WO2014175209A1 - Dispositif de purification de gaz et procédé de purification de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de purification de gaz et procédé de purification de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014175209A1
WO2014175209A1 PCT/JP2014/061147 JP2014061147W WO2014175209A1 WO 2014175209 A1 WO2014175209 A1 WO 2014175209A1 JP 2014061147 W JP2014061147 W JP 2014061147W WO 2014175209 A1 WO2014175209 A1 WO 2014175209A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
porous ceramic
water
fired body
ceramic fired
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
宏介 富樫
森　幸治
剛志 大田
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Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd
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Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2013092927A external-priority patent/JP6162467B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2013092928A external-priority patent/JP6118168B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP2013180276A external-priority patent/JP6232679B2/ja
Application filed by Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd filed Critical Komatsu Seiren Co Ltd
Publication of WO2014175209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014175209A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/025—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with wetted adsorbents; Chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2065—Ammonium hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/402—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/408—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of barium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/602—Oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/608—Sulfates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/61—Phosphates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
    • B01D2252/102—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/204—Amines
    • B01D2252/20415—Tri- or polyamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20707—Titanium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20792—Zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
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    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D2257/406—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7025—Methane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/704—Solvents not covered by groups B01D2257/702 - B01D2257/7027
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0266—Other waste gases from animal farms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas purification device, a gas purification method, a waste treatment device, and a drying treatment device.
  • This application is filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-092927 filed in Japan on April 25, 2013, Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-092928 filed in Japan on April 25, 2013, and in Japan on August 2, 2013. The priority is claimed based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-161805 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-180276 filed in Japan on August 30, 2013, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Undesirable odorous substances such as ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, acetic acid, methane, and dust, harmful substances, and dust are generated from kitchen waste, sewage sludge, poultry and sewage from poultry farms and pig farms, etc. There are things to do.
  • the generated unnecessary substances are removed by various methods. As a method for removing unnecessary substances at low cost, there is a method in which slag and clay are mixed, an acidic substance or a basic substance is supported on a fired ceramic porous body, and a gas containing unnecessary substances is passed through the ceramic porous body.
  • Patent Document 1 Known (Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 2 As a method for treating sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant, a household / large-scale septic tank, or a treatment plant of a food factory, the sludge is carbonized using a continuous carbonization device to produce fuel, fertilizer, and water purification. Disclosed is a method for making powder coal that can be used as an agent and a soil conditioner.
  • Patent Document 3 organic sludge discharged from sewers is heat-treated at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 800 ° C. and in a state where the outside air blocking property is enhanced (ie, low oxygen state, reducing atmosphere). A method of obtaining sludge carbide is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 4 sludge discharged from a rural settlement wastewater treatment facility, a sewage treatment plant, an organic wastewater treatment facility, etc. is carbonized at 450 to 550 ° C. using a rotary kiln type carbonization furnace, and the resulting carbide is deodorized. Use as an agent is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 5 organic waste such as sludge is heated in a low oxygen state to generate carbides, malodorous substances in the gas discharged at that time are treated with a platinum precious metal catalyst, microbubbles.
  • a method of removing by at least one of ozone treatment used and plasma treatment using high-temperature plasma has been proposed.
  • Patent Document 6 a drying process is performed for the purpose of reducing the volume of organic waste containing water such as garbage, food processing residue, and sewage sludge, preventing spoilage, and recycling.
  • Patent Document 6 describes using a bag filter to remove fine powder contained in steam exhausted during a drying process.
  • Patent Document 7 discloses a method for deodorizing malodorous components contained in gas discharged during sludge drying treatment by mixing microorganisms containing enzymes into sludge and the like, fermenting organic sludge, and deodorizing the cooling tower.
  • a method of using cooling water as a deodorizing fluid for scrubbers and a method of decomposing and removing odor components and water-soluble harmful substances by adding microorganisms containing enzymes to the cooling water are described.
  • Patent Document 8 describes a method of using ozone to remove malodorous components contained in the gas discharged during sludge drying.
  • Patent Document 9 also describes a bag filter, a bag filter filter cloth to which an alkali agent such as slaked lime is attached, and a catalyst deodorizing device such as platinum.
  • Japanese Patent No. 4063316 JP-A-6-128576 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-80386 JP 2006-63105 A JP 2013-43149 A JP 2006-17335 A JP 2010-236731 A JP 2008-104986 A JP 2009-66563 A
  • Patent Document 4 did not provide sufficient deodorization properties.
  • the unnecessary substance removing method described in Patent Document 5 is expensive and impractical.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a gas purification device, a gas purification method, and a waste treatment device that can sufficiently remove unnecessary substances in a gas at low cost.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus capable of sufficiently removing unnecessary substances generated during heat treatment for drying waste, particularly unnecessary substances contained in exhaust gas, at low cost. To do.
  • the present invention has the following configuration.
  • the first purifier having two or more spraying means for spraying water on the gas, and the second purifying part having an adsorbing means made of a porous ceramic fired body for purifying the gas are provided.
  • a gas purification apparatus in which a purification unit and the second purification unit are connected.
  • [3A] The gas purification according to [1A] or [2A], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is obtained by mixing the raw materials for the porous ceramic fired body and then firing without drying. apparatus.
  • [4A] The gas purification apparatus according to any one of [1A] to [3A], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is a granular material.
  • the second purification unit includes water supply means for supplying water to the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the water supplied by the water supply unit includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant.
  • [7A] A gas purification method comprising a first purification step of spraying water from two or more locations in a gas and a second purification step of purifying the gas with a porous ceramic fired body.
  • [8A] The gas purification method according to [7A], wherein the second purification step is performed after the first purification step.
  • [9A] The gas purification method according to [7A] or [8A], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is obtained by mixing raw materials for a porous ceramic fired body and firing without drying.
  • [11A] The gas purification method according to [10A], wherein water supplied to the fired porous ceramic body contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant.
  • a spray that includes a heating unit that heats organic waste containing moisture and a gas purification unit that purifies gas discharged from the heating unit, and the gas purification unit sprays water on the gas.
  • a waste treatment apparatus comprising at least one of a means and an adsorption means made of a fired porous ceramic body for purifying the gas.
  • the gas purification unit includes both the spraying means and the adsorption means.
  • the gas purification unit includes both the spraying unit and the adsorbing unit, and the adsorbing unit is disposed downstream of the spraying unit.
  • [4B] The waste according to [2B] or [3B], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is obtained by firing the porous ceramic fired body raw material and then drying without drying. Processing equipment.
  • [5B] The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of [2B] to [4B], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is a granular material.
  • [6B] The water according to any one of [2B] to [5B], wherein the water supplied by the spraying means includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant. Waste treatment equipment.
  • this invention has the following structures.
  • a heating unit that dries organic waste containing moisture and a gas purification unit that purifies the gas discharged from the heating unit, and the gas purification unit is configured to supply water to the gas from a plurality of directions.
  • a drying treatment apparatus comprising at least one of spraying means for spraying and adsorption means made of a fired porous ceramic body for purifying the gas.
  • the gas purification unit includes both the spraying unit and the adsorption unit.
  • the adsorption unit is disposed on the downstream side of the spray unit in a gas flow.
  • [4C] The drying treatment according to [2C] or [3C], in which the porous ceramic fired body is obtained by firing the porous ceramic fired body raw material without being dried. apparatus.
  • [5C] The drying apparatus according to any one of [2C] to [4C], wherein the porous ceramic fired body is a granular material.
  • [6C] The water according to any one of [2C] to [5C], wherein the water supplied by the spraying means includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant. Drying processing equipment.
  • the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention can reduce the volume of organic waste containing water, and the waste treatment apparatus that suppresses the emission of malodorous substances generated at that time can be made relatively inexpensive. Can be provided. Therefore, introduction is easy even in small and medium-sized factories, waste treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, pig farms and poultry farms, and the odor environment in the region can be improved.
  • unnecessary substances generated during the heat treatment for drying waste particularly unnecessary substances contained in the exhaust gas, can be sufficiently removed at low cost.
  • the gas purification apparatus of this embodiment is an apparatus for purifying a gas containing at least one unnecessary substance selected from the group consisting of malodorous substances, harmful substances, and dust, and includes a first purification unit and a downstream side of the first purification unit.
  • cleaning part provided in is comprised.
  • the first purification unit has two or more spraying means for spraying water onto a gas containing unnecessary substances.
  • the spraying means is not particularly limited as long as water can be sprayed, and examples thereof include a spray nozzle and a jet nozzle.
  • the direction of the tip of each spray means is preferably different.
  • the spray pattern of the water supplied from the spray means is preferably annular, planar or strip-shaped in order to increase the contact area with the gas.
  • the water sprayed by the spraying means may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants.
  • the dust contained in an unnecessary substance can be captured in water, and the water-soluble component of a malodorous substance and a harmful substance is made into water. Can be melted.
  • the first purification unit has two or more spraying means, water can be sprayed from two or more locations.
  • gas passes through the space where water droplets that are disorderly and turbulently fly at various speeds in various directions can increase the chance of contact between the gas and water. More components can be captured.
  • discharging and discarding the water that has captured at least one of the dust and the water-soluble component from the first purification unit at least one of the dust and the water-soluble component can be removed from the gas.
  • the sprayed water may be collected and supplied again to the spraying means using a circulation pump.
  • a certain amount of sprayed water may be stored, and the gas supplied to the first purification unit may be bubbled through the stored water to capture unnecessary substances. In this case, the gas that has passed through the stored water comes into contact with the sprayed water.
