WO2015014218A1 - 一种光伏焊带 - Google Patents

一种光伏焊带 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015014218A1
WO2015014218A1 PCT/CN2014/082451 CN2014082451W WO2015014218A1 WO 2015014218 A1 WO2015014218 A1 WO 2015014218A1 CN 2014082451 W CN2014082451 W CN 2014082451W WO 2015014218 A1 WO2015014218 A1 WO 2015014218A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive base
groove
strip
base tape
grooves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/082451
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱海鹏
于昊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FUNDANT (JIANGSU) ADVANCED MATERIALS Co Ltd
Original Assignee
FUNDANT (JIANGSU) ADVANCED MATERIALS Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FUNDANT (JIANGSU) ADVANCED MATERIALS Co Ltd filed Critical FUNDANT (JIANGSU) ADVANCED MATERIALS Co Ltd
Priority to EP14831760.5A priority Critical patent/EP3029743A4/en
Priority to JP2016530326A priority patent/JP2016527726A/ja
Priority to KR1020167002239A priority patent/KR20160023896A/ko
Priority to US14/902,010 priority patent/US9716198B2/en
Publication of WO2015014218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015014218A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F71/137—Batch treatment of the devices
    • H10F71/1375—Apparatus for automatic interconnection of photovoltaic cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic tape processing, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic band.
  • the sling is an important raw material in the process of splicing of PV modules.
  • the quality of ⁇ belt will directly affect the collection efficiency of PV modules, which has a great impact on the power of PV modules. How to increase the conversion rate of the cell sheet and reduce the fragmentation rate through the isomerization of the ribbon has always been one of the research topics in the industry.
  • Cida Patent No. CN101789452A discloses a tin-coated ribbon comprising a copper strip and a tin-coated layer on its surface, the surface of the tin-coated layer having a uniformly distributed pit-like body.
  • This kind of slingband causes the sunlight to diffusely reflect in the pit, increasing the energy of receiving sunlight.
  • the pit-like body only diffusely reflects, the proportion of sunlight reflected back to the cell sheet is small, and the conversion rate is limited; in addition, the pit is prepared during the tin-coating process, which produces an uneven layer of tantalum. And it will produce a phenomenon that the battery is not firmly connected, and there is a vain.
  • Cigar Patent No. CN 102569470 A discloses a V-groove prepared on the surface of an ankle tape perpendicular to the length of the ankle strap to reduce the crack and chip rate of the battery sheet.
  • the patented V-groove is perpendicular to the length direction and has no significant spacing between the V-grooves. Therefore, the strap is unstable when it is spliced to the battery, and the splicing is not strong. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: In order to overcome the fact that the existing photovoltaic tape cannot efficiently reflect the sunlight incident on the ribbon to the cell sheet, even if there are pits on the surface of the tape which are diffusely reflected, the reflection ratio tends to be low. , and the manufacture of the pit affects the quality of the ankle strap, causing the opposite side of the ankle strap to have a projection; and at the same time, the number of dimples greatly reduces the fastness of the ankle strap; Providing a groove on the surface of the tape will reduce the cross-sectional area of the tape. Therefore, the electrical resistivity of the tape will increase, that is, the conductivity will decrease slightly, which will be detrimental to the conversion efficiency of the cell.
  • the invention provides a 5% ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
  • a photovoltaic raft belt comprising a conductive base tape, the conductive base tape being a metal simple or alloy material having two upper and lower wide surfaces,
  • One or two wide surfaces of the conductive base tape are pressed with a plurality of grooves, and a base belt plane is left between the adjacent grooves;
  • the groove depth is 5% - 50% of the thickness of the conductive base tape
  • the groove depth is 5% to 45% of the thickness of the conductive base tape, and the sum of the maximum depths of the upper and lower wide surface grooves does not exceed 50 of the thickness of the conductive base tape.
  • the grooves on the conductive base strip are regularly repeated along the length of the conductive base strip on the surface of the conductive baseband.
