WO2015000689A1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de non-tissé, en particulier par voie humide - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de non-tissé, en particulier par voie humide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015000689A1
WO2015000689A1 PCT/EP2014/062624 EP2014062624W WO2015000689A1 WO 2015000689 A1 WO2015000689 A1 WO 2015000689A1 EP 2014062624 W EP2014062624 W EP 2014062624W WO 2015000689 A1 WO2015000689 A1 WO 2015000689A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
belt
press
roller
material web
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2014/062624
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Aust
Kai PÖHLER
Christian MÜNCH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of WO2015000689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015000689A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric.
  • a nonwoven web is a web of limited length fibers, filaments or cut yarns of any kind and origin, which in some way form a nonwoven (ie, a fibrous web) and in some way have been joined together.
  • Nonwoven fabrics include fiber webs made by interlacing yarns such as those used in weaving, knitting, knitting, lace making, braiding and the manufacture of tufted products. Also films and papers are not among the nonwovens.
  • nonwoven formation Known processes for the production of nonwovens generally include nonwoven formation, nonwoven bonding and subsequent dewatering.
  • Different methods of web formation are, for example, in WO
  • the nonwoven can be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
  • a dry process for example, an at least partially aerodynamic web formation is known, in which the web is formed at least partially from fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
  • the nonwoven may also be formed at least partially mechanically.
  • the fleece can be formed, for example, from carding or carding removed flores, which are superimposed, or the fleece can also directly from Carding machines are formed.
  • the nonwoven may also be formed at least partially by the so-called spunbond process, in which the nonwoven is formed by depositing fibers spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn by cold air and / or mechanically drawn .
  • the web can also be formed, at least in part, by the so-called melt-blown process in which the web is formed by depositing fibers directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
  • any combinations of such web-forming methods are also conceivable.
  • nonwoven formation upon forming by a wet process is carried out on a very low consistency inclined wire former, particularly at a solids content of 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the obtained web.
  • this is often solidified by a so-called hydroentanglement process - which is also called "spunlacing".
  • the formed nonwoven is solidified by entanglement of the fibers, the entangling being effected by swirling, in particular by the fact that focused high-pressure water jets act on the nonwoven.
  • various belts are used, wherein the nonwoven material web is transferred between the various parts of the apparatus from one band to another band and / or is passed in an open train through the device.
  • the formed nonwoven material web has a relatively high humidity, which subsequently has to be removed again from the material web.
  • suction tubes, suction boxes and / or vacuum boxes which have been acted upon with vacuum, have been used so far following the hydroentanglement.
  • suction tubes, suction boxes and / or vacuum boxes were intended to increase the dry content of the nonwoven material web as much as possible without losing volume of the nonwoven material web.
  • the transfer belt concerned with which the nonwoven material web is passed via the suction tubes, suction boxes and / or vacuum boxes, and which is usually a fabric band, a forming fabric or a nonwoven structuring and / or perforating Strukturierband acts to come to a loss of fibers by so-called "fiber plucking".
  • the plucked fibers pollute the wastewater and are lost to the manufacturing process. Fiber losses occur mainly due to air losses at the edges of the nonwoven web, cracking and / or breakage of the fibers and suction of the fibers into the suction boxes. Fibers drawn into the dewatering system are prone to undergo hydroentanglement. used to contaminate water and make the reprocessing and filtration more difficult especially when using fiber pulp.
  • DE 10 2006 042 507 A1 discloses the use of a shoe press for dewatering a nonwoven material web.
  • a shoe press viewed in the web running direction, has an extended press nip or press nip, as compared to a nip. Due to the relatively high pressure of the shoe press, however, it comes before the press nip the shoe press to a disturbing water retention. In addition, the relatively high pressure of the shoe press leads to a reduction in the volume of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device of the type mentioned, with which the aforementioned problems are eliminated in the simplest and most reliable manner and which are suitable in particular for a web formation by a wet process.
