WO2014173381A1 - Système de construction de bâtiments en autoconstruction à sec - Google Patents

Système de construction de bâtiments en autoconstruction à sec Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014173381A1
WO2014173381A1 PCT/DE2014/000095 DE2014000095W WO2014173381A1 WO 2014173381 A1 WO2014173381 A1 WO 2014173381A1 DE 2014000095 W DE2014000095 W DE 2014000095W WO 2014173381 A1 WO2014173381 A1 WO 2014173381A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
construction
structural member
building
components
double
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PCT/DE2014/000095
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gregor STELMASZCYK
Maik ROEDIGER
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2014173381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014173381A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra

Definitions

  • the invention relates, according to the preamble of claim 1, a building system with a building construction for the construction of buildings, preferably of buildings, in dry and self-construction with components from timber construction, preferably formed after timber frame construction and / or plastic and / or steel construction, for a structure, which is clad with components from the plastic industry, preferably from the Dämmstoffbau, in the composite system.
  • the term construction refers to the construction of buildings and buildings. This includes both the design process and the result, ie the structure of the components in the finished structure, here in particular the wall construction.
  • the term building is understood to mean a construction constructed by humans with a resting contact with the ground, while the term building is a sub-concept of a building.
  • a building is created by the construction of a permanent construction on the ground and consists of individual components. Components in construction are individual parts, individual elements or individual components that make up a building.
  • a component is a geometrically contiguous surface or a body, wherein the surface or the body have a uniform structure and a uniform construction, wherein the components in turn may consist of different building materials. Building materials, how to build of buildings or the like can be used, in particular bricks, concrete blocks, sand-lime bricks and much more.
  • the building block assembly consists of a framework consisting of a plurality of individual building blocks connected by plastic material, e.g. Brick, is made.
  • the brick bricks are connected instead of mortar by means of adhesive and have a very small bond gap between the blocks.
  • the bricks have hollow chambers which are filled with a PUR foam or other insulating material.
  • the disadvantage of this design is that a large amount of environmentally harmful polyurethane foam must be used to connect the blocks and the use of low temperatures and frost is suitable only conditionally.
  • a kit of cubic plan blocks made of cellular concrete and rod-shaped connectors made of wood is described in the disclosed composite system of DE 298 04 074 U1.
  • the wooden connectors are used instead of mortar to connect the plan blocks with each other and for the construction of dry masonry.
  • the abutment surfaces of the plano blocks have corresponding profilings, which engage in a form-fitting manner in the wall composite and have slots for the connectors on the side surfaces.
  • This composite system is suitable for building a drywalled building in the cold season.
  • the structure of a consisting of limestone or aerated dry masonry has over conventional masonry in which the stones are connected by mortar o. The like., Benefits.
  • the half-timbered house has a supporting structure made of wood, which is created in dry construction, in which the spaces are not filled in dry construction, but with a wood-clay composite or a brickwork.
  • Each space in a wooden frame represents a compartment, the so-called Gefach.
  • the Gefach occurs in half-timbered construction and the so-called skeleton construction in stator construction often.
  • this construction has the disadvantage that the compartments in the cold season can not be filled in mortar technique and the shell must therefore rest. It has proven to be disadvantageous that when setting up, the so-called setting of a timbered wall, for weight reasons (due to the strong wood cross sections) and due to the size (length), construction machinery or a variety of professionals, such as carpenters, are necessary. Another disadvantage arises in the production of the supports. Whole tree trunks are required for the production of the supports, which is not sensible for resource and ecological reasons and should therefore be avoided. Another shortcoming is that a wooden stand can undergo a change in volume due to the effects of temperature, with the risk of the mortar breaking in the joints between the uprights and the bricks.
  • Prefabricated house is a building that is industrially prefabricated and delivered in parts to the construction site where it is finally assembled in dry construction. Prefabricated house means that the building is not built on site, but prefabricated in a factory.
  • two types of construction, the timber frame construction or the wood panel construction can be used in the production. The wooden frame and panel construction is therefore to be listed as follows from the state of the art in order to understand the inventive task and the solution.
  • Timber frame construction is one of the most important modern timber construction systems.
  • a special form of timber frame construction is the timber panel construction, in which the wall and ceiling elements in the manufacturing plant as far as possible, as described below, are prefabricated.
  • timber frame construction is characterized by the fact that a wooden scaffolding with vertical and horizontal bars assumes the vertical function and the horizontal stiffening takes place by plate-shaped wall construction materials or diagonally applied boards.
  • Timber frame construction has long been known in North America, Canada and the Nordic countries as "Balloon Framing" and "Platform Framing". The main feature of "Balloon Framing" is the wall posts or columns that extend through the floors let in, the beam layer laid on and attached to the side of the support.
  • the outer walls are either stiffened with recessed struts or planked diagonally outside with boards.
  • the outer wall inside, inner walls and ceiling undersides are usually boarded with thin wooden strips, which serve as a plaster base for gypsum plaster.
  • Today mainly plasterboard, gypsum fiber boards (eg known as Rigips boards) are used for this purpose.
  • Rigips boards gypsum fiber boards
  • Another disadvantage but also here is that whole tree trunks are required for the production of the wall posts or columns, which is not useful and therefore should be avoided for resource and ecological reasons.
  • a plastering of the outer walls outside and inside in the cold season so in frosty temperatures, not possible.
  • Another disadvantage is that for the erection of such a stand construction machines and / or a variety of skilled workers are necessary.
  • platform framing the raw construction - unlike the “balloon framing” - is constructed floor-to-floor and completed with a platform on which the next floor or the next storey is built.
  • the wooden supporting structure of the walls consisting of wall posts, which form the structure, together with upper and lower straps, is initially prefabricated lying on the respective floor, then set up and connected to each other by means of an additional upper chord.
  • On the outside and on the floor slabs are applied plywood or the like. The rest will be boarded with gypsum plasterboard after completion of the shell.
  • the degree of prefabrication is relatively high and such a timber stand construction can also be done in the cold season.
  • these systems for erecting prefabricated buildings in wood construction have the disadvantage that they are not suitable for DIY and too much machine and a staff effort in the construction of the structure is necessary.
  • the wooden construction is an old one independent field of expertise that distinguishes itself from other areas of construction, such as masonry construction, with its specific techniques and materials.
  • wood panel construction the flat, self-supporting wooden structures are referred to as panels.
  • the wooden panels are composite structures made of ribs, which are covered with nails, staples, or screws or glue with different building materials, such as solid wood or wood-based panels.
  • a wooden frame which forms the structure, created by insulation, installations and final planking wood panel.
  • the spatial structure is composed of individual wooden panels. From the individual wooden panels, large panels in building dimensions are then assembled in the manufacturing plant, the sizes of which are determined by the standard formats of the paneling materials. They represent the walls of the entire structure, including all essential installations, and are prefabricated at the manufacturing plant, as indicated above, and then transported to the construction site with heavy vehicles. After delivery to the construction site, the large panels are assembled to form a building during assembly. The assembly of a prefabricated house can be done in the cold season.
  • the disadvantage of a prefabricated house is that in the production in the factory, for the transport and assembly of the wood panels on the site, larger tool and construction machines are needed. Another significant disadvantage is that a mounting of the panels in DIY is not possible.
  • DE 296 18 705 U1 discloses a building system with a support structure made of wood, wherein the interspaces of the support structure are filled with form stones.
  • the wooden stand of the support structure of parts of the neighboring mold blocks are covered to the outside on the outer walls of the building.
  • the On both sides of a wooden stand arranged stones thus overlap the wooden stand on the outside.
  • a gap between the wooden stands and stones is avoided, which creates a direct connection between the building interior and the outside of the building.
  • the installation of the support structure is not possible in self-construction.
  • the state of the art does not include a true self-built without machines, such as concrete mixers, cranes and similar machines, etc.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a building construction for the construction of a building and to use that can dispense with all construction equipment and craft equipment that are necessary for the use of any type of mortar, concrete, adhesive, etc. So a renunciation of the solid construction with brick walls. Furthermore, even those building materials that have disadvantages during processing during the cold, frosty season, to avoid. Also on the mixed construction of solid and wooden construction should therefore be omitted.
  • Another object is to dispense with complicated building blocks as a supporting structure and thus as a load-bearing masonry with complicated fasteners and also no building structures from the solid wood, the wooden frame (wooden stand construction with huge columns or wall posts), the wooden panel construction with huge wooden panels and / or the Use skeleton construction as a supporting structure to dispense with construction machinery and specialized personnel can. Furthermore, in a simple way, the thermal insulation of the building or the outer walls can be performed.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a building system with a construction structure for a thermally insulated supporting structure, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art, and the construction of a building or building in dry - and self-construction allows.
  • the invention solves these problems with the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the construction system according to the invention has a construction for the construction of buildings in dry and self-construction. This is achieved by, on the one hand, the structural components of the construction come from the timber industry and / or plastic construction and / or steel construction, preferably from the timber industry and on the other hand from the Dämmstoffbau.
  • a composite system is created, in which the components from the timber industry, the plastic or steel construction and the components of the insulation are built together in modular and dry construction. This composite system allows the construction of a building without specialized personnel and especially in self-construction in every season.
  • finished parts here the individual components are meant, from which the complete components, such as a composite component, a structural member, etc., are assembled. Only with such inventive individual components own performance will make a strong impact. Assembly does not require specialist knowledge, special machines and tools. The assembly work can thus be carried out without great technical aids. Furthermore, the need of the builders, if possible to build a variable, adapted to their own wishes building, to take into account. From the individual finished parts (components) therefore a variety, but still very manageable, different complete components can be assembled.
  • the prefabricated components are not only the components made in wood construction, but also the planking components for the insulation. The requirements for a low-energy house and the use of so-called friendly building materials should also be aimed for.
  • the many individual finished parts (components) therefore form a composite system.
  • the composite system for building construction is made up of two assemblies.