  • the ratio of total reflection on the conductive baseband is evenly distributed; on the other hand, the baseband plane is evenly distributed, which is more advantageous for splicing, and at the same time, facilitates processing of the conductive baseband; thermal expansion due to the battery sheet and the sling The coefficient is different.
  • the baseband of the ribbon is copper or copper alloy
  • the cell is silicon
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of copper or copper alloy is larger than that of silicon.
  • the groove is electrically conductive
  • the linear strip-shaped groove and/or the curved strip-shaped groove are disposed obliquely in the longitudinal direction of the base tape; and the linear strip-shaped groove and the conductive base tape have an inclination angle of 15 ° -75 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the angle between the tangent of any point on the curve and the length direction of the conductive base strip is 15 ° -75 °; the groove may have only one oblique direction, that is, strip concave
  • the slots are parallel to each other; they can also be crossed.
  • the ratio of the total area of the baseband plane of the same wide surface to the surface area of the conductive layer on which it is located is 30% - 70%.
  • the conductive base tape is plated or thermally coated with a enamel layer, and the enamel layer may be directly plated or thermally coated on the conductive base tape, or a protective film may be first formed on the conductive base tape, and then electroplated or thermally coated. Picking layer.
  • the surface of the conductive base tape may have only one wide surface plated or hot coated layer, so that the surface of the conductive base tape with the groove may have a layer of tantalum or no material. Floor.
  • the ratio of the total area of the baseband plane to the area of the surface of the conductive substrate is a key factor, so that even if the surface of the tape is pressed with a groove, the area of the effective splicing can be ensured, thereby ensuring the firmness of the splicing. At the same time, the depth of the groove is limited, within which the pressing of the groove does not affect the opposing faces of the pressed grooves on the base tape.
  • the grooves are distributed across the same wide face, including both cross-distribution and parallel.
  • the inclination angles of the two intersecting grooves may be uniform, for example, 60 degrees, that is, the two intersecting grooves are mirror images of the length of the conductive base strip; or they may be different.
  • the groove is a linear strip-shaped groove and is divided into two oblique directions, and the grooves of the two oblique directions are mirror images of each other with respect to the longitudinal direction of the conductive base tape.
  • the angle between the two oblique grooves and the width direction of the conductive base tape is 25 ° - Between 65 °.
  • the grooves are distributed in parallel on the same wide face, and the grooves are inclined with respect to the length direction and the width direction of the conductive base tape.
  • the ability of the groove to reflect sunlight back to the cell sheet is increased, and the groove on the conductive base tape gradually increases from the opening to the bottom.
  • the slanting angle of the surface of the groove is 20. 9 ° -45. .
  • Light enters the light-diffusing medium from the optically dense medium. When the incident angle increases to a critical angle, when the angle of refraction reaches 90 °, the refracted light completely disappears, leaving only the reflected light. This phenomenon is called total reflection.
  • the critical angle of total reflection of sunlight in the glass-air interface layer of the photovoltaic cell module is 41.8 °, as long as the sunlight reflected from the groove of the ribbon is incident on the glass-air interface layer of the photovoltaic module Above or equal to the critical angle, sunlight will be totally reflected in the glass-to-air interface layer of the photovoltaic module, so that the totally reflected sunlight will re-engage in the photoelectric conversion, and the actual power of the photovoltaic module can be achieved through the surface special groove structure. 2%-2%.
  • the groove may be an arc groove or a V-shaped groove.
  • the inclination angle of the bottom surface is gradually changed, generally from the opening of the groove to the bottom, the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the groove is gradually reduced; and the bottom surface of the curved groove is only partially inclined to satisfy the warp band.
  • the reflected sunlight is required to be totally reflected in the glass and air interface layer of the photovoltaic cell module, while other parts do not meet the requirement, that is, the sunlight reflected by the groove can be incident on the glass and air interface layer of the photovoltaic module.
  • the angle of incidence is greater than or equal to the critical angle at which total reflection occurs.
  • the angle of inclination of the cut surface of each point on the bottom surface of the groove with respect to the ⁇ bandwidth surface is 20.
  • the conductive base tape is made of pure copper or copper aluminum alloy, copper silver alloy, copper silver aluminum alloy or an alloy based on high purity original copper and added with a rare earth material.