  • an efficient and cost-effective drainage of the formed nonwoven material web is to be achieved while avoiding a water jam to a nonwoven material web with the largest possible volume, with a uniform moisture profile and with excellent quality - and in particular while avoiding unwanted elongation the nonwoven web and / or the formation of fractures in the
  • Nonwoven web - leads this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and in particular by a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a nonwoven fabric is formed in a former on a forming fabric by dewatering a fiber suspension and then the nonwoven material web resulting therefrom is further developed wherein the further dewatering of the nonwoven web comprises the dewatering by means of a belt press, the belt press comprising a roller around which at least one inner band, forming screen and outer press belt are wound, the nonwoven web Material web at least in the region of the roller between the inner band and the Formiersieb on which - seen from the roller - outside the outer press belt is arranged, is arranged, wherein the press belt with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m pressed to the roller and thereby the forming fabric, the nonwoven material b and the inner band is pressed against the roller, wherein the roller of the belt press is designed for dispensing or receiving drying fluid having an open surface and as Formiersie
  • the drying fluid is very particularly preferred simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web against the roll or simultaneously with the mechanical pressure loading of the nonwoven material web by the production a corresponding pressure difference between the roller and the outer press belt through the permeable (endless) belts, the forming fabric and the nonwoven material web pressed.
  • at least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
  • nonwoven is understood to mean a nonwoven fabric of low consistency obtained directly by molding, whereas a nonwoven fabric is understood as meaning a nonwoven already having a higher consistency than and having preferably solidified nonwoven immediately after shaping.
  • belt tension of the outer press belt is understood to mean the quotient of the tension applied to the press belt and the width of the press belt, in accordance with the usual use of this term.
  • Nonwoven material web is achieved because the pressure in the extended press nip the belt press is lower than a shoe press.
  • efficient dewatering with a high degree of dewatering is ensured despite the lower compacting pressure. by virtue of this requires a possibly after the belt press still provided thermal drying device, such as a TAD (Through Air Drying) - or air drying unit, only a very small amount of energy.
  • TAD Through Air Drying
  • the process of the invention also provides an improved moisture cross profile for the formed nonwoven fabric.
  • the inventive method also makes it possible to transfer the nonwoven material web with a higher solids content to the final, in particular thermal drying device, whereby the machine speed is increased in the dryer section. Due to the reduced pressure in the belt press, the volume of the nonwoven web is reduced by no more than 10% in the dewatering. Thus, the solids content of the nonwoven web can be increased relative to the water content by more than 10% compared to the usual dewatering by suction boxes, resulting in a higher production capacity, energy consumption is reduced and the provision of additional or more expensive drying facilities is avoided. By additionally applying the drying fluid to the nonwoven material web in the belt press, the efficiency of gentle and uniform dewatering is further increased without sacrificing volume.
  • any inert gas or aerosol can be used as the drying fluid, with good results, in particular with air and / or steam.
  • air may, for example, have ambient temperature.
  • hot air may be used as the drying fluid, preferably hot air at a temperature in a range of 50 ° C to 250 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in a range of 150 ° C to 250 ° C, and more particularly preferably at a temperature in a range of 175 ° C to 225 ° C, such as at a temperature of about 200 ° C.
  • water vapor When water vapor is used as the drying fluid, it is preferably used in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven web of up to 2 kg steam / kg nonwoven web and preferably in a steam weight / nonwoven web weight ratio of 0.1 to 1 kg of steam / kg nonwoven material web, such as, for example, in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven material web of about 0.5 kg steam / kg nonwoven material web.
  • a drying fluid is forced through the nonwoven material web, wherein the roller of the belt press is designed for dispensing or receiving the drying fluid with an open surface. It can be used as a roller, in particular a suction roll or a blow roll. According to a very particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nonwoven material web is guided in the process in a closed train of the former at least up to the belt press.
  • the nonwoven material web is preferably guided in a closed loop from the former via the belt press to a thermal drying device downstream of the belt press.
  • the nonwoven material web is conveyed via the forming fabric, on which the nonwoven fabric is formed in the former, as the sole transfer belt from the former to the belt press, and particularly preferably to one this subordinate thermal drying device is performed.
  • a hydroentanglement can be omitted.
  • the drying fluid is expediently sucked or guided into the suction roll, starting from a drying fluid hood, at least through the permeable outer press belt, the forming wire, the nonwoven material web and the permeable inner band.
  • the water dehydrated in the belt press is expediently sucked or guided into the suction roll or the permeable inner band.
  • the suction roll is preferably with a negative pressure (ie, a difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the suction roll) in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar and particularly preferably with a negative pressure in the range of 0.30 to 0.55 bar, such as with a negative pressure of about 0.45 bar, applied.
  • the drying fluid is preferably blown starting from the blow roll at least by the permeable inner (endless) band, the nonwoven material web, the forming fabric and the permeable outer (endless) band preferably in a hood guided.
  • the water dewatered in the belt press is expediently also blown or guided into the hood or the permeable outer band.
