g, it processed similarly to Example 1 and obtained the processing agent for fibers.
- a carbon fiber bundle wound on a bobbin (trade name “Pyrofil TR50SI5L” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd .: 15000 filaments, filament diameter 7 ⁇ m, basis weight 1000 mg / m) is sent out from the bobbin, and then a fiber treating agent.
- a fiber treating agent for continuous roller immersion in an impregnation tank containing 1 L, hot air drying (160 ° C. for 5 minutes) was performed.
- the squeezing after the immersion was adjusted, and the amount of treatment agent after hot air drying was adjusted to 3 parts by mass with respect to the case where the mass of the carbon fiber bundle before adhesion was 100 parts by mass.
- the obtained carbon fiber bundle was placed on a nylon 6 sheet (length: 25 cm width: 3.5 cm, thickness: 0.5 mm), and then a press machine (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) set at a heating temperature of 240 ° C. Using a product name “thermal gradient tester”), heat fusion (bonding area 0.6 cm 2 ) was performed at 0.2 MPa for 30 seconds, and then cut to prepare a test piece. With reference to JISK6850, the tensile shear strength of the carbon fiber bundle and nylon 6 sheet was measured using an autograph (trade name “AGS-J”, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) under the condition of a tensile speed of 3 mm / min.
- the film was cut into 4 cm ⁇ 2 cm (about 0.3 g) to obtain a test piece for water resistance evaluation.
- the film sheet obtained by using Comparative Example 2 was soft and could not hold the shape of 4 cm ⁇ 2 cm, but about 0.3 g was cut to obtain a test piece.
- the test piece was weighed precisely, and the test piece was immersed in 30 g of deionized water at 80 ° C., and then a polyethylene net (trade name “PE120” manufactured by Nippon Special Textile Co., Ltd .: opening diameter 177 ⁇ m)
- the eluate was filtered off using. After the eluate was transferred to a vacuum dryer and vacuum dried for 72 hours (vacuum degree 1013 hpa), the mass was measured, and the elution was expressed as a numerical value when the mass before impregnation with deionized water was taken as 100. .
- the numerical value represents the dissolution rate (%).
- the above measurement was performed 5 times, and the average value was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1. Here, if the numerical value is less than 10, it can be said that the test piece is water resistant, and thus the water resistance of the film obtained from the fiber treating agent is good.
- the film obtained from the fiber treatment agent of the present invention is excellent in adhesiveness with the matrix resin, and the fiber treatment agent of the present invention is a carbon fiber with a strong film excellent in water resistance. It was found that it can be formed above.
- the coating obtained from the fiber treating agent of the present invention containing a water-insoluble polyamide and a specific amount of water-soluble polyamide exhibits excellent performance is presumed as follows (although it is not clear) A limited interpretation of the invention is not desired). That is, the reason why the adhesiveness is excellent is that, by including a water-soluble polyamide in the film, the film is slightly tacky instead of lowering the cohesive strength by slightly reducing the crystallinity of the polyamide as the film. This is presumably because the adhesion surface of the matrix resin and the coating on the fiber surface became stable.
- the fiber treating agent of the present invention can provide a film having excellent adhesion to the matrix resin in addition to excellent water resistance despite using a water-soluble polyamide. I understood. Therefore, when a fiber composite material is manufactured using the fiber treatment agent of the present invention, the effect of moisture absorbed by the treatment agent can be reduced without performing a curing agent or heat treatment. It can be expected that a fiber composite material excellent in mechanical properties, mechanical properties such as the strength of the molded product, flexural elasticity, etc. and durability will be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
このような水不溶型のポリアミド系樹脂(非水溶性ポリアミド)を水性分散液として、繊維用処理剤として用いた場合、水溶性ポリアミドを処理剤とした場合と比較して、耐水性が優れることから、水溶性ポリアミドに不適であった使用用途に適用することができる。
項1.
水性媒体と、前記水性媒体中に分散された非水溶性ポリアミドと、前記非水溶性ポリアミド100質量部に対して2~50質量部の水溶性ポリアミドとを含む繊維用処理剤。
項2.
非水溶性ポリアミドが、6-ナイロン、66-ナイロン、610-ナイロン、11-ナイロン、12-ナイロン、6/66共重合ナイロン、6/610共重合ナイロン、6/11共重合ナイロン、6/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/11共重合ナイロン、6/66/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/11/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/610/11/12共重合ナイロン、ダイマー酸系ポリアミド樹脂、ナイロン系エラストマーからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である項1に記載の繊維用処理剤。
項3.
