WO2014168248A1 - 内燃機関用点火制御装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関用点火制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014168248A1 WO2014168248A1 PCT/JP2014/060553 JP2014060553W WO2014168248A1 WO 2014168248 A1 WO2014168248 A1 WO 2014168248A1 JP 2014060553 W JP2014060553 W JP 2014060553W WO 2014168248 A1 WO2014168248 A1 WO 2014168248A1
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- ignition
- switching element
- discharge
- power supply
- side terminal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
- F02P15/10—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits having continuous electric sparks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
- F02P3/0435—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means with semiconductor devices
- F02P3/0442—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
- F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
- F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/0876—Layout of circuits the storage capacitor being charged by means of an energy converter (DC-DC converter) or of an intermediate storage inductance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
- F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
- F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
- F02P3/0552—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
- F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
- F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
- F02P3/0552—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
- F02P3/0554—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ignition control device configured to control the operation of a spark plug provided to ignite a fuel mixture in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a plurality of discharges are intermittently generated within one combustion stroke.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which two ignition coils are connected in parallel in order to obtain a multiple discharge characteristic having a long discharge time.
- Patent Document 3 in addition to a normal induction discharge type ignition control device, a DC-DC converter that injects ignition energy to the secondary side of the ignition coil, and an operation stop unit that stops the operation of the DC-DC converter, Disclosed is an internal combustion engine ignition control device provided with an operation stop canceling means for canceling an operation stop when a predetermined operating condition is detected.
- the present invention aims to provide an ignition control device for an internal combustion engine that is excellent in mountability and high in reliability.
- the ignition control device is configured to control the operation of the spark plug.
- the spark plug is provided so as to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
- the ignition control device of the present invention includes an ignition coil, a DC power supply, a first switching element, a second switching element, a third switching element, an energy storage coil, a capacitor, and a control unit. .
- the ignition coil includes a primary winding and a secondary winding.
- the secondary winding is connected to the spark plug.
- the ignition coil is configured such that a secondary current is generated in the secondary winding by increasing or decreasing a primary current (current flowing through the primary winding).
- an ungrounded output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to one end of the primary winding so that the primary current flows through the primary winding.
- the first switching element has a first control terminal, a first power supply side terminal, and a first ground side terminal.
- the first switching element is a semiconductor switching element, and based on a first control signal input to the first control terminal, an energization between the first power supply side terminal and the first ground side terminal is performed. It is configured to control on / off.
- the first power supply side terminal is connected to the other end side of the primary winding.
- the first ground side terminal is connected to the ground side.
- the second switching element has a second control terminal, a second power supply side terminal, and a second ground side terminal.
- the second switching element is a semiconductor switching element, and based on a second control signal input to the second control terminal, an energization between the second power supply side terminal and the second ground side terminal is performed. It is configured to control on / off.
- the second ground side terminal is connected to the other end side of the primary winding.
- the third switching element has a third control terminal, a third power supply side terminal, and a third ground side terminal.
- the third switching element is a semiconductor switching element, and based on a third control signal input to the third control terminal, an energization between the third power supply side terminal and the third ground side terminal is performed. It is configured to control on / off.
- the third power supply side terminal is connected to the second power supply side terminal in the second switching element.
- the third ground side terminal is connected to the ground side.
- the energy storage coil is an inductor provided to store energy when the third switching element is turned on.
- the energy storage coil is interposed in a power line that connects the non-grounded output terminal of the DC power supply and the third power supply side terminal of the third switching element.
- the capacitor is connected in series with the energy storage coil between the non-grounded output terminal of the DC power source and the grounded side. This capacitor is provided so as to store energy generated when the third switching element is turned off.
- the control unit is provided to control the second switching element and the third switching element. Specifically, the control unit releases stored energy from the capacitor during ignition discharge of the spark plug (which is started by turning off the first switching element) (this is the second switching element).
- the switching elements are controlled so as to supply the primary current to the primary winding from the other end side.
- the control unit is configured to change the amount of stored energy from the capacitor or the amount of discharge from the capacitor in accordance with the operating state of the internal combustion engine. Is to control.
- the first switching element When the first switching element is turned off while energy is stored in the capacitor and the second switching element and the third switching element are turned off, the first winding has been passed through the primary winding until then.
- the primary current is suddenly interrupted.
- a high voltage is generated in the primary winding of the ignition coil, and the high voltage is further boosted in the secondary winding, so that a high voltage is generated in the spark plug and a discharge is generated.
- a large secondary current is generated in the secondary winding.
- the ignition discharge is started by the spark plug.
- discharge current the secondary current
- the stored energy is released from the capacitor by turning on the second switching element during the ignition discharge.
- Such emitted energy is supplied to the primary winding from the other end side.
- the primary current flows.
- an additional portion accompanying the flow of the primary current is superimposed on the discharge current that has been flowing so far.
- the discharge current is ensured satisfactorily to such an extent that the ignition discharge can be maintained.
- the energy storage state in the capacitor is controlled by turning on and off the second switching element and the third switching element. Specifically, the amount of energy stored in the capacitor is controlled by turning on and off the third switching element while the second switching element is off. Further, the state of flow of the secondary current during the ignition discharge is appropriately controlled by adjusting the amount of stored energy released from the capacitor by turning on and off the second switching element.
- the control unit is configured to change the amount of stored energy from the capacitor or the amount of discharge according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine.
- the third switching element is controlled. Therefore, it is possible to satisfactorily control the flow state of the secondary current corresponding to the flow state of the gas in the cylinder so that so-called “blown out” does not occur.
- the occurrence of so-called “blown out” and the resulting loss of ignition energy are satisfactorily suppressed by a simple device configuration.
- energy is input at a lower pressure than when energy is input from the secondary winding side. It becomes possible to do.
- the efficiency is deteriorated due to an inflow current to the DC power supply.
- the present invention since energy is input from the low-voltage side of the primary winding, there is an excellent effect that energy can be input most easily and efficiently.
- An ignition control device includes at least a DC power supply, a booster circuit that boosts the power supply voltage of the DC power supply, and a secondary winding by increasing / decreasing a current of a primary winding connected to the booster circuit.
- An ignition coil that generates a high secondary voltage on the wire, and an ignition switching element that switches between supply and cut-off of current to the primary winding in accordance with an ignition signal transmitted in accordance with the operating state of the engine
- Ignition control device configured to control operation of a spark plug connected to a secondary winding and generating a spark discharge in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine by application of a secondary voltage from the secondary winding
- the booster circuit is configured to supply energy for maintaining a discharge only for a predetermined discharge period after a predetermined delay time has elapsed after the spark plug starts to be discharged by opening and closing the ignition switching element.
- auxiliary power source for increasing the current flowing in the secondary winding by superimposing discharging and stopping at a connection point between the primary winding and the ignition switching element
- auxiliary power source An auxiliary opening / closing element for switching the stop of discharge from the engine, an auxiliary opening / closing element driving circuit for opening / closing the auxiliary opening / closing element, and driving of the auxiliary opening / closing element according to an engine parameter indicating an operating state of the internal combustion engine
- a delay time calculation unit that starts the operation with a predetermined delay time from the fall of the ignition signal.
- the delay time calculation unit includes engine speed, intake pressure, accelerator opening, crank angle, engine water temperature, EGR rate, air-fuel ratio, ignition coil primary voltage, primary current, secondary voltage, secondary
- the auxiliary element The delay time for starting the opening / closing drive is increased, and the delay time for starting the opening / closing drive of the auxiliary opening / closing element is shortened as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is increased or the load of the internal combustion engine is increased.
- the delay time calculation unit calculates an appropriate delay time and discharge period according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine, and adjusts the opening / closing timing of the auxiliary opening / closing element. Therefore, it is possible to increase or decrease the energy input from the auxiliary power source to the spark plug, and it is possible to reliably maintain the discharge while suppressing waste of the input energy and realize stable ignition.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an engine system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the ignition control device shown in FIG. 1.
- movement description of the ignition control apparatus shown by FIG. The block diagram which shows the outline
- FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the effect of the present invention in a low-rotation, low-load operation state as Example 2.
- the characteristic view of the conventional ignition control apparatus which shows the problem in the driving
- FIG. 3 the characteristic figure which shows the effect of this invention in the driving
- the block diagram which shows the outline
- an engine system 10 includes an engine 11 that is a spark ignition type internal combustion engine.