  • the drying fluid at a pressure in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar, and more preferably at a pressure in the range of 0.30 bar to 0.55 bar, such as with a pressure in the range of about 0.45 bar, above the atmospheric pressure through the permeable inner band, through the nonwoven web, the forming fabric and through the permeable outer press belt is blown to the hood. Since the nonwoven material web in the belt press - in addition to the pressurization - is subjected to a drying fluid, the pressure exerted on the nonwoven material web, inter alia, also depends on the drying fluid flow.
  • a drying flow in a range from 100 m 3 / (min m 2 ) to 300 m 3 / ( min m 2 ), preferably from 150 to 250 m 3 / (min m 2 ) and particularly preferably from about 210 m 3 / (min m 2 ) is produced.
  • roller of the belt press is still surrounded by one or more other (endless) belts in addition to the inner and outer (endless) belt and the forming screen, these other (endless) belts must also be permeable to the drying fluid so that the nonwoven material web can be acted upon in the belt press by such a drying fluid.
  • At least the outer band (endless) serving as a press belt has a belt tension from 20 to 100 kN / m, preferably with a belt tension of 25 to 75 kN / m and particularly preferably with a belt tension of 40 kN / m to 50 kN / m is pressed against the roller of the belt press.
  • a mechanical pressure of less than 140 kPa, in particular less than 100 kPa and preferably less than 90 kPa , but of more than 30 kPa and preferably more than 45 kPa is exercised.
  • Nonwoven fabric and therefore no significant volume loss occurs. Also in view of a sufficiently good, but at the same time as gentle and uniform drainage, it is proposed in development of the invention, the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the extended press nip of the belt press on between 0.05 sec and 0.5 sec set. Such a relatively long residence time ensures efficient dewatering despite the relatively low pressure and the correspondingly gentle treatment of the nonwoven material web.
  • the nonwoven material web is dewatered in the belt press by at least 20%, preferably by 30 to 75% and particularly preferably by 33 to 50%.
  • this degree of dewatering denotes the percentage weight loss in the dewatering based on the total weight of the nonwoven material web prior to dewatering in the belt press.
  • the (endless) bands wrapping the roller of the belt press comprise at least one felt belt and / or a fabric belt.
  • a felt belt is used as the inner (endless) belt that wraps around the roller of the belt press. This is especially true when a suction roll is used as the roller of the belt press.
  • a blower roll is used as the roll, then in particular at least one outer (endless) band lying behind the nonwoven fabric web, viewed in the direction of flow of the drying fluid, can be provided as a felt belt.
  • Dewatering on a felt belt results in a substantially more uniform moisture cross-section than is the case, for example, with drainage by means of a suction box.
  • the drainage of a felt and the fiber losses are reduced.
  • the nonwoven material web in the belt press according to the invention is acted upon simultaneously by a drying fluid, all wound around the roller of the belt press (endless) belts for the drying fluid are made permeable or permeable.
  • an outer (endless) band of the belt press for example, an at least substantially smooth band and preferably a smooth fabric band can be used.
  • the inner band and the forming fabric contact the nonwoven material web. If a structured and / or perforated nonwoven fabric is to be produced by the method according to the invention, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention that at least one (endless) band of the belt press and / or the forming screen contacting the nonwoven material web structured band or sieve is provided, through which the
  • Nonwoven material web is structured accordingly and / or perforated.
  • nonwoven material web is to be structured and / or perforated accordingly, it is particularly advantageous to provide at least the forming fabric as a structured sieve through which the nonwoven material web is structured and / or perforated accordingly.
  • At least the forming fabric may also be provided as a smooth fabric.
  • the (endless) belts of the belt press and the forming fabric are suitably looped around the roll over the same wrap angle.
  • the angle of wrap of the inner band and / or outer press belt and / or Formiersiebes to the roller in a range of 90 ° to 180 ° and in particular in a range of 100 ° to 120 ° is selected.
  • a retention time of the nonwoven material web required for sufficiently high and at the same time gentle, even dewatering is achieved in the press nip of the belt press.
  • the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip at the same roll diameter and the same roll revolution speed is the greater the greater the wrap angle of the belts.
  • the diameter of the roller of the belt press is selected in a range of 500 mm to 1400 mm and preferably in a range of 750 mm to 1200 mm. Since the pressure exerted on the nonwoven web in the belt press depends, inter alia, on the wrap angle of the (endless) belts and on the diameter of the roller of the belt press, such a relatively large diameter results in a relatively long press nip and a correspondingly efficient drainage due to the longer ones Dwell time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip. In principle, the greater the diameter of the roll, the greater the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip at the same wrap angle of the belts and the same roll revolution speed.