前記分散された非水溶性ポリアミドの平均粒子径が0.05~20μmである項1または2に記載の繊維用処理剤。
(なお、下に詳述するように、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定法によっては、水溶性ポリアミドの粒子径測定はできないので、本発明の繊維用処理剤に含まれるポリアミドについてレーザー回折式粒度分布測定法により平均粒子径を求めれば、それは本発明の繊維用処理剤において分散された非水溶性ポリアミドの平均粒子径を表す。従って、当該項3に記載の繊維用処理剤は「項1または2に記載の繊維用処理剤であって、当該繊維用処理剤に分散されたポリアミドの平均粒子径が0.05~20μmである、繊維用処理剤」と換言できる。)
項4.
水溶性ポリアミドが、分子鎖中に第3級アミン成分を含有する水溶性ポリアミドまたは分子鎖中にポリアルキレングリコール成分を含有する水溶性ポリアミドである項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
項5.
非水溶性ポリアミドと水溶性ポリアミドのガラス転移温度の差が100℃以内である項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
項6.
項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤であって、該繊維用処理剤を乾燥して得られる皮膜が耐水性である、繊維用処理剤。
項7.
繊維用処理剤が炭素繊維用処理剤である項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
項8.
非水溶性ポリアミドが分散された水性分散液中に、70℃以下の条件で水溶性ポリアミドを添加する工程を含む繊維用処理剤(好ましくは、項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維用処理剤)の製造方法。
項9.
請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維用処理剤により処理された炭素繊維。
項10.
項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維用処理剤により200℃以下の温度で炭素繊維を処理する工程を含む、繊維用処理剤で処理された炭素繊維の製造方法。
項11.
項9に記載の炭素繊維及びマトリックス樹脂を含有する、炭素繊維複合化材料。
なお、項1に記載の繊維用処理剤は、例えば次のように言い換えてもよい。
「水性媒体、非水溶性ポリアミド、及び水溶性ポリアミドを含み、
非水溶性ポリアミドは水性媒体中に分散されており、
水溶性ポリアミドは、非水溶性ポリアミド100質量部に対して2~50質量部含まれる、
繊維用処理剤。」
〔耐水性試験条件〕
繊維用処理剤を、80℃で8時間乾燥させた後、真空乾燥機に移し、72時間真空乾燥(真空度1013hpa)させて、得られた皮膜の含水率を0.5%未満に調整する。得られた皮膜8gを、厚さ0.3mm、一辺長さ15cm正方形の金型に入れた後、加熱温度180℃に設定した油圧プレス機で1分間プレスを行い、約0.3mmの厚みの皮膜シートを作成し、これを4cm×2cmに裁断したものを耐水性評価用試験片とする。当該試験片の質量を精秤し、試験片を30gの脱イオン水中に80℃の条件下で8時間浸漬(静置)させた後、ポリエチレン網(オープニング径177μm)を用いて、溶出分をろ別し、当該溶出分を真空乾燥機に移し、72時間真空乾燥(真空度1013hpa)させた後、質量を測定し、脱イオン水に含浸する前の質量を100とした場合の、溶出分を数値(%)で表したものを溶出率とする。
直径50mmのタービン型撹拌羽根を備えた内容積1リットルの耐圧オートクレーブ中に、ポリアミドとして6/66/12共重合ナイロン(融点120℃、末端カルボキシル基183ミリモル/kg、ガラス転移温度17℃)240g、脱イオン水145.4g、10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液14.6gを仕込み密閉した。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液の使用量を16gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液の使用量を32gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液の使用量を112gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液を、東レ製の商品名“AQナイロンA-90”(窒素環状化合物を含む水溶性ナイロン樹脂、ガラス転移温度は47℃)を脱イオン水に溶解させて50質量%に濃度調整したものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液を、東レ製の商品名“AQナイロンP-70”(ポリアルキレングリコールを含む水溶性ナイロン樹脂、ガラス転移温度は-46℃)を脱イオン水に溶解させて50質量%に濃度調整したものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液を18質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液177.8g(ナガセケムテックス製の商品名“トレジンFS-350E5AS”:N-メトキシメチル化ナイロンの変性品、ガラス転移温度は8℃)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、本発明の繊維用処理剤を得た。この繊維用処理剤のポリアミド粒子の平均粒子径を測定したところ、0.6μmであった。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液を使用しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、繊維用処理剤を得た。
実施例1で用いた50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液を、そのまま繊維用処理剤として用いた。
実施例1において、50質量%濃度水溶性ポリアミド水溶液の使用量を256gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に操作し、繊維用処理剤を得た。
実施例1~7および比較例1~3で得られた繊維用処理剤を、固形分濃度(ポリアミド濃度)が8質量%になるように脱イオン水を用いて希釈した。
得られた炭素繊維束をナイロン6シート(長さ;25cm 幅;3.5cm、厚み;0.5mm)上に置いた後、加熱温度240℃に設定したプレス機(株式会社東洋精機製作所製の商品名“熱傾斜試験機”)を用いて、0.2MPa、30秒の条件で熱融着(接着面積0.6cm2)した後、裁断し試験片を作成した。JISK6850を参考に、オートグラフ(島津製作所の商品名“AGS-J”)を用いて、引張速度3mm/minの条件で、炭素繊維束とナイロン6シートの引張せん断強度を測定した。以上の測定を6回行い、平均値を求めた。結果を表1に示す。ここでは、引張せん断強度が7.0MPa以上であると接着性に優れていると判断できる。また、7.5MPa以上であれば、特に接着性に優れていると判断できる。