  • cleaning part in this embodiment is equipped with the adsorption
  • cleaning part is not specifically limited, Since a contact opportunity with gas increases, it is preferable to arrange
  • the porous ceramic fired body constituting the adsorbing means has pores in the micrometer order and pores in the nanometer order. Moreover, what has these pores connected is preferable. More specifically, the pores formed in the porous ceramic fired body have nanometer-order pores having a pore diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 1000 nm and micrometer-order pores having a pore diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and less than 1000 ⁇ m. . Further, it may have pores in the order of millimeters outside this range, and pores of other sizes. For example, it may have pores in the millimeter order of 1 mm or more and less than 100 mm.
  • the pore diameter of the pores can be adjusted by combining the type of raw material of the fired porous ceramic body and the firing conditions.
  • the pore diameter refers to the major diameter of the pores.
  • the pore diameter of millimeter-order pores is a value measured using a scale after cutting a porous ceramic fired body (cut along the thickness direction in the case of a plate-like material).
  • the pore diameter of nanometer-order pores and micrometer-order pore diameters are measured using an electron microscope after cutting a porous ceramic fired body (cut in the thickness direction in the case of a plate-like material). Value.
  • the porous ceramic fired body has pores in the micrometer order and pores in the nanometer order, it becomes easy to obtain a preferable apparent density and saturated water content described later. For this reason, the contact area with the gas increases, and the performance of removing unnecessary substances becomes higher.
  • the porous ceramic fired body is preferably obtained by mixing the raw materials for the porous ceramic fired body and then firing without drying.
  • drying refers to an operation for setting the moisture content to 1% by mass or less.
  • a large amount of water contained in the mixture evaporates in a short time during firing, and the porous ceramic fired body is cracked. Due to the cracks at the time of firing, heat is transferred to the inside of the obtained porous ceramic fired body, and pores of the order of micrometers or nanometer size can be formed more.
  • water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body, acidic substances contained in the water, and unnecessary substances in the gas enter the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the removal performance can be improved.
  • the size of the crack in the porous ceramic fired body can be adjusted by the composition of the mixture, the firing speed, the firing time, and the like.
  • the water content can also be determined by the same method as the water content of organic waste described later.
  • the shape of the porous ceramic fired body may be any of a plate-like material, a columnar material, a spherical material, a massive material, and a granular material. Granules are preferred because they can easily increase body contact opportunities.
  • the particle diameter of the porous ceramic sintered body is preferably 5 cm or less, more preferably 3 cm or less. If the particle size of the porous ceramic sintered body is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the chances of contact with unnecessary substances can be increased. On the other hand, the particle diameter of the porous ceramic fired body is preferably 1 mm or more and more preferably 5 mm or more because resistance to gas flow is reduced.
  • the granular material of the fired porous ceramic body may be obtained by preparing granular materials of various sizes and blending them at an arbitrary ratio.
  • the particle diameter is a value measured by sieving.
  • a granular material having a size of more than 5 mm and not more than 10 mm means a particle that passes through a sieve having an opening of 10 mm and cannot pass through a sieve having an opening of 5 mm.
  • the long side of the granular material may be measured with a caliper or the like to obtain the particle diameter.
  • the porous ceramic fired body preferably has an apparent density of 0.3 to 1.5 g / ml.
  • the upper limit of the apparent density is more preferably 1.1 g / ml or less, and more preferably 0.8 g / ml or less.
  • the above-mentioned apparent density is the bulk density (g) determined from the dry soil mass (g) measured by the three-phase distribution / volumetric weight (actual volume method) in “Soil Standard Analysis / Measurement Method” (Hakutosha). Provisional specific gravity, g / ml).
  • the unit of the apparent density when the porous ceramic fired body is large is “g / cm 3 ” based on the measurement method described in Examples.
  • the fired porous ceramic body preferably has a saturated moisture content of 15 to 100% by mass. About the minimum of saturation moisture content, it is more preferable that it is 30 mass% or more.
  • the saturated moisture content is within the above range, the pores in the porous ceramic fired body increase while maintaining the strength of the porous ceramic fired body. Therefore, the surface area of the porous ceramic fired body is increased, and the chance of contact with unnecessary substances in the gas can be increased.
  • the saturated moisture content of the porous ceramic fired body is larger than the above upper limit value, the porosity of the porous ceramic fired body is large, and when the saturated moisture content is smaller than the lower limit value, the porosity is small and the saturated water content It can be considered that there is a correlation between the rate and the porosity.
  • the saturated water content of the porous ceramic fired body can be regarded as the porosity of the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the porous ceramic fired body may carry at least one selected from the group consisting of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants.
  • acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants include the following.
  • the acidic substance include inorganic compounds such as titanium oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum sulfate, ammonium chloride, and zinc chloride, and organic compounds such as carboxyl group-containing compounds such as acrylic acid, sulfonic acid group-containing compounds, and phosphoric acid compounds. It is done.
  • the basic substance include inorganic compounds such as zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and barium oxide, and organic compounds such as polyamine compounds, dicyandiamide compounds and quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • amphoteric substances such as zinc oxide and aluminum oxide become basic substances when the target substance to be treated is an acidic substance, and become acidic substances when the target substance to be treated is a basic substance. Therefore, in the present invention, the amphoteric substance is included in the acidic substance or the basic substance.
  • Surfactants include anionic surfactants such as carboxylates, sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates, cationic surfactants such as amine salts and quaternary ammonium salts, and fatty acid ethylene oxide.
  • Examples include polyethylene glycol type nonionic surfactants such as adducts, polyhydric alcohol type nonionic surfactants such as fatty acid esters of glycerol, betaine type, amino acid type, and imidazoline type amphoteric surfactants. These surfactants can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the acidic substance, basic substance, and surfactant preferably have no odor.
  • amphoteric surfactants preferably have a high purity with 10 or more carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety.
  • a plurality of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants may be used in combination, but when an acidic substance and a basic substance are used in combination, a uniform surfactant or the like is used so that they do not bond. It is preferable to maintain a dispersed state.
  • the porous ceramic fired body manufacturing method of this example is prepared by mixing raw materials for a porous ceramic fired body to prepare a mixture (hereinafter, simply referred to as “mixture”) (mixing step), and molding the mixture.
  • a molded body is produced (molding step), and the molded body is fired to obtain a porous ceramic fired body (firing step).
  • the mixing step is a step of obtaining a mixture by mixing raw materials including clay.
  • the thing containing a foaming agent and clay is preferable, for example, and the thing containing a foaming agent, organic sludge, and clay is more preferable.
  • a foaming agent and clay irregularities in the order of millimeters and micrometers can be formed on the surface of large pores in the order of millimeters, pores in the order of micrometers, or porous ceramic fired bodies.
  • organic sludge more micrometer-order pores and even smaller nanometer-order pores can be formed.
  • a porous ceramic fired body obtained by firing such a mixture has pores in which the pores communicate with each other.
  • by adding diatomaceous earth it has pores such as micrometer order derived from diatomaceous earth.
  • a foaming agent foams at the time of baking For example, well-known foaming agents for ceramics, such as calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, magnesium carbonate, and slag, can be used. Of these foaming agents, slag is preferred.
  • the slag is not particularly limited.
  • slag is generated at the time of cast iron such as blast furnace slag generated during metal refining, municipal waste melting slag generated when melting municipal waste, sewage sludge melting slag generated when sewage sludge is melted, and ductile cast iron. Examples include glassy slag such as cast iron slag.
  • a stable foamed state can be obtained because of its stable composition, and cast iron slag having a foaming ratio of about 1.5 to 2 times that of other slags is obtained. More preferred.
  • the cast iron slag contains components such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , FeO, MgO, MnO, K 2 O, Na 2 O, and the obtained porous ceramic fired body is a base. It has excellent acid substance removability without having to carry a separate substance.
  • the blending amount of slag in the blend can be determined in consideration of the moldability of the mixture. For example, it is preferably 80% by weight or less, more preferably 20 to 75% by weight, and even more preferably 30 to 65% by weight. . Within the above range, the moldability of the mixture can be smoothly and smoothly formed, and the apparent density and porosity (saturated water content) of the porous ceramic fired body can be adjusted to a suitable range.
  • Organic sludge is sludge containing an organic substance as a main component. Any organic sludge can be used, and activated sludge derived from wastewater treatment such as sewage or factory is particularly preferable.
  • the activated sludge is discharged from a wastewater treatment facility using the activated sludge method through a coagulation / dehydration process.
  • pores on the order of micrometers can be efficiently formed, and pores on the order of nanometers can be formed.
  • nanometer-order pores the apparent density of the porous ceramic fired body can be reduced, the porosity (saturated water content) can be further increased, and the chance of contact with unnecessary substances can be increased.
  • activated sludge derived from wastewater treatment which has been positioned as waste, can be used as a raw material.
  • the water content of the organic sludge is, for example, preferably 10 to 90% by mass, and more preferably 65 to 85% by mass. If it is in the said range, while obtaining a homogeneous mixture, it is easy to maintain favorable moldability.
  • the content of the organic substance in the organic sludge is not particularly limited.
  • the content of the organic substance (organic substance content) in the solid content of the organic sludge is preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more.
  • the larger the organic content the easier it is to form micrometer-order pores, and nanometer-order pores.
  • the organic content is a value obtained from the following formula (1) by measuring the ash content (mass%) of the sludge after drying at a carbonization temperature of 700 ° C. according to JIS M8812-1993.
  • the average particle diameter of the organic sludge is preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 3 ⁇ m. Since organic sludge is burned off by firing and pores are formed there, pores on the order of micrometers can be formed more easily as the average particle size is smaller, and pores on the order of nanometers can be formed.
  • the average particle diameter is a volume-based median diameter (volume 50% diameter) measured by a particle size distribution analyzer (LA-920, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.).