  • the nonwoven material web can be guided in particular by at least one thermal drying device, preferably a TAD ("through air drying") or air drying unit or a flat bed furnace.
  • the nonwoven material web can be brought by such a thermal drying device in particular to the final dry content.
  • the nonwoven material web can be guided through an additional dewatering press between the belt press and such a thermal drying device.
  • a line force in a range of 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m, and more preferably a line force in a range of 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m is preferably produced to provide a gentle and uniform, but nevertheless to achieve strong drainage.
  • the web can in particular also with a relatively low consistency on a smooth Formiersieb or a structured, the nonwoven according structuring and / or perforating Formiersieb having a solids content of 0.01 to 0.1 wt .-% based on 100 wt .-% of the obtained nonwoven fabric are formed.
  • a Schrägsiebformer or the like can be used.
  • the nonwoven fabric can be formed in the former by any method known to the person skilled in the art, in particular by a dry method, wet method and / or an extrusion method, but according to the present invention it is particularly preferred to apply the nonwoven in the former by a wet method form.
  • the nonwoven may be formed in the former at least partially by a wet process, in which the fibers are in particular suspended in water and deposited on a water-permeable support.
  • the nonwoven fabric in the former may also be at least partially aerodynamically formed.
  • the fleece is formed by depositing fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
  • the nonwoven fabric may be at least partially formed mechanically in the former as well.
  • it can be formed, at least in part, from carded or carded webs which are laid on top of each other or formed by carding machines.
  • the nonwoven fabric can be at least partially formed by the so-called spunbond process, in which the nonwoven fabric by depositing fibers that from a through Spinnerets passing polymer melt spun and by means of cold air and / or mechanically drawn, is formed.
  • the nonwoven fabric in the former may finally be at least partially formed by the so-called melt-blown process.
  • the nonwoven fabric is formed by depositing fibers which are directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
  • the nonwoven fabric may be formed in the former not only by one of the aforementioned methods but also, in particular, by any combination of two or more of said methods. Subsequently, i. after its formation in the former and before the others
  • the formed web can - for example, by a hydroentanglement process - are solidified to a nonwoven web.
  • the formed web is consolidated by entanglement of fibers to the nonwoven web which is accomplished by tumbling, in particular by the action of focused high pressure water jets on the web.
  • the fleece can be simultaneously structured and / or perforated by the application of water jet.
  • hydroentanglement is not mandatory and may be omitted in particular if the nonwoven fibrous web is transferred in a closed train, for example by a single transfer belt, at least to the belt press.
  • the material input into the former can i) at least partially from natural fibers, preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp from abaca fibers (especially long fibers derived from banana plants) or cotton, ii) at least partially from artificial Fibers, preferably of viscose, iii) at least partly of synthetic fibers, preferably of polyester or polyamide, iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers, v) at least partly of carbon fibers and / or vi) of a mixture of any of the aforementioned Substances exist.
  • natural fibers preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp from abaca fibers (especially long fibers derived from banana plants) or cotton
  • artificial Fibers preferably of viscose
  • iii) at least partly of synthetic fibers preferably of polyester or polyamide
  • iv) at least partially of mineral fibers preferably glass fibers
  • the substance entry into the former can advantageously at least partially consist of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
  • Nonwoven material web before or after the belt press additionally guided over a vacuum applied suction roll.
  • the nonwoven fabric can still be thermally and / or chemically solidified, if this requires the subsequent use of the nonwoven fabric.
  • Another object of the present invention is a suitable in particular for carrying out the method of the invention suitable apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric, in particular for carrying out the method according to at least one of the preceding claims, with a former for forming a nonwoven fabric on a forming fabric and with a belt press for further dewatering the nonwoven web formed from the web, the web press comprising a roller around which at least one inner band, the forming screen and an outer press belt are wound, the nonwoven web at least in the region of the roller between the inner band and the Formierieb, on which - viewed from the roller - outside the outer press belt is arranged, is arranged, wherein the press belt with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m pressed to the roller and preferably pressed, wherein the roller the belt press is designed for dispensing or receiving drying fluid with an open surface, and the forming fabric and the belts of the belt press are so permeable to drying fluid and preferably to air and / or water vapor that they are pressed against
  • the (endless) belts of the belt press and the forming fabric are designed so that simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web against the roll or simultaneously with the mechanical pressurization of the nonwoven material web through the belt press by a pressure difference between the roller and the outer press belt, a drying fluid can be flowed through the permeable (endless) belts, the forming fabric and the nonwoven fabric web.