- a cylinder 11b and a water jacket 11c are formed inside an engine block 11a constituting the main body of the engine 11.
- the cylinder 11b is provided so as to accommodate the piston 12 so as to be capable of reciprocating.
- the water jacket 11c is a space through which a cooling liquid (also referred to as cooling water) can flow, and is provided so as to surround the cylinder 11b.
- the intake port 13 and the exhaust port 14 are formed in the cylinder head at the upper part of the engine block 11a so as to communicate with the cylinder 11b.
- the cylinder head has an intake valve 15 for controlling the communication state between the intake port 13 and the cylinder 11b, an exhaust valve 16 for controlling the communication state between the exhaust port 14 and the cylinder 11b, and an intake valve 15 And a valve drive mechanism 17 for opening and closing the exhaust valve 16 at a predetermined timing.
- an injector 18 and a spark plug 19 are attached to the engine block 11a.
- the injector 18 is provided so as to inject fuel directly into the cylinder 11b.
- the spark plug 19 is provided to ignite the fuel mixture in the cylinder 11b.
- a supply / exhaust mechanism 20 is connected to the engine 11.
- the supply / exhaust mechanism 20 is provided with three types of gas passages: an intake pipe 21 (including an intake manifold 21a and a surge tank 21b), an exhaust pipe 22, and an EGR passage 23.
- the intake manifold 21 a is connected to the intake port 13.
- the surge tank 21b is disposed upstream of the intake manifold 21a in the intake air flow direction.
- the exhaust pipe 22 is connected to the exhaust port 14.
- the EGR passage 23 is provided so that a part of the exhaust gas discharged to the exhaust pipe 22 can be introduced into the intake air by connecting the exhaust pipe 22 and the surge tank 21b (EGR is an abbreviation of Exhaust Gas Recirculation). is there).
- An EGR control valve 24 is interposed in the EGR passage 23.
- the EGR control valve 24 is provided so as to be able to control the EGR rate (the mixing ratio of exhaust gas in the pre-combustion gas sucked into the cylinder 11b) by the opening degree.
- a throttle valve 25 is interposed in the intake pipe 21 upstream of the surge tank 21b in the intake air flow direction.
- the opening degree of the throttle valve 25 is controlled by the operation of a throttle actuator 26 such as a DC motor.
- a throttle actuator 26 such as a DC motor.
- an air flow control valve 27 for generating a swirl flow or a tumble flow is provided in the vicinity of the intake port 13.
- the engine system 10 is provided with an ignition control device 30.
- the ignition control device 30 is configured to control the operation of the spark plug 19 (that is, to perform ignition control in the engine 11).
- the ignition control device 30 includes an ignition circuit unit 31 and an electronic control unit 32.
- the ignition circuit unit 31 is configured to cause the spark plug 19 to generate spark discharge for igniting the fuel mixture in the cylinder 11b.
- the electronic control unit 32 is a so-called engine ECU (ECU is an abbreviation for Electronic Control Unit), and the operating state of the engine 11 (hereinafter referred to as “engine parameter”) acquired based on the outputs of various sensors such as the rotational speed sensor 33. The operation of each part including the injector 18 and the ignition circuit unit 31 is controlled in accordance with.
- the electronic control unit 32 generates and outputs an ignition signal IGt and an energy input period signal IGw based on the acquired engine parameters.
- the ignition signal IGt and the energy input period signal IGw are the optimum ignition timing and discharge current according to the state of the gas in the cylinder 11b and the required output of the engine 11 (which changes according to the engine parameters). (Ignition discharge current) is defined. Since these signals are already known or well known, further detailed description of these signals will be omitted in this specification (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2002-168170 and 2007 if necessary). No.-211631, etc.).
- Rotational speed sensor 33 is a sensor for detecting (acquiring) engine rotational speed (also referred to as engine rotational speed) Ne.
- the rotational speed sensor 33 is mounted on the engine block 11a so as to generate a pulse-like output corresponding to the rotational angle of a crankshaft (not shown) that rotates with the reciprocating motion of the piston 12.
- the cooling water temperature sensor 34 is a sensor for detecting (acquiring) the cooling water temperature Tw, which is the temperature of the coolant flowing through the water jacket 11c, and is attached to the engine block 11a.
- the air flow meter 35 is a sensor for detecting (acquiring) an intake air amount Ga (mass flow rate of intake air introduced into the cylinder 11b through the intake pipe 21).
- the air flow meter 35 is attached to the intake pipe 21 upstream of the throttle valve 25 in the intake air flow direction.
- the intake pressure sensor 36 is a sensor for detecting (acquiring) intake pressure Pa, which is the pressure in the intake pipe 21, and is attached to the surge tank 21b.
- the throttle opening sensor 37 is a sensor that generates an output corresponding to the opening of the throttle valve 25 (throttle opening THA), and is built in the throttle actuator 26.
- the accelerator position sensor 38 is provided so as to generate an output corresponding to an accelerator operation amount (accelerator operation amount ACCP) (not shown).
- the ignition circuit unit 31 includes an ignition coil 311 (including a primary winding 311a and a secondary winding 311b), a DC power supply 312, a first switching element 313, a second switching element 314, A third switching element 315, an energy storage coil 316, a capacitor 317, diodes 318a, 318b and 318c, and a driver circuit 319 are provided.
- the ignition coil 311 includes the primary winding 311a and the secondary winding 311b. As is well known, the ignition coil 311 is configured to generate a secondary current in the secondary winding 311b by increasing or decreasing the primary current flowing through the primary winding 311a.
- a non-grounded output terminal (specifically a + terminal) in the DC power supply 312 is connected to a high voltage side terminal (which may also be referred to as a non-grounded side terminal) which is one end of the primary winding 311a.
- the low voltage side terminal (which may also be referred to as a ground side terminal) side which is the other end of the primary winding 311 a is connected to the ground side via the first switching element 313. That is, the DC power supply 312 is provided so that when the first switching element 313 is turned on, a primary current flows in the direction from the high-voltage side terminal side to the low-voltage side terminal side in the primary winding 311a. ing.
- the high voltage side terminal (which may also be referred to as a non-ground side terminal) side of the secondary winding 311b is connected to the high voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a via a diode 318a.
- the diode 318a prohibits the flow of current in the direction from the high-voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a to the high-voltage side terminal side of the secondary winding 311b, and spark plugs the secondary current (discharge current).
- the anode is connected to the high voltage side terminal side of the secondary winding 311b so as to define the direction from 19 to the secondary winding 311b (that is, the current I2 in the figure has a negative value).
- the low voltage side terminal (which may also be referred to as a ground side terminal) side of the secondary winding 311 b is connected to the spark plug 19.
- the first switching element 313 is an IGBT (IGBT is an abbreviation of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), which is a MOS gate structure transistor, and includes a first control terminal 313G, a first power supply side terminal 313C, a first ground side terminal 313E, ,have.
- the first switching element 313 controls on / off of energization between the first power supply side terminal 313C and the first ground side terminal 313E based on the first control signal IGa input to the first control terminal 313G. It is configured.
- the first power supply side terminal 313C is connected to the low voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a.
- the first ground side terminal 313E is connected to the ground side.
- the second switching element 314 is a MOSFET (MOSFET is an abbreviation of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and has a second control terminal 314G, a second power supply side terminal 314D, and a second ground side terminal 314S. ing.
- the second switching element 314 controls on / off of energization between the second power supply side terminal 314D and the second ground side terminal 314S based on the second control signal IGb input to the second control terminal 314G. It is configured.
- the second ground side terminal 314S is connected to the low voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a via the diode 318b.
- the diode 318b has an anode connected to the second ground side terminal so as to allow current to flow from the second ground side terminal 314S of the second switching element 314 toward the low voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a. 314S is connected.
- the third switching element 315 is an IGBT which is a MOS gate structure transistor, and has a third control terminal 315G, a third power supply side terminal 315C, and a third ground side terminal 315E.
- the third switching element 315 controls on / off of energization between the third power supply side terminal 315C and the third ground side terminal 315E based on the third control signal IGc input to the third control terminal 315G. It is configured.
- the third switching element 315 may be a power transistor other than the IGBT, such as a thyristor.
- the third power supply side terminal 315C is connected to the second power supply side terminal 314D of the second switching element 314 via the diode 318c.
- the diode 318c has an anode on the third power supply side so as to allow current to flow from the third power supply side terminal 315C in the third switching element 315 to the second power supply side terminal 314D in the second switching element 314. It is connected to the terminal 315C.