  • the content of organic sludge in the mixture can be determined in consideration of the moldability of the mixture, for example, preferably 1 to 60% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass, and 5 to 30% by mass. Further preferred.
  • the mixture has appropriate fluidity and plasticity within the above range, the moldability is improved, and the molding can be smoothly performed without closing the molding apparatus.
  • pores on the order of millimeters decrease when the moisture content exceeds 30% by mass.
  • Clay is a mineral material that exhibits clay-like properties that are commonly used as ceramic raw materials.
  • known materials used for ceramics can be used, and it is composed of mineral composition such as quartz, feldspar, clay, etc., and the constituent mineral is mainly kaolinite, halloysite, montmorillonite, illite, bentonite, pyrophyllite. The thing containing is preferable. Examples of such clays include cocoon clay. Clay can be blended alone or in combination of two or more. The components contained in these clays are also effective in removing malodorous and toxic substances contained in the gas.
  • the clay content in the mixture can be determined in consideration of the strength and formability required for the porous ceramic fired body. For example, it is preferably 5 to 60% by mass, more preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and 10 to 40%. More preferred is mass%. If it is in the above-mentioned range, the moldability of the mixture can be smoothly formed without sacrificing, and the strength of the fired porous ceramic body can be made sufficient.
  • the mixture may contain an optional component as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • optional components include naphthalene-based fluidizing agents such as Mighty 2000WH (trade name, manufactured by Kao Corporation), and melamine-based fluidizing agents such as Melment F-10 (trade name, manufactured by Showa Denko KK).
  • Polycarboxylic acid fluidizers such as Darex Super 100pH (trade name, manufactured by Grace Chemicals Co., Ltd.), antibacterial agents such as silver, copper and zinc, deodorizers such as ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, zeolite, apatite, etc.
  • Adsorbents, strength improvers such as carbon fibers having a length of 1 mm to 5 cm, basalt fibers, rock wool, and metal aluminum.
  • the blending amount of the optional component is preferably determined in the range of 0.01 to 10% by mass, for example. For example, it may be determined in the range of 5 to 10% by mass.
  • water may be blended as appropriate for the purpose of adjusting the fluidity of the mixture, etc. It is not necessary to add water. Moreover, when there is much water
  • a high-melting glass particulate filler having a melting temperature of 900 ° C. or higher is more preferable. By using particles of high melting point glass, moisture adjustment is possible while maintaining pores formed in the fired porous ceramic body. High melting point glass and fly ash can also be used as a strength improver.
  • the particle diameter of the high melting point glass or tile particles is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm. If the particle diameter is less than 0.1 mm, the formation of pores in the porous ceramic fired body may be insufficient. If the pores are not sufficiently formed, the removal performance of unnecessary substances contained in the gas and the durability of the porous ceramic fired body may be deteriorated. If the particle diameter is more than 5 mm, the moldability may be reduced, or the metal fitting at the extrusion port may be damaged during molding.
  • clinker ash and fly ash are discharged from the thermal power plant and are preferable from the viewpoint of effective utilization of waste.
  • the content of the high melting point glass, tile particles, fly ash and clinker ash in the mixture may be appropriately selected according to the intended fluidity of the composition without departing from the purpose of the present invention.
  • the amount is preferably 3 to 40 parts by mass and more preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the raw materials other than glass, roof tile, fly ash and clinker ash.
  • the mixing apparatus used for a mixing process is not specifically limited, A well-known mixing apparatus can be used.
  • the mixing apparatus include a kneader such as a mix muller (manufactured by Toshin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a kneader (manufactured by Moriyama Co., Ltd.), a mixer (manufactured by Nippon Ceramics Co., Ltd.), and the like.
  • the forming step is a step of forming the mixture obtained in the mixing step into an arbitrary shape.
  • a known molding method can be used as the molding method, and can be determined in consideration of the properties of the mixture and the desired shape of the molded body.
  • a molding machine is used to perform extrusion molding to obtain a molded body such as a plate, granule, or columnar shape including pellets, etc., and a mixture is filled into a mold of any shape and molded. Examples thereof include a method of obtaining a body, a method of extruding, stretching or rolling a mixture, and then cutting it into an arbitrary dimension.
  • the molding machine include a vacuum clay molding machine, a flat plate press molding machine, and a flat plate extrusion molding machine. Among these, a vacuum clay molding machine is preferable.
  • the moisture content of the mixture before firing is preferably more than 1% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass or more, further preferably 10% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 20% by mass or more. . If the water content of the mixture is below the lower limit, unnecessary substances may not easily enter the porous ceramic fired body obtained. On the other hand, the moisture content of the mixture before firing is preferably 45% by mass or less, and more preferably 30% by mass or less. If the water content of the mixture exceeds the upper limit, moldability may be impaired.
  • the firing step is a step of firing the molded body (firing operation) and firing clay and the like to obtain a porous ceramic fired body. As described above, it is preferable to fire the molded body without drying. A porous ceramic fired body obtained by firing without mixing after mixing raw materials has a higher performance of removing unnecessary substances. Moreover, when not drying, the productivity of a porous ceramic fired body can also be improved.
  • the molded body may be naturally dried or may be dried by being treated in a hot air drying oven at 50 to 220 ° C. for an arbitrary time. It is good also considering the moisture content of a molded object as 1 mass% or less by drying. In addition, the moisture content of the formed body can be obtained by the same method as the moisture content of the organic waste.
  • the firing operation is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Examples thereof include a method of firing at an arbitrary temperature using a continuous sintering furnace such as a roller hearth kiln or a batch sintering furnace such as a shuttle kiln. Among these, it is preferable to use a continuous sintering furnace for the firing operation from the viewpoint of productivity or efficiency of the drying treatment.
  • the firing temperature maximum temperature reached
  • the firing temperature can be determined according to the properties of the mixture, and is, for example, 850 ° C. to 1200 ° C. If it is more than the said lower limit, most organic substances in organic sludge will volatilize and it will reduce weight. If it exceeds the above upper limit value, vitrification of the entire structure of the porous ceramic fired body proceeds and the pores may be blocked.
  • a porous ceramic fired body having pores in the micrometer order and pores in the nanometer order can be obtained by the above manufacturing method.
  • the porous ceramic fired body obtained in the firing process is crushed and ground with a hammer mill, biaxial rotary crushing, jet mill, ball mill, edge runner mill, etc., to obtain a porous ceramic fired body granule be able to.
  • the obtained granular material is sieved to an arbitrary particle size as necessary.
  • Clay or slag used as a raw material when producing a porous ceramic fired body contains a metal oxide or the like, and this metal oxide functions as an acidic component or a basic component in the fired body.
  • the acidic component of the porous ceramic fired body can adsorb a basic component, and the basic component of the porous ceramic fired body can adsorb the acidic component.
  • the second purification unit preferably includes a water supply means for supplying water to the porous ceramic fired body.
  • a water supply means for supplying water to the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the water supply means include spray nozzles, jet nozzles, perforated pipes and plate-like objects.
  • the water that has passed through the porous ceramic fired body may be supplied again to the water supply means using a pump or the like.
  • the water supplied by the water supply means may include at least one selected from the group consisting of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants.
  • a suction fan or a blower fan for flowing gas into the gas purification device may be installed.
  • a demister that captures mist in the gas may be installed. It is preferable to provide a cooling means for cooling the gas sent from the heating part in the middle or at the end of the pipe for sending the gas to the first or second purification part.
  • cooling means examples include a heat exchanger using a cooling medium such as water, and specific examples include a tube type, a plate type, and a regenerative type.
  • a thermometer and a densitometer may be installed without departing from the object of the present invention.
  • the gas purification method of the present invention is a gas purification method for purifying gas containing unnecessary substances, and includes a first purification step and a second purification step.
  • the first purification step is a step of spraying water from two or more locations in the gas.
  • the dust contained in the gas can be mainly captured by the water, and the water-soluble components of the malodorous substances and harmful substances can be dissolved.
  • gas can be passed through a space where water droplets that are disorderly and rapidly turbulent in various directions exist. Therefore, the chance of contact of water with dust and water-soluble components in the gas can be increased. Therefore, the removal performance of dust and water-soluble components is enhanced, and the removal rate of soot and water-soluble components in the gas is improved as compared with conventional water spraying and gas bubbling with stored water.
  • the first purification process does not remove the soot, and if the gas does not contain water-soluble components, The water-soluble component is not removed in one purification process.
  • the water sprayed in the first purification step may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants.
  • acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants When acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants are added to water, in addition to dust and water-soluble components, water-insoluble and sparingly soluble basic substances, acidic substances, oil-based components, and neutral components Etc. can be removed.
  • the acidic substance, the basic substance, and the surfactant the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used.
  • flavor for masking, a chelating agent, an antibacterial agent, a catalyst, etc. to water in the range which does not deviate from the objective of this invention.
  • the treatment temperature in the first purification step may be arbitrarily set in consideration of the temperature of the gas to be purified, the solubility of the components contained in the gas, the vapor pressure, and the like.
  • the second purification step is a step of capturing a part of unnecessary substances by passing the gas that has passed through the first purification step through the porous ceramic fired body and purifying the gas with the porous ceramic fired body.
  • unnecessary substances are physically adsorbed on the surface of the porous ceramic fired body and removed.
  • the basic component in the gas is mainly ionically adsorbed and removed by the acidic component in the porous ceramic fired body, and the basic component in the porous ceramic fired body is mainly used in the gas. Acidic components are ionized and removed.
  • the second purification step it is preferable to supply water to the porous ceramic fired body because the removal rate of unnecessary substances increases. Moreover, it is preferable to contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body.
