WO2014165334A1 - Procédé dynamique d'obtention d'un échantillon de matériaux - Google Patents

Procédé dynamique d'obtention d'un échantillon de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014165334A1
WO2014165334A1 PCT/US2014/031404 US2014031404W WO2014165334A1 WO 2014165334 A1 WO2014165334 A1 WO 2014165334A1 US 2014031404 W US2014031404 W US 2014031404W WO 2014165334 A1 WO2014165334 A1 WO 2014165334A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capsule
sample
additive manufacturing
powder
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2014/031404
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher F. O'Neill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RTX Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Priority to US14/781,836 priority Critical patent/US9778150B2/en
Publication of WO2014165334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014165334A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of additive manufacturing.
  • the present invention relates to the feed material used to create additively manufactured articles.
  • Additive manufacturing is an established but growing technology. In its broadest definition, additive manufacturing is any layerwise construction of articles from thin layers of feed material. Additive manufacturing may involve applying liquid, layer or powder material to a workstage, then sintering, curing, melting, and/or cutting to create a layer. The process is repeated up to several thousand times to construct the desired finished component or article.
  • Stereolithography additive manufacturing
  • Electron Beam Melting using a pulverant material as feedstock and selectively melting the pulverant material using an electron beam
  • Laser Additive Manufacturing using a pulverant material as a feedstock and selectively melting the pulverant material using a laser
  • Laser Object Manufacturing applying thin, solid sheets of material over a workstage and using a laser to cut away unwanted portions.
  • one disadvantage of Laser Additive Manufacturing is that as pulverant material is made from increasingly fine particles as required for ever-thinner layers, the pulverant material may begin to clump, and the increased surface area to volume ratio of finer particles results in higher oxidation rates.
  • Non-additively manufactured production parts can be traced to an original forged billet, a pour of metal at a foundry, or to the original sheet metal. It is not as easy to trace the pedigree of parts built by additive manufacturing. Economically it is unlikely that production parts will be built of a virgin material. Building five pounds of product may require one hundred pounds of powdered starting material. It is likely that the product will be built from a mixture of virgin material, previously used, recycled, or reprocessed metal powder. Powdered metals are prone to contamination through oxidation, humidity, and any remnants of a previous build. This creates a problem of documenting the condition/properties of the powdered metal used to build the end material. SUMMARY
  • a method of obtaining a sample of materials includes building a product through an additive manufacturing process.
  • a capsule is formed with an internal chamber inside of the capsule.
  • the capsule is formed during the building of the additive manufacturing product.
  • a sample of powder is encapsulated inside the internal chamber as the capsule is built.
  • the internal chamber is hermetically sealed from an exterior environment to retain the sample of powder in the internal chamber.
  • An additional embodiment of the present invention includes a method of obtaining a sample of materials.
  • the method includes building a product through an additive manufacturing process.
  • a capsule is formed with an internal chamber inside of the capsule.
  • the capsule is formed during the building of the additive manufacturing product.
  • a sample of powder is encapsulated inside the internal chamber as the capsule is built.
  • the internal chamber is hermetically sealed from an exterior environment to retain the sample of powder in the internal chamber.
  • the capsule is removed from the additive engineering process after the additive manufacturing product is built.
  • the capsule is then severed along a groove in the capsule by applying torsional stress to flanges at the distal ends of the capsule.
  • An additional embodiment of the present invention includes a method of obtaining a sample of materials.
  • the method includes building a product and a capsule through an additive manufacturing process.
  • a capsule is formed with an internal chamber inside of the capsule.
  • a sample of powder is encapsulated inside the internal chamber as the capsule is built.
  • Identification information of the product is provided on the capsule by the additive manufacturing process.
  • the internal chamber is hermetically sealed from an exterior environment to retain the sample of powder in the internal chamber.
  • the capsule is removed from the additive engineering process after the product is built. The capsule is then severed, the sample of powder is analyzed, and the analysis is used to categorize the product.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a capsule in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic, perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a capsule in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a method incorporating the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic, cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of capsule 10 in accordance with the present invention.
  • Capsule 10 includes internal chamber 12.
  • First flange 14 is located at a first distal end of capsule 10.
  • Second flange 16 is located at a second distal end of capsule 10.
  • Groove 18 is located between first flange 14 and second flange 16 on an exterior surface of capsule 10. Groove 18 extends circumferentially around an exterior surface of capsule 10.
  • Sample powder 20 is encapsulated within internal chamber 12 of capsule 10.