  • the crucible layer is prepared by electroplating or thermal coating on the conductive base tape.
  • the crucible used is tin-lead alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-copper alloy, tin-bismuth alloy, tin-silver alloy, pure tin, tin-silver-copper alloy.
  • One or more of the layers; the layer of the layer is one or more layers having a total thickness of 3-30 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the ultrathin protective film is 0. 1-10 ⁇ m.
  • the shape and distribution of the grooves of the same wide surface of the conductive base tape of the present invention are not limited to one, and grooves of different shapes and different distributions may be disposed on the two wide surfaces of the conductive base tape.
  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic sling belt, which can meet the customer's application requirements at least, and at least balances the following four aspects, thereby maximizing the customer's practical benefits: 1) increasing the total reflection ratio of sunlight incident on the sling band The overall practical output power of the battery assembly; 2) ensuring the splicing fastness between the sling and the battery by adjusting the ratio of the planar area of the baseband to the total area of the baseband; 3) reducing the practical cross-sectional loss of the conductive base by adjusting the angle of the groove Thereby minimizing the loss of the convergence efficiency of the ankle strap and ensuring the electrical conductivity of the ankle strap; 4) by adjusting the depth of the groove and the angle between the strip groove and the length direction of the ankle strap, reducing the temperature of the crucible after cooling due to the strap and the battery The probability that the sheet expansion coefficient will cause cracks and fragments of the battery sheet.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the V-shaped groove of Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the groove in the embodiment 1 of the present invention as an arc groove.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • TU1 oxygen-free copper is selected as the conductive substrate, and the thickness is 0.22 mm, and a linear strip-shaped V-shaped groove 3 with uniform cross-distribution is pressed on one wide surface or two wide surfaces, and between adjacent grooves 3 a rhombic base strip plane 4 is left, and the total area of the base strip plane 4 of the same wide surface occupies 35% of the area of the wide surface of the conductive base strip 1; wherein the linear strip-shaped V-groove 3 and the conductive base strip 1
  • the linear strip-shaped V-shaped groove 3 is inclined in both the width direction and the length direction, and has only two inclination angles; in the embodiment, the two linear strip-shaped V-shaped grooves are opposite to the length direction of the conductive base tape 1
  • the two mirror angles are the inclination angles of the two directions which are substantially 60 degrees from the width direction of the conductive base tape 1, respectively.
  • the depth of the recess 3 is approximately 30% of the thickness of the conductive base strip 1;
  • the depth of the groove 3 is 20%-30% of the thickness of the conductive base tape 1, and the sum of the maximum depths of the upper and lower wide surface grooves 3 does not exceed the thickness of the conductive base tape 1. 50%;
  • a tin-copper alloy tantalum material is selected, and the 10 ⁇ m layer 2 is electroplated or thermally coated on the conductive base tape 1 with the groove 3 to obtain a photovoltaic band.
  • the slanting angle of the groove 3 on the bottom surface of the groove 3 is 20. ° .
  • the power of a set of battery components using this photovoltaic tape is 4W higher than that of a component prepared using a conventional tape, which is increased by 1.7%.
  • the splicing force of the sling is the tension force required to pull the sling along the 45 degrees of the battery until the sling is peeled off from the battery.
  • the splicing force is greater than 3N, and the splicing force of the sling is greater than 4N in this embodiment. fulfil requirements.
  • the conductivity is reduced to less than 0.2% due to the special groove pattern design, and has almost no effect.
  • the fragmentation rate caused by internal stress caused by the splicing of the sling is not more than two ten thousandths.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the structure of this photovoltaic tape.
  • the groove 3 may have a circular arc shape as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the diameter of the groove 3 on the conductive base tape 1 gradually decreases from the opening to the bottom, and at least one point on the bottom surface of the groove 3 is on the bottom surface of the groove 3, and the inclination angle with respect to the wide surface of the conductive base tape 1 is 20 . 9 ° -45. .