  • the first assembly concerns components made in wood or plastic construction or steel construction.
  • These inventive components are modular and represent the components of the structure of the building. Modular systems offer greater adaptability, if compatible modules are available as components.
  • These modular components for the structure of the construction consist of different structural members and fasteners.
  • the second module concerns the components produced in insulation or plastic construction.
  • These inventive components are also designed modular and represent the components for mounting, insulation, cladding and sheathing of the components of the structure of the building.
  • This modular components consist of different planking components, such as insulation elements and / or wood panels or the like.
  • the insulating elements are referred to below as coat stones.
  • An entire system such as a building can thus be assembled from the individual components.
  • the shell of the building thus consists of modular structural members and modular insulation elements or Manteldämmsteinen.
  • the construction therefore consists of a plurality of such inventive, modular components of the assembly one and two, which serve as the assembly as walls (outer walls, inner walls), support, sheathing or other structural elements, such as ceiling and roof elements. These wood and Dämmstoff- components are connected to each other during assembly, creating a rigid construction is formed. Modularity is the division of a whole, here a building, understood. The structure may be divided into several sections, e.g. the basement, the ground floor, the attic, etc., which have load-bearing walls. Using the example of an outer wall in the ground floor, the inventive components of a supporting structure to be displayed. It is advantageous to look at and describe the framework of an exterior wall here because it has the most and most important inventive features.
  • the supporting structure of an outer wall can, as known from the prior art, be divided into individual parts, which are referred to as components or components.
  • the structure of a masonry association for example, in individual structural members, consisting of artificial stones such as brick, aerated concrete, clinker, etc., are decomposed.
  • not artificial stones used as masonry members or continuous stand as a support structure made of wood, in which the compartments must be lined with molded bricks.
  • the "ISORAST® system” which is known under the brand name, is not used, whereas the "ISORAST® system", instead of a wall, is made of self-assembled formwork elements made of Neopor by plugging together set up a wall.
  • the formwork elements have a gap that is filled with fluid concrete.
  • This concrete represents the supporting structure of the wall or the outer wall and not individual structural members.
  • the formwork elements serve to insulate the concrete wall. The requirement of dry construction and a waiver of necessary construction machinery is thus not met and in the cold season, a creation of such a structure according to the "ISORAST® system" does not occur.
  • the structure of a building construction for self-construction preferably shown on an outer wall, divided into many items, these individual components are provided with good craftsmanship properties.
  • These provided with good handling items are referred to in the description as components or components. That is, the individual inventive wood and plastic components can be combined in different ways to form a whole building. These combinations are possible because the individual components, due to their modular properties, can be assembled according to the modular principle like game pieces. Exactly this can be carried out in a simple manner with the modular design principle and the inventive handy and modular components contained therein.
  • the advantage of such a handy and modular solution is that the comprehensibility of such a modular system and its components easily accessible to any home builder and thus facilitate the application.
  • the advantage for the manufacturer increases in the inventive modular system in particular by the fact that the individual components can be manufactured cheaply as standardized individual components. Even a skilfully skilled builder is thus able to produce such standardized components themselves, because the building material, preferably made of wood, can be processed with simple tools and simple woodworking machines.
  • the inventive handy and modular components can be interconnected by simple assembly processes.
  • Such a modular system offers a high Adaptability when various modular components are available that can be attached, removed, changed and / or grouped differently.
  • the present various modular components can respond to and meet the most varied requirements and conditions in the construction of a building.
  • the modular system consisting of two subassemblies for the construction of a structure has the components for the structural members in the first subassembly and the components required for the cladding of the structural members in the second subassembly.
  • the group of "structural members” is again subdivided into advantageous different component groups.
  • the division takes into account the different requirements of a structural system to the components.
  • a group of components 1 .1 - 1 .2 contains the handy and modular components for the supporting walls outside and inside
  • Another component group 2 contains the handy and modular components for the partition walls, as well as the group of components 3 for the half-handy and modular components and another group of components 4.1 - 4.2, which contains the handy and modular ceiling and roof elements
  • the fifth component group contains the connecting elements.
  • the handy and modular components contained in the abovementioned component groups correspond to the so-called pieces, which are assembled and connected in accordance with the modular principle.
  • the second assembly of the cladding components for the "cladding and thermal insulation” en holds the components of the component groups with which the components of the structure are clad or insulated and / or sheathed and / or planked.
  • component groups of the second module have, due to different construction materials, at least two subgroups.
  • a subgroup contains the wooden or wood-like building components for the paneling of the structural components
  • the other subgroup contains the plastic or plastic-type building components for the cladding of the structural components or structural members.
  • the cladding components are in principle also so-called game pieces, according to the modular principle, as handy and modular components available. These handy and modular components in turn cover the handy and modular components of the structure.
  • These components of the second assembly clad, dam, encase and thus enclose the components of the structure of the first assembly.
  • insulating materials are available, which are contained in a separate component group.
  • the design of the components ie the planning of the structure with the determination of the necessary dimensions, the dimensions, the cross sections, the reinforcement, etc.
  • the dead weight, the payload, the wind load, the snow load, the temperature and the design criteria for earthquakes are determined and used.
  • the calculation results of the statics serve the design of the structures.
  • the design method for wood construction or the building material wood was used. Every building must be as a whole and in its individual components, as well as on its own, stable and durable.
  • the corresponding components are then removed from the component groups of the set of components, assembled and mounted.
  • a compilation of a structural member from the set of components is to be shown on the basis of the basic component for creating a supporting structure of an outer wall.
  • the basic component is composed of the inventive components of the first module.
  • Become the basic component added components from the second assembly creates a composite device.
  • a "preassembled structural member" and / or its individual components are taken from the first subassembly of the "structural members” and the first component group 1.1 for supporting outer walls
  • a jacket stone is removed and also assigned to the structural member.
  • the individual components removed from the individual component groups are then assembled into a composite component.
  • the other required for the construction elements, eg for the partitions, for the roof and ceiling elements, for the corner elements and for the door and window closing elements, etc., can be assembled and assembled.
  • the aforementioned inventive solutions form a building system with a building construction for the construction of buildings, preferably of buildings in dry and self-construction with components from timber, preferably designed according to the timber frame construction and / or plastic construction and / or steel construction for a structure, which with components the plastic construction, preferably from the Dämmstoffbau, is covered, wherein the supporting structure consists of at least one composite component, preferably of a plurality of composite components, which is formed from a structural member, a jacket stone and a connecting element.
  • the composite component according to the invention has the advantage that at least on the outer walls of the building, the structural members of the structure and each connecting element between the structural members of a mantle stone in the composite system, preferably in the thermal insulation composite system, is covered. That is, in the bandage next to each other and superimposed arranging such composite components a complete structure or a wall in drywall and self-construction is formed, which can be built at any time of year and which meets the statutory provisions of the Heat Protection Ordinance or the Energy Saving Ordinance for buildings.
  • the outside of a support member arranged insulating element preferably designed as a shell stone, on both sides of the length and on one side the height of the structural member and completely encases the outside supports of the structural member.
  • the mantle stone lies with its the visible surface opposite longitudinal side, on the outside of the longitudinal beam of the structural member flush.
  • the one longitudinally overlapping end of the jacket stone has at the abutting surface a profiling, for example in the form of a recess, and on the side facing the structural member a contact surface for the connecting element.
  • the other, opposite end of the casing stone has at the abutment surface an overall profiling, for example in the form of a web or a spring on.
  • the profiles can be of different types, to produce a positive connection.
  • Another profiling on the transverse sides of the jacket stone could consist of a shiplap. These profilings on the cladding stones engage in a form-fitting manner with each other in the composite, wherein the abutting surfaces located on the transverse sides of the cladding stone come to lie flush against each other and form the butt joint. Due to the profiling, the vertical butt joint is not continuous in parallel.
  • the mantle stone has at least a vertical passage opening, preferably two through openings, which receive the supports of a supporting member member and form a firm joint connection with these.
  • the passage openings which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction in the jacket stone, correspond in cross section to the geometric shape and the dimensions of the supports of a structural member.
  • the cohesion between the individual components "structural member and cladding stone" previously carried out in the building system is produced, whereby the connection is of firm shape
  • the operating forces are mainly the weight of the mantle stones and the forces exerted on an external wall of a building, and it is necessary to use a variety of handy and drywall external walls to construct a drywall or self-construction external wall and composite construction elements that are easy to process, consisting of a structural member, a cladding stone and a connecting element, which can be arranged side by side and one above the other in a bandage.
  • This dressing is the innovative inventive building system em with a construction in which the structural members, similar to a masonry association, are arranged in a woodworking association.
  • a connecting element is drawn between the structural members, or inserted via joining technology.
  • the connecting element thus spaced two adjacent structural members and forms a connection with these in joining technology.
  • the connection between the structural member and a connecting element via a tongue and groove connection, wherein the double-T-beam of the structural member has a web which forms the spring at its two free ends.
  • a double T bar could also be referred to as a bar carrier, but will be referred to hereinafter as a double T bar.
  • the corresponding grooves for the webs are on both sides and spaced parallel to the vertical Narrow sides of the connecting element.
  • the grooves arranged on both sides in the connecting element respectively overlap the webs of the double T beams on the outside and inside and are therefore intermeshed with one another.
  • the groove dimensions can be adapted to the cross-sectional dimension of the web of the double T-beam.
  • the web thus fits exactly into the slot opening of the connecting element, automatically resulting in a cover of the structural member on the inside and outside. Due to the tongue and groove connection between the structural member and the connecting element, a joint between these two components is avoided. That is, the structural member of a structure is covered on both sides of the adjacent connecting elements to the vertical joints of the web of a double T-beam.
  • the web of the double-T-beam or its spring is guided and covered only by the inner side surfaces of the grooves arranged in the connecting element.
  • the bottom of the grooves is preferably recessed deeper in the connecting element, so that there is a margin between the spring head and the groove bottom. This clearance between the spring head and the groove bottom serves the components, for example, as an expansion joint.