実施例1~7および比較例1~3で得られた繊維用処理剤を、テフロン製深型バットに入れ、これを熱風乾燥機中に入れて80℃で8時間乾燥させた後、真空乾燥機に移し、72時間真空乾燥(真空度1013hpa)させて、得られた皮膜の含水率を0.5%未満に調整した。得られた皮膜8gを、厚さ0.3mm、一辺長さ15cm正方形の金型に入れた後、加熱温度180℃に設定した油圧プレス機で1分間プレスを行い、0.3mmの厚みの皮膜シートを作成した。次に皮膜を、4cm×2cmに裁断し(約0.3g)、耐水性評価用の試験片を得た。尚、ここで比較例2を用いて得られた皮膜シートは柔らかく、4cm×2cmの形状を保持することができなかったが、約0.3gを裁断し、試験片とした。
Claims (11)
- 水性媒体と、前記水性媒体中に分散された非水溶性ポリアミドと、前記非水溶性ポリアミド100質量部に対して2~50質量部の水溶性ポリアミドとを含む繊維用処理剤。
- 非水溶性ポリアミドが、6-ナイロン、66-ナイロン、610-ナイロン、11-ナイロン、12-ナイロン、6/66共重合ナイロン、6/610共重合ナイロン、6/11共重合ナイロン、6/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/11共重合ナイロン、6/66/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/11/12共重合ナイロン、6/66/610/11/12共重合ナイロン、ダイマー酸系ポリアミド樹脂、ナイロン系エラストマーからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載の繊維用処理剤。
- 前記分散された非水溶性ポリアミドの平均粒子径が0.05~20μmである請求項1または2に記載の繊維用処理剤。
- 水溶性ポリアミドが、分子鎖中に第3級アミン成分を含有する水溶性ポリアミドまたは分子鎖中にポリアルキレングリコール成分を含有する水溶性ポリアミドである請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
- 非水溶性ポリアミドと水溶性ポリアミドのガラス転移温度の差が100℃以内である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤であって、該繊維用処理剤を乾燥して得られる皮膜が耐水性である、繊維用処理剤。
- 繊維用処理剤が炭素繊維用処理剤である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の繊維用処理剤。
- 非水溶性ポリアミドが分散された水性分散液中に、70℃以下の条件で水溶性ポリアミドを添加する工程を含む繊維用処理剤の製造方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維用処理剤により処理された炭素繊維。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の繊維用処理剤により200℃以下の温度で炭素繊維を処理する工程を含む、繊維用処理剤で処理された炭素繊維の製造方法。
- 請求項9に記載の炭素繊維及びマトリックス樹脂を含有する、炭素繊維複合化材料。
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| JP2015504388A JP6333803B2 (ja) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-06 | 繊維用処理剤および該繊維用処理剤で処理した炭素繊維、並びに当該炭素繊維を含む炭素繊維複合化材料 |
| EP14760349.2A EP2966217B1 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-06 | Fiber treatment agent, carbon fibers treated with fiber treatment agent, and carbon fiber composite material containing said carbon fibers |
| CN201480012647.4A CN105008613B (zh) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-06 | 纤维处理剂、用纤维处理剂处理的碳纤维和含有所述碳纤维的碳纤维复合材料 |
| US14/768,543 US10066337B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-06 | Fiber treatment agent, carbon fibers treated with fiber treatment agent, and carbon fiber composite material containing said carbon fibers |
| KR1020157025574A KR102181457B1 (ko) | 2013-03-06 | 2014-03-06 | 섬유용 처리제 및 해당 섬유용 처리제로 처리한 탄소 섬유 및 해당 탄소 섬유를 포함하는 탄소 섬유 복합화 재료 |
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| EP (1) | EP2966217B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6333803B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102181457B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN105008613B (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106978728A (zh) | 2017-07-25 |
| HUE039417T2 (hu) | 2018-12-28 |
| CN105008613A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
| EP2966217A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
| KR102181457B1 (ko) | 2020-11-23 |
| JPWO2014136888A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
| EP2966217A4 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| US20160032520A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
| JP6333803B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
| US10066337B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 |
| EP2966217B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
| CN105008613B (zh) | 2018-06-29 |
| KR20150124964A (ko) | 2015-11-06 |
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