  • an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used.
  • the acidic substance or the like is included in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body, unnecessary substances can be further removed without supporting the acidic substance or the like on the porous ceramic fired body.
  • dust and water-soluble components contained in the gas can be removed with a high removal rate by spraying water from two or more locations in the gas. Further, by passing a gas through the porous ceramic fired body, unnecessary substances contained in the gas can be physically adsorbed on the surface of the porous ceramic fired body. Since the porous ceramic fired body has a large surface area, the amount of adsorption of unnecessary substances is large. Moreover, the acidic component and the basic component contained in the gas can be chemically adsorbed to the porous ceramic fired body. Therefore, unnecessary substances in the gas can be removed sufficiently.
  • the gas purification device has a simple structure and is low in cost. Etc., and the local environment can be easily and inexpensively improved.
  • first purification units and second purification units may be arranged according to the amount and type of malodorous substances, harmful substances, and dust contained in the gas.
  • two second purification units are provided, and one of the second purification units supplies water containing an acidic substance to the porous ceramic fired body to remove the basic substance in the gas, and the other second purification unit In the section, water containing a basic substance may be supplied to the fired porous ceramic body to remove the acidic substance in the gas.
  • the first purification unit, the second purification unit, the second purification unit, and the first purification unit may be arranged in this order.
  • the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a heating unit that heats organic waste containing moisture, and a gas purification unit that purifies gas discharged from the heating unit.
  • Organic waste containing water is discharged from sludge, poultry, hog raising, and cattle farms discharged from rural wastewater treatment facilities, sewage treatment plants, organic wastewater treatment facilities such as dyeing plants, food factories, and paper mills. Although it is not particularly limited, it may be excrement, waste material discharged from a food processing plant, leftover food from a restaurant, and the like.
  • a dehydrator such as a filter press, belt press, and centrifugal dehydration so that the water content is 100% by mass or less.
  • heating part heats and carbonizes the organic waste containing a water
  • the carbide obtained by carbonizing the organic waste has a large calorific value and is suitable as a fuel.
  • the form of the heating unit is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, one that heats in a sealed state or one that heats in an open state.
  • Specific examples of the heating unit include a continuous heating furnace such as a rotary kiln and a roller hearth kiln, and a fractional heating furnace such as a shuttle kiln.
  • a continuous heating furnace is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. More specifically, what is known as a heating device for sludge and the like is preferable.
  • a volatile organic solvent recovery device using induction heating described in JP 2010-75783 A can be used as the heating unit. It is also possible to use the rotary kiln or the like as a heating unit in combination with induction heating. When organic waste is heat-treated by the heating unit, at least one unnecessary substance selected from the group consisting of malodorous substances, harmful substances and dust is often generated.
  • the gas purification part in this invention is equipped with at least one of the spraying means which sprays water on the said gas, and the adsorption means made from the porous ceramic sintered body which purifies the said gas.
  • the gas purification unit may include both the spray unit and the adsorption unit, or may include only one of the spray unit and the adsorption unit. In terms of a high gas purification rate, it is preferable that both the spraying means and the adsorbing means are provided, and the adsorbing means is disposed downstream of the spraying means. Further, the spraying means and the adsorption means may each be one or plural.
  • the spraying means is not particularly limited as long as water can be sprayed, and examples thereof include a spray nozzle and a jet nozzle.
  • the spray pattern of the water supplied from the spray means is preferably annular, planar or strip-shaped in order to increase the contact area with the gas.
  • the water sprayed by the spraying means may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants.
  • the number of spraying means is preferably two or more. If there are two or more spraying means, water can be sprayed from two or more places, and gas can be passed through a space in which water droplets that are disorderly and turbulently fly in various directions exist. Thereby, the contact opportunity of gas and water can be increased, and mainly dust and water-soluble components can be captured more by water. Furthermore, in order to increase the chance of contact between gas and water, it is preferable that the spray directions of the two or more spraying means are different from each other.
  • a part of the water sprayed by the spraying means may be collected and supplied again to the spraying means using a circulation pump.
  • a certain amount of sprayed water may be stored, and the gas discharged from the heating unit may be bubbled through the stored water to capture unnecessary substances.
  • the water sprayed from the spraying means is brought into contact with the gas that has passed through the stored water.
  • the arrangement of the adsorption means is not particularly limited, it is preferable to arrange the adsorption means in a direction that is not parallel to the gas traveling direction because the chance of contact with the gas increases. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the adsorbing means is layered and arranged perpendicular to the gas traveling direction. A plurality of layered adsorption means may be arranged. When a plurality of layered adsorption means are arranged, an air layer may be formed between the layers of the adsorption means, or another gas purification unit may be arranged. Further, the adsorption means may be filled with a porous ceramic fired body except for the portion where the water supply means is installed.
  • the porous ceramic fired body constituting the adsorption means can be the same as the porous ceramic fired body of the adsorption means used in the gas purification means.
  • Water supply means In the case where the gas purification unit includes a porous ceramic fired body, it is preferable to further include water supply means for supplying water to the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the water supply means can be the same as the water supply means in the second purification section of the gas purification means described above.
  • a suction fan or a blower fan for flowing gas into the waste treatment apparatus may be installed.
  • a demister that captures mist in the gas may be installed. It is preferable to provide a cooling means for cooling the gas sent from the heating unit in the middle or at the end of the pipe for sending the gas from the heating unit to the gas purification unit. By cooling the gas sent from the heating unit, the solubility of water-soluble components in malodorous substances and the like in water increases in the spraying means, and the performance of removing unwanted substances such as malodorous substances is further improved.
  • cooling means examples include a heat exchanger using a cooling medium such as water, and specific examples include a tube type, a plate type, and a regenerative type.
  • a thermometer and a densitometer may be installed without departing from the object of the present invention.
  • the waste processing method using the waste processing apparatus 1 includes a heating process and a gas purification process.
  • the heating step is a step of heating and carbonizing the organic waste containing moisture.
  • the heating temperature in a heating process can be made into arbitrary temperature, 100 degreeC or more is preferable. When the heating temperature is less than 100 ° C., it takes time to reduce the volume of sludge and the like, resulting in low productivity.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 250 ° C. or higher. If heating temperature is 250 degreeC or more, the organic waste containing a water
  • the heating temperature is preferably 1500 ° C. or less, and more preferably 950 ° C. or less.
  • the degree of volume reduction does not change compared to the amount of energy used for the heat treatment, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
  • moisture content can be easily used as a fuel.
  • Organic waste containing water such as sludge heat-treated at 950 ° C. or less has a large calorific value and can be preferably used as fuel.
  • the carbide obtained by heat treatment at a low temperature has a larger calorific value than the carbide heat-treated at a high temperature, and more specifically, the heating temperature is more preferably 600 ° C. or less.
  • the heating temperature is more preferably 600 ° C. or less.
  • the odor becomes stronger as the heating temperature becomes lower. This is because if heating is performed at a high temperature, unnecessary substances contained in the gas discharged from the heating section are also thermally decomposed to reduce the amount of unnecessary substances in the gas, but if the heating temperature is lowered, the heat of unnecessary substances is reduced. Since the amount of decomposition decreases, unnecessary substances contained in the gas increase.
  • discharge of unnecessary substances can be suppressed even when organic waste is heated at a low temperature of 600 ° C. or lower.
  • the atmosphere inside a heating part at the time of a heating is a reducing atmosphere. Furthermore, since the organic waste can be easily pyrolyzed, it is preferable to set the atmosphere so that the limit oxygen concentration, which is the oxygen concentration necessary for the combustible to continue to burn, does not substantially exceed.
  • the gas purification step is a step of performing at least one of spraying water on the gas generated in the heating step by the spraying means and passing the gas generated in the heating process through the porous ceramic fired body of the adsorption means.
  • the dust can be trapped in water mainly by spraying water on the gas.
  • water-soluble components among harmful substances can be dissolved in water.
  • the gas is sprayed randomly and at high speed in various directions from two or more locations in the gas.
  • the water to be sprayed may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant.
  • acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants are added to water, in addition to dust and water-soluble components, water-insoluble and sparingly soluble basic substances, acidic substances, oil-based components, and neutral components Etc. can be removed.
  • the acidic substance, the basic substance, and the surfactant the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used.
  • flavor for masking, a chelating agent, an antibacterial agent, a catalyst, etc. to water in the range which does not deviate from the objective of this invention.
  • the temperature at the time of water spraying may be arbitrarily set in consideration of the temperature of the gas to be purified, the solubility of the components contained in the gas, the vapor pressure, and the like.
  • the basic component in the gas is mainly ionically adsorbed and removed by the acidic component in the porous ceramic fired body, and the basic component in the porous ceramic fired body is mainly used in the gas. Acidic components are ionized and removed.
  • the porous ceramic fired body When purifying the gas with the porous ceramic fired body, it is preferable to supply water to the porous ceramic fired body because the removal rate of unnecessary substances increases. Moreover, it is preferable to contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body. As the acidic substance, the basic substance, and the surfactant, the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used. When the acidic substance or the like is included in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body, unnecessary substances can be further removed without supporting the acidic substance or the like on the porous ceramic fired body.
  • one adsorbing means supplies water containing an acidic substance to the porous ceramic fired body to mainly remove basic substances in the gas.
  • Water containing the substance may be supplied to the fired porous ceramic body to remove mainly the acidic substance in the gas.
  • the drying treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a heating unit that dries organic waste containing moisture, and a gas purification unit that purifies the gas discharged from the heating unit.