  • the expansion joints in the connecting element offer the structural member the possibility of a slight movement.
  • the expansion joints can advantageously be lined with permanently elastic plastic or elastic insulation.
  • This taper forms the spacer, which forms the distance between two structural members in the longitudinal direction.
  • the arranged in the upper and lower region of the connecting element spacer contains no grooves on the narrow sides.
  • the spacer thus provides the measure of the distance between two structural members, so the adjacent structural members ago.
  • the abutment surfaces of the spacer of a connecting element on the end faces of a double-T-beam, or on the flanges, on the one hand, and on the other hand are the abutting surfaces of the transverse sides of the shell insulation stones flush with each other, the profilings also overlap, resulting in a closed bandage.
  • a closed bandage begins by way of example with a composite component, to which a connecting element connects, then followed by a composite component with a connecting element, etc.
  • a connection element therefore has different tasks.
  • the tasks are, on the one hand to produce the distance between the adjacent structural members and on the other hand, to record the resulting stresses within the wood from the structural member, and to compensate for deviations of a structural member.
  • the tightness and thus the thermal insulation properties of a building or an outer wall considered here by way of example are ensured by the use of the connecting elements.
  • the sheath stones provide an overlap of a structural member to cover the connecting elements as well and not to receive any continuous, outwardly inwardly extending seam.
  • the overlap of the connecting elements can be achieved by a simple shaping of the jacket stone.
  • the shaping of the jacket stone is designed such that it has on one of its transverse sides a spring projection and on the opposite transverse side a matching for the spring projection cut-out.
  • the above-described, consisting of three components, a structural member, a jacket stone and a connecting element composite component can be delivered pre-assembled as a complete composite component to the site and assembled there to the required structures.
  • Designated as a structure one here from structural members assembled components whose layers are arranged in certain associations.
  • the loads and forces are distributed not only vertically but also evenly over the entire cross-section of a structural member. Therefore, the structural members must be installed with a well-defined fürbindegard. Is thus installed in the composite.
  • the structure or the wall only gets the right grip and in the corners forms a toothing.
  • runners Association the rows, each offset by half a structural member, superimposed.
  • the structural members of a rotor layer are placed with the long side to the outside. It is important for a successful support connection, that the first row is aligned correctly.
  • the frame has a structure derived from a template.
  • the structure contains the information on where to attach a structural member.
  • the first set of composite components laid side by side and fastened.
  • the laying takes place, according to the modular system and according to the sequence described above, in a so-called rotor layer.
  • the installation begins, for example, with an entire composite component, but can also start with a half composite component.
  • the jacket stone overlaps with a in its longitudinal direction on the visible surface facing down the frame, in order not to obtain a continuous bearing joint on the frame.
  • a complete composite component can complete the process.
  • a first runner layer of a wall side of two walls is set.
  • the last composite component, as planned, followed by a corner is now the first composite component of the outgoing Wall side, the second wall side, attached laterally and laid to the end of the first runner layer of the second wall side.
  • a structural member is required as a conclusion and should be provided.
  • the outside of the outgoing composite element forms a line with the head side of the composite component (the end stone), the endstone with the outgoing composite component forming the right-angled corner of two walls.
  • the composite components are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the Wandfrow, with respective offset of the next set of composite components by half a length, is spoken by a rotor association.
  • Half the length corresponds to the binding of half a structural member.
  • the laying of the second runner layer starts at the corner.
  • the composite component of the second runner layer for the second wall side (gable wall) is placed on the first runner layer so that the head side is visible from outside this time.
  • This second runner layer which begins at the corner with the head end, ends at the end of the row with a whole structural member, thus ensuring half the binding between the underlying structural members of the first runner layer.
  • the composite component of the second runner layer for the first Wall side is placed on the first runner layer so that the outside of the outgoing composite element for the first wall side (front wall) with the head side of the composite component of the second wall side is a line.
  • the outgoing composite component of the first wall side forms with the outgoing composite component of the second wall side, the right-angled corner of the front and gable wall.
  • the second rotor layer of the first wall side is completed with a half composite component. In the corners thus results in a toothing of the structural members, since the rows of rotor layers are alternately pulled through. That is, since a wall is only one composite component, a corner is created so that each runner layer passes through to the end.
  • the second rotor layer is fastened on the first rotor layer.
  • the third runner layer or the third row of the composite components is fastened on the second row, the fourth row on the third, etc., until the intended floor height is reached.
  • the attachment can be done by means of screw connections between the structural members of the composite components. Other types of attachment and other fasteners are conceivable.
  • the floor height is determined by the layer height of a composite component and the number of layers.
  • the height of a layer results from the height of the composite component or from the height of the structural member.
  • the room height which is normally between 2.40 m and 3.20 m, only six to eight layers of composite components are required, preferably seven layers. Of course, other room heights are possible.
  • the seventh rotor layer is formed from at least one or more inventive ceiling elements.
  • the inventive construction of the ceiling element has its base in the normal inventive structural member.
  • the ceiling element therefore has the same dimensions as an inventive whole structural member and is just modular. Such an entire ceiling element can thus be installed in each runner layer 1: 1. That is, a ceiling element can be easily arranged above and beside a structural member.
  • the ceiling element is in principle a structural member with an additional function.
  • the additional function of the ceiling element is that this is the fastener for the Ceiling support in the outer and inner walls provides. Therefore, changes must be made to the normal structural member in order to be able to accommodate ceiling beams. The changes are that the vertical supports are removed in the structural member or even not used in the assembly of the ceiling element.
  • the double-T-beam of the structural member in the web at least one opening, preferably two openings. Such, with openings in the web provided double T-bar, is used for the ceiling element.
  • the two openings in the web are located in the region of the support frame from the structural member, here from the ceiling element. The openings are designed so that a horizontal beam can be accommodated as a ceiling support.
  • the beam can be a wooden beam, preferably of glulam, although other materials can be used for the ceiling support.
  • the ceiling support can also advantageously consist of a double-T beams.
  • the opening in the web corresponds to the cross section of the ceiling support used.
  • the parallel distance between the two ceiling beams in the ceiling element corresponds to the distance between the two support frames and thus the usual distances in timber construction. Other or larger distances between the ceiling beams are possible, for example, if per ceiling element only one ceiling support is pulled. Or if in a ceiling element two ceiling beams and in the next, arranged in the same rotor layer ceiling element, only one ceiling support is used. Due to this variability in the distances in the ceiling elements, equidistant support points for the ceiling beams result.
  • the height of a ceiling support corresponds to the height of a support of the support frame, whereby the ceiling support between the two bars of the support frame is guided and fixed.
  • the length of a ceiling girder is variable and is determined by the distances between the storey walls on which the ceiling girder is intended to rest with its ceiling element.
  • the long end of the ceiling support thus runs in the interior of the building and the short end points towards the outside.
  • Such a ceiling element is covered with a special jacket stone on the outside to ensure a continuous insulation layer on the outer wall.
  • the next runner layer on the ceiling element can again be done by a normal composite component on the outer wall (front and gable wall). For partition walls inside the building, a normal structural member is used again in the next runner course.
  • runner layers are re-laid, as indicated above, in the runner assembly until the next floor height is reached. Then follows again a runner layer of ceiling elements.
  • window and / or door openings are provided, which are made possible by the use of half composite components and / or half structural members. At the end of the openings, a lintel is inserted above the window and / or door openings in the next rotor layer.
  • an inventive composite component and / or inventive structural member available, which differs from the inventive base-structural member only by its length. The length of the structural member for the fall is variable, so that different window and door widths can be used.
  • the structural member for the fall can be covered with a special coat stone or with a planned roller shutter box.
  • inventive roof elements are used in the runner layers of the gable wall at designated locations instead of a composite component.
  • the roof elements serve as a carrier for the purlins of the roof.
  • a Dachpfette is a horizontal carrier in a roof construction and consists of the material wood.
  • a purlin is usually. parallel to the ridge and to the eaves of a roof.
  • the inventive roof element serves to receive a purlin.
  • the inventive construction of the roof element has its basis in the normal inventive structural member.
  • the roof element therefore has the same dimensions as an inventive whole structural member and is constructed as modular. Such a whole roof element can thus be installed in each rotor layer 1: 1. That is, a roof element can easily over and beside a structural member to be ordered.
  • the roof element is in principle a structural member with an additional function.
  • the additional function of the roof element is that this provides the attachment means for the purlins in the outer walls. Therefore, changes must be made to the normal structural member in order to be able to receive a purlin. The changes are that the vertical supports are removed in the structural member or even not used in the assembly of the roof element.
  • the first roof element which can be used alongside and above normal composite components and / or ceiling elements in a rotor layer, is the roof element for the foot purlin.
  • the The dormitorpfette lies at the foot of the rafters. This is usually the eaves area of a roof area. That is, the first roof element may be located in the first rotor layer over the rotor layer of a ceiling element.
  • the roof element is located as a whole structural member in the gable wall at the beginning and at the end of a rotor layer.
  • the next and the next but over the roof elements arranged rotor layer may again consist of the normal composite components.
  • the distance of the roof elements in the runner layers depends on the roof construction. For larger roof structures, it is necessary to use a middle purlin. For the Mittelpfette a roof element is again used at the beginning and at the end of a rotor layer.
  • the conclusion in the gable wall forms the ridge purlin.
  • the ridge purlin has its name according to its location in the ridge of the roof. It is the highest-lying purlin of the roof construction and carries its loads over the structural components arranged in the composite structural elements. From the above exemplary embodiments, it is apparent that with the inventive components of the building system, the creation of a building in dry and self-construction in a simple manner is possible. This novel design is made possible by the inventive base element, the structural member, which can be used due to its modularity in all runner layers of the walls to be created. Due to the modifications of the inventive structural member also other requirements, such as the insertion of ceilings or the construction of the roof structure, etc. can be met.