  • At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
  • air or water vapor can be provided as the drying fluid, in the case of the use of air having this ambient temperature or as hot air, in particular with a temperature in a range from 50 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably with a temperature in one Range of 150 ° C to 250 ° C, and more preferably with a temperature in a range of 175 ° C to 225 ° C, such as may be provided at a temperature of about 200 ° C, for example.
  • water vapor is used as the drying fluid, it can be used, in particular, in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven material web of up to 2 kg steam / kg nonwoven material web and preferably from 0.1 to 1 kg steam / kg nonwoven material web, such as 0 , 5 kg steam / kg nonwoven web, are used.
  • the device is designed such that one of the above-mentioned drying fluids can be flowed through the permeable belts, the forming fabric and the nonwoven material web.
  • the nonwoven material web is guided in the process in a closed train of the former at least up to the belt press.
  • an excellent machinability is achieved and, moreover, an impairment of the quality of the formed nonwoven fabric due to an open draw, in particular unwanted stretching of the nonwoven web and / or the formation of undesirable fractures in the nonwoven web, reliably avoided, and in particular even if the nonwoven web is passed through the device at a high speed.
  • the guiding of the nonwoven material web in the device according to the invention takes place in a closed train from the former via the belt press to a thermal drying device arranged downstream of the belt press.
  • the nonwoven material web is arranged above the forming fabric, on which the nonwoven fabric is formed in the former, as the sole transfer belt from the former to the belt press, and particularly preferably one of these downstream thermal drying device is guided.
  • a hydroentanglement can be omitted.
  • the roller of the belt press is designed as a suction roll, wherein it is proposed in this embodiment in development of the inventive concept that the suction roll is designed so that the drying fluid, preferably starting from a drying fluid hood at least by the permeable outer Press belt, the forming fabric, the nonwoven web and the permeable inner (endless) band can be sucked into the suction roll.
  • at least one (endless) belt is preferably designed so that, in addition to the drying fluid, the water dehydrated in the belt press can also be sucked or guided into the suction roller or the permeable inner belt.
  • the suction roll is advantageously designed so that it can be acted upon with a negative pressure in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar, preferably from 0.30 bar to 0.55 bar and more preferably from about 0.45.
  • the roller of the belt press is designed as a blow roll, wherein the roll in this embodiment is particularly preferably designed so that the drying fluid from the blow roll at least by the permeable inner (endless) band, the nonwoven material web Forming and the permeable outer press belt can be preferably blown to a hood.
  • at least one (endless) belt is preferably designed so that, in addition to the drying fluid, the water dewatered in the belt press can also be blown or guided into the hood or the permeable outer belt.
  • the device is preferably designed such that the drying fluid is at a pressure in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar and particularly preferably from 0.30 bar to 0.55 bar from the blow roll through the permeable inner ( endless) band, the nonwoven web, the forming fabric and the permeable outer press belt are blown.
  • At least the outer press belt with a belt tension of 20 to 100 kN / m, preferably with a belt tension of 25 to 75 kN / m and particularly preferably with a belt tension of 40 to 50 kN / m can be pressed against the roller of the belt press.
  • the belt press a mechanical pressure of less than 140 kPa, preferably less than 100 kPa and more preferably less than 90 kPa on the nonwoven material web is exercisable.
  • the (endless) bands wrapping around the roller of the belt press comprise at least one felt belt and / or at least one fabric belt.
  • the inner (endless) belt wrapping around the roller of the belt press can be designed as a felt belt.
  • a permeable (endless) band arranged behind the nonwoven material web, as viewed in the direction of flow may be designed as a felt belt, preferably touching it.
  • all (endless) belts wound around the roll of the belt press and the forming fabric for the drying fluid are permeable or permeable.
  • an outer press belt of the belt press for example, an at least substantially smooth belt and preferably a smooth fabric belt can be provided.
  • the inner band and the forming fabric contact the nonwoven web.
  • at least one of the nonwoven material web contacting (endless) band of the belt press and / or the forming fabric is designed as a structured band through which the nonwoven material web is structurally structured and / or perforated.