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment. Different from Embodiment 1, the total area of the base strip plane 4 of the same wide surface accounts for 30% of the area of the wide surface of the conductive base strip 1; only one wide surface is pressed.
  • the groove 3, the depth of the groove 3 is approximately 5% of the thickness of the conductive base tape 1; the two inclination angles are respectively inclination angles of two directions which are substantially 15° with respect to the width direction of the conductive base tape 1.
  • the power of a set of battery components using this photovoltaic tape was 2. 3W higher than that of a component prepared using a common tape, which was increased by 1%.
  • the splicing force of the splicing belt of the embodiment is greater than 4N, which satisfies the requirements.
  • the electrical conductivity is reduced by less than 0.3% due to the special groove pattern design, and has almost no effect.
  • the fragmentation rate caused by internal stress caused by the splicing of the sling is not more than two ten thousandths.
  • Embodiment 3 This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment.
  • the ratio of the total area of the base strip plane 4 of the same wide surface to the area of the wide surface of the conductive base strip 1 is 70%;
  • the wide surface is pressed by the groove 3, wherein the depth of the groove 3 on one wide surface is 20% of the thickness of the conductive base strip 1, and the depth of the groove 3 on the other wide surface is 30% of the thickness of the conductive base strip 1; They are respectively inclined angles in two directions of approximately 75° with respect to the width direction of the conductive base tape 1.
  • the splicing force of the splicing belt of the embodiment is greater than 4N, which satisfies the requirements.
  • the electrical conductivity is reduced by less than 0.3% due to the special groove pattern design, and has almost no effect.
  • the fragmentation rate caused by internal stress caused by the splicing of the sling is not more than two ten thousandths.
  • Embodiment 4 As shown in Fig. 4, a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Different from Embodiment 1, a linear strip-shaped V-shaped groove 3 uniformly distributed in parallel is pressed on one wide surface or two wide surfaces of the conductive substrate, and strips are left between adjacent grooves 3. Baseband plane 4, the total area of the baseband plane 4 of the same wide surface occupies 45% of the area of the wide surface of the conductive base strip 1 , and the depth of the recess 3 is 20% of the thickness of the conductive base strip 1 , and the enamel layer 2 is prepared by electroplating .
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in Fig. 5, a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • the linear strip-shaped V-shaped grooves 3 are all changed to the curved strip-shaped V-shaped grooves 3 to form the base strip plane 4, and the total area of the base plane 4 of the same wide surface occupies the conductive area
  • the area ratio of the wide surface of the base tape 1 is 45%, and the depth of the groove depth groove 3 is 30% of the thickness of the conductive base tape 1, and the tantalum layer 2 is prepared by electroplating.
  • the power of a set of battery components using this photovoltaic tape is 3W higher than that of a component prepared using a conventional tape, which is increased by 1.25%.
  • the splicing force of the splicing belt of the embodiment is greater than 4N, which satisfies the requirements.
  • the electrical conductivity is reduced by less than 0.3% due to the special groove pattern design, and has almost no effect.
  • the fragmentation rate caused by internal stress caused by the splicing of the sling is not more than two ten thousandths.
  • Embodiment 6 As shown in Fig. 6, a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Different from Embodiment 1, the groove of this embodiment is a linear strip-shaped V-shaped groove 3 pressed along both sides in the longitudinal direction of the conductive base tape 1.
  • the middle portion of the conductive base tape 1 forms a baseband plane 4 along the longitudinal direction of the conductive base tape 1.
  • the ratio of the total area of the base plane 4 of the same wide surface to the area of the wide surface of the conductive base strip 1 is 50%, and the depth of the groove slope 3 is 20% of the thickness of the conductive base strip 1, and the material is prepared by electroplating or thermal coating.
  • Layer 2. Using a 156*156 polycrystalline silicon wafer, the power of a set of battery components was 2. 4 W, which was increased by 1%.
  • the splicing force of the sling of the present embodiment is greater than 4N, which satisfies the requirements.
  • the conductivity is reduced by less than 0.3% due to the special groove pattern design, and has almost no effect.