  • Modified structural members such as ceiling element, roof element, half structural members, just to show some are also modular, so that they can be installed in the same rotor layers with the base frame member. That is, the entire building construction for the construction of a shell including roof construction, carried by the construction system of the inventive structural members.
  • inventive components from the set of components are shown in the figures.
  • inventive modular component shown in Figure 2 is the base member in the embodiment of a structural member.
  • the embodiment of the structural member is the basis for the supporting wall element outside, for the supporting wall element interior, as a partition and as a supporting ceiling and roof element. Due to the different applications, different requirements are placed on the structural member. The different requirements relate on the one hand to the use of the structural member in a supporting outer wall, in a supporting inner wall, in a partition, as a ceiling element, as a roof element, as a corner element, etc. and on the other hand, it depends on the size of the component, the static properties, Thermal conductivity, mutual bonding, just to show some functions. So there are different modular components that make up the building system.
  • a modular component is the structural member for the supporting outer and inner walls. Another modular component is the structural member for the non-load-bearing inner wall. A third modular component is the structural member for the ceiling elements and the fourth modular component forms the structural member for the roof elements. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the above-indicated structural members are also formed as half or half structural members. The structural member is therefore as a supporting modular component to a special meaning and it therefore has a variety of inventive features.
  • Each of these structural / non-structural modular components is a geometric, three-dimensional, non-positive and modular structural member formed from individual elements.
  • the structure is a designation for the static overall system of the structural members, which are decisive for the stability of a building.
  • the structure of a building preferably a building, usually consists of ceilings, beams, columns, walls and the foundation. Due to the structural member of the invention, the structure of the building consists in principle only, structural members created walls.
  • a structural member is thus a wall component, which can form closed wooden walls.
  • a wooden wall produced in this way can be composed of various structural members.
  • a wooden wall may have structural members as a framework for an outer wall, structural members for the floor joists and structural members for the Dachpfetten.
  • the ceiling beams and the purlins can both preferably be made of wooden beams.
  • the different structural members from the set of components are connected together in a composite system.
  • the structural members therefore have a size that is easy to handle for home improvement and home builders and are relatively easy to install due to the material used in terms of weight.
  • the individual components of a structural member are self-explanatory and can be easily assembled without expertise.
  • the dimensions of a structural member are in the length of about 30 cm to 100 cm, in the width of about 10 cm to 40 cm and in height from about 25 cm to 50 cm, the spatial dimensions are preferred 70 cm x 30 cm x 40 cm used.
  • a structural member is formed of a central beam or support and at least one support frame, preferably of two support frames.
  • the beam is a mostly horizontally extending in construction, in relation to its length narrow and slender beams, the loads lying on walls or vertical Derives supports, using wood as the material, which has a high tensile strength.
  • the inventive structural member is structurally provided so that the horizontally extending central beam of the structural member can derive loads or forces on vertical supports.
  • the following information is provided for the understanding and explanation of the geometrical, three-dimensional shape of the structural member made of wood-frame construction.
  • the skeleton construction or the wooden skeleton of the structural member will be explained below.
  • the mirror-symmetrical axes of a support frame are perpendicular to the symmetrical longitudinal axis of the beam, and the central axis of rotation of the support frame is congruent with the longitudinal axis of the beam, whereby the symmetrical longitudinal axis and the axis of rotation have the same center.
  • the central element in the structural member is either the beam or the girder. If the central element is a beam, it consists of the building material wood or is made of similar material.
  • the central element is a carrier, it consists of the building material steel or sheet steel or is made of similar material. Carriers in square or rectangular cross-section can therefore be considered as carriers, preferably in the embodiment of a double-T carrier.
  • the web of a double-T beam or a double-T beam has a closed surface and is not, as known in the art, provided with apertures. The skeleton construction of a structural member will be apparent from the following information.
  • the support frame of the structural member consists of vertical and horizontal bars, which may be formed as solid or hollow rods.
  • the vertical bars may be square, rectangular or round in shape.
  • the horizontal bars can be formed only in square or rectangular shape.
  • a support frame composed of such rods forms a geometric body having the similar shape of a hollow profile of a square or rectangular tube.
  • Such frames usually have. a square elevation or quadrangular perimeter formed by two vertical bars and two horizontal bars.
  • the vertical bars form the supports of the supporting frame, while the horizontal bars form the bars of the supporting frame.
  • a support is the vertical component of the structural member which receives and transmits loads mainly in the direction of its longitudinal axis. The support is thus a rod-shaped pressure member.
  • the carrying capacity of such a support depends on the strength of the material chosen, the cross-sectional geometry, the length and the height of the support and on the conditions at the free ends, where they rest against a bolt and fastened.
  • the strength corresponds to the material used wood or the type of wood used.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of a column depends on whether a square, rectangular or round shape is used as a solid or hollow bar.
  • the decision as to which cross-sectional geometry is to be used depends on several construction criteria that the structural member has to fulfill, for example the statics and the length of the support or the height that corresponds at most to half the length of the structural member.
  • Such a support preferably two such supports, are used in a support frame of the structural member.
  • two support frames are used in a structural member, whereby four such supports are used in a structural member.
  • skeletal structural member it is the base part in the embodiment for supporting wall elements outside and inside. If, for example, due to a multi-storey structure of a building, the load on a structural member increases, there are various measures to accommodate the larger forces in the structural member. Measures that contribute to increasing the static properties of a structural member are, for example, the enlargement of the cross section of the central beam, preferably in the embodiment of a double-T-beam, and / or the enlargement of the cross section and the length of the bars and / or magnification the cross-section of the columns.
  • the complete structural member can replace the solid wood structural member Glued laminated timber, so-called laminated beams / wood, are produced.
  • load capacities can be achieved that are not achievable with solid wood of the same cross-section.
  • glulam wood a possible cracking in solid wood.
  • Another way to increase the strength of a structural member is the production of individual components or the complete structural member made of plastic. But it is also possible to replace only individual components of the structural member by other materials. For example, the central timber-type double T-beam can be replaced with a metal double-T beam.
  • the supporting component can be made of the material metal.
  • a metallic support element can transmit a multiple of compressive strength.
  • the structural member would thus be made of two different materials. Furthermore, it is possible to create the structural member, which is completely made of wood, exclusively from metallic materials.
  • Each structural member with a arranged support frame preferably with two arranged support frame, thus forms in principle a framework, which consists of a beam, a plurality of columns and a plurality of bars, wherein the bars form the supporting elements.
  • the bars of the support frame which are arranged around the central beam of the support member around, create a stiffener, so that the central bar can not tilt sideways and / or can rotate. Furthermore, they increase the static properties and the stability of the structural member.
  • the basis of the invention is therefore to be considered at least as a further development of the truss and truss with similarities to timber frame construction.
  • the composite of the inventive modular structural members structure according to the invention has no vertical wall posts or vertical supports and no compartments, as in the framework on.
  • the inventive structural member there are no compartments and also not needed. Nevertheless, the inventive structural member meets the structural requirements required for structural safety, eg to prevent the risk of collapse.
  • different failure mechanisms have to be proven individually. They can be broken down into system failure and local failure. In the event of a system failure, the entire system becomes unstable. An example would be the tilting of a wall (a structure) made with the inventive structural members. According to the invention this is avoided by the optimal structural design of the structural member, because the size and number of support frames, which are arranged perpendicular to the central beam of the structural member, prevent this. In the event of a local failure, a stress that is too great for the material used would occur at a localized area.
  • the two vertical supports of a support frame are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wooden beam and are each on one Side of the web of the wooden beam, preferably a double-T-beam, spaced parallel to this.
  • the supports are arranged symmetrically to the right and left of the longitudinal axis of the wooden beam.
  • the parallel distance between the vertical columns and the bridge of the double T-beam is determined by the length of the bars. The longer a bar, the further the supports are spaced from the web of the double-T-beam and the larger the bearing surface of the bolt, whereby the stability of the structural member even further increases.
  • the two end faces of a support, the upper and lower end faces, are in correspondence with one of the facing sides of an upper and lower bolt in contact.
  • the length or height of a support is determined by the height of the beam or the double-T-beam, minus the inserted into the upper and lower flange of the double-T-beam bar and their thickness or thickness.
  • the bolt of a support frame with the flange of the double-T-beam is in a plane to form with this a common surface and thus a common bearing surface.
  • the flange of the double-T-beam preferably both flanges and the bolt, preferably four bars, a stepped Kämm on.
  • a Kämm is understood a recess in a component.
  • the Kämm in the flange is arranged on the outside of the upper and lower flange and on the side facing the latch, while the Kämm is in the latch on the, the flange-facing side.
  • the Kämm in the upper and lower flange facing away from each other, while the Kämm in the two opposing bars assign each other.
  • the Kämm in the bolt is arranged symmetrically to the central transverse axis of the bolt and has a rectangular cross-section.
  • the Kämm in the two flanges and the Kämm in the upper and lower Flange of the double T-beam is arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis and is located in the broadest sense about one-fifth to one-seventh of the total length of a double-T-beam, each viewed from the front side of the double-T-beam away.
  • the distance between two lying in a plane latch on the longitudinal axis of the double-T-beam is approximately one-third to one-half of the total length of a double-T-beam and thus the structural member.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the base part of a structural member Of course, half components or halved components of a structural member have other dimensions.
  • a bolt is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a support, preferably two supports, wherein a support on the left and the other support are arranged to the right of the web of the double-T-beam.
  • the columns are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a wooden beam, with the bar crossing the double T-beam at an angle of 90 degrees. Due to the corresponding Kämm between a double T-beam and a bolt, the bolt intersects the flange of the double-T-beam perpendicular in a plane and forms a cross with the flange of the wooden beam or the double-T-beam.
  • the double-T beam of a structural member but framed by two support frame, whereby two bars cross the flange of the double-T-beam at the top and bottom sides. Due to this advantageous arrangement of the bolt is formed on the upper and lower sides of the flange a double cross. The lower footprint and the upper bearing surface of the structural member are formed from a double cross.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the structural member with the two double crosses is the prerequisite for the static load capacity and stability of the individual structural members and thus the entire structure, such as an outer wall of a building.