- the third ground side terminal 315E of the third switching element 315 is connected to the ground side.
- the energy storage coil 316 is an inductor provided to store energy when the third switching element 315 is turned on.
- the energy storage coil 316 is interposed in a power line that connects the above-described non-grounded output terminal of the DC power supply 312 and the third power supply terminal 315C of the third switching element 315.
- the capacitor 317 is connected in series with the energy storage coil 316 between the ground side and the above-described non-ground side output terminal of the DC power supply 312. That is, the capacitor 317 is connected in parallel with the third switching element 315 with respect to the energy storage coil 316.
- the capacitor 317 is provided to store energy when the third switching element 315 is turned off.
- the driver circuit 319 constituting the “control unit” of the present invention is connected to the electronic control unit 32 so as to receive the engine parameter, the ignition signal IGt, and the energy input period signal IGw output from the electronic control unit 32. .
- the driver circuit 319 is connected to the first control terminal 313G, the second control terminal 314G, and the third control terminal 315G so as to control the first switching element 313, the second switching element 314, and the third switching element 315.
- the driver circuit 319 generates a first control signal IGa, a second control signal IGb, and a third control signal IGc based on the received ignition signal IGt and energy input period signal IGw, respectively, as a first control terminal 313G and a second control signal IGc. It is provided to output to the control terminal 314G and the third control terminal 315G.
- the driver circuit 319 releases stored energy from the capacitor 317 during the ignition discharge of the spark plug 19 (which is started by turning off the first switching element 313) (this is the second switching element 314).
- Each switching element is controlled to supply a primary current to the primary winding 311a from the low voltage side terminal side of the primary winding 311a.
- the driver circuit 319 controls the second switching element 314 and the third switching element 315 so that the amount of energy stored or discharged from the capacitor 317 can be varied according to the engine parameter. It is like that.
- the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2 is a positive value.
- the integrated value of the input energy from the start of supply (rise of the first second control signal IGb) during one ignition timing is shown.
- the ignition signal IGt, the energy input period signal IGw, the first control signal IGa, the second control signal IGb, and the third control signal IGc are “H” in the state of rising upward in the drawing and falling downward. It is assumed that the status is “L”.
- the electronic control unit 32 controls the operation of each part in the engine system 10 including the injector 18 and the ignition circuit unit 31 according to the engine parameters acquired based on the outputs of various sensors such as the rotation speed sensor 33.
- the ignition control will be described in detail.
- the electronic control unit 32 generates an ignition signal IGt and an energy input period signal IGw based on the acquired engine parameter. Then, the electronic control unit 32 outputs the generated ignition signal IGt, energy input period signal IGw, and engine parameters to the driver circuit 319.
- the driver circuit 319 When the driver circuit 319 receives the ignition signal IGt, the energy input period signal IGw, and the engine parameter output from the electronic control unit 32, the first control signal for controlling on / off of the first switching element 313 based on these signals.
- the second control signal IGb for controlling on / off of the second switching element 314 and the third control signal IGc for controlling on / off of the third switching element 315 are output.
- the first control signal IGa is the same as the ignition signal IGt. For this reason, the driver circuit 319 outputs the received ignition signal IGt as it is toward the first control terminal 313G in the first switching element 313.
- the second control signal IGb is generated based on the received energy input period signal IGw. Therefore, the driver circuit 319 generates the second control signal IGb based on the received energy input period signal IGw, and outputs the second control signal IGb toward the second control terminal 314G in the second switching element 314. To do.
- the second control signal IGb is a rectangular wave pulse-shaped signal having a constant cycle and on-duty ratio (1: 1) that is repeatedly output while the energy input period signal IGw is at the H level. It is.
- the third control signal IGc is generated based on the received ignition signal IGt and engine parameters. Therefore, the driver circuit 319 generates the third control signal IGc based on the received ignition signal IGt and the engine parameter, and directs the third control signal IGc toward the third control terminal 315G in the third switching element 315. Output.
- the third control signal IGc is repeatedly output while the ignition signal IGt is at the H level, a rectangular wave pulse shape with a constant cycle and a variable on-duty ratio based on the engine parameters. Signal.
- the first switching element 313 is turned on by correspondingly raising the first control signal IGa to H level. (At this time, since the energy input period signal IGw is at the L level, the second switching element 314 is off). Thereby, the flow of the primary current in the primary winding 311a starts.
- the rectangular wave-shaped third control signal IGc is input to the third control terminal 315G in the third switching element 315. Then, the voltage Vdc rises stepwise during the off period after the third switching element 315 is turned on (that is, during the L level period in the third control signal IGc).
- the ignition coil 311 is charged and the energy is stored in the capacitor 317 via the energy storage coil 316 during the time t1 to t2 when the ignition signal IGt rises to the H level. This energy storage is completed by time t2.
- the stored energy of the capacitor 317 is released from the capacitor 317, and the above-mentioned input energy is supplied to the primary winding 311a from the low voltage side terminal side. Thereby, the primary current resulting from the input energy flows during the ignition discharge.
- the additional amount accompanying the flow of the primary current due to the input energy is superimposed on the discharge current that has been flowing between the times t2 and t3.
- the superimposition (addition) of the temporary current is performed every time the second switching element 314 is turned on after time t3 (until t4). That is, as shown in FIG. 3, each time the second control signal IGb rises, the primary current (I1) is sequentially added by the energy stored in the capacitor 317.
- the discharge current (I2) is Added sequentially. Thereby, the discharge current is ensured satisfactorily to such an extent that ignition discharge can be maintained.
- the time interval between the times t2 and t3 is appropriately determined by the electronic control unit 32 based on the engine rotational speed Ne and the intake air amount Ga so that the so-called “blown out” does not occur ( Shall be set (using a map etc.).
- the energy storage state in the capacitor 317 during the time t1-t2 when the ignition signal IGt rises to the H level can be controlled by the on-duty ratio of the third control signal IGc.
- the input energy every time the second switching element 314 is turned on also increases.
- a high load or high rotation operation condition in which so-called “blown out” is likely to occur intake pressure Pa: high, engine rotation speed Ne: high, throttle opening THA: high, EGR rate: high, empty
- the on-duty ratio of the third control signal IGc is set higher as the fuel ratio becomes leaner.
- energy is input from the low voltage side terminal side (first switching 313 side) of the primary winding 311a, compared to when energy is input from the secondary winding 311b side. It is possible to input energy at a low pressure.
- energy is input from the high voltage side terminal of the primary winding 311a at a voltage higher than the voltage of the DC power supply 312, the efficiency deteriorates due to the current flowing into the DC power supply 312.
- the configuration of the present embodiment as described above, since energy is input from the low voltage side terminal side in the primary winding 311a, it is possible to input energy most easily and efficiently. effective.
- the present invention is not limited to the specific configuration exemplified in the above embodiment. That is, for example, some functional blocks of the electronic control unit 32 can be integrated with the driver circuit 319. Alternatively, the driver circuit 319 can be divided for each switching element. In this case, when the first control signal IGa is the ignition signal IGt, the ignition signal IGt is directly output from the electronic control unit 32 to the first control terminal 313G in the first switching element 313 without passing through the driver circuit 319. Also good.
- the IGa signal and the IGc signal do not necessarily have to match.
- the driver circuit 319 may first create and output only the IGc signal in synchronization with the rise of the IGt signal, and output the IGa signal with a slight delay. That is, the IGa signal may be delayed from the IGc signal. Thereby, the energy stored in the capacitor 317 can be increased.
- the IGc signal may be delayed from the IGa signal.
- the present invention is not limited to the specific operation exemplified in the above embodiment. That is, for example, it is arbitrarily selected from the above-described intake pressure Pa, engine speed Ne, throttle opening THA, EGR rate, air-fuel ratio, and other engine parameters such as intake air amount Ga and accelerator operation amount ACCP. What has been done can be used as a parameter for control. Further, instead of the engine parameter, other information that can be used to generate the second control signal IGb and the third control signal IGc may be output from the electronic control unit 32 to the driver circuit 319.
- the waveform of the energy input period signal IGw (the rising timing of t3 and / or the period between t3-t4 in FIG. 3 and the like)
- the input energy may be variable.
- the electronic control unit 32 instead of or together with the driver circuit 319, corresponds to the “control unit” of the present invention.
