WO2014171958A1 - Tête de coupe à jet abrasif amovible - Google Patents

Tête de coupe à jet abrasif amovible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014171958A1
WO2014171958A1 PCT/US2013/057105 US2013057105W WO2014171958A1 WO 2014171958 A1 WO2014171958 A1 WO 2014171958A1 US 2013057105 W US2013057105 W US 2013057105W WO 2014171958 A1 WO2014171958 A1 WO 2014171958A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutting head
gland
threads
extension tube
abrasivejet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2013/057105
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Steven E. MAY
Gary N. BURY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Waterjet Parts Inc
Original Assignee
International Waterjet Parts Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Waterjet Parts Inc filed Critical International Waterjet Parts Inc
Publication of WO2014171958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014171958A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials

Definitions

  • a high velocity liquid jet is first formed by compressing the liquid to an operating pressure of 3,500 to 150,000 psi, and forcing the compressed liquid (typically water] through an orifice having a diameter approximating that of a human hair; namely, 0.003 to 0.040 inches.
  • the material defining the jet-forming orifice is typically a hard jewel such sapphire, ruby or diamond.
  • the resulting highly coherent waterjet is discharged from the orifice at a velocity which approaches or exceeds the speed of sound.
  • the liquid most frequently used to from the jet is water, and the high velocity jet described hereinafter may accordingly be identified as a waterjet.
  • abrasive materials have been added to the jet stream to produce an abrasive-laden waterjet, typically called an "abrasivejet".
  • the abrasivejet is used to effectively cut a wide variety of materials from exceptionally hard materials (such as tool steel, aluminum, cast iron armor plate, certain ceramics and bullet- proof glass] to soft materials (such as lead].
  • Typical abrasive materials include garnet, silica, and aluminum oxide having grit sizes of #36 through #200.
  • the waterjet passes through a "mixing region" wherein a quantity of abrasive is entrained into the jet by the low pressure region that surrounds the flowing liquid in accordance with the Bernoulli Principle.
  • the abrasive material which is under atmospheric pressure in an external hopper, is drawn into the mixing region by the lower pressure region via a conduit (referred to as the "abrasive feed tube"] that
  • abrasive-laden waterjet or "abrasivejet” ⁇ is then discharged against a workpiece through an abrasivejet nozzle that is supported closely adjacent the workpiece.
  • the spent abrasive-laden water is drained away from the workpiece in any of a number of known ways, and collected in a collection tank for recycling of the abrasive and/or proper disposal. Because the waterjet and abrasivejet are so destructive, wear of the jet-forming components is of particular concern.
  • cutting heads which employ a removably inserted cartridge that contains the mixing region and the jet-forming orifice in accurate alignment, and which is securely held against movement within the housing in such a way that that the mixing region and jet-forming orifice are held in substantial alignment with the abrasivejet nozzle.
  • An example of such a cartridge is illustrated and described in U.S. Patent 6,601,783.
  • the invention permits the user of an abrasivejet cutting head to orient the abrasive inlet hole in the cutting head body so that the abrasive feed tubing has an unobstructed path to the abrasive hopper, while minimizing the risk of kinking the abrasive feed tube, which would negatively affect an abrasivejet cut on a work piece and interfere with efficient abrasive flow in the feed tube.
  • an abrasive cutting head assembly constructed in accordance with the invention includes a generally annular gland between the cutting head and the extension tube, and has a first region of screw threads with a first lead that engage the threads of the extension tube, and a second region of screw threads with a second lead that engage the screw threads of the abrasivejet cutting head.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cutting head assembly of Figure 5 in schematic; and Figures 7-8 are each an oblique front left elevation view, in perspective, of an abrasivejet cutting head assembly constructed in accordance with the invention and illustrating the manner by which the position of the abrasive inlet hole can be repositioned in accordance with the invention; DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIEMENT
  • FIG. 1 is an oblique front right elevation view, in perspective, of an abrasivejet cutting head assembly constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a right longitudinal sectional view, in schematic, of the assembled abrasivejet cutting head assembly shown in FIG. ⁇ .
  • the preferred cutting head assembly is configured to interface with an extension tube 1, and comprises a gland 2, a cartridge 3, and a generally tubular housing body 4.
  • High pressure water entering the housing body 4 from the extension tube 1 passes through the jet-forming orifice 32 of a jewel orifice member 30 which is supported within the housing in axial alignment with an outlet passage 42 also formed within the housing.
  • the outlet passage is sized to accommodate an abrasivejet nozzle (not shown] secured to the housing in axial alignment with the jet-forming orifice.
  • An axially aligned fluid-conducting passage 34 is defined within the housing between the downstream end of the orifice and the upstream end of the outlet passage 42.
  • An abrasive-conducting passageway 44 is formed within the housing to conduct abrasive material to the fluid-conducting passage 34 from an abrasive inlet hole 46 formed in the housing body 4.
  • the abrasive-conducting passageway 44 intersects the fluid-conducting passage 34 at or adjacent to a mixing region 47 wherein the abrasive material becomes entrained into the waterjet emerging from the jet-forming orifice as a result of the low pressure region surrounding the jet.
  • the body 4 further includes a plurality off engageable surface regions such as flats 41 circumferentially disposed about its generally upstream end region which can be gripped by a wrench or other tool to tighten or loosen the connection of the body 4 to the gland 2 as hereinafter described.
  • the jet-forming orifice member 30, the mixing region 47 and the outlet passage 42, as well as a portion of the fluid-conducting passageway 34 and a portion of the abrasive-conducting passageway are formed in a replaceably insertable cartridge 3 which is securely held within the body 4 in accordance with the preferred configuration of the cutting head assembly.
  • the mixing region, jet-forming orifice member and foregoing passageways need not be supported within, or formed in whole or in part as the case may be, by a cartridge.
  • Abrasivejet cutting heads are known in the art, for example, which do not employ cartridges, and can be adapted in accordance with the teachings herein to provide the invention regardless the absence of a cartridge.
  • the extension tube 1 can be a standard part that many users in the industry already have, and is readily available. As is known in the art, the extension tube is simply a fitting at the downstream end of the high-pressure water supply line that interfaces with the cutting head to introduce high pressure water into the cutting head.
  • the illustrated extension tube comprises an axially-extending, generally tubular body that is externally threaded, indicated at 14, at its downstream end region.
  • the extension tube body further includes a plurality of engageable surface regions such as flats 12 that can be gripped by a wrench or other tool to tighten or loosen the extension tube connection to the abrasivejet cutting head.
  • the downstream end of the extension tube seals against the upstream face of the cartridge 3 in the region circumscribing the fluid passageway upstream of the jet-forming orifice 32.
  • the gland 2 interfaces with the extension tube 1, the body 4 and the cartridge (3], and acts as a carrier for the extension tube 1 to touch cartridge 4 on its top surface.
  • the gland 2 has a generally annular cross section, a plurality of engageable surface regions on its exterior, such as flats 22, that can be gripped by a wrench or other tool to tighten or loosen the gland's connection to the abrasivejet cutting head and/or extension tube. At least a portion of the gland 2 is internally threaded, as at 24, to match and engage the external threads 14 of the extension tube 1.
  • the gland 2 also has external threads 26 towards its downstream end region that match and engage internal threads 48 of the housing body 4.
  • the illustrated gland is internally threaded at 24 because extension tubes are virtually always externally threaded, and the object is to be compatible with commonly available extension tubes. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that external gland threads could replace the internal threads if the extension tube (or an interfacing adaptor] presents internal threads to the gland that must be coupled to.
  • the illustrated gland is externally threaded at 26 because the typical housing body is internally threaded. If, however, the gland must couple to external threads of a housing body (or adaptor], the internal threads can be utilized at 26. As described below, there is a difference in pitch between these two sets of threads 24, 26 of the gland.