  • the structural member is installed in the so-called masonry association.
  • the installation takes place in principle without joint, there are only butt joints and bearing joints.
  • the Masonry Association focuses on the load distribution and load-bearing capacity of the structure.
  • the structural members are advantageously arranged in the longitudinal direction of a wall, with respective displacement of the next crowd (row) by half a length. In this convenient arrangement is spoken by a runners association.
  • an inventive half structural member is installed to achieve staggered structural members and z. B. at window and door openings to get a straight wall finish.
  • the structural members built in the runners association are positively connected by connecting means to the next structural member.
  • connecting means come in wood composite nails, screws and / or perforated steel sheets, etc., preferably screws used.
  • structural members In order to be able to create the entire building structure (overall supporting construction) from structural members, it is necessary to provide structural members in other dimensions.
  • These structural members provided according to the invention supplement the modular system and meet the requirements which can not be met by the normal structural element, the base component, described above.
  • DE 296 18 705 U1 discloses a total support structure from the timber frame construction, in which the vertical compartments are filled with blocks.
  • the wooden racks on the outside wall of the building are covered by parts of the neighboring stone blocks to the outside.
  • the shaped stones arranged on both sides of a wooden stand overlap the wooden stand on the outside. This avoids a joint between wooden stands and bricks that provides a direct connection between the building interior and the outside of the building.
  • Disadvantages are, as described above, the wood stands used and the large infills, which are filled with large, known from the prior art shaped bricks.
  • the inventive structural member and a variety of structural members built into a structure have no wooden posts and no compartments that need to be filled with stones. Since there are no usual wooden stand and stones for the compartments in the invention, no joints between the stones and the wooden stands are to be avoided.
  • the structural members of the invention including the connecting elements arises, according to the rotor assembly, a closed wall in the structure. This is achieved by the superimposed double T-beams, because they have a continuous closed web.
  • the existing between the supports of the support frame and the web of the double T-beam cavities are filled with known insulation material.
  • wood or plasterboard panels are placed on the outsides of the columns of the support frame.
  • the outer sides overlap the Plates several structural members in length and height. In height, the plates therefore overlap a plurality of rotor layers and in the length of several structural members.
  • the plates are attached to the supports of the support frame and / or on the front sides of the bars. With this measure, the leaks incurred at the butt joints and bearing joints in building the structural members are eliminated and increases the thermal resistance, or lowered the thermal conductivity.
  • thermal insulation composite system is a system for insulating the exterior walls of buildings.
  • the use of the thermal composite system has the advantage of using insulating materials for outdoor use, which meet higher standards than required in interior construction.
  • Important for this purpose and for the use of a thermal insulation composite system is, in addition to the good insulation, and the prevention of condensation in the outer wall. Due to the respective structure of the outer wall conditions for both the course of the temperature and thus the saturation vapor pressure, as well as for the course of the vapor pressure are specified.
  • the insulating material or the insulating material in the form of plates or slats attached by gluing and / or dowels on the existing wall substrate made of brick, sand-lime brick or concrete and provided with a reinforcing layer.
  • the reinforcing layer consists of Arm michsmörtel, the so-called flush, in which a tissue is embedded. The conclusion then forms an exterior plaster, the so-called finishing plaster.
  • an insulating element which is designed as a jacket stone, which meets the building physics requirements and solves the connection problem with the wall surface of a supporting outer wall. Furthermore, a jacket stone that also meets the requirements of dry and self-construction and meets the modular requirements set by the building system.
  • mantle stone can not be understood to mean a stone in the traditional sense.
  • This word composition contains the word element "coat” which is a function of the insulating element or the insulating board
  • the insulating board encases the structural element on at least one side
  • the word element "Dämm” is unique and indicates the material, while the word element "stone” It is not misleading because the material of the insulating board does not come from the solid construction, but the specific thermal conductivity A, which should be particularly low and whose main purpose is thermal insulation, is synthetic materials and / or synthetic composite materials are in use.Used foamed plastics such as polystyrene, Neopur or polyurethane or foamed elastomers based on neoprene rubber, EPDM or similar rubbery base materials.
  • the word component "stone” was chosen only because the The dimensions of the insulating board do not correspond to a slab, but rather to the dimensions of a "building stone.” In principle, this is an insulating element, which is referred to here as a shell-insulating stone An incorrectly dimensioned casing
  • the component is an insulating element made of insulating material, which forms a jacket stone, which is used to create a closed insulating layer on the outer wall of a building.
  • the invention proposes a solution to provide each "structural member" of the structure with an insulating element, hereinafter referred to as "coat stone" to provide.
  • this jacket stone like the various structural members according to the invention also, is constructed in a handy and modular manner. The mantle stone therefore has to meet the requirements for creating an insulating layer.
  • the material used for a jacket stone is one of the materials shown above.
  • an extruded polystyrene has proven to be a rigid foam for the jacket stone.
  • Sheath stones made from such materials are easy to process and, with the right surface, they are the ideal plaster backing. Furthermore they are particularly stable against pressure loads and can absorb forces together with the load-bearing structural members.
  • FIG. 1 shows a composite component according to the invention, which is arranged as a component in a supporting outer wall of a structure for a building, and
  • Figure 2 shows an inventive structural member for supporting indoor
  • Figure 3a shows an inventive structural member for partitions
  • FIG. 3b shows a structural member according to the invention for ceiling and roof elements
  • FIG. 3c shows a structural member inserted in a gable wall
  • Figure 4 shows an inventive insulating element as a jacket stone, as it is used in a composite component, and Figure 5a-b, an inventive connecting element, which is part of a composite component, and
  • the composite component 2 is, as indicated above, an inventive component of the building structure for the construction of buildings, with components from the wood and plastic and / or steel construction.
  • the complete composite component 2, according to the Fiq.1. consists essentially of the individual components of two assemblies.
  • the first module contains the individual components to the structural member 3.
  • the individual components of the structural member 3 are shown in FIG.
  • the second assembly contains the individual components for cladding and insulation of the structural members 3. Details of the cladding and insulation of a structural member 3 are performed in the Fig.4 and Fig.5.
  • a composite component 2 is mounted on a frame 7 arranged on a base plate 6 of a building.
  • a first layer of composite components 2 is mutually fitted to the frame part 7, such that the horizontal profiles of this layer profiling on the vertical surfaces (transverse sides 70, 71), the composite components 2 engage in each other.
  • the length of this layer of composite components 2 corresponds to the length of the frame 7.
  • a composite component 2 is followed by the next composite component 2 in a first rotor layer.
  • the rotor layer can end with a half composite component (not shown).
  • a further rotor layer and possibly further rotor layers of composite components 2 are placed on the lower rotor layer, whereby the profilings present at the mutually facing lower and upper layer surfaces 51 of the composite components 2 also form a positive connection between the rotor layers, ie normally in the horizontal plane cause.
  • a part of the structural member 3 is first on the frame. 7 attached.
  • the details of the structural member 3 can largely, or substantially, the description of Fiq.2 be removed.
  • the reference numerals indicated in FIG. 2 are adopted here analogously, but are not explained in more detail.
  • Structured frame 7 means that the frame 7 is designed so that it can be seen from the structured frame 7 which structural member 3 has to be arranged and fastened on the frame 7 at which position. From the determination or positioning of the structural members 3 for the first row (first runner layer) on the frame 7, the positions of the following structural members 3 automatically result in the next overlying rotor layers.
  • the jacket stone 4 is placed in the longitudinal direction 47 on the frame 7.
  • the placement of the jacket stone 4 on the frame 7 is such that the lower bearing surface I 50, which forms the standing surface of the shell stone 4, so comes to rest on the frame 7, that arranged on the jacket stone 4 on the visible surface 54 of the front longitudinal side 55 , downwardly facing projection 52 engages over the frame edge 53.
  • the visible surface 54 opposite the rear longitudinal side 56 of the jacket stone 4 is applied to the double-T-beam 8, and at the same time engages the lower longitudinal side 57 on the two ends of the bars 11, 15, facing the outside 59 of the outer wall.
  • the outside facing 59 of the outer wall latch 11, 15 are completely covered by the jacket stone 4.
  • two vertical through-holes 61, 62 see Fig.4, arranged.
  • the passage openings 61, 62 in the jacket stone 4 are such arranged that these are directly above the bars 11, 15 and grant access to them.
  • a support 14, 18 is inserted in each one of the through holes 61, 62.
  • Each support 14, 18 is forcibly guided through the through-opening 61, 62.
  • a wooden dowel is a component in connection technology that is used for materials in which a screw can not be screwed directly, such as a wood screw in wood.
  • the wooden dowels are already pre-assembled in the bolt 11 and 15, while the support 14 and 18 have on the front side to the wooden dowels corresponding cylindrical holes. In this way, a support 14, 18 with the bolt 11, 15 easily enter into a connection.
  • the lower end of the support 14, 18 is guided through the through-hole 61, 62 in the jacket stone 4 such that the wooden dowel fit into the intended cylindrical holes.
  • a connection by means of a screw is therefore not necessary because a wooden dowel - similar to a nail - the connection between a bolt 11, 15 and a support 14, 18 produces itself.
  • the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 are already attached to the lower bars 11, 15, so that the jacket stone 4 only has to be pushed over the supports 14, 18.
  • the further assembly is carried out as described below.
  • the two bars 12, 16 are now mounted, thus creating the upper double cross 28, 29 of the structural member 3.
  • For positioning of the two bars 12, 16 serve the Kämm 38 in the flange 23, 24th of the double-T-beam 8 and the recess 63, 64 in the jacket stone 4, see Fig.4.
  • the bars 12, 16 can now be screwed together by means of screw connection with the supports 13, 14, 17, 18.
  • the same connection technique can be used with wooden dowels, as between the lower bars 11, 15 and the lower ends of the supports 13, 14, 17, 18.