- the ignition control device 507 of the present invention is provided for each cylinder of an internal combustion engine 508 (not shown), and performs ignition by generating a spark discharge in the air-fuel mixture introduced into the combustion chamber.
- the ignition control device 507 includes a booster circuit 501, an auxiliary power source 502, an ignition switching element 503, an ignition coil 504, and an engine control device 506 (hereinafter referred to as ECU 506) provided outside. ing.
- the booster circuit 501 includes an energy storage inductor 511 (hereinafter referred to as an inductor 511) connected to a power supply 510, and a boost switching element 512 (hereinafter referred to as a booster) that switches between supply and interruption of current to the inductor 511 at a predetermined cycle. Element 512), a capacitor 515 connected in parallel to the inductor 511, a first rectifying element 514 for rectifying current from the inductor 511 to the capacitor 515, and a primary winding 540 of the ignition coil 504. That is, a so-called flyback type booster circuit is formed.
- the DC power supply 510 (hereinafter referred to as the power supply 510) uses a vehicle-mounted battery, a known DC stabilized power supply obtained by converting the AC power supply using a regulator or the like, and supplies a constant DC voltage such as 12V or 24V, for example. .
- a so-called flyback type booster circuit is used as the booster circuit 501
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a so-called chopper type booster circuit can also be used.
- a coil with a core having a predetermined inductance (L0, for example, 5 to 50 ⁇ H) is used.
- a power transistor such as a thyristor or IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) is used.
- a boosting element driving driver (hereinafter referred to as a driver 513) is connected to the boosting element 512.
- An ignition signal IGt is transmitted to the driver 513 from an engine control device 506 (hereinafter referred to as ECU 506) in accordance with the operating condition of the engine.
- the driver 513 In accordance with the ignition signal IGt, the driver 513 generates a drive pulse VGS that switches between high and low at a predetermined cycle for a predetermined period at a predetermined timing.
- the drive pulse VGS is applied from the driver 513 to the gate G of the boosting element 512, and the boosting element 512 is switched on and off.
- capacitor 515 a capacitor having a predetermined capacitance (C, for example, 100 to 1000 ⁇ F) is used.
- a diode is used for the rectifying element 514 to prevent a backflow of current from the capacitor 515 to the inductor 511.
- the ignition coil 504 includes a primary winding 540 obtained by winding a coil wire material N1 times, a secondary winding 541 via N2 turns, a coil core 542, a diode 543, and the like.
- the voltage of the power source 510 is applied to the primary winding 540 of the ignition coil 504, and the current flowing through the primary winding 540 is increased or decreased to obtain the secondary voltage V2 in the secondary winding 541.
- a high voltage (for example, ⁇ 20 to ⁇ 50 kV) determined by N1 is generated.
- a power transistor PTr such as a MOS FET or IGBT is used for the ignition opening / closing element 503 (hereinafter referred to as the ignition element 503).
- the ignition element 503 switches between supply and interruption of the current to the primary winding 540 in accordance with the ignition signal IGt transmitted from the ECU 506 according to the operating state of the engine.
- the magnetic field changes abruptly, and an extremely high secondary voltage V2 is generated in the secondary winding 541 by electromagnetic induction, and the ignition plug 505 is applied.
- the auxiliary power source 502 includes an auxiliary opening / closing element 520 (hereinafter referred to as an auxiliary element 520) interposed between the capacitor 515 and the primary winding 540, and an auxiliary opening / closing device that drives the auxiliary element 520.
- An element driving circuit 521 (hereinafter referred to as a driver 521) includes a second rectifying element 522, a power source 510, an inductor 511, and a capacitor 515.
- the driver 521 in this embodiment includes a delay time calculation unit 210 that is a main part of the present invention.
- the delay time calculation unit 210 delays the driving start of the auxiliary element 520 from the end position (falling) of the ignition signal IGt according to the engine parameter EPr indicating the operating state of the internal combustion engine E / G by an interpolation method described later.
- the delay time Td and the discharge period TDC are calculated.
- the driver 521 includes a timer that counts the delay time Td and the discharge period TDC in synchronization with the fall of the ignition signal IGt.
- Discharge is started by the application of the secondary voltage V2 from the ignition coil 504, and after the predetermined delay time Td calculated by the delay time calculation unit 210 has elapsed, the driver 521 supplies the auxiliary element 520 for a predetermined discharge period TDC.
- a drive pulse VGS for driving is output.
- the auxiliary power source 502 starts to discharge the spark plug 505 by opening and closing the ignition switching element 503, and then, after a predetermined delay time Td has elapsed, should supply energy for maintaining the discharge for a predetermined discharge period TDC.
- the current flowing through the secondary winding 541 can be increased by superimposing and stopping the discharge from the booster circuit 501 at the connection point between the primary winding 540 and the ignition switch 503.
- the discharge energy from the auxiliary power source 502 is input, and the discharge from the auxiliary power source 502 and the stop are performed in a superimposed manner, so that the second current flowing in the secondary winding 541 is increased.
- the secondary current I2 can be increased.
- a power transistor having high responsiveness such as a MOSFET is used.
- a diode is used for the second rectifying element 522 and rectifies the current supplied from the capacitor 515 to the primary winding 540.
- the engine parameter EPr for example, one or more parameters selected from the engine speed Ne, the intake pressure PIN, the accelerator opening degree Th, the crank angle CA, the engine water temperature Tw, the EGR rate, the air-fuel ratio A / F, and the like are used. . Energy is input by interpolating the delay time Td and the discharge period TDC according to a map which will be described later so that the operating condition of the internal combustion engine can be grasped from the engine parameter EPr and the occurrence of blowout can be prevented.
- an unillustrated operation status check provided in the internal combustion engine 508 such as an engine rotation sensor, an intake pressure sensor, an accelerator opening meter, a crank angle sensor, an engine water temperature gauge, an EGR sensor, an A / F sensor, etc.
- the engine parameter EPr detected by the unit 509 is indirectly transmitted to the delay time calculation unit 210 via the ECU 506, information from the driving status confirmation unit 509 is directly transmitted to the delay time calculation unit 210. You may comprise so that it may input.
- the primary coil voltage V1 and current I1 which are highly correlated with the combustion state of the engine, and the secondary coil discharge voltage V2 and current I2 may be added to the parameters.
- the auxiliary power supply is delayed by an appropriate delay time Td according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine. It has been found that by inputting energy from 502, more stable ignition can be realized with energy saving. In addition, since energy is input from the primary winding 540 of the ignition coil 504, it is possible to input energy at a lower voltage than when the energy is input from the secondary winding 541 side.
- the operation of the ignition control device 507 of the present invention shown as the first embodiment with reference to FIG. 6A does not have the delay time calculation unit 210 which is the main part of the present invention shown as the first comparative example with reference to FIG. 6B.
- the problem of will be described.
- an ignition signal IGt is transmitted from the ECU 506.
- the boosting element 512 is repeatedly turned on and off in a predetermined cycle in synchronization with the rising of the ignition signal IGt.
- the ignition element 503 is turned on. It becomes.
- the capacitor 515 is charged with electric energy from the inductor 511, and the charge / discharge voltage Vdc gradually increases as shown in FIG.
- the driving of the boosting element 512 is stopped, and at the same time, the ignition element 503 is also stopped.
- the delay time Td is immediately before the secondary current I2 falls below the limit current IREF that causes blowout.
- the energy input at the initial stage of discharge can be suppressed, and the secondary current I2 can be reduced with a minimum amount of energy even in the late stage of discharge when it is difficult to maintain the input energy near the limit current.
- the blowout limit current IREF can be maintained, the discharge path can be maintained and the ignitability can be improved.
- the secondary current I2 is proportional to the amount of energy supplied from the auxiliary power source 502, the secondary current I2 can be appropriately increased / decreased within a range where blowout does not occur depending on the engine conditions, and can be adjusted by map data described later.
- Comparative Example 1 a problem when the delay time calculation unit 210, which is a main part of the present invention, shown as the comparative example 1 is not used will be described.
- the delay time calculation unit 210 is not provided, and according to the discharge period signal IGw transmitted from the ECU 506, energy is quickly supplied from the auxiliary power source 502 after the start of discharge. This is different from the first embodiment.
- Comparative Example 1 shows a case where the secondary current I2 is input with energy before the blow-off limit current IREF falls below the IGw signal. In this case, it is possible to maintain the discharge as shown in FIG. 6 (i), but it has been found that excessive input energy exceeding the blow-off limit causes waste of input energy and acceleration of electrode consumption.