  • the cartridge 3 carries the jewel 30 and its waterjet-forming orifice 32, and holds it within the cutting head body in alignment with the abrasive nozzle through which an abrasivejet exits the cutting head after abrasive material entering the cartridge via the abrasive inlet 44 becomes mixed with the waterjet stream.
  • the cartridge 3 is placed into the body 4 and rests on a shoulder 41.
  • the gland 2 is screwed into body 4 until its forward progress is restrained by contact with the body, and then gland 2 is backed off until its flats 22 line up with flats 41 of the body.
  • extension tube may already be installed in the user's system As gland 2 and body 4 are screwed together onto extension tube 1, the bottom surface of extension tube 1 contacts the top surface of cartridge 3. This results in the abrasive inlet 46 of body 4 being in its "home" orientation. If it is desirable to change the angular position of the abrasive inlet about the axis 10, the user first loosens the gland 2 and body 4 together as a unit. Once loose, the user can then screw gland 2 out of body 4 slightly, and re-tighten them as a unit onto extension tube 1.
  • the abrasive inlet 46 of body 4 being in a different angular position with respect to the longitudinal axis 10 of the assembly.
  • the cutting head assembly has now been "indexed" to the desired location.
  • the external thread pitch of gland 2 is different than its internal thread pitch. If the pitches were the same, then any distance that gland 2 is moved away from body 4 in the axial direction will result in the same orientation of the abrasive inlet 46, and the same "landing spot" of extension tube 1 onto cartridge 3.
  • the currently preferred pitch ratio is 2:1, with the internal threads 24 of the gland having a pitch of 16 threads per inch, and the external threads 26 of the gland having a pitch of 8 threads per inch.
  • gland 2 In determining the preferred difference in thread pitches, a number of factors are considered. For a particular outer diameter of gland 2, there is a finite range of thread pitches from which to choose. If the thread pitch is too coarse (i.e. less threads per inch], then gland 2 may not be "self-locking," wherein an axial load applied to the threads effectively keeps the parts from loosening themselves from each other owing to vibrations and cyclic pressure loads inherent in waterjet cutting. If, on the other hand, the pitch of the external threads in gland 2 is too fine (i.e., more threads per inch], there is less surface area on each thread on which to distribute the axial load of extension tube 1 pushing against cartridge 3 as it is tightened.
  • the safety factor decreases by 41% when one compares the stresses experienced by an external thread pitch of 16 threads per inch (the pitch of a typical extension tube] with a pitch of 28 threads per inch (the maximum pitch currently believed allowable for the size of gland ⁇ ; in other words, the finer thread pitch of 28 threads per inch (“tpi" ⁇ can take 41% less load than threads with a pitch of 16 tpi before yielding.
  • the ratio of the finer pitch i.e., 28 ⁇ to the base of 16 tpi is 1.75:1.
  • a pitch of 8 tpi will increase the safety factor of the thread load by 88%, using the same thread form of a 16 tpi thread.
  • a two-start thread consists of two separately machined, parallel threads wrapped around the relevant threaded portion of the gland's body, and wherein the machining of the thread's "starts" (also referred to as “leads" ⁇ is 180 degrees apart.
  • starts also referred to as "leads” ⁇
  • a 16 tpi two-start thread would have the appearance of a 16 tpi thread; however the mating parts would move like an 8 tpi thread. This allows for the mating parts to move along the longitudinal axis twice as far with the same number of rotations.
  • the linear distance the gland travels per revolution is called the "lead" of the thread, while the "pitch" of a thread is the distance from one crest of a thread to its next crest.
  • Metric-based threads are typically defined by their pitch, while inch-based threads are typically defined by their "threads per inch, or "tpi", which is the reciprocal of the pitch.
  • tpi the pitch per inch
  • a thread with 16 tpi has a pitch of l/16 th inch.
  • a larger “tpi” accordingly denotes a smaller pitch. Consequently, the preferred 16 tpi, two-lead thread decreases the total number of rotations the user needs to remove the gland 2 from the body 4 to replace cartridge 3, and appears to have full 360 degree indexability as intended by the design.