  • the structural member 3 is thus completed and the jacket stone 4 is fixedly connected to the structural member 3 via the supports 14, 18 and bolt 11, 12, 15, 16.
  • the previously created structural member 3 and the jacket stone 4 are completed with a connecting element 5.
  • the mantle 4 arranged on the bearing surface 66 is used.
  • the connecting element 5 is pushed laterally along the contact surface 66 until the groove 65 of the connecting element 5 engages over the web 25 of the double-T-beam 8.
  • a first complete composite component 2 for a supporting structure 1 of a supporting outer wall is mounted.
  • a next composite component 2 is mounted on the prestructured frame 7, to the right of the first composite component 2, to complete the first rotor layer.
  • the procedure is as stated above and the next lower double cross 26, 27 of a supporting member member 3 attached to supporting outer walls.
  • the second jacket stone 4 in the longitudinal direction 47 on the frame 7 now additionally engages the arranged on the transverse side 70 of the shell stone 4 profiling in the form of a stepped rebate 49 on the, arranged on the transverse side 71 of the first cladding stone 4 profiling.
  • the two profiles correspond to each other.
  • the structural member 3 comes from the second composite component 2 on the connecting element 5 for concern.
  • a composite component 2 of the second row (the second rotor layer) is now mounted on the composite component 2 of the first row.
  • the composite components 2 in the longitudinal direction 47 of the Wandfrow, with each offset by half a length to arrange.
  • Half the length corresponds to the binding of half a structural member (not shown).
  • the laying of the second rotor layer thus begins with a half structural member on an underlying whole structural member 3, whereby half a transition between the underlying structural members 3 and the underlying composite components 2 of the first rotor layer arises.
  • the attachment of the half-structural member on the underlying entire structural member 3 is effected in that the simple lower cross of the half structural member is fixed on the upper cross 28 of the structural member 3 by means of screw.
  • the assembly of the half composite component takes place in the same manner as the assembly of a whole composite component 2.
  • a connecting element 5 is arranged to connect a next entire structural member 3 can.
  • the lower double cross 26, 27 of the structural member 3 from the second rotor layer comes to lie on the upper double cross of two different structural members 3, due to the half bandage. That is, the cross 26 lies on the cross 29 and the cross 27 rests on the cross 28 and is fastened by means of screw connection.
  • a mantle stone 4 on the underlying mantle stone 4 is carried out such that the lower bearing surface I 50, which forms the base of the upper mantle stone 4, so on the lower Jacket insulation stone 4 comes to lie that the upper jacket stone 4 arranged on the visible surface 54 of the front longitudinal side 55, downwardly facing projection 52, engages in the disposed on the upper longitudinal side 58 recess 72. That is, the support surface 20 of a support member 3 arranged in a first runner layer serves the support surface 19 of a supporting structure member 3 arranged above it, the lower support surface 19 of an upper support member 3 resting on the upper support surface 20 of the lower support member 3.
  • the third runner layer or the third row of the composite components 2 is fastened on the second row, the fourth row on the third, etc., until the intended floor height is reached.
  • the attachment can be done by means of screw connections between the structural members 3 of the composite components 2. Other types of attachment and other fasteners are conceivable.
  • the inventive three components are based on the "structural member” 3, "connecting element” 5 and “insulating stone” 4. From these three structural elements 3, 4, 5 different structures 1 for the The advantage of these inventive components 3, 4, 5 is on the one hand that they can be installed in dry and self-construction and on the other hand, that the structural member 3 after the model of a building block, from a variety of handy individual components of anyone can be assembled.
  • a geometrical, three-dimensional and non-positive component 3 according to the invention formed from vertical and horizontal bars in wood-skeleton construction can be seen in the illustrated illustration.
  • the structural member 3 is, as indicated above, an inventive component of the building structure for the construction of structures, with components from the wood and / or steel construction.
  • a structural member 3 created in wood skeleton construction which is used for load-bearing inner and outer walls of a building.
  • the structural member 3, according to FIG. 2 ⁇ corresponds identically to the structural element 3 of FIG. 1 contained in the composite element 2.
  • the reference numbers shown in FIG. 1 are adopted here analogously.
  • the structural member 3 consists of a central beam 8, which is formed as a double T-beams 8 and the support frame formed from two vertical and horizontal bars I 9 and II 10.
  • the central double-T beams 8 forms the extending in the longitudinal direction 47 inner and outer sides 32, 33 and the two transverse sides 30, 31 of the support member 8.
  • the transverse sides 30, 31 are hereinafter referred to as end faces 30, 31.
  • the vertical and horizontal bars here preferably made of the material wood, form the bars 11, 12, 15, 16 and the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 of the two support frames 9, 10.
  • the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16 and the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 have a rectangular cross-section.
  • the first support frame 9 is formed from the two bars 11, 12 and the two supports 13, 14 and the second support frame 10 from the two bars 15, 16 and the two supports 17, 18.
  • Such, from bars 11, 12, 15, 16 and supports 13, 14, 17, 18 formed support frame I, II 9, 10 corresponds to a rectangular structure, similar to a four-channel ring or a rectangular perforated plate.
  • the rectangular structure of a support frame I, II 9, 10 is pierced centrally and vertically by the central double T-beam 8 on the X and Y axes 35, 36. Because the support frame I 9 and II 10 is arranged perpendicular to the double-T-beam 8, the two supports are located 13, 17 on the inner longitudinal side 32 and the two supports 14, 18 on the outer longitudinal side 33 of the double T-beam 8.
  • the four arranged supports 13, 14, 17, 18 parallel to the web 25 of the double-T-beam 8 spaced.
  • the distance of the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 from the web 25 is determined by the length of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16 and is equal on each side of the web 25.
  • the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 34 of the central double-T-beam 8.
  • the latches 11, 15 are arranged as a crossing pair on the lower flange 23 and the latches 12, 16 as a crossing pair on the upper flange 24.
  • the crossing pairs are spaced in parallel by the web 25 of the double T-beam 8 and are correspondingly opposed. That is, a support member 3 is composed of the following individual components, a double T-beam 8, also referred to as a web support 8, four bars 11, 12, 15, 16 and four supports 13, 14, 17, 18, joined together. From a large number of such, made of individual timber components structural member 3, a supporting structure 1, as shown for example in Fiq.3c, created.
  • each support member 3 an identical base 19 at the bottom, an identical support surface 20 at the top, identical side surfaces 39, 40, 41, 42 on the longitudinal sides 32, 33 and two identical abutment surfaces 21, 22 2 , 22 ' at the end faces 30, 31 has.
  • the identical outer side surfaces 39, 40, 41, 42 on the longitudinal sides 32, 33 of the structural member 3 are formed by the projecting from the double T-beam 8 supports 13, 14, 17, 18.
  • these surfaces 19, 20, 21, 22, 39, 40, 41, 42 are located on each structural member 3 in the same places, whereby a compatibility of the structural members 3 is ensured with each other.
  • the geometric dimensions of a structural member 3 arise on the one hand from the length of the double-T-beam 8 and on the other hand from the length of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16, wherein the length of all bars 11, 12, 15, 16 is the same.
  • the length 43 of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16 corresponds to the width 44 of the structural member 3.
  • Different widths are achieved in that a different length in the bars 11, 12, 15, 16 of the support frame I, II 9, 10 is used.
  • Shorter bars 11, 12, 15, 16, such as those of normal length in the base structural member 3, provide a smaller width.
  • Longer bars 11, 12, 15, 16, as present in the normal length in the base frame member 3, give a greater width.
  • the height of the structural member 3 is determined by the height of the web 25.
  • the base 19 of a structural member 3 is formed on the one hand by the web support 8 and on the other hand by the two lower bars 11, 15 of the support frame I, II 9, 10.
  • the two lower latches 11, 15, which are arranged perpendicular to the lower flange 23 of the web support 8 and lie with the flange 23 in a plane, form a standing surface 19.
  • the support surface 20th is also formed of a first cross 28, consisting of the bolt 12 and the flange 24, and a second cross 29, consisting of the latch 16 and the flange 24.
  • the support surface 20 therefore also consists of a double cross 28, 29, which is spaced by the height of the web 25 of the web support 8 parallel to the lower double cross 26, 27 and corresponds with this.
  • the stand 19 and support surface 20, which is spanned by the lower and upper double cross 26, 27, 28, 29 corresponds on the one hand the size of the surface for receiving and discharging the forces occurring in the structure 1 and on the other hand serves the next structural member 3 as a contact surface , That is, the support surface 20 of a, arranged in a first runner layer support member 3, serves the support surface 19 of an overlying structural member 3 as an investment, the lower base 19 of an upper support member 3 on the upper support surface 20 of the lower support member 3 comes to rest.
  • the solutions of the tasks set are shown by the previously shown inventive modular structural member 3, which can be installed in self- and drywall and with easy handling by anyone. Further advantageous embodiments of structural members 45, 75, 80 are shown in the figures below.
  • FIG. 1 the support member 45 for the non-supporting inner walls, which are referred to as partitions, can be seen.
  • the structural member 45 for the partitions differs from the structural member 3 for supporting outer and inner walls only by the width.
  • the length and the height of the structural member 45 correspond to the length and height of the structural member 3. That is, the length and height is advantageously determined by the same double T-beam 8, which is used in the structural member 3.
  • the width 44 of the structural member 3 is determined by the length 43 of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16.
  • the support member 45 for the partition is due to a low static requirement, such a width 44 for the support member 45 but not needed.
  • the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16 are removed and the Supports 13, 14, 17, 18 therefore directly to the double-T-beam 8, and the web support 8, flanged.
  • the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 in the embodiment for the structural member 45 are slightly longer than in the base structural member 3.
  • the length of the supports 13, 14, 17, 18 now correspond to the height of the double-T-beam 8.
  • a waiver of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16 also means a waiver of the tag frame 9, 10 according to the Fiq.2.