  • at least the forming fabric is provided as a structured sieve, by means of which the nonwoven material web can be structurally and / or perforated.
  • at least the forming fabric may be provided as a smooth fabric.
  • the (endless) belts of the belt press and the forming fabric are wound around the roll over the same wrap angle.
  • the wrap angle of the inner band and / or outer press belt and / or the Formieriebes around the roller in a range of 90 ° to 180 ° and in particular in a range from 100 ° to 120 °.
  • the diameter of the roller of the belt press is in a range of 500 mm to 1400 mm and in particular in a range of 750 mm to 1200 mm.
  • the apparatus is preferably designed such that a drying fluid flow in the belt press in a range of 100 m 3 / (min " m 2 ) to 300 m 3 / (min-m 2 ), preferably from 150 to 250 m 3 / (min m 2 ) and particularly preferably from about 210 m 3 / (min m 2 ) is generated.
  • the nonwoven material web may additionally be provided before or after the belt press be guided over a vacuum applied suction roll.
  • At least one thermal drying device preferably a TAD ("through air drying") or air drying unit or a flat bed oven, is provided downstream of the belt press.
  • an additional dewatering press may be provided between the belt press and the thermal dryer, preferably a line force in a range of 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m and preferably a line force in a range of 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m can be generated.
  • the former is designed so that in this a nonwoven fabric can be produced by a wet process.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises a device for solidifying the formed nonwoven fabric to a nonwoven material web, which is preferably arranged between the former and the belt press.
  • the device comprises a hydroentanglement device as a means for solidification downstream of the former and upstream of the belt press.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a conventional apparatus for the production of nonwovens
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention with an additional suction roll upstream of the belt press and an additional dewatering press downstream of the belt press.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a conventional apparatus 10 for producing nonwovens with a former 12, a Wasserstrahlverfesti- supply device 14, a plurality of suction tubes or suction boxes 16 comprehensive drainage device 18 and two thermal drying devices 20, namely two TAD or air drying units, a Dipping bath 22 for charging the dried nonwoven material web with a finishing agent and a winding device 24.
  • the nonwoven fabric is formed by the wet process with a low consistency.
  • FIG. 2 shows by way of example the basic principle of the nonwoven fabric production according to the invention.
  • the web is formed in a former 28 of a subject apparatus 30 for producing nonwoven webs by a particular method or combination of such methods.
  • the formed nonwoven fabric is solidified, for example, by means of a hydroentanglement device 32 and the dewatered nonwoven material web is subsequently dewatered.
  • the hydroentanglement device 32 is not mandatory in every case.
  • the dewatering of the consolidated nonwoven material web according to the invention comprises dewatering by means of a belt press 34 with a roller 36, around the inner endless belt 40 contacting the roller to form an extended press nip 38 over a respective wrap angle, and an outer endless belt 42 serving as a press belt is looped.
  • the nonwoven may be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
  • the outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 which serves as a press belt, is used to generate a mechanical pressure on the nonwoven material web lying between the two endless belts 40, 42 with a belt tension of at least at least 15 kN / m stretched around the roller 36 or pressed against this roller 36.
  • this press belt 42 By this press belt 42, the nonwoven web, the Formiersieb 54 and the roller 36 contacting inner endless belt 40 are pressed against the roller 36.
  • a drying fluid is forced through the endless belts 40, 42, the forming fabric 54 and the nonwoven material web by creating a pressure differential between the roller 36 and the outer Press belt 42.
  • the endless belts 40, 42 and the forming fabric 54 are permeable to the drying fluid, ie permeable to the drying fluid.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 is designed for dispensing or receiving the drying fluid with an open surface.
  • at least one (endless) belt 40, 42 looped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or designed to absorb water in order to absorb the water produced by the mechanical pressing occurring in the belt press 34 to record and / or to be able to pass.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 can be designed in particular as a suction roll or as a blow roll.
  • a suction roll the drying fluid is sucked into the suction roll from a drying fluid hood 44 at least through the permeable outer endless belt 42, the forming mesh 54, the nonwoven web, and the permeable inner endless belt 40.
  • a blow roll the drying fluid from the blow roll is blown into the hood 44 at least through the permeable inner endless belt 40, the nonwoven web, the forming wire 54 and the permeable outer endless belt 42.
  • the belt press 34 may, for example, be provided with only two endless belts 40, 42 which wrap around the roller 36 and the forming fabric 54.
  • the nonwoven web located between the endless belt 40 and the forming fabric 54 is contacted by the endless belt 40 and the forming fabric 54 in this case.