  • organic waste containing water As organic waste containing water, it is discharged from sludge, poultry, hog raising, and cattle farms discharged from rural wastewater treatment facilities, sewage treatment plants, organic wastewater treatment facilities such as dyeing plants, food factories, and paper mills. Although it is not particularly limited, it may be, for example, excreted urine, scraps discharged from a food processing plant, and leftovers from restaurants. As the sludge, either undigested sludge or digested sludge can be used. These organic wastes are preferably those that have been subjected to a dehydration treatment by a dehydrator such as a filter press, a belt press, and centrifugal dehydration to have a water content of 100% by mass or less.
  • a dehydrator such as a filter press, a belt press, and centrifugal dehydration to have a water content of 100% by mass or less.
  • Heating part heats and dries organic waste containing moisture.
  • at least one unnecessary substance selected from the group consisting of malodorous substances, harmful substances and dust is often generated.
  • heating part you may use a well-known dryer, and it is not specifically limited.
  • hot air is blown directly into the drying furnace, steam or oil is used as the heating medium, and the heating medium is passed through the outer periphery of the drying furnace or a plurality of heating tubes arranged in the drying furnace, indirectly.
  • the thing etc. which dry the organic waste containing water are mentioned.
  • an electric heater or the like may be used instead of steam or oil.
  • the drying method may be either a continuous method or a batch method, but a continuous method is preferred from the viewpoint of the efficiency of the drying process.
  • a dryer what is used for processes, such as sludge, is preferable.
  • examples thereof include dryers described in JP-A-2006-17335, JP-A-2012-233599, JP-A-2012-037211, JP-A-2010-236731, and JP-A-2013-46882.
  • a volatile organic solvent recovery device using induction heating described in JP 2010-75783 A can be used as the heating unit.
  • dryers include continuous tube heat transfer dryer inner tube rotary manufactured by Okawara Manufacturing Co., Ltd., rotary dryer with crushing and stirring blades, super rotary dryer, rotary aeration dryer, funnel through, Yamamoto Giken Co., Ltd. Company double drum dryer, rotary coil dryer, etc.
  • Gas Purification Department As the gas purification unit in the drying treatment apparatus of the present invention, the same gas purification unit used in the above-described waste treatment apparatus can be used.
  • a pipe for discharging processed gas from the gas purification unit in order to send gas from the heating unit to the gas purification unit, and to send gas in the gas purification unit, it is possible to appropriately install a pipe for discharging processed gas from the gas purification unit.
  • a suction fan or a blower fan that sends and discharges gas, a demister that captures mist in the gas, a filter that captures dust, a cyclone, and the like may be provided in the middle or at the end of the pipe. It is preferable to provide a cooling means for cooling the gas sent from the heating unit in the middle or at the end of the pipe for sending the gas from the heating unit to the gas purification unit.
  • the cooling means include a heat exchanger using a cooling medium such as water, and specific examples include a tube type, a plate type, and a regenerative type.
  • the tube type includes a double tube type, a shell and tube type, a spiral type, and the like.
  • Various instruments such as a thermometer and a densitometer may be installed without departing from the object of the present invention.
  • the dry processing method using the said dry processing apparatus has a heating process and a gas purification process.
  • the heating step is a step of heating and drying organic waste containing moisture.
  • the heating temperature in a heating process can be made into arbitrary temperature, 60 degreeC or more is preferable. When the heating temperature is less than 60 ° C., it takes time to reduce the volume of sludge and the like, and the efficiency of the drying process is lowered.
  • the heating temperature is preferably 100 ° C. or higher. If heating temperature is 100 degreeC or more, the organic waste containing a water
  • the heating temperature in the drying furnace is preferably 400 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 300 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is less than 200 degreeC. If the heating temperature exceeds the upper limit, there is a risk of ignition if there is a large amount of oxygen in the drying furnace, and organic waste may be carbonized in a reduced state.
  • 400 degreeC or more may be sufficient as the blowing temperature of the hot air to blow, but 700 degrees C or less is preferable as an upper limit.
  • the temperature of the heat medium is preferably 100 ° C.
  • organic waste such as sludge is preferably stirred and dried uniformly.
  • the dried product obtained by the heating process is reduced in volume, it can be easily transported and the transportation cost can be reduced. Also, the storage space is small and the storage cost can be reduced. In addition, the waste containing water can be prevented from decaying and can be stored easily. In addition, the dried product has a large calorific value and can be used as a fuel.
  • the dried product can be used as organic sludge which is one of the raw materials of the porous ceramic fired body described above.
  • the moisture content of the dried product obtained by the heating step is 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 3 to 15% by mass. Below the lower limit, there is a risk of excessive energy costs and time for drying.
  • Moisture content (% by mass) of dried product (mass of dried product (g) ⁇ mass of dried state (g)) / mass of dried product (g) ⁇ 100 (3)
  • the gas purification step is a step of performing at least one of spraying water on the gas generated in the heating step by the spraying means and passing the gas generated in the heating step through the porous ceramic fired body of the adsorption means.
  • the water to be sprayed may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant.
  • an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant When acidic substances, basic substances, and surfactants are added to water, in addition to dust and water-soluble components, water-insoluble and sparingly soluble basic substances, acidic substances, oil-based components, and neutral components Etc. can be removed.
  • the acidic substance, the basic substance, and the surfactant the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used.
  • a masking fragrance, a chelating agent, an antibacterial agent, a catalyst, and the like may be added to the water to be sprayed without departing from the object of the present invention.
  • those that are dried in the heating process compared to those that are carbonized in the reduced state, have a large amount of gas discharged in the heating process, and there are a variety of components contained in the gas, so there is no odor after the purification process.
  • the use of a fragrance or the like for masking in the gas purification process is effective because it eliminates the aversion from such an odor.
  • the temperature at the time of water spraying may be arbitrarily set in consideration of the temperature of the gas to be purified, the solubility of the components contained in the gas, the vapor pressure, and the like.
  • the basic component in the gas is mainly ionically adsorbed and removed by the acidic component in the porous ceramic fired body, and the basic component in the porous ceramic fired body is mainly used in the gas. Acidic components are ionized and removed.
  • the porous ceramic fired body When purifying the gas with the porous ceramic fired body, it is preferable to supply water to the porous ceramic fired body because the removal rate of unnecessary substances increases. Moreover, it is preferable to contain at least one selected from the group consisting of an acidic substance, a basic substance, and a surfactant in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body. As the acidic substance, the basic substance, and the surfactant, the same substances as those supported on the porous ceramic fired body can be used. When the acidic substance or the like is included in the water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body, unnecessary substances can be further removed without supporting the acidic substance or the like on the porous ceramic fired body.
  • water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body may contain a flavoring agent for masking, a chelating agent, an antibacterial agent, a catalyst, and the like.
  • a flavoring agent for masking for masking
  • a chelating agent for chelating agents
  • an antibacterial agent for preventing odors from the gas.
  • water supplied to the porous ceramic fired body may contain a flavoring agent for masking, a chelating agent, an antibacterial agent, a catalyst, and the like.
  • those that are dried in the heating process compared to those that are carbonized in the reduced state, have a large amount of gas discharged in the heating process, and there are a variety of components contained in the gas, so there is no odor after the purification process.
  • the use of a fragrance or the like for masking in the gas purification process is effective because it eliminates the aversion from such an odor.
  • one adsorbing means supplies water containing an acidic substance to the porous ceramic fired body to mainly remove basic substances in the gas.
  • Water containing the substance may be supplied to the fired porous ceramic body to remove mainly the acidic substance in the gas.
  • the drying treatment apparatus of the present invention unnecessary substances in the gas generated when the organic waste containing moisture is heated by the heating unit are used as at least one of the adsorbing means such as the spraying means and the porous ceramic fired body. Can be removed by one. By these means, unnecessary substances can be sufficiently removed at low cost. Therefore, introduction is easy even in small and medium-sized factories, waste treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, pig farms and poultry farms, and the odor environment in the region can be improved. Since the dry matter obtained by drying the organic waste containing water by the drying treatment apparatus of the present invention is reduced in volume, the cost for transportation and storage can be reduced. Further, the dried product can be used as a beneficial material such as a fuel, a deodorizing agent, and a soil improving material.
  • Manufacture example A1 Manufacture of a porous ceramic fired body 20 mass parts of roof tiles are added to 50 mass parts of slag, 25 mass parts of organic sludge, and 25 mass parts of clay (total 100 mass parts). Using Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a plastic mixture (mixing step). Next, the mixture was extruded into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 1.5 cm using a vacuum kneader and then cut into a length of 3 cm to obtain a cylindrical shaped body (water content: 15% by mass). The molded body was subsequently fired in a continuous sintering furnace without using a drying step under a firing condition of a firing temperature of 1050 ° C.
  • the continuous sintering furnace a roller hearth kiln (effective length of the sintering furnace: total length 15 m, the sintering furnace was divided into zones 1 to 10 each having a length of 1.5 m) was used.
  • the fired porous ceramic body obtained by firing was a mixture of granular materials and lumps having a major axis of about 3 cm to 10 cm with fine cracks.
  • the obtained porous ceramic fired bodies were pulverized with a hammer mill. Next, using a sieve, it was sieved to a size of more than 5 mm and 10 mm or less to obtain a granular material of a fired porous ceramic body.
  • the resulting porous ceramic fired body was confirmed to have micrometer-order pores and nanometer-order pores. In particular, many pore diameters of 1 to 30 ⁇ m and 200 to 500 nm were observed. In addition, the apparent density of the fired porous ceramic body was 0.7 g / ml, the saturated water content was 43% by mass, and communication between pores was also confirmed.
  • the raw material of the porous ceramic sintered body used in the above production example is specifically as follows.