  • the width 46 which results in the support member 45 for the partitions, is determined by the width of the flanges 23, 24 of the web support 8 and the cross section and the strength of the supports 13, 14, 17, 18. These parameters also determine the size of the stand 19 and support surface 20 of the structural member 45 for the partitions.
  • the structural members 45 are clad with insulating material and then provided to increase the stability with wood panels.
  • the structural member 75 for the ceiling element is shown in Fig.3b.
  • the structural member 75 of the ceiling element has the same dimensions as an inventive whole structural member 3 for the supporting outer and inner walls.
  • the structural member 75 is constructed as modular and has the two typical double crosses 26, 27 and 28, 29 on the lower side and on the upper side.
  • Such a structural member 75 can therefore be installed as a ceiling element in each rotor layer 1: 1. That is, a structural member 75 for a ceiling element can be easily arranged above and next to a whole and / or half structural member 3.
  • the structural member member 75 for a ceiling element is in principle an advantageous development of the base support member 3.
  • the vertical supports 13, 14, 17, 18 in the structural member 3 have been removed because they are no longer needed for the ceiling element.
  • a ceiling beam 76, 76 ' is used, advantageously consisting of a double T-beam 76, 76 ' , wherein the double-T-beam 76, 76 " , in turn, a web support
  • the double-T-beam 8 of the structural member 75 has two openings 77, 78 in the web 25. Each of the openings 77, 78 can receive a ceiling beam 76, 76 " .
  • the ceiling beam 76 is clamped between the two bars 11, 12 and the ceiling beams 76 " between the bars 15, 16.
  • the bars 11, 12 and 15, 16 form for the ceiling beams 76, 76 a guide.
  • the cross-section of the openings 77, 78 in the web 25 corresponds to the cross-section of the ceiling beams 76, 76 used on the outer side 59 of the support member 75 may be arranged a jacket stone (not shown), which is similar to the known jacket stone 4 executed.
  • the jacket stone for the structural member 75 is adapted to the particular design of the structural member 75 to obtain a closed outer wall.
  • the parallel distance of the two ceiling beams 76, 76 in the structural member 75 for the ceiling elements corresponds to the distance of the double crosses 26, 27 and 28, 29.
  • the height of a ceiling beam 76, 76 corresponds to the height of a support 13, 14, 17, 18 between the bars 11, 12 and 15, 16 of a base structural member 3.
  • the length of a ceiling beam 76, 76 is variable and is determined by the distances of the floor walls on which the ceiling beam 76, 76 with its structural member 75 should rest.
  • a structural member 80 for the roof element has the same dimensions as an inventive whole structural member 3 for the supporting outer and inner walls.
  • the structural member 80 is also modular and has the two typical double crosses 26, 27 and 28, 29 on the lower side and on the upper side.
  • Such a structural member 80 can therefore be installed as a roof element in each rotor layer 87 1: 1. That is, a structural member 80 for a roof element can be easily arranged above and next to a whole and / or half structural member 3.
  • the structural member 80 for a roof element is in principle an advantageous development of the base support member 3.
  • a purlin 81 is used for this purpose.
  • the double-T-beam 8 of the structural member 80 in the web 25 has an opening 82.
  • the opening 82 can receive a purlin 81.
  • a purlin 81 is clamped between the two bars 11, 12 or the bars 15, 16, which form a guide for the purlin 81.
  • the inclusion of a purlin 81, 85, 86 in the structural member 80 is analogous to the inclusion of a ceiling beam 76, 76 ' in the structural member 75 to see.
  • the cross-section of the opening 82 in the web 25 corresponds to the cross-section of the purlins 81 used.
  • a jacket stone (not shown), which is designed similar to the known jacket stone 4.
  • the jacket stone is designed for the structural member 80 and adapted to its specific design to obtain a closed outer wall.
  • the cladding stone has a through opening 90 for the purlin 81, so that the purlin 81 is also available outside the outer wall, shown here on a gable wall 83 to accommodate a rafter 84 on the verge outside the gable wall 83 can.
  • the first structural member 80 for a roof member may be located in the first rotor layer 87 above the rotor layer of a structural member 75 of a ceiling member.
  • the roof element is located as a whole structural member 80 in the gable wall 83 at the beginning and at the end of a rotor layer 87. Due to the symmetrical properties of the structural member 80, the structural member 80 may be at the beginning of a runner layer, e.g. in the rotor layer 87, as well as at the end of the rotor layer 87 are used. At the beginning of the rotor layer 87 is the opening 82 for the purlin 81 in the structural member 80 at the double cross 26, 28.
  • the structural member 80 is about its, to the longitudinal axis 34 in a horizontal plane lying perpendicular, (see Fig.2) just turned 180 degrees. Because the structural member 80 is turned in the longitudinal direction 47 or about its transverse axis, the opening 80 is now in the region of the double cross 27, 29. Thus, the same structural member 80 can be used both on one side and on the other side of the roof.
  • the distance between the roof elements in the rotor layers 87, 88, 89 depends on the roof construction.
  • a middle purlin 85 For larger roof structures it is necessary to use a middle purlin 85.
  • a roof element at the beginning and at the end of a rotor layer 89 is used.
  • the conclusion in the gable wall 83 forms the ridge purlin 86.
  • the ridge purlin 86 has its name according to their location in the ridge of the roof. It is the highest-lying purlin of the roof structure, which dissipates its loads in the arranged in the composite structural elements 2 structural members 3.
  • the gable wall 83 represents a part of a building in Rohbauschreib.
  • Insulating elements 4 are components from the plastic industry, preferably from Dämmstoffbau, the components relevant here are insulating elements 4 from the insulating material, which at the shock 67, 68 and bearing surfaces 50, 51 have a profiling and with vertical cavities, which through-holes 61, 62, are provided, which in the runners Association up and next to each other stacked form-locking interlock.
  • These insulating elements 4 are preferably formed as shell insulating stones 4, as they are used in a composite component 2, according to the Fiq.1.
  • An insulating element 4, which forms a jacket stone 4 forms with the structural member 3, a composite system that is used for the construction of closed outer walls.
  • the mantle stone 4 thus serves the cladding and the thermal insulation of a skeletal structure created structural member 3.
  • the mantle stone 4 has for this purpose a cuboid structure, which is based on the dimensions of the structural member 3.
  • the cuboid geometric body 73 of the jacket stone 4 has four longitudinal sides 55, 56, 57, 58 and two transverse sides 70, 71.
  • the four longitudinal sides 55, 56, 57, 58 consist of the front longitudinal side 55, the rear longitudinal side 56, the lower longitudinal side 57 and the upper longitudinal side 58 and two transverse sides 70, 71 consist of the left transverse side 70 and the right transverse side 71, which together form the cuboid shell stone 4.
  • the front longitudinal side 55 corresponds to the visible surface 55 which has a profiling on its two longitudinal edges 91, 92 and on the two transverse edges 93, 94.
  • the profiling consists of a shiplap 49.
  • the shiplap 49 in the example shown, has at the lower longitudinal edge 92 of the visible surface 54 on a downwardly facing projection 52, and at the opposite, parallel spaced upper longitudinal edge 91 of the visible surface 54 is a recess 93.
  • a recess 97 is arranged at the front transverse edge 93 of the visible surface 54.
  • the projection 52 corresponds to the recess 93, and the projection 96 with the recess 97.
  • the stepped rebate 49 is formed because the opposing transverse surfaces 70, 71, which form the butt joint and the other two opposing stand 50 and support surface 51, which form the bearing joint, have a profiling.
  • the profiling can also consist of a tongue and groove connection.
  • adjacent mantle stones 4 can be intermeshed, which increases the stability of the mantle stones 4 and thus also of the structural members 3.
  • the laying of the mantle stones 4 is facilitated and after laying in the composite results in a closed visible surface 54 on the outside 59 of a complete outer wall.
  • the jacket stone 4 which is formed from a cuboid body 73, has at the longitudinal 91, 92 and transverse edges 94, 94 of the visible surface 54 a stepped rebate 74 and on the visible surface 54 opposite longitudinal side 56, at least one profiling.
  • the profiling relates to a spacer block 74, preferably two spacer blocks 74, 79, wherein a maximum of four spacer blocks 74, 79 may be arranged on the rear longitudinal side 56.
  • the spacer blocks 74, 79 form for the Manteldämmstein 4 a contact surface 98, 99 for the web 25 of the double-T-beam 8.
  • the spacer blocks 74, 79 therefore contribute to the positioning and stability of the jacket stone 4 on the double T-beam 8 at.
  • the spacer blocks 74, 79 are part of the connection between the structural member 3 and the jacket stone 4. Another investment of the shell stone 4 on the double T-beam 8 via the rear surface 100, from which the spacer blocks 74, 79 protrude.
  • the rear surface 100 rests with its longitudinal side 56 on the lower flange 23 and the upper flange 24 of the double T-beam 8, wherein the rear surface 100 forms a contact surface 101 extending in the longitudinal direction 47. Since the flanges 23, 24 protrude symmetrically on both sides of the web 25 with respect to this, the entire rear surface 100 of the jacket stone 4 can not rest on the double T-bar 8.
  • the contact surface 101 between the jacket stone 4 and the double T-beam 8 results from the two, facing the outside 59 of the outer wall and extending in the longitudinal direction 47 side surfaces 102, 103 (see Fiq.2) of the flanges 23, 24.
  • the contact surface 101 is shown in FIG. 4 as hatched area. Therefore, a spacer block 74, 79 bridges the distance between the rear surface 100 of the jacket stone 4 and the web 25 of the double-T-beam. 8
  • the rear surface 100 on the rear longitudinal side 56 on a further profiling consists of a raised abutment surface 66.
  • the raised abutment surface 66 adjoins the end of the rear surface 100.
  • the rear surface 100 serves the supporting member 3 as an attachment.
  • the contact surface 66 serves the connecting element 5 as a contact and guide system.