- step S100 it is determined whether or not the ignition signal IGt transmitted from the ECU 506 has risen in accordance with the operation status of the internal combustion engine 508. If the ignition signal IGt is off, the determination is No, and step S100 is repeated until the rising of the ignition signal IGt is detected. If the rising of the ignition signal IGt is detected, the determination becomes Yes, and the process proceeds to step S110.
- step S110 the ignition element 503 is turned on. At the same time, the process proceeds to a step of starting boosting element drive in step S120, and the opening / closing drive of the boosting element 512 is started.
- step S130 it is determined whether or not the ignition signal IGt has fallen. Until the falling of the ignition signal IGt is detected, the determination is No and step S130 is repeated.
- step S140 the ignition element stop process in step S140, the ignition element 503 is turned off.
- the process proceeds to the step 150 for stopping the boosting element, and the boosting element 512 is also turned off.
- a sudden change in the current flowing through the primary winding 540 of the ignition coil 504 occurs, an extremely high secondary voltage V2 is generated on the secondary winding 541 side by electromagnetic induction, and insulation between the electrodes of the ignition plug 505 is prevented. It is destroyed and discharge begins.
- step S160 it is determined whether or not the delay time Td that has started counting in synchronization with the fall of the ignition signal IGt has elapsed. Until the delay time Td elapses, the determination is No and step S160 is repeated. That is, the start of auxiliary energy input from the auxiliary power source 502 is on standby until the delay time Td elapses. When the count of the delay time Td is increased, the determination is Yes and the process proceeds to step S170. In the auxiliary element driving process in step S170, the drive signal VGS is applied from the driver 521 to the auxiliary element 520, and the auxiliary element 520 is turned on. While the auxiliary element 520 is on, energy for maintaining discharge is continuously supplied from the boosting capacitor 515.
- step S180 it is determined whether or not the discharge period TDC that has started counting in synchronization with the falling of the ignition signal IGt has elapsed. Until the discharge period TDC elapses, the determination is No and step S180 is repeated.
- step S190 the driving of the auxiliary element 520 is stopped and the input of energy from the auxiliary power source 502 is ended. Note that the delay time Td and the discharge period TDC are interpolated to values according to the driving situation by an interpolation method described later.
- map data as shown in FIG. 8A is stored in the delay time calculation unit 210 or the ECU 506, and the length of the delay time Td is determined according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine determined from the engine parameter EPr. And interpolated in the control flow described above.
- the map data as shown in FIG. 8B is stored in the delay time calculation unit 210 or the ECU 506, and the length of the discharge period TDC is determined according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine determined from the engine parameter EPr. And interpolated in the control flow described above. For example, when the engine speed Ne is low and the intake pressure PIN is also low, ignition is easy, so a value with a short discharge period TDC is selected. On the contrary, when the engine speed Ne is high and the intake pressure PIN is also high, ignition is difficult, so a value with a longer discharge period TDC is selected. As a result, the energy input period from the auxiliary power source 502 is shortened in the easily ignitable operating condition, and the power consumption is reduced. In the difficult ignition condition, the energy input period from the auxiliary power source 502 is reduced. And the secondary current I2 is maintained.
- the discharge delay time Td is shortened and the discharge period TDC is lengthened.
- the discharge delay time Td is set. Stable ignition can also be achieved by shortening the discharge period TDC.
- FIG. 9A is a characteristic diagram showing a problem when ignition is performed under low-rotation and low-load operating conditions in a conventional ignition control device not provided with the present invention as Comparative Example 2. If the discharge path formed in the spark plug 505 is extended by the in-cylinder airflow flowing in the combustion chamber in the later stage of the discharge, the discharge voltage rises, and the secondary current I2 may be momentarily interrupted, leading to a misfire.
- FIG. 10A is a characteristic diagram showing a problem when ignition is performed under high-rotation and high-load operating conditions in a conventional ignition control device not provided with the present invention, which is shown as Comparative Example 3.
- Comparative Example 3 blowout occurs earlier than Comparative Example 2 due to the strong in-cylinder airflow, the number of blowouts is large, energy consumption due to re-discharge is large, and the risk of misfire is further increased.
- FIG. 10B shows an auxiliary power source because when the ignition control device of the present invention shown as Example 3 is used to ignite under high-rotation and high-load operating conditions, the discharge is likely to blow out early.
- the delay time Td for delaying the discharge from 502 is shortened, the discharge from the auxiliary power source 502 is started early, and the discharge period TDC is lengthened.
- the delay time Td from the fall of the ignition signal IGt to the start of opening / closing driving of the auxiliary opening / closing element 520 as the rotational speed Ne of the internal combustion engine 508 or the load (intake pressure PIN) of the internal combustion engine 8 is lower.
- the delay time Td until the opening / closing drive of the auxiliary opening / closing element 520 is started is shortened as the rotational speed Ne of the internal combustion engine 508 is increased or the load (intake pressure PIN) of the internal combustion engine 508 is increased. Is desirable.
- the engine parameter EPr indicating the operation status of the internal combustion engine is not limited to the rotational speed Ne and the intake pressure PIN. It can be appropriately selected from the above parameters.
- the ignition control apparatus 507a in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
- the delay time calculation unit 210 is provided in the driver 521.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the delay time Td and the discharge period TDC are transmitted to the driver 521a in a superimposed manner with the ignition signal IGt as a result of calculation in the ECU 506.
- energy can be input from the auxiliary power source 502 without excess or deficiency in accordance with the operation status of the internal combustion engine, thereby achieving both stable ignition and suppression of power consumption. be able to.
- an ignition control device 507b according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- detection is performed by an unillustrated operating state confirmation unit 509 provided in the internal combustion engine 508 such as an engine rotation sensor, an intake pressure sensor, an accelerator opening meter, a crank angle sensor, and an engine water temperature gauge.
- the primary data detector 211 that detects the primary voltage V1 of the ignition coil 504 is provided, and the change of the secondary voltage V2 from the primary voltage V1 is shown. The difference is that the prediction is performed and this is fed back to the delay time calculator 210b to calculate the delay time Td and the discharge time TDC. Also in this embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment can be exhibited.
- a change in the secondary voltage may be predicted from the primary current, or the change may be predicted by measuring the secondary voltage V2 or the secondary current I2 and used for control.
- Ignition control device 31 ... Ignition circuit unit 32 ... Electronic control unit 311 ... Ignition coils 311a, 540 ... Primary winding Line (L1) 311b, 541 ... Secondary winding (L2) 312, 510 ... DC power supply 313 ... first switching element 313C ... first power supply side terminal 313E ... first ground side terminal 313G ... first control terminal 314 ... second switching element 314D ... second power supply side terminal 314G ... second control terminal 314S ... second ground side terminal 315 ... third switching element 315C ... third power supply side terminal 315E ...