  • the fragmentation rate caused by internal stress caused by the splicing of the sling is not more than two ten thousandths.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)

Abstract

一种光伏焊带，包括导电基带（1），其上具有凹槽（3），凹槽（3）为与导电基带（1）的长度方向倾斜设置的直线型条状凹槽（3）和/或曲线型条状凹槽（3）；直线型条状凹槽（3）与导电基带（1）的长度方向的倾斜角度为15°-75°；曲线型条状凹槽（3）中，其曲线上任意一点的切线与导电基带（1）的长度方向的倾斜角度为15°-75°。所述的光伏焊带通过提高全反射比例增加电池组件的输出功率；通过调整基带（1）平面面积确保焊接牢度；通过调整凹槽（3）角度减少导电基带（1）的实用横截面损失，最小化焊带的汇流效率损失；通过调整凹槽（3）的深度、条状凹槽（3）与焊带长度方向的夹角，降低由于焊带与电池片膨胀系数不同而导致电池片发生隐裂和碎片的概率。

Description

一种光伏焊带 技术领域
本发明属于光伏悍带加工技术领域， 特别涉及一种光伏悍带。
背景技术
随着世界经济的快速发展， 能源消耗越来越大， 世界各国都需求新能源的 应用和普及。 由于二氧化碳排放导致的温室气体效应致使全球气候变暖并引发 自然灾害， 世界各国对清洁的可再生能源的需求尤其强烈。 在美国 2007年次贷 危机导致的全球危机蔓延和扩大以来， 为剌激经济增长， 各国都通过了更积极 的鼓励使用可再生能源的措施。 美国奥巴马政府提出在未来 10年投资 1500亿 美元用于清洁能源； 欧盟设定目标在 2020年将可再生能源占使用能源的比例提 高到 20%;日本提出在 2030年使 70%以上的新建住宅安装太阳能电池板（约 70GW)。 为缓解光电产品国内需求不足， 2009年 3月 26日， 中国财政部宣布将推动实施 "太阳能屋顶计划"示范工程。 财政部、 住房和城乡建设部联合出台的 《关于 加快推进太阳能光电建筑应用的实施意见》 中明确提出， 实施 "太阳能屋顶计 划"， 对光电建筑应用示范工程予以资金补助、 鼓励技术进歩与科技创新、 鼓励 地方政府出台相关财政扶持政策、 加强建设领域政策扶持等一系列原则措施。 现阶段在经济发达、 产业基础较好的大中城市积极推进太阳能屋顶、 光伏幕墙 等光电建筑一体化示范； 积极支持在农村与偏远地区发展离网式发电， 实施送 电下乡等有关规定，更是给太阳能技术的应用指明了方向。 以太阳能屋顶、 光伏 幕墙等光电建筑一体化为突破口， 可能在短期内让人们看到应用太阳能的诸多 好处， 也有利于今后大面积推广， 激发产业资本投资太阳能领域的积极性。 各 国的新能源政策或许将成为下一个影响我们此后 15年世界发展的重要政策之一。 2009年的哥本哈根气候会议再次唤醒、 强化了人们关注清洁能源的意识。 伴随 新能源的应用和普及， 光伏行业的迅猛增长势头得到进一歩的加强和重视。
悍带是光伏组件悍接过程中的重要原材料， 悍带质量的好坏将直接影响到 光伏组件电流的收集效率， 对光伏组件的功率影响很大。 如何通过悍带的异构 化， 来增加电池片的转化率， 降低碎片率， 一直是悍带行业研究的课题之一。
中国专利 CN101789452A给出了一种涂锡悍带， 其包括铜带及其表面的涂锡 层， 涂锡层表面具有均匀分布的坑状体。 这种悍带在一定程度上使太阳光在坑 状体中发生漫反射，提高了接受太阳光的能量。但是， 其坑状体仅发生漫反射， 反射回电池片的太阳光比例很小， 提高的转化率有限； 此外， 其凹坑是在涂锡 过程中制备， 会产生不均匀的悍料层， 并会产生与电池片悍接不牢的现象， 出 现虚悍。