  • capsule 10 is built concurrently with the formation of an additive manufacturing product. As the additive manufacturing product is built, capsule 10 is also built. During the formation of capsule 10, sample powder 20 is placed in internal chamber 12 of capsule 10. The encapsulation of sample powder 20 during the additive manufacturing process enables collection of the same powder used to build the additive manufacturing product.
  • a benefit of forming capsule 10 of sample powder 20 during the additive manufacturing process alongside the additive manufacturing product is that capsule 10 would be built, filled, and sealed during the build of the additive manufacturing product completely untouched by human hands. This method allows for minimal contamination of sample powder 20 throughout the additive manufacturing process which prevents problems associated with oxidation and humidity.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic, perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of capsule 10 in accordance with the present invention.
  • First flange 14 is located at a first distal end of capsule 10.
  • Second flange 16 is located at a second distal end of capsule 10.
  • Groove 18 is located between first flange 14 and second flange 16 on an exterior surface of capsule 10. Groove 18 extends circumferentially around an exterior surface of capsule 10.
  • Identification information 22 is written onto capsule 10 during the additive manufacturing process. In this embodiment, identification information is provided on second flange 16, but can be provided anywhere on an exterior of capsule 10.
  • sample powder 20 can be retrieved at a later stage and analyzed to document the conditions and properties of sample powder 20. The results of analyzing the conditions and properties of sample powder 20 can then be used to classify and categorize the build conditions of the corresponding additive manufacturing product built along with sample powder 20.
  • Sample powder 20 is retrieved from capsule 10 after severing capsule 10 by applying torsional stress to first flange 14 and second flange 16. The torsional stress causes capsule 10 to sever along groove 18 and dissects capsule 10 into two halves. Once capsule 10 has been severed, sample powder 20 is retrieved from capsule 10 to be analyzed. As opposed to traditional cutting methods involving the use of a cutting tool, severing capsule 10 with torsional stress prevents contamination of sample powder 20 that occurs when using a cutting tool.
  • flanges 14 and 16 can be sectioned, polished, etched and used for metallography for evaluation of grain size, contamination, hardness, or other solid material characteristics.
  • Identification information 22 is placed on capsule 10 during the additive manufacturing process instead of adding identification information 22 to capsule 10 after the build under conditions different from the controlled conditions used during the additive manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of method 24 of obtaining a sample of materials incorporating the present invention.
  • Method 24 includes building a product by additive manufacturing (step 26), forming capsule 10 while building the product (step 28), encapsulating powder sample 20 from the product build in capsule 10 (step 30), forming identification information 22 on capsule 10 (step 32), removing capsule 10 from the additive manufacturing process (step 34), severing capsule 10 by applying torsional stress to first flange 14 and second flange 16 of capsule 10 (step 36), analyzing powder sample 20 (step 38), and categorizing the additive manufacturing product based on the analysis of powder sample 20 (step 40).
  • Building a product by additive manufacturing includes producing a product by any additive manufacturing process that uses pulverant material for the base material. For example, Selective Laser Sintering or melting and selective Electron Beam Melting processes use pulverant granules to create an additively manufactured part.
  • Forming capsule 10 while building the product includes building capsule 10 at the same time as the additive manufacturing product is built.
  • Encapsulating powder sample 20 from the product build in capsule 10 includes forming capsule 10 to enclose powder sample 20 within capsule 10.
  • Forming identification information 22 on capsule 10 includes using the additive manufacturing process to produce identifying information 22 on capsule 10. During the additive manufacturing process, various language characters are created by the additive manufacturing process to form identification information 22 on capsule 10.
  • Removing capsule 10 from the additive manufacturing process includes removing capsule 10 from the additive manufacturing building stage once the additive manufacturing process is complete.
  • Severing capsule 10 by applying torsional stress to first flange 14 and second flange 16 of capsule 10 includes twisting first flange 14 and second flange 16 of capsule 10 in opposite directions until capsule 10 severs along groove 18.
  • powder sample 20 can then be analyzed.
  • Analyzing powder sample 20 includes extracting powder sample 20 from the severed halves of capsule 10, and testing powder sample 20 for various characteristics including but not limited to flowability, particle size distribution, or high cycle fatigue test.
  • Categorizing the additive manufacturing product based on the analysis of powder sample 20 includes using the results of sample powder 20 analysis to classify and characterize the product from the corresponding additive manufacturing process.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant d'obtenir un échantillon de matériaux consistant à construire un produit par le biais d'un procédé d'impression tridimensionnelle. Une capsule est pourvue d'une chambre interne à l'intérieur de la capsule. La capsule est formée pendant la construction du produit d'impression tridimensionnelle. Un échantillon de poudre est encapsulé à l'intérieur de la chambre interne à mesure que la capsule est construite. La chambre interne est scellée hermétiquement par rapport à un environnement extérieur pour retenir l'échantillon de poudre dans la chambre interne.
PCT/US2014/031404 2013-04-03 2014-03-21 Procédé dynamique d'obtention d'un échantillon de matériaux Ceased WO2014165334A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/781,836 US9778150B2 (en) 2013-04-03 2014-03-21 Dynamic method of obtaining a sample of materials