- Rectifying element 506 ... Engine control unit (ECU) IGa ... first control signal IGb ... second control signal IGc ... third control signal IGt ... ignition signal IGw ... discharge period signal, energy input period signal EPr ... engine parameter Td. .... Delay time TDC ... Discharge period V1 ... Primary voltage V2 ... Secondary voltage I2 ... Secondary current
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Abstract
Description
図1~図4を参照して、本発明の第1の実施形態を説明する。この実施形態は点火制御装置に関する。
<エンジンシステムの構成>
図1を参照すると、エンジンシステム10は、火花点火式の内燃機関であるエンジン11を備えている。エンジン11の本体部を構成するエンジンブロック11aの内部には、気筒11b及びウォータージャケット11cが形成されている。気筒11bは、ピストン12を往復移動可能に収容するように設けられている。ウォータージャケット11cは、冷却液(冷却水ともいう)が通流可能な空間であって、気筒11bの周囲を取り囲むように設けられている。
図2を参照すると、点火回路ユニット31は、イグニッションコイル311(一次巻線311a及び二次巻線311bを含む)と、直流電源312と、第一スイッチング素子313と、第二スイッチング素子314と、第三スイッチング素子315と、エネルギ蓄積コイル316と、コンデンサ317と、ダイオード318a,318b及び318cと、ドライバ回路319と、を備えている。
以下、本実施形態の構成による動作(作用・効果)について説明する。図3及び図4のタイムチャートにおいて、「Vdc」はコンデンサ317の電圧、「I1」は一次電流、「I2」は二次電流、「P」はコンデンサ317から放出されて一次巻線311aに対してその低電圧側端子側から供給されるエネルギ(以下「投入エネルギ」と称する)、をそれぞれ示す。
以下、代表的な変形例について、幾つか例示する。以下の変形例の説明において、上述の実施形態にて説明されているものと同様の構成及び機能を有する部分に対しては、上述の実施形態と同様の符号が用いられ得るものとする。そして、かかる部分の説明については、技術的に矛盾しない範囲内において、上述の実施形態における説明が適宜援用され得るものとする。もっとも、言うまでもなく、変形例とて、以下に列挙されたものに限定されるものではない。また、上述の実施形態の一部、及び、複数の変形例の全部又は一部が、技術的に矛盾しない範囲内において、適宜、複合的に適用され得る。
次に、図5~図10を参照して、本発明の第2の実施形態を説明する。
図5を参照して、本発明の第2の実施形態における点火制御装置507の概要について説明する。
本発明の点火制御装置507は、図略の内燃機関508の気筒毎に設けられ、燃焼室内に導入された混合気に火花放電を発生させて点火を行うものである。
点火制御装置507は、昇圧回路501と、補助用電源502と、点火用開閉素子503と、点火コイル504と、外部に設けたエンジン制御装置506(以下、ECU506と称する。)と、によって構成されている。
直流電源510(以下、電源510と称する。)は、車載バッテリや、交流電源をレギュレータ等によって直流変換した公知の直流安定化電源等が用いられ、例えば12V、24Vといった一定の直流電圧を供給する。
本実施形態において、昇圧回路501には、いわゆるフライバック型の昇圧回路が用いられた例を示しているが、これに限定するものではなく、いわゆるチョパ型の昇圧回路を用いることもできる。
昇圧用素子512には、サイリスタ、IGBT(絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタ)等のパワートランジスタが用いられている。
昇圧用素子512には、昇圧素子駆動用ドライバ(以下、ドライバ513と称する。)が接続されている。
ドライバ513は、点火信号IGtにしたがって、所定のタイミングで所定の期間だけ、所定の周期でハイローが切り換えられる駆動パルスVGSを発生する。
ドライバ513から昇圧用素子512のゲートGに駆動パルスVGSが印加され、昇圧用素子512のオンオフが切り換えられる。
整流素子514には、ダイオードが用いられており、キャパシタ515からインダクタ511への電流の逆流を防止している。
点火コイル504は、コイル線材をN1回巻き回した一次巻線540、N2回巻き介した二次巻線541、コイルコア542、ダイオード543等によって構成されている。
点火コイル504の一次巻線540には、電源510の電圧が印加され、一次巻線540に流れる電流を増減することによって二次巻線541に二次電圧V2として、コイル巻き回数の比N2/N1によって定まる高い電圧(例えば、-20~―50kV)を発生する。
点火用素子503は、機関の運転状況に応じてECU506から発信された点火信号IGtにしたがって一次巻線540への電流の供給と遮断を切り換える。
点火用素子503のスイッチングにより、一次巻線540への導通が遮断されると、磁界が急激に変化し、電磁誘導によって、二次巻線541に極めて高い二次電圧V2が発生し、点火プラグ505に印加される。
本実施形態におけるドライバ521は、本発明の要部である遅延時間演算部210を具備している。
ドライバ521には、点火信号IGtの立ち下がりに同期して遅延時間Td及び、放電期間TDCをカウントするタイマが内蔵されている。
補助用電源502は、点火用開閉素子503の開閉によって、点火プラグ505の放電を開始した後、所定の遅延時間Tdを経過した後、所定の放電期間TDCだけ放電維持を図るエネルギを投入すべく、昇圧回路501からの放電と停止とを一次巻線540と点火用開閉素子503との接続点において重畳的に行うことによって、二次巻線541に流れる電流を増加させることができる。
補助用素子520には、MOSFET等の応答性が高い、パワートランジスタが用いられている。
第2の整流素子522には、ダイオードが用いられ、キャパシタ515から一次巻線540へ投入する電流を整流する。
エンジンパラメータEPrから、内燃機関の運転状況を把握し、吹き消え発生を防止できるような後述するマップにしたがって、遅延時間Td及び放電期間TDCが補間されエネルギが投入される。
なお、本実施形態においては、エンジン回転センサ、吸気圧センサ、アクセル開度計、クランク角センサ、エンジン水温計、EGRセンサ、A/Fセンサ等の内燃機関508に設けた図略の運転状況確認部509によって検出されたエンジンパラメータEPrが、ECU506を介して間接的に遅延時間演算部210に伝達される構成を示してあるが、運転状況確認部509からの情報を遅延時間演算部210に直接入力するように構成しても良い。更にはエンジンの燃焼状態と相関が高い一次コイル電圧V1や電流I1、二次コイルの放電電圧V2,電流I2をパラメータに加えてもよい。
このとき、遅延時間演算部210によって、点火コイル504からの二次電圧V2の印加により、放電が開始された後、内燃機関の運転状況に応じた適切な遅延時間Tdだけ遅れて、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入を行うことによって、省エネルギで、より安定した着火を実現できることが判明した。
また、点火コイル504の一次巻線540からエネルギを投入するため、二次巻線541側から投入する場合よりも、低電圧でエネルギを投入することができる。
図6A(a)に示すように、ECU506から点火信号IGtが発信される。本図(b)に示すように点火信号IGtの立ち上がりに同期して、所定の周期で昇圧用素子512のオンオフが繰り返され、同時に本図(c)に示すように、点火用素子503がオンとなる。
点火信号IGtの立ち下がりに同期して、昇圧用素子512の駆動は停止され、同時に点火用素子503も停止される。
二次電圧V2の印加により、点火プラグ505の電極間に放電が起こり、本図(h)に示すように、瞬間的に極めて大きな二次電流I2が流れる。
しかし、本発明においては、本図(d)に示すように、点火信号IGtの立ち下がりから所定の遅延時間td経過した後、所定の放電期間TDCの間、補助用素子520がオンとなり、本図(e)に示すように、高電圧に充電されたキャパシタ515からの放電が開始され、補助用電源502から本図(f)に示すように大きなエネルギの投入が図られる。
これにより、放電初期のエネルギ投入を抑えることができるとともに、投入用エネルギを限界電流近傍まで保持させることができ放電維持が困難となる放電後期においても、最小限のエネルギで、二次電流I2を吹き消え限界電流IREF以上に保てるため、放電経路の維持が図れ、着火性を向上できる。
なお、二次電流I2は、補助用電源502からのエネルギ供給量に比例するため、エンジン条件に応じて吹き消えを生じない範囲で適宜増減可能であり、後述するマップデータによって調整可能である。
比較例1は、遅延時間演算部210を設けておらず、ECU506から発信された放電期間信号IGwにしたがって、放電開始後、速やかに補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入が行われるようにした点が実施例1と相違する。
この場合、本図(i)に示すように放電維持を図ることができるが、吹き消え限界を超える余剰投入エネルギにより、投入エネルギの無駄、電極消耗促進が発生することが判明した。
なお、当該制御プログラムは、ドライバ521を構成する制御IC等に記憶させることができる。
ステップS100の起動判定行程では、内燃機関508の運転状況にしたがって、ECU506から発信された点火信号IGtの立ち上がりの有無を判定する。
点火信号IGtがオフの場合は、判定Noとなり、点火信号IGtの立ち上がりを検出するまでステップS100を繰り返す。
点火信号IGtの立ち上がりが検出されると判定Yesとなり、ステップS110に進む。
同時にステップS120の昇圧用素子駆動開始行程に進み、昇圧用素子512の開閉駆動が開始される。
ステップS130の点火信号立ち下がり判定行程では、点火信号IGtの立ち下がりの有無を判定する。
点火信号IGtの立ち下がりを検出するまでは、判定Noとなり、ステップS130が繰り返される。
ステップS130で点火信号IGtの立ち下がりが検出されると、判定Yesとなり、ステップS140に進む。
ステップS140の点火用素子停止行程では、点火用素子503がオフとなる。
同時にステップ150の昇圧用素子停止行程に進み、昇圧用素子512もオフとなる。
これによって、点火コイル504の一次巻線540に流れる電流の急激な変化が起こり、電磁誘導によって二次巻線541側に高い極めて二次電圧V2が発生し、点火プラグ505の電極間の絶縁が破壊され、放電が開始される。
遅延時間Tdのカウントがアップすると、判定Yesとなり、ステップS170に進む。
ステップS170の補助用素子駆動行程では、ドライバ521から補助用素子520に駆動信号VGSが印加され、補助用素子520がオンとなる。