  • the belt press 34 in addition to the inner and outer endless belts 40, 42 and the forming screen 54, may also be provided with at least one further endless belt wrapping the roller 36 over a certain wrap angle.
  • the endless belts 40, 42 wrapping the roller 36 of the belt press 34 preferably comprise at least one felt belt and / or at least one fabric belt.
  • a felt belt may be provided in particular as the inner endless belt 40 surrounding the roller 36 of the belt press 34, but alternatively, at least one felt belt may be provided behind the nonwoven material web in the direction of flow of the drying fluid.
  • an outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 for example, an at least substantially smooth belt, in particular a smooth belt of fabric, can be used.
  • sieve 54 is designed as a structured band or sieve, through which the
  • Nonwoven material web is structured accordingly and / or perforated.
  • the endless belts 40, 42 and the forming fabric 54 of the belt press 34 can in particular be wound around the roller 36 over the same wrap angle.
  • the nonwoven material web can be guided through at least one thermal drying device 46, in particular a TAD or air drying unit or a flat bed oven.
  • the nonwoven material web can be dried in such a thermal drying device 46 in particular to the final dry content.
  • the non-woven fabric with a low consistency and a solids content of in particular 0.01 to 0.1% can be formed on a smooth forming fabric or a structured forming fabric which structurally and / or perforates the nonwoven fabric.
  • a Schrägsiebformer or the like can be used.
  • the fleece can also be structured and / or perforated at the same time by the optionally provided hydroentanglement device 32.
  • Such a hydroentanglement device 32 is accordingly preferred, in particular in those cases in which the nonwoven or the nonwoven material web is additionally to be structured and / or perforated.
  • the furnish in the former 28 may be i) at least partially made of natural fibers such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp of abaca fibers (especially long fibers derived from banana plants), cotton or the like, ii) at least partly of artificial fibers, in particular viscose or the like, iii) at least partially made of synthetic fibers, such as in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like, iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers or the like, v) at least partially made of carbon fibers and / or vi) consist of a mixture of any of the aforementioned substances.
  • natural fibers such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp of abaca fibers (especially long fibers derived from banana plants), cotton or the like
  • artificial fibers in particular viscose or the like
  • synthetic fibers such as in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like
  • mineral fibers in particular glass fiber
  • the substance entry into the former 28 at least partially consists of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
  • the nonwoven material web before or after the belt press 34 be guided over a vacuum applied suction roll.
  • the embodiment of the device 30 according to the invention shown schematically in FIG. 2 comprises an additional suction roll 56 connected upstream of the belt press 34 and an additional dewatering press 58 connected downstream of the belt press.
  • the relevant device 30 for producing nonwovens additionally comprises a former 28, a Belt press 34 and an example, again as TAD or air drying unit running thermal drying device 46th
  • the former 28 is a wet-method former for forming a low-consistency web.
  • a hydroentanglement device 32 is provided.
  • the solidified nonwoven material web is formed together with the flat forming fabric or the patterning and / or perforation of the nonwoven material web 54 and the outer endless belt 42 of FIG Belt press 34 guided by an additional suction roller 56 and passed in the area of the inner endless belt 40 of the belt press 34.
  • the additional suction roll 56 like the hydroentangling device 32, is not mandatory.
  • the outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 serves as a press belt 42, over which the inner endless belt 40, the Formiersieb 54 and lying between this and the outer endless belt 42 nonwoven web against the roller 36 of the belt press 34 are pressed. Simultaneously with the mechanical pressure loading of the nonwoven material web by the belt press 34, a drying fluid is pressed through the endless belts 40, 42, the forming fabric 54 and the intermediate nonwoven material web by a corresponding pressure difference. For this purpose, the endless belts 40, 42 wound around the roller 36 of the belt press 34 and the forming fabric 54 are permeable or permeable to the drying fluid.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 can in particular be designed again as a suction roll or as a blow roll.
  • the dehumidifying or receiving hood 44 is disposed below the roller 36.
  • the drying fluid may in particular be air or steam. In the former case, air with ambient temperature or even hot air can be used.
  • the inner endless belt 40 of the belt press 34 can be designed in particular as a felt belt.
  • a dewatering press 58 is additionally provided, which in the present case is designed as a roller press.
  • an additional dewatering press 58 is also not mandatory.
  • the nonwoven material web is conveyed, via one and the same forming fabric 54, from the former 28 around the additional suction roll 56, the roller 36 of the belt press 34, through the additional dewatering press 58 and as far as the thermal dewatering device 46. So in a closed train - led.