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361807883P 2013-04-03 2013-04-03
US61/807,883 2013-04-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014165334A1 true WO2014165334A1 (fr) 2014-10-09

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ID=51659132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2014/031404 Ceased WO2014165334A1 (fr) 2013-04-03 2014-03-21 Procédé dynamique d'obtention d'un échantillon de matériaux

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US9778150B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014165334A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2564710A (en) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-23 Lpw Technology Ltd Measuring density of a powder bed and detecting a defect in an additively manufactured article
GB2568694A (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-29 Lpw Technology Ltd Predicting powder degradation in an additive manufacturing process

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US10073060B2 (en) * 2015-11-19 2018-09-11 General Electric Company Non-contact acoustic inspection method for additive manufacturing processes
US10814391B2 (en) 2016-09-13 2020-10-27 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing material analysis system and related method
US10746640B2 (en) * 2017-03-21 2020-08-18 Textron Innovations Inc. Methods of making a tubular specimen with a predetermined wrinkle defect
US10744727B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2020-08-18 Textron Innovations Inc. Methods of making a specimen with a predetermined wrinkle defect
US10401267B2 (en) * 2017-04-18 2019-09-03 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing test feature including powder sampling capsule
US20190242865A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-08 United Technologies Corporation Process equivalent powder reuse capsule for additive manufacturing
EP3570127B1 (fr) * 2018-05-15 2023-04-26 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Détermination d'une quantité de définition de vie
US20200139621A1 (en) * 2018-11-07 2020-05-07 Ethicon Llc 3d printed in-process powder capsule for printing material powder characterization
US12030119B2 (en) * 2021-03-31 2024-07-09 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc In-situ powder witness coupon

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US20120018926A1 (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 Stratasys, Inc. Three-Dimensional Parts Having Porous Protective Structures

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JP2003521340A (ja) * 2000-02-04 2003-07-15 スリーエクス エンジニアリング 医薬品または化粧品分野で使用可能な有効成分の塗布装置
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2564710A (en) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-23 Lpw Technology Ltd Measuring density of a powder bed and detecting a defect in an additively manufactured article
WO2019016565A1 (fr) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Lpw Technology Ltd Mesure de la masse volumique d'un lit de poudre et détection d'un défaut dans un article fabriqué de manière additive
GB2568694A (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-29 Lpw Technology Ltd Predicting powder degradation in an additive manufacturing process
GB2568694B (en) * 2017-11-23 2022-08-24 Lpw Technology Ltd Predicting powder degradation in an additive manufacturing process
US11733677B2 (en) 2017-11-23 2023-08-22 Lpw Technology Ltd. Method of manufacture and predicting powder degredation in an additive manufacturing process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160054205A1 (en) 2016-02-25
US9778150B2 (en) 2017-10-03

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