この補助用素子520がオンとなっている間、昇圧用キャパシタ515から放電維持のためのエネルギが投入され続ける。
放電期間TDCが経過するまでは、判定Noとなり、ステップS180が繰り返される。
ステップS190の補助用素子停止工程では、補助用素子520の駆動を停止し、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入を終了する。
なお、遅延時間Td及び放電期間TDCは、後述する補間方法によって運転状況に応じた値に補間される。
遅延時間Tdを補間するため、遅延時間演算部210又はECU506に図8Aに示すようなマップデータを記憶し、エンジンパラメータEPrから判定した内燃機関の運転状況に応じて、遅延時間Tdの長短が決定され、上述の制御フローに補間される。
これとは反対に、エンジン回転数Neが高く、吸気圧PINも高い場合には、着火が困難であるため、遅延時間Tdを短くした値が選択される。
その結果、易着火性の運転条件においては、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入開始時期が遅くなり、電費の抑制が図られ、難着火性の運転条件においては、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入開始時期が速くなり、二次電流I2の維持が図られる。
例えば、エンジン回転数Neが低く、吸気圧PINも低い場合には、着火が容易であるため、放電期間TDCを短くした値が選択される。
これとは反対に、エンジン回転数Neが高く、吸気圧PINも高い場合には、着火が困難であるため、放電期間TDCを長くした値が選択される。
その結果、易着火性の運転条件においては、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入期間が短くなり、電費の抑制が図られ、難着火性の運転条件においては、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入期間が長くなり、二次電流I2の維持が図られる。
また、点火コイル504の一次電圧V1、一次電流I1、二次電圧V2、二次電流I2を直接的に読み取り、その変化から、放電維持が困難と判断される場合には、放電遅延時間Tdを短く、放電期間TDCを長くすることで、安定した着火を図ることもできる。
図9Aは、比較例2として、本発明を設けていない従来の点火制御装置において、低回転、低負荷の運転条件で点火を行った場合の問題点を示す特性図である。
放電の後期に燃焼室内を流れる筒内気流によって、点火プラグ505に形成された放電経路が引き延ばされると、放電電圧が上昇し、二次電流I2が瞬断され、失火に至る虞がある。
このような構成にすることで、吹き消えの生じ易い吹き消え限界電流近傍から吹き消えが発生しやすい放電後期の時期に、補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入が行われるため、最小限のエネルギで放電維持を図ることができる。
比較例3では、強い筒内気流の影響により、比較例2よりも早期に吹き消えが起こり、吹き消えの発生回数も多く、再放電によるエネルギの消耗も大きく、失火に至るおそれがさらに高くなる。
図10Bは、実施例3として示す、本発明の点火制御装置を用いて、高回転、高負荷の運転条件で点火を行った場合、早期に放電の吹き消えが生じ易くなるので、補助用電源502からの放電を遅延させる遅延時間Tdを短くし、早期に補助用電源502からの放電を開始し、放電期間TDCを長くする構成となっている。
(1)内燃機関508の回転数Ne、又は、内燃機関8の負荷(吸気圧PIN)が低い程、点火信号IGtの立ち下がりから補助用開閉素子520の開閉駆動を開始するまでの遅延時間Tdを長くし、内燃機関508の回転数Neが高い程、又は、内燃機関508の負荷(吸気圧PIN)が高い程、補助用開閉素子520の開閉駆動を開始するまでの遅延時間Tdを短くするのが望ましい。
(2)内燃機関508の回転数Neが低い程、又は、内燃機関508の負荷(吸気圧PIN)が低い程、補助用開閉素子520の開閉駆動によって放電維持を図る放電期間TDCを短くし、内燃機関508の回転数Neが高い程、又は、内燃機関508の負荷吸気圧PIN)が高い程、補助用開閉素子(520)の開閉駆動によって放電維持を図る放電期間(TDC)を長くするのが望ましい。
なお、内燃機関の運転状況を示すエンジンパラメータEPrは、回転数Ne及び吸気圧PINに限られるものではない。上述のパラメータから適宜選択し得るものである。
図11を参照して、本発明の第3の実施形態における点火制御装置507aについて説明する。なお、上記実施形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号付し、相違する部分にアルファベットの枝番を付したので、同一の構成については、説明を省略し、特徴的な部分についてのみ説明する。
上記第2の実施形態においては、遅延時間演算部210をドライバ521に設けたが。本実施形態においてはECU506内に設け、ECU506内で演算の結果、遅延時間Td、放電期間TDCを点火信号IGtと重畳的にドライバ521aに送信するようにした点が相違する。
本実施形態においても、上記実施形態と同様、内燃機関の運転状況に応じて、過不足なく補助用電源502からのエネルギ投入を行うことで、安定した着火と、電費の抑制との両立を図ることができる。
図12を参照して、本発明の第4の実施形態における点火制御装置507bについて説明する。
上記第2及び第3の実施形態においては、エンジン回転センサ、吸気圧センサ、アクセル開度計、クランク角センサ、エンジン水温計等の内燃機関508に設けた図略の運転状況確認部509によって検出されたデータをエンジンパラメータEPrとした例を示したが、本実施形態においては、点火コイル504の一次電圧V1を検出する一次電圧検出部211を設け、一次電圧V1から二次電圧V2の変化を予測し、これを遅延時間演算部210bにフィードバックして、遅延時間Td及び放電時間TDCを算出している点が相違する。
本実施形態においても、上記実施形態と同様の効果を発揮できる。更には一次電流から二次電圧の変化を予測しても良いし、二次電圧V2や二次電流I2を計測し変化を予測し制御に使用してもよい。
11b・・・気筒
19、505・・・点火プラグ
30、507・・・点火制御装置
31・・・点火回路ユニット
32・・・電子制御ユニット
311・・・イグニッションコイル
311a、540・・・一次巻線(L1)
311b、541・・・二次巻線(L2)
312、510・・・直流電源
313・・・第一スイッチング素子
313C・・・第一電源側端子
313E・・・第一接地側端子
313G・・・第一制御端子
314・・・第二スイッチング素子
314D・・・第二電源側端子
314G・・・第二制御端子
314S・・・第二接地側端子
315・・・第三スイッチング素子
315C・・・第三電源側端子
315E・・・第三接地側端子
315G・・・第三制御端子
316・・・エネルギ蓄積コイル
317・・・コンデンサ
319・・・ドライバ回路
509・・・運転状況確認部
501・・・昇圧回路
511・・・エネルギ蓄積用インダクタ
512・・・昇圧用開閉素子(PTr12)
513・・・昇圧用開閉素子駆動ドライバ
514・・・第1の整流素子
515・・・昇圧用キャパシタ(C)
502・・・補助用電源
520・・・補助用開閉素子(MOS20)
521・・・補助用開閉素子駆動回路(補助用ドライバ)
210・・・遅延時間演算部
522・・・第2の整流素子
503・・・点火用開閉素子(PTr3)
504・・・点火コイル
542・・・コア
543・・・整流素子
506・・・エンジン制御装置(ECU)
IGa・・・第一制御信号
IGb・・・第二制御信号
IGc・・・第三制御信号
IGt・・・点火信号
IGw・・・放電期間信号、エネルギ投入期間信号
EPr・・・エンジンパラメータ
Td・・・遅延時間
TDC・・・放電期間
V1・・・一次電圧
V2・・・二次電圧
I2・・・二次電流
Claims (9)
- 内燃機関(11)の気筒(11b)内にて燃料混合気を点火するように設けられた点火プラグ(19)の、動作を制御するように構成された、点火制御装置(30)において、
一次巻線(311a)と二次巻線(311b)とを備えていて、前記一次巻線を通流する電流である一次電流の増減により、前記点火プラグに接続された前記二次巻線にて二次電流が発生するように構成された、イグニッションコイル(311)と、
前記一次巻線にて前記一次電流を通流させるように、非接地側出力端子が前記一次巻線の一端側に接続された、直流電源(312)と、
第一制御端子(313G)と第一電源側端子(313C)と第一接地側端子(313E)とを有していて前記第一制御端子に入力された第一制御信号に基づいて前記第一電源側端子と前記第一接地側端子との間の通電のオンオフを制御するように構成された半導体スイッチング素子であって、前記第一電源側端子が前記一次巻線の他端側に接続されるとともに前記第一接地側端子が接地側に接続された、第一スイッチング素子(313)と、
第二制御端子(314G)と第二電源側端子(314D)と第二接地側端子(314S)とを有していて前記第二制御端子に入力された第二制御信号に基づいて前記第二電源側端子と前記第二接地側端子との間の通電のオンオフを制御するように構成された半導体スイッチング素子であって、前記第二接地側端子が前記一次巻線の前記他端側に接続された、第二スイッチング素子(314)と、
第三制御端子(315G)と第三電源側端子(315C)と第三接地側端子(315E)とを有していて前記第三制御端子に入力された第三制御信号に基づいて前記第三電源側端子と前記第三接地側端子との間の通電のオンオフを制御するように構成された半導体スイッチング素子であって、前記第三電源側端子が前記第二スイッチング素子における前記第二電源側端子に接続されるとともに前記第三接地側端子が前記接地側に接続された、第三スイッチング素子(315)と、
前記直流電源における前記非接地側出力端子と前記第三スイッチング素子における前記第三電源側端子とを接続する電力ラインに介装されたインダクタであって、前記第三スイッチング素子のオンによってエネルギを蓄積するように設けられた、エネルギ蓄積コイル(316)と、
前記直流電源における前記非接地側出力端子と前記接地側との間にて前記エネルギ蓄積コイルと直列接続されていて、前記第三スイッチング素子のオフによってエネルギを蓄積するように設けられた、コンデンサ(317)と、
前記第一スイッチング素子のオフにより開始された前記点火プラグの点火放電中に、前記第二スイッチング素子のオンにより前記コンデンサから蓄積エネルギを放出させることで、前記他端側から前記一次巻線に前記一次電流を供給すべく、前記第二スイッチング素子及び前記第三スイッチング素子を制御するように設けられた、制御部(319)と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記コンデンサからの蓄積エネルギの蓄積量あるいは放出量を前記内燃機関の運転状態に応じて可変とするように、前記第二スイッチング素子又は前記第三スイッチング素子を制御することを特徴とする、点火制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記内燃機関の高負荷域又は高回転域にて前記コンデンサからのエネルギ放出量を増加させることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の点火制御装置。