  • the same time serving as a transfer belt forming fabric 54 is disposed in the band press 34 between the inner endless belt 40 and the outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34, wherein the nonwoven material web in the extended nip 38 of the belt press 34 between the inner endless belt 40 and the forming fabric 54 comes to rest.
  • the press nip of the additional dewatering press 58 is the
  • the nonwoven material web is then transferred to the drying cylinder 60 of the thermal drying device or TAD or air drying unit.
  • the forming fabric 54 which simultaneously serves as a transfer belt, can be designed to be flat or to structure and / or perforate the nonwoven material web as a structural band.
  • the hydroentanglement unit 32 is particularly preferable in the case where patterning or perforation of the nonwoven fabric web is intended.
  • this hydroentanglement device 32 as well as the additional suction roller 56 and the additional dewatering press 58 are purely optional.
  • this sieve 54 which at the same time serves as a transfer belt, over the suction roll 56, through the belt press 34 and through the additional dewatering press 58 to the thermal drying device 46, this results in an overall extremely compact construction , LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
  • TAD thermal drying device
  • TAD thermal drying device

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un non-tissé dans lequel une nappe de fibres est façonnée dans une forme sur une toile de formage et la bande continue de matériau non-tissé ainsi obtenue est ensuite soumise à un égouttage supplémentaire. Cet égouttage supplémentaire de la bande continue de matériau non-tissé comprend l'égouttage au moyen d'un filtre-presse à bandes. Le filtre-presse à bandes comprend un cylindre autour duquel s'enroulent au moins une bande intérieure en contact avec le cylindre, la toile de formage et une bande pressante extérieure. La bande continue de matériau non-tissé est disposée au moins dans la zone du cylindre située entre la bande intérieure et la toile de formage, sur laquelle la bande pressante extérieure est disposée côté extérieur, vu depuis le cylindre. La bande pressante est comprimée sur le cylindre à une tension de bande d'au moins 15 kN/m et la toile de formage, la bande continue de matériau non-tissé et la bande intérieure sont ainsi comprimées contre le cylindre. Pour évacuer ou recevoir du fluide de séchage, le cylindre du filtre-presse à bandes est réalisé avec une surface ouverte. La toile de formage structurée et les bandes du filtre-presse à bandes utilisées sont une toile de formage structurée et des bandes perméables au fluide de séchage, de préférence perméables à l'air et/ou à la vapeur d'eau, et la compression de la bande continue de matériau non-tissé contre le cylindre force en même temps un fluide de séchage à traverser la toile de formage structurée perméable, les bandes perméables et la bande continue de matériau non-tissé.
PCT/EP2014/062624 2013-07-04 2014-06-17 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de non-tissé, en particulier par voie humide Ceased WO2015000689A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013213090 2013-07-04
DE102013213090.2 2013-07-04

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WO2015000689A1 true WO2015000689A1 (fr) 2015-01-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111979674A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-24 江苏博森机械制造有限公司 一种真空脱水装置

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006024508A2 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-09 Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG Procede et dispositif pour rendre rigide une bande de matiere comprenant un non-tisse
WO2007018960A2 (fr) 2005-07-20 2007-02-15 Albany International Corp. Modification de non-tisses dans des systemes a ligne de contact intelligents
WO2007124966A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Voith Patent Gmbh Toile de presse de tissus d'essorage pour un système atmos et section de presse d'une machine à papier utilisant cette toile d'essorage
DE102006042507A1 (de) 2006-09-07 2008-03-27 Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer ein Vlies umfassenden Warenbahn
DE102008054990A1 (de) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Materialbahn

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006024508A2 (fr) * 2004-09-02 2006-03-09 Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG Procede et dispositif pour rendre rigide une bande de matiere comprenant un non-tisse
WO2007018960A2 (fr) 2005-07-20 2007-02-15 Albany International Corp. Modification de non-tisses dans des systemes a ligne de contact intelligents
WO2007124966A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Voith Patent Gmbh Toile de presse de tissus d'essorage pour un système atmos et section de presse d'une machine à papier utilisant cette toile d'essorage
DE102006042507A1 (de) 2006-09-07 2008-03-27 Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer ein Vlies umfassenden Warenbahn
DE102008054990A1 (de) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Materialbahn

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111979674A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2020-11-24 江苏博森机械制造有限公司 一种真空脱水装置

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