  • Organic sludge As the organic sludge, the activated sludge discharged from the wastewater treatment facility by the activated sludge method of the dyeing factory ( Komatsu Seiren Co., Ltd.) through the coagulation / dehydration process was used.
  • the activated sludge had an organic content (based on solid content) of 83% by mass and a water content of 85% by mass.
  • Sakaime clay As the clay, Sakaime clay (Gifu Prefecture) was used.
  • the cast iron slag was used as a foaming agent.
  • the cast iron slag is a ductile iron slag SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, CaO, Fe 2 O 3, FeO, MgO, MnO, K 2 O, the Na 2 O as main components.
  • Example A1 As shown in FIG. 1, the gas purification device 11 in Example A1 includes a first purification unit 110 and a second purification unit 120.
  • cleaning part 110 shall have the spray nozzle 112 attached to each of the side surface 111a of the tank 111, and the upper surface 111b. Moreover, in the 1st purification
  • the second purification unit 120 includes a tank 122a having one porous ceramic fired body layer 121a (adsorption means), a tank 122b having five layers of porous ceramic fired body layers 121b (adsorption means) inside, and 5
  • the porous ceramic fired body layer 121c (adsorption means) is provided as a tank 122c.
  • the tank 122 a is connected to the upper part of the tank 111.
  • the porous ceramic fired body layers 121a, 121b, and 121c are each configured by filling the mesh-shaped container with the porous ceramic fired bodies obtained in Production Example A1, and are perpendicular to the gas flow. Arranged.
  • a spray nozzle 123a that sprays water on the upper surface of the porous ceramic fired body layer 121a is provided inside the tank 122a, and a demister 124a made of nonwoven fabric that captures and removes mist is disposed above the spray nozzle 123a.
  • a non-woven demister that captures and removes mist. 124b was provided above the spray nozzle 123b.
  • a discharge pipe 125b for discharging the accumulated water was attached to the lower part of the tank 122b.
  • a spray nozzle 123c for spraying water on the upper surface of the uppermost porous ceramic fired body layer 121c.
  • a non-woven demister that captures and removes mist. 124c was provided above the spray nozzle 123c.
  • a discharge pipe 125c for discharging the accumulated water was attached to the lower part of the tank 122c.
  • the gas purification device 11 includes a pipe 131a and a pump 132a for supplying water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 111 to the spray nozzle 123a, and a pipe for supplying water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 122b to the spray nozzle 123b.
  • 131b and a pump 132b, and a pipe 131c and a pump 132c for supplying water accumulated in the bottom of the tank 122c to the spray nozzle 123c are provided.
  • a pipe 134b and a pump 135b for supplying the chemical liquid tank 133b and the chemical liquid A put in the chemical liquid tank 133b to the pipe 131b, and a chemical liquid B put in the chemical liquid tank 133c and the chemical liquid tank 133c are connected to the pipe 131c.
  • a pipe 134c and a pump 135c for supplying to the pipe are provided.
  • the upper part of the tank 122a and the lower part of the tank 122b were connected by the pipe 141
  • the upper part of the tank 122b and the lower part of the tank 122c were connected by the pipe 142
  • the pipe 143 was attached to the upper part of the tank 122c.
  • a blower fan 144 a is attached to the pipe 141
  • a blower fan 144 b is attached to the pipe 142
  • an exhaust fan 144 c is attached to the pipe 143.
  • the gas discharged from the firing furnace was deodorized using the gas purification device 11.
  • the gas discharged from the baking furnace is passed through the introduction pipe 114 and supplied to the tank 111 of the first purification unit 110 at a gas supply rate of 3 m 3 / min, and water is supplied to the gas inside the tank 111.
  • Tap water supplied from the pipe 116 was sprayed in a full circle spray pattern using the spray nozzle 112. Thereby, gas can be allowed to pass through the space where water droplets turbulently flying at random and in various directions exist.
  • the gas discharged from the upper part of the tank 111 was introduced into the tank 122a and passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 121a.
  • the porous ceramic fired body layer 121a was sprayed with part of the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 111 and tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 136a.
  • unnecessary substances were removed by physical adsorption on the surface of the fired porous ceramic body.
  • the basic components in the gas are mainly adsorbed and removed by the acidic components contained in the fired porous ceramic fired body, and the acidic components in the gas are mainly adsorbed and removed by the basic components contained in the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 121a was passed through the demister 124a to capture the mist, and then introduced into the lower portion of the tank 122b through the pipe 141 using the blower fan 144a.
  • the gas introduced into the tank 122b was passed through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 121b. At that time, using the pipe 131b, the pump 132b, and the spray nozzle 123b, water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 122b and tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 136b were sprayed onto the porous ceramic fired body layer 121b. Further, the chemical liquid A placed in the chemical liquid tank 133b was supplied to the pipe 131b using the pipe 134b and the pump 135b.
  • the tank 122b has a main role of removing basic substances, oily substances, and neutral components, and the chemical solution A is an aqueous solution of an acidic substance, a nonionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant.
  • Part of the sprayed water and chemical liquid A passes through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 121b and drops and accumulates at the bottom of the tank 122b, and a part of the accumulated water and chemical liquid is discharged from the discharge pipe 125b. It is discharged using.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 121b was passed through the demister 124b to capture the mist, and then introduced into the lower part of the tank 122c through the pipe 142 using the blower fan 144b.
  • the gas introduced into the tank 122c was passed through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 121c. At that time, using the pipe 131c, the pump 132c, and the spray nozzle 123c, water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 122c and tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 136c were sprayed onto the porous ceramic fired body layer 121c. Further, the chemical solution B placed in the chemical solution tank 133c was supplied to the piping 131c using the piping 134c and the pump 135c.
  • the tank 122c has a main role of removing acidic components, and the chemical solution B is an aqueous solution of a basic substance.
  • Part of the sprayed water and chemical solution B passes through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 121c and drops and accumulates at the bottom of the tank 122c, and a part of the accumulated water and chemical solution is discharged from the discharge pipe 125c. It is discharged using.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 121c was passed through the demister 124c to capture the mist, and then discharged to the outside of the tank 122c through the pipe 143 using the exhaust fan 144c.
  • the deodorizing performance of malodorous substances contained in the gas in Example A1 was evaluated by the following method. That is, the concentrations of propionic acid, normal butyric acid, normal valeric acid, isovaleric acid, and sulfur oxide (all of which are malodorous substances) contained in the gas were measured according to Environmental Agency Notification No. 9 of 1972. . The measurement results are shown in Table 1. Moreover, the evaluator sniffed and evaluated the smell of the gas before entering the gas purification apparatus 11 and the gas that passed through the gas purification apparatus 11. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example A1 when a little fragrance
  • Manufacturing example B1 Manufacture of a porous ceramic fired body 20 mass parts of roof tiles are added to 50 mass parts of slag, 25 mass parts of organic sludge, and 25 mass parts of clay (total 100 mass parts), Using Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a plastic mixture (mixing step). Next, the mixture was extruded into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 1.5 cm using a vacuum kneader and then cut into a length of 3 cm to obtain a cylindrical shaped body (water content: 15% by mass). The molded body was subsequently fired in a continuous sintering furnace without using a drying step under a firing condition of a firing temperature of 1050 ° C.
  • the continuous sintering furnace a roller hearth kiln (effective length of the sintering furnace: total length 15 m, the sintering furnace was divided into zones 1 to 10 each having a length of 1.5 m) was used.
  • the fired porous ceramic body obtained by firing was a mixture of granular materials and lumps having a major axis of about 3 cm to 10 cm with fine cracks.
  • the obtained porous ceramic fired bodies were pulverized with a hammer mill. Next, using a sieve, it was sieved to a size of more than 5 mm and 10 mm or less to obtain a granular material of a fired porous ceramic body.
  • the resulting porous ceramic fired body was confirmed to have micrometer-order pores and nanometer-order pores. In particular, many pore diameters of 1 to 30 ⁇ m and 200 to 500 nm were observed. In addition, the apparent density of the fired porous ceramic body was 0.7 g / ml, the saturated water content was 43% by mass, and communication between pores was also confirmed.
  • the raw material of the porous ceramic sintered body used in the above production example is specifically as follows. The same organic sludge, clay, slag and roof tile as those used in Production Example A1 were used.
  • the physical property values of the porous ceramic fired body were measured by the following methods. Confirmation of pore diameter, measurement of apparent density, saturation moisture content, and confirmation of presence / absence of communication between pores were measured by the same method as in Production Example A1.
  • Example B1 As shown in FIG. 2, the waste treatment apparatus 21 in Example B1 includes a heating unit 210 using a rotary kiln, a first purification unit 220, a second purification unit 230, and a third purification unit 240. It was supposed to be.
  • the first purification means 220 has the spray nozzle 22 attached to the side surface 221a of the tank 221.
  • a circulation pump 223 and a pipe 224 that circulate the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 221 and supply the water to the spray nozzle 222 again are provided.
  • the discharge pipe 225 which discharges the water collected in the lower part of the tank 221 was attached.
  • the 2nd purification means 230 shall be equipped with the tank 231 provided with the porous ceramic sintered body layer 232 of one layer.
  • the tank 231 was connected to the upper part of the tank 221.
  • the porous ceramic fired body layer 232 is configured by filling the mesh-shaped container with the granular material of the porous ceramic fired body obtained in Production Example B1 with a thickness of about 2.5 cm, and is perpendicular to the gas flow. Arranged to be.
  • a spray nozzle 233 for spraying water is provided on the upper surface of the porous ceramic fired body layer 232 inside the tank 231, and a non-woven fabric demister 234 for capturing and removing mist is disposed above the spray nozzle 233.
  • a circulation pump 235 and a pipe 236 that circulate the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 231 and supply the water to the spray nozzle 233 again are provided.