  • the contact surface 66 therefore joins at the end of the rear surface 100 to this and ends at the transverse side 71.
  • This contact surface 66 for the connecting element 5 is also shown hatched.
  • at least one vertical groove, preferably four grooves, which are formed as air pockets 104, is provided in the longitudinal side 56 of the rear surface 100 of the jacket stone 4.
  • the vertically arranged air pockets 104 on the back of the mantle stones 4 are used after assembly with the structural members 3 of the rear ventilation in the created outer walls.
  • a jacket stone 4 is provided with at least one continuous vertical cavity, preferably with two cavities.
  • Each cavity forms a passage opening 61, 62.
  • Both passage openings 61, 62 are located on the one hand on the upper longitudinal side 58 in the support surface 51 and on the other hand on the lower longitudinal side 57 in the support surface 50.
  • the passage openings 61, 62 are parallel to the two spaced surfaces 54, 100 and to the transverse sides 70, 71 and perpendicular to the stand 50 and support surface 51.
  • the distance of the passage openings 61, 62 to each other, is viewed in the longitudinal direction 47, by the distance of the lower latch 11 and 15 and the upper latch 12th and 16 in the double T-bar 8, and the passage openings 61, 62 serve to receive the two supports 14, 18.
  • These passage openings 61, 62 therefore have a square or rectangular cross section, which is defined by the cross section of the supports 14, 18 is determined.
  • the visible surface 54 on the front longitudinal side 55 forms a flat surface which is provided with a circumferential stepped rabbet 49.
  • the parallel spaced rear longitudinal side 56 forms the rear surface 100, which has elevations in the form of spacer blocks 74, 79 and a contact surface 66.
  • the lower standing surface 50 and the upper support surface 51 both form a flat surface, which are pierced by two through holes 61, 62 and the four recesses 63, 63 ⁇ 64, 64 ' have.
  • These four recesses 63, 63 ⁇ 64, 64 ' serve to receive the two lower latches 11, 15 and the two upper latches 12, 16.
  • the recess 63 ' occupies the latch 11, the recess 64 ' the latch 15, the recess 63 the latch 12 and the recess 64 on the latch 16.
  • the recesses 63, 63 ' , 64, 64 ' are arranged in the jacket stone 4 such that the strength of the bars 11, 12, 15, 16 is completely absorbed. That is, the depth of the recesses 63, 63 ' , 64, 64 ' corresponds to the thickness or the thickness of the bolt 11, 12, 15, 16. That is, the latch 11, 12, 15, 16 are flush in the stand 50th and bearing surface 51 embedded. Furthermore, the depressions 63, 63 ' , 64, 64 ' are perpendicular to the passage openings 61, 62, the depressions 63, 63 ' adjoining the passage opening 61 and the depressions 64, 64 ' adjoining the passage opening 62.
  • the recesses 63 ' and 64 ' extend parallel in the standing surface 50 of the lower longitudinal side 57, while the recesses 63 and 64 extend parallel to the support surface 51 of the upper longitudinal side 58.
  • the recesses 63, 63 ' , 64, 64 ' form a channel 105, 15 ' , 106, 106 ' , in which the bars 11, 12, 15, 16 are forcibly guided from three sides and thus a part of the support frame I, II. 9 , 10 and encase, wherein the channels 105, 105 ' , 106, 106 ' transverse to the longitudinal side 55, 56 are arranged.
  • Fiq.5a and Fig.5b show a perspective view of an inventive connecting element 5, which is used to complete a composite component 2 (see Figure 1).
  • a connecting element 5 ensures the connection and the distance between two adjacent structural members 3.
  • the connecting element 5 is an inventive component of the building construction for the construction of structures, as indicated above, and is of wood and / or plastic construction.
  • the connecting element 5 consists of a frame wood, in the form of a rectangular column as a stiffening construction component.
  • the Rectangular column is used in vertical orientation. It has two flat, parallel spaced top surfaces 107, 107 " and two, relative to the horizontal narrow sides 109, 109 " , long vertical parallel spaced narrow sides 108, 108 " and two short horizontal parallel spaced narrow sides 109, 109 " on.
  • the connection member made of a rectangular pillar 5 formed as a double U-embodiment, the U-profile outside into the narrow vertical longitudinal sides 108, "is disposed.
  • This in the narrow vertical longitudinal sides 108, 108" 108 oppositely disposed U-profile corresponds to slots which are formed as grooves 65, 65 "
  • the groove width 110 corresponds to the thickness of the web 25 of the double T-beams 8, the web 25 is in principle the spring of a tongue and groove connection 6, the spring of the web 25 does not touch the groove base 112, but there is a clearance between the spring head and the groove base 112, or an air gap remains as an expansion joint
  • the corresponding grooves 65, 65 " for the side-by-side webs 25 of the structural members 3 are located on both sides and parallel spaced on the vertical narrow sides of the connecting element 5.
  • the both sides in the connecting element ang eordneten grooves 65, 65 " each overlap the webs 25 of the double T-beams 8 on the outside and inside and are therefore interlocked.
  • a rectangular column has eight corners. In the present connecting element 5, these eight corners have been removed, resulting in four inwardly facing steps 113, 113 " , 114, 114 " at the eight corners.
  • the height of the steps 113, 113 " , 114, 114 " corresponds to the thickness of the flanges 23, 24 of the double T-beam 8 and the depth of the steps 113, 113 " , 114, 114 " corresponds approximately to the groove depth 111
  • the steps 113, 114 and 113 " , 114 " remaining web forms the spacers 69, 69 " .
  • the connecting element 5 therefore has on both sides in the upper and lower region, or at the end of the narrow sides 108, 108 “ , 109, 109 " one Tapering in the form of a step 113, 113 " , 114, 114 “ , this taper forming the spacer 69, 69 " , which in the longitudinal direction 47 forms the distance between two structural members 8.
  • the upper and lower area of the Connecting element 5 arranged spacers 69, 69 ' contains on the vertical narrow sides 108, 108 ' no groove 65, 65 ⁇
  • the spacer 69, 69 ' in turn has three surfaces, all of which are perpendicular to each other and which are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 116.
  • the abutment surfaces 67, 68 and 67 ' , 68 ' are each spaced parallel and in the vertical direction, while the end surface 115, 115 'is located at the same height with the flange 23, 24 of the double-T-beam 8. That is, the height of the connecting element 5 lying between the two end faces 115, 115 ' corresponds to the height of the double T-bar 8.
  • the front 107 and the rear flat top surface 107 ' have, due to the introduced steps 113, 113 ' , 114 , 114 ' , an approximately cross-shaped surface, wherein the rear cover surface 107 ' corresponds to the contact surface 66 on the jacket stone 4 and comes to rest on the assembly after this.
  • the connecting element 5 is formed symmetrically, so that a rotation about the longitudinal axis 116 by 180 degrees, when inserting between two adjacent structural members 3, easily possible. A swapping between above and below, ie, a rotation of the connecting element 5 about its transverse axis 117 by 180 degrees, is also possible.
  • Such connecting elements 5 are used in horizontal rotor layers, where the composite components 2 are arranged side by side.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne de manière générale le domaine de la construction dont les éléments sont en bois et en matériaux isolants. Les éléments porteurs de la structure d'un bâtiment sont assemblés dans un mode de construction en ossature de l'invention pour donner un élément structurel modulaire en bois. Un élément structurel peut être mis en place en autoconstruction à sec en toute saison, sans utiliser de mortier ni de ciment. Un grand nombre de ces éléments structurels maniables placés en panneresse forment les murs d'un bâtiment en maçonnerie brute. Les éléments structurels individuels sont revêtus d'un élément isolant selon l'invention, configuré en pierre d'habillage isolante. On obtient ainsi une couche isolante fermée au niveau du mur extérieur dans le système composite qui inclut l'élément structurel. L'élément structurel et la pierre d'habillage isolante forment, conjointement avec l'élément de liaison, la base d'un nouveau système de construction.
PCT/DE2014/000095 2013-04-23 2014-03-01 Système de construction de bâtiments en autoconstruction à sec Ceased WO2014173381A1 (fr)

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DE102013104077.2A DE102013104077A1 (de) 2013-04-23 2013-04-23 Bausystem mit einer Baukonstruktion zur Erstellung von Bauwerken in Trocken- und Selbstbauweise
DE102013104077.2 2013-04-23

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EP3204568A1 (fr) * 2014-10-12 2017-08-16 Stelmaszcyk, Gregor Construction d'ossatures porteuses à partir d'une pluralité d'éléments d'ossature porteuse individuels, modulaires, compatibles et faciles à manier, pour édifices en bois préfabriqués à monter à sec et en autoconstruction
WO2021140198A1 (fr) 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Johannes Wolf Système de production d'éléments de pièce tels que des murs
CN114961197A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 广州盈德建筑工程有限公司 一种安全可靠的建筑外双排脚手架及其搭设方法

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CN119825052B (zh) * 2025-01-07 2026-04-24 中建科工集团有限公司 板材框架组件及其施工方法

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DE19502979A1 (de) 1995-01-31 1996-08-08 Bodo Zschoppe Bausatz für eine Wand
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3204568A1 (fr) * 2014-10-12 2017-08-16 Stelmaszcyk, Gregor Construction d'ossatures porteuses à partir d'une pluralité d'éléments d'ossature porteuse individuels, modulaires, compatibles et faciles à manier, pour édifices en bois préfabriqués à monter à sec et en autoconstruction
WO2021140198A1 (fr) 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Johannes Wolf Système de production d'éléments de pièce tels que des murs
DE102020100374A1 (de) 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Johannes Wolf System zum Herstellen von Raumelementen
CN114961197A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-08-30 广州盈德建筑工程有限公司 一种安全可靠的建筑外双排脚手架及其搭设方法
CN114961197B (zh) * 2022-06-15 2024-03-29 广州盈德建筑工程有限公司 一种安全可靠的建筑外双排脚手架及其搭设方法

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