  • the selected two- start, 8 tpi thread is compatible with the typical 16 tpi internal thread found within conventional cutting head assembly bodies that conventionally engage the external 16 tpi thread at the downstream end of the extension tube, making the preferred gland compatible for use with existing OEM systems that their owners wish to modify in order to re-position the abrasive inlet.
  • the 8tpi "two-start" thread is 41% stronger than the 28 tpi thread, and has a pitch differential of 2:1 as opposed to the 28 tpi's 1.75:1.
  • the 16 tpi, two-lead thread is preferred; however, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the lead of the gland's external threads may be any integral multiple of its pitch without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • "lead” is equal to N x "pitch", where N is a non-zero integral representing the number of starts.
  • the U.S. Standard units has been utilized because this is an industry standard in the U.S. that is recognized internationally as such. It may be noted that 16tpi converts mathematically to 1.588 mm/thread; however the closest standard ISO metric thread pitch is 1.5 mm/thread.
  • 8 tpi converts mathematically to 3.175mm/thread, with the closest ISO metric standard being 3mm/thread.
  • This information pertaining to metric equivalence of the preferred thread characteristics is incorporated by reference into the foregoing description as the metric equivalent where U.S. units are used as a convenient alternative to the appearance of such information adjacent each U.S. unit. Users of the novel assembly described herein can orient the abrasive inlet of the cutting head assembly to any required direction.
  • the abrasive inlet 46 has now rotated about axis 10 (Figure 2 ⁇ from its slightly right oblique position illustrated in Figure 3 to a left oblique position in Figure 5.
  • the extension tube 1 has now been longitudinally spaced from the cartridge 3, as illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the gland 2 is next rotated counterclockwise, and moves away from the body 4 and towards the extension tube 1, thereby increasing the longitudinal distance between gland and body.
  • the body 4 and gland 2 are then tightened as a unit onto the extension tube ⁇ .
  • the space between the gland 2 and body 4 is retained.
  • the abrasive inlet 46 is now in a different position is spaced from the home position of Figure 3 at this point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble de tête de coupe qui comprend un presse-étoupe généralement annulaire entre la tête de coupe et le tube d'extension qui comporte une première région de filets de vis ayant une première vis-mère qui met en prise les filets du tube d'extension, et une seconde région de filets de vis ayant une seconde et différente vis-mère qui met en prise les filets de vis de la tête de coupe à jet abrasif. La rotation du presse-étoupe et de tête de coupe par rapport au tube d'extension et la rotation du presse-étoupe par rapport à la tête de coupe permettent à la position de trou d'entrée d'abrasif dans le corps de tête de coupe d'être positionnée en rotation à volonté, de telle manière que le tube d'alimentation d'abrasif a un trajet non obstrué vers la trémie d'abrasif, tout en rendant minimale le risque de vrillage.
PCT/US2013/057105 2013-04-15 2013-08-28 Tête de coupe à jet abrasif amovible Ceased WO2014171958A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361812179P 2013-04-15 2013-04-15
US61/812,179 2013-04-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014171958A1 true WO2014171958A1 (fr) 2014-10-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117067115A (zh) * 2023-10-12 2023-11-17 南安市奥力石业有限公司 一种高硬度大理石水切割设备

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5018670A (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-05-28 Possis Corporation Cutting head for water jet cutting machine
US6119541A (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-19 Micron Electronics, Inc. Methods for adjusting a lead screw nut and a nut for adjustably engaging a lead screw
US20090258582A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-10-15 Finecut Ab Cutting Heads

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5018670A (en) * 1990-01-10 1991-05-28 Possis Corporation Cutting head for water jet cutting machine
US6119541A (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-19 Micron Electronics, Inc. Methods for adjusting a lead screw nut and a nut for adjustably engaging a lead screw
US20090258582A1 (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-10-15 Finecut Ab Cutting Heads

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117067115A (zh) * 2023-10-12 2023-11-17 南安市奥力石业有限公司 一种高硬度大理石水切割设备
CN117067115B (zh) * 2023-10-12 2023-12-15 南安市奥力石业有限公司 一种高硬度大理石水切割设备

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