  • the third purification means 240 is a tank 241 having spray nozzles 242a, 242b, and 242c attached thereto.
  • the spray nozzle 242 a was attached to the side surface 241 a of the tank 241, and the spray nozzles 242 b and 242 c were attached to the upper surface 241 b of the tank 241.
  • the spray nozzle 242b sprays water directly below, and the spray nozzle 242c sprays water diagonally below.
  • a non-woven fabric demister 244 for capturing and removing mist was provided above the spray nozzle 242c.
  • the discharge pipe 243 which discharges a part of water collected in the lower part of the tank 221 was attached.
  • the third purification means 240 includes a chemical liquid tank 247 and a pipe 248 and a pump 249 for supplying the chemical liquid contained in the chemical liquid tank 247 to the spray nozzle 242c.
  • the upper part of the heating unit 210 and the upper part of the tank 221 were connected by a pipe 251
  • the upper part of the tank 231 and the upper part of the tank 241 were connected by a pipe 252
  • the pipe 253 was attached to the upper part of the tank 241.
  • a blower fan 264 a is attached to the pipe 251
  • a blower fan 264 b is attached to the pipe 252
  • an exhaust fan 264 c is attached to the pipe 253.
  • the sludge is heated by the heating unit 210 and the gas discharged from the heating unit 210 is purified by the first purification unit 220, the second purification unit 230, and the third purification unit 240. .
  • the sludge was heat-treated at 450 to 500 ° C. by the heating unit 210.
  • the heating unit 210 is heated in a state where the combustible material (sludge) does not substantially exceed the limit oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration necessary for continuing combustion, and the organic matter in the sludge is thermally decomposed.
  • the sludge was carbonized by the heat treatment.
  • the obtained carbide had a lower calorific value of 23000 kJ / kg (5350 kcal / kg) (analysis method: JIS M8814) and had a calorific value sufficient for use as a fuel.
  • the gas discharged from the heating unit 210 was introduced into the tank 221 at a gas supply rate of 3 m 3 / min through the pipe 251 using the blower fan 264a.
  • tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 224 a was sprayed onto the gas inside the tank 221 using a spray nozzle 222 in a full circle spray pattern.
  • the gas discharged from the upper part of the tank 221 was introduced into the tank 231 and passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 232.
  • the circulation pump 235 and the pipe 236 the water accumulated in the bottom of the tank 221 and the tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 236a are supplied to the spray nozzle 233, and the porous ceramic fired body layer is supplied from the spray nozzle 233.
  • 232 was sprayed with tap water.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 232 was passed through the demister 234 to capture the mist, and then introduced into the upper portion of the tank 241 through the pipe 252 using the blower fan 264b.
  • tap water supplied from the water supply pipe 246a was sprayed on the gas introduced into the tank 241 in a full circle spray pattern using the spray nozzles 242a and 242b.
  • the chemical solution stored in the chemical solution tank 247 was supplied to the spray nozzle 242c via the pipe 248 and the pump 249, and the chemical solution was sprayed in a full circle spray pattern using the spray nozzle 242c.
  • the chemical solution was water to which zinc chloride, ammonium chloride and a surfactant were added.
  • a part of the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 241 was returned to the spray nozzles 242a and 242b, and the remaining water was discarded through the discharge pipe 243.
  • the gas that passed through the tank 241 was passed through the demister 244 to capture the mist, and was then discharged to the outside of the tank 241 through the pipe 252 using the exhaust fan 264c.
  • Example B1 The deodorizing performance of malodorous substances and the like in Example B1 was evaluated by the following method. That is, the concentrations of propionic acid, normal butyric acid, normal valeric acid, isovaleric acid, and sulfur oxide (all of which are malodorous substances) contained in the gas were measured according to Environmental Agency Notification No. 9 of 1972. . The measurement results are shown in Table 2. Moreover, the tester conducted a sensory test on the odor of the gas. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. Note that the gas sampling locations were the pipe 251, the pipe 252, and the pipe 253.
  • Example B1 As shown in Table 2, in the waste treatment apparatus 21, the malodorous substance contained in the gas discharged from the heating unit was sufficiently removed by the gas purification unit. Moreover, in Example B1, when a little fragrance
  • the continuous sintering furnace a roller hearth kiln (effective length of the sintering furnace: total length 15 m, the sintering furnace was divided into zones 1 to 10 each having a length of 1.5 m) was used.
  • the fired porous ceramic body obtained by firing was a mixture of cracked granular materials having a major axis of about 3 cm to 10 cm and a lump.
  • the obtained porous ceramic fired bodies were pulverized with a hammer mill. Next, using a sieve, it was sieved to a size of more than 5 mm and 10 mm or less to obtain a granular material of a fired porous ceramic body.
  • the resulting porous ceramic fired body was confirmed to have micrometer-order pores and nanometer-order pores. In particular, many pore diameters of 1 to 30 ⁇ m and 200 to 500 nm were observed. In addition, the apparent density of the fired porous ceramic body was 0.7 g / ml, the saturated water content was 43% by mass, and communication between pores was also confirmed.
  • Example C1 As shown in FIG. 3, the drying treatment apparatus 31 in Example C1 includes a heating unit 360 using a batch dryer, and a first gas purification unit 310 and a second gas purification unit 320 as gas purification units. It was.
  • the first gas purification unit 310 is configured such that a spray nozzle 312 (a spraying means) is attached to each of the side surface 311a and the top surface 311b of the tank 311.
  • a circulation pump 313 that circulates water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 311 and supplies the water to the spray nozzle 312 again is provided.
  • a pipe 340 for introducing a gas was connected to the upper part of the tank 311, and a discharge pipe 315 for discharging the accumulated water was attached to the lower part of the tank 311.
  • the second gas purification unit 320 includes a tank 322a including one porous ceramic fired body layer 321a (adsorption means), a tank 322b including five porous ceramic fired body layers 321b (adsorption means) inside, A tank 322c provided with five layers of porous ceramic fired body layers 321c (adsorption means) is provided.
  • the tank 322 a was connected to the upper part of the tank 311.
  • the porous ceramic fired body layers 321a, 321b, and 321c are each configured by filling the mesh-like container with the porous ceramic fired bodies obtained in Production Example C1, and are perpendicular to the gas flow. Arranged.
  • a spray nozzle 323a that sprays water on the upper surface of the porous ceramic fired body layer 321a is provided inside the tank 322a, and a non-woven demister 324a that captures and removes mist is disposed above the spray nozzle 323a.
  • a spray nozzle 323b for spraying water on the upper surface of the uppermost porous ceramic fired body layer 321b.
  • a nonwoven fabric demister that captures and removes mist. 324b was provided above the spray nozzle 323b.
  • a discharge pipe 325b for discharging accumulated water was attached to the lower part of the tank 322b.
  • a spray nozzle 323c for spraying water on the upper surface of the uppermost porous ceramic fired body layer 321c.
  • a non-woven demister that captures and removes mist. 324c was provided above the spray nozzle 323c.
  • a discharge pipe 325c for discharging the accumulated water was attached to the lower part of the tank 322c.
  • the drying processing device 31 supplies the water accumulated in the bottom of the tank 311 to the spray nozzle 323a, the pipe 331a and the pump 332a, the water supply pipe 336a, and the water accumulated in the bottom of the tank 322b to the spray nozzle 323b.
  • a pipe 331b, a pump 332b for supplying, a water supply pipe 336b, and a pipe 331c, a pump 332c, and a water supply pipe 336c for supplying water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 322c to the spray nozzle 323c are provided.
  • the chemical liquid tank 333a and the chemical liquid tank 333a for supplying the chemical liquid A put in the chemical liquid tank 333a to the pipe 331a and the pump 335a, and the chemical liquid tank 333b and the chemical liquid B put in the chemical liquid tank 333b are connected to the pipe 331b.
  • the chemical liquid tanks 333a and 333b were not filled with the chemical liquids A and B, respectively.
  • the upper part of the tank 322a and the lower part of the tank 322b were connected by the pipe 341
  • the upper part of the tank 322b and the lower part of the tank 322c were connected by the pipe 342
  • the pipe 343 was attached to the upper part of the tank 322c.
  • a blower fan 344 a is attached to the pipe 341
  • a blower fan 344 b is attached to the pipe 342
  • an exhaust fan 344 c is attached to the pipe 343.
  • the upper part of the heating unit 360 and the upper part of the tank 311 were connected by a pipe 340.
  • a blower fan 344 d is attached to the pipe 340.
  • the organic sludge used as the raw material of the porous ceramic fired body was used as the organic waste, and the heating unit 360 was indirectly heated using the steam as the heat medium (drying furnace temperature 110 ° C.).
  • the moisture content of the dried organic sludge dried in the heating section was 35% by mass, and the volume was reduced.
  • the gas discharged from the heating unit 360 was purified using the first gas purification unit 310 and the second gas purification unit 320. Specifically, the gas discharged from the heating unit 360 is passed through the pipe 340 and supplied to the tank 311 of the first gas purification unit 310 at a gas supply rate of 3 m 3 / min. Water supplied from the supply pipe 316 was sprayed in a full circle spray pattern using the spray nozzle 312.
  • the gas discharged from the upper part of the tank 311 was introduced into the tank 322a and passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 321a.
  • the porous ceramic fired body layer 321a was sprayed with a part of the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 311 and the water supplied from the water supply pipe 336a.
  • unnecessary substances were removed by physical adsorption on the surface of the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the basic components in the gas are mainly adsorbed and removed by the acidic components contained in the fired porous ceramic fired body, and the acidic components in the gas are mainly adsorbed and removed by the basic components contained in the porous ceramic fired body.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 321a was passed through the demister 324a to capture the mist, and then introduced into the lower part of the tank 322b through the pipe 341 using the blower fan 344a.