- 少なくとも、直流電源(510)と、該直流電源(510)の電源電圧を昇圧する昇圧回路(501)と、該昇圧回路(501)に接続せしめた一次巻線(540)の電流の増減により二次巻線(541)に高い二次電圧(V2)を発生する点火コイル(504)と、機関の運転状況に応じて発信された点火信号(IGt)にしたがって前記一次巻線(540)への電流の供給と遮断を切り換える点火用開閉素子(503)とを具備し、前記二次巻線(541)に接続され、前記二次巻線(541)からの二次電圧(V2)の印加により、内燃機関の燃焼室内に火花放電を発生させる点火プラグ(505)の、動作を制御するように構成された、点火制御装置であって、
前記点火用開閉素子(503)の開閉によって、前記点火プラグ(505)の放電を開始した後、所定の遅延時間(Td)を経過した後、前記昇圧回路(501)からの放電と停止とを前記一次巻線(540)の点火開閉素子(3)側から重畳的に行うことによって、前記二次巻線(541)に流れる電流を増加する補助用電源(502)とを具備し、
該補助用電源(502)からの放電の停止を切り換える補助用開閉素子(520)と、該補助用開閉素子(520)を開閉駆動する補助用開閉素子駆動回路(521、521a、521b)と、
内燃機関の運転状況を示すエンジンパラメータ(EPr)に応じて、前記補助用開閉素子(520)の駆動を前記点火信号(IGt)の終了位置(立ち下がり)から所定の遅延時間(Td)だけ遅れて開始させる遅延時間演算部(210、210a、210b)とを具備することを特徴とする点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。 - 前記遅延時間演算部(210、210a、210b)は、エンジン回転数(Ne)、吸気圧(PIN)、アクセル開度(Th)、クランク角(CA)、エンジン水温(Tw)、EGR率、空燃比(A/F)、点火コイル(504)の一次電圧(V1)、点火コイル(504)の一次電流(I1)、点火コイル(504)の二次電圧(V2)、点火コイル(504)の二次電流(I2)のいずれかから選択した1又は複数のエンジンパラメータ(EPr)に基づいて判定した内燃機関の運転状況に応じて、
前記内燃機関の回転数が低い程、又は、前記内燃機関の負荷が低い程、前記補助用開閉素子(520)の開閉駆動を開始する遅延時間(Td)を長くし、
前記内燃機関の回転数が高い程、又は、前記内燃機関の負荷が高い程、前記補助用開閉素子(520)の開閉駆動を開始する遅延時間(Td)を短くする請求項3に記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。 - 前記内燃機関の回転数が低い程、又は、前記内燃機関の負荷が低い程、前記補助用開閉素子(520)の開閉駆動によって放電維持を図る放電期間(TDC)を短くし、前記内燃機関の回転数が高い程、又は、前記内燃機関の負荷が高い程、前記補助用開閉素子(520)の開閉駆動によって放電維持を図る放電期間(TDC)を長くする請求項3又は4に記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。
- 前記遅延時間演算部(210)又はエンジン制御装置(506)のいずれかが、前記エンジンパラメータから判定した内燃機関の運転状況から、前記遅延時間(Td)及び前記放電期間(TDC)を補間するマップデータとして記憶する請求項3ないし5のいずれかに記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。
- 前記補助用電源(502)からのエネルギ投入は前記一次巻線(540)の前記一次巻線(540)と前記点火用開閉素子(503)との接続点から実施することを特徴とする請求項3ないし6のいずれかに記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。
- 前記昇圧回路(501)が、前記直流電源(510)に接続したエネルギ蓄積用インダクタ(511)と、前記点火信号(IGt)にしたがって所定の期間だけ前記インダクタ(511)への電流の供給と遮断を所定の周期で切り換える開閉素子(512)と、前記インダクタ(511)に並列に接続したキャパシタ(515)と、前記インダクタ(511)から前記キャパシタ(515)への電流を整流する第1の整流素子(514)とからなる請求項3ないし7のいずれかに記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。
- 前記補助用電源(502)が、前記キャパシタ(515)と前記一次巻線(540)との間に介装され、前記キャパシタ(515)からの放電と停止とを切り換える補助用開閉素子(520)と、前記キャパシタ(515)から前記一次巻線(540)への電流を整流する第2の整流素子(522)と、前記直流電源(510)と、前記インダクタ(511)と前記キャパシタ(515)とからなる請求項3ないし8のいずれかに記載の点火制御装置(507、507a、507b)。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/783,575 US10794354B2 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | Ignition control apparatus for internal combustion engine |
| EP14782210.0A EP2985448B1 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | Ignition control device for internal combustion engine |
| KR1020157029259A KR101742638B1 (ko) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | 내연 기관용 점화 제어 장치 |
| CN201480020862.9A CN105121836B (zh) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | 内燃机用点火控制装置 |
| EP17155473.6A EP3199798B1 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | Ignition control apparatus for internal combustion engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013082958A JP6044431B2 (ja) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | 点火制御装置 |
| JP2013-082958 | 2013-04-11 | ||
| JP2013140835A JP6094403B2 (ja) | 2013-07-04 | 2013-07-04 | 点火装置 |
| JP2013-140835 | 2013-07-04 |
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| WO2014168248A1 true WO2014168248A1 (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
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| PCT/JP2014/060553 Ceased WO2014168248A1 (ja) | 2013-04-11 | 2014-04-11 | 内燃機関用点火制御装置 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10794354B2 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP2985448B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101742638B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105121836B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014168248A1 (ja) |
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| JP6610073B2 (ja) | 2015-08-07 | 2019-11-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 点火装置 |
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| CN113825900B (zh) * | 2019-05-23 | 2023-01-31 | 日立安斯泰莫株式会社 | 内燃机用控制装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105121836A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
| KR20150131267A (ko) | 2015-11-24 |
| US10794354B2 (en) | 2020-10-06 |
| EP2985448A8 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP3199798B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
| EP2985448B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
| EP3199798A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
| EP2985448A4 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
| KR101742638B1 (ko) | 2017-06-01 |
| EP2985448A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
| US20160084213A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
| CN105121836B (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
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