  • the gas introduced into the tank 322b was passed through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 321b.
  • the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 322b and the water supplied from the water supply pipe 336b were sprayed onto the porous ceramic fired body layer 321b using the pipe 331b, the 3 pump 332b, and the spray nozzle 323b.
  • Part of the sprayed water passes through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 321b and falls to the bottom of the tank 322b and accumulates, and part of the accumulated water is discharged using the discharge pipe 325b.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 321b was passed through the demister 324b to capture the mist, and then introduced into the lower portion of the tank 322c through the pipe 342 using the blower fan 344b.
  • the gas introduced into the tank 322c was passed through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 321c.
  • water accumulated in the bottom of the tank 322c (the chemical C is applied to the porous ceramic fired body layer in the porous ceramic fired body layer 321c).
  • Sprayed and dropped and accumulated) and chemical C placed in the chemical tank 333c were sprayed.
  • the chemical solution C placed in the chemical solution tank 333c was supplied to the piping 331c using the piping 334c and the pump 335c.
  • the tank 322c has a main role of removing basic substances.
  • the chemical solution C uses acidic substances zinc chloride and ammonium chloride (zinc chloride: ammonium chloride 30: 1 (mass ratio)), and the concentration of acidic substances (total amount of zinc chloride and ammonium chloride) in the chemical liquid C is The acidic substance was added to water so that it might become 2 mass%. Part of the sprayed water and chemical C passes through the five porous ceramic fired body layers 321c and drops and accumulates at the bottom of the tank 322c, and a part of the accumulated water and chemical C is a discharge pipe. It is discharged using 325c.
  • the water accumulated at the bottom of the tank 322c and the medicine B supplied from the chemical liquid tank 333c are sprayed and supplied from the spray nozzle 323c to the porous ceramic fired body tank 321c.
  • the gas that passed through the porous ceramic fired body layer 321c was passed through the demister 324c to capture the mist, and then discharged to the outside of the tank 322c through the pipe 343 using the exhaust fan 344c.
  • the gas was sampled from the pipe 340 and the pipe 343, and ammonia, acetic acid, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, amines, and acetaldehyde were respectively detected as gas detector tubes (stocks).
  • Evaluation was carried out by measuring the concentration (ppm) using each number of suctions once (100 ml).
  • the sensory test which an evaluator sniffs the smell of each sample was also implemented.
  • the water content of the organic sludge dried in the heating unit was 5% by mass, and the volume was reduced.
  • Table 3 shows the evaluation results of Examples C1 and C2.
  • Example C1 and Example C2 As shown in Table 3, in the evaluation by the gas detection tube, the use of the drying treatment device 31 sufficiently removes malodorous substances and the like contained in the gas discharged from the heating section in both Example C1 and Example C2. It was. On the other hand, in the sensory test, the odor was weakened but still remained. Then, in Example C1 and Example C2, when 2 mass% of fragrance
  • Example C3 Waste was treated in the same manner as in Example C1 except that a heat exchanger was installed on the upstream side of the blower fan 344d in the pipe 340 as a cooling means for the gas sent from the heating unit 360.
  • a heat exchanger a shell and tube type using water as a cooling medium was used.
  • a gas detector tube was installed as in Example C1. Used to measure the concentration (ppm).
  • the evaluation results of Example C3 are shown in Table 4.
  • concentration of the piping 340 in Table 4 is the same as the data of the piping 340 of Example C1 of Table 3.
  • the gas purification apparatus and the gas purification method of the present invention unnecessary substances in the gas can be sufficiently removed at low cost.
  • the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention can reduce the volume of organic waste containing water, and the waste treatment apparatus that suppresses the emission of malodorous substances generated at that time can be made relatively inexpensive. Can be provided. Therefore, introduction is easy even in small and medium-sized factories, waste treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, pig farms and poultry farms, and the odor environment in the region can be improved.
  • unnecessary substances generated during heat treatment for drying waste, particularly unnecessary substances contained in exhaust gas can be sufficiently removed at low cost.

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne les éléments suivants : un dispositif de purification de gaz susceptible d'éliminer suffisamment les substances inutiles d'un gaz à un faible coût ; un procédé de purification de gaz ; un dispositif de traitement des déchets ; et un dispositif de traitement de séchage. Ce dispositif de purification de gaz (1) comporte une première unité de purification (10) possédant au moins deux moyens de pulvérisation pour pulvériser de l'eau sur un gaz, et une seconde unité de purification (20) pourvue d'un moyen d'adsorption de type corps fritté en céramique poreuse pour purifier un gaz. La première unité de purification (10) et la seconde unité de purification (20) sont reliées.
PCT/JP2014/061147 2013-04-25 2014-04-21 Dispositif de purification de gaz et procédé de purification de gaz Ceased WO2014175209A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013092927A JP6162467B2 (ja) 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 ガス浄化装置及びガス浄化方法
JP2013-092927 2013-04-25
JP2013092928A JP6118168B2 (ja) 2013-04-25 2013-04-25 廃棄物処理装置
JP2013-092928 2013-04-25
JP2013161805 2013-08-02
JP2013-161805 2013-08-02
JP2013180276A JP6232679B2 (ja) 2013-08-02 2013-08-30 乾燥処理装置及び有機性廃棄物の処理方法
JP2013-180276 2013-08-30

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WO2014175209A1 true WO2014175209A1 (fr) 2014-10-30

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CN104906940A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-09-16 广西武鸣广文环保设备有限公司 一种生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气净化处理系统
CN106237757A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-21 四川绵竹三佳饲料有限责任公司 Dcp制粒中的除尘系统
CN106944454A (zh) * 2017-02-15 2017-07-14 长安大学 一种垃圾医疗垃圾焚烧飞灰无害化处置方法及装置
CN106984151A (zh) * 2017-05-05 2017-07-28 南京工大开元环保科技有限公司 一种污水站恶臭废气治理设备及处理方法
CN108499321A (zh) * 2018-04-21 2018-09-07 邓建凯 一种用于钢材生产的环保装置
CN108905576A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-30 福州闽创环保科技有限公司 一种有机废气处理工艺
CN109621671A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-16 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 一种熔盐电解尾气处理方法及处理系统
CN112262001A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2021-01-22 株式会社加来野制作所 热解装置
TWI742810B (zh) * 2020-08-19 2021-10-11 湯鈺婷 油氣淨化裝置
CN115212679A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-21 广东工业大学 一种基于厌氧氨氧化的含氨臭气及其洗涤液循环再生系统及方法
US20230321587A1 (en) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-12 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture System for removing ammonia, dust and pathogens from air within an animal rearing/sheltering facility

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JPS6344921A (ja) * 1986-08-13 1988-02-25 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The 排ガスの脱臭方法
WO2007077924A1 (fr) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Kinji Takeuchi Procede de desodorisation
JP2010069423A (ja) * 2008-09-19 2010-04-02 Tokushu Denkyoku Kk 脱臭システム、脱臭装置及び脱臭方法

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JPS5528710A (en) * 1978-08-19 1980-02-29 Hokuetsu Tanso Kogyo Kk Deodorizing method
JPS6344921A (ja) * 1986-08-13 1988-02-25 Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd:The 排ガスの脱臭方法
WO2007077924A1 (fr) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-12 Kinji Takeuchi Procede de desodorisation
JP2010069423A (ja) * 2008-09-19 2010-04-02 Tokushu Denkyoku Kk 脱臭システム、脱臭装置及び脱臭方法

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104906940A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-09-16 广西武鸣广文环保设备有限公司 一种生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气净化处理系统
CN106237757A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-21 四川绵竹三佳饲料有限责任公司 Dcp制粒中的除尘系统
CN106944454A (zh) * 2017-02-15 2017-07-14 长安大学 一种垃圾医疗垃圾焚烧飞灰无害化处置方法及装置
CN106984151A (zh) * 2017-05-05 2017-07-28 南京工大开元环保科技有限公司 一种污水站恶臭废气治理设备及处理方法
CN108499321A (zh) * 2018-04-21 2018-09-07 邓建凯 一种用于钢材生产的环保装置
EP3808464A4 (fr) * 2018-06-13 2021-08-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Kakuno Seisakusho Appareil de pyrolyse
JP7176720B2 (ja) 2018-06-13 2022-11-22 株式会社加来野製作所 熱分解装置
JP2021181035A (ja) * 2018-06-13 2021-11-25 株式会社加来野製作所 熱分解装置
CN112262001A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2021-01-22 株式会社加来野制作所 热解装置
CN108905576B (zh) * 2018-07-24 2021-04-16 福州闽创环保科技有限公司 一种有机废气处理工艺
CN108905576A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-30 福州闽创环保科技有限公司 一种有机废气处理工艺
CN109621671A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-04-16 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 一种熔盐电解尾气处理方法及处理系统
TWI742810B (zh) * 2020-08-19 2021-10-11 湯鈺婷 油氣淨化裝置
US20230321587A1 (en) * 2022-04-07 2023-10-12 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture System for removing ammonia, dust and pathogens from air within an animal rearing/sheltering facility
US11986768B2 (en) * 2022-04-07 2024-05-21 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture System for removing ammonia, dust and pathogens from air within an animal rearing/sheltering facility
CN115212679A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-21 广东工业大学 一种基于厌氧氨氧化的含氨臭气及其洗涤液循环再生系统及方法
CN115212679B (zh) * 2022-07-25 2023-09-22 广东工业大学 一种基于厌氧氨氧化的含氨臭气及其洗涤液循环再生系统及方法

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