中国专利 CN102569470A给出了一种在悍带表面制备垂直于悍带长度方向的 V型槽，以此来降低电池片的隐裂和碎片率。 但此专利悍带 V型槽是垂直于长度 方向且 V型槽间无明显的间距， 因此这种悍带在与电池片悍接时不稳定， 悍接 不牢。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是： 为了克服现有光伏悍带无法高效地将入射到 悍带的太阳光反射到电池片， 即使悍带表面有发生漫反射的凹坑， 其往往反射 比例较低， 并且凹坑的制造会影响悍带的质量， 使悍带带有凹坑的相对面产生 突起； 同时， 凹坑的数量在很大程度上降低了悍带的悍接牢固性； 另外， 由于 在悍带表面设置凹槽， 会降低悍带的横截面积， 因此， 悍带的电阻率将增大， 即电导率会有小幅度降低， 这将不利于电池片的转换效率。 本发明提供了一种 光伏悍带， 增加经悍带反射的太阳光在光伏电池组件的玻璃与空气界面层发生 全反射的比例， 发生全反射的太阳光重新参与光电转换， 从而将电池组件的功 率提高 0. 5%-2. 5%， 并在一定程度上能降低太阳能电池片悍接后的内应力， 从而 不会产生因为悍带的热胀冷缩导致的碎片； 而且即使表面压制有凹槽， 也能保 证有效悍接的面积， 从而保证了悍接的牢固性； 同时， 开设凹槽后， 悍带的电 导率受到的影响最小， 符合实际需求。 本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 一种光伏悍带， 包括导电基 带， 所述导电基带为金属单质或合金材料， 其具有上、 下两个宽表面，
所述导电基带的一个或两个宽表面压制有若干凹槽， 相邻的所述凹槽之间 留有基带平面；
当导电基带仅一个宽表面压制凹槽时， 所述的凹槽深度是导电基带厚度的 5%- 50%;
当导电基带两个宽表面均压制凹槽时， 所述的凹槽深度是导电基带厚度的 5%-45%, 且上、 下宽表面凹槽最大深度总和不超过所述导电基带厚度的 50%; 所述导电基带上的凹槽在所述导电基带宽表面沿导电基带长度方向呈规律 性重复。 一方面， 使得导电基带上发生全反射的比例均匀分布； 另一方面， 使 得基带平面均匀分布， 从而更有利于悍接， 同时， 还能便于导电基带的加工； 由于电池片与悍带的热膨胀系数不同， 一般悍带的基带为铜或铜合金， 电 池片为硅片， 铜或铜合金的热膨胀系数大于硅。 悍接时， 基带受热后在长度和 宽度方向均发生膨胀， 待冷却后， 基带收缩程度大于电池片， 由于此时悍带与 电池片已经固定， 悍带将会作用给电池片一个使电池片局部向内弯曲的力， 使 得电池片局部产生形变。 为了给悍带提供一个收缩的空间， 所述凹槽为与导电 基带的长度方向倾斜设置的直线型条状凹槽和 /或曲线型条状凹槽； 所述直线型 条状凹槽与导电基带的长度方向的倾斜角度为 15 ° -75。 ；所述曲线型条状凹槽 中， 其曲线上任意一点的切线与导电基带的长度方向的倾斜角度为 15 ° -75 ° ； 所述凹槽可以是仅有一种倾斜方向， 即条状凹槽互相平行； 也可以是交叉 的。
同一宽表面的基带平面的总面积占其所在导电基带宽表面的面积比例为 30%- 70%。
所述导电基带上电镀或热涂有悍料层， 悍料层可以是直接电镀或热涂在导 电基带上， 也可以是先在导电基带上先制作一层保护膜， 然后再电镀或热涂悍 料层。 并且， 为了节省悍料用量， 减少制造成本， 导电基带表面可以仅有一个 宽表面电镀或热涂悍料层， 因此， 带有凹槽的导电基带表面可以有悍料层， 也 可以没有悍料层。
基带平面的总面积占其所在导电基带宽表面的面积比例是一个关键， 使得 即使悍带表面压制有凹槽， 也能保证有效悍接的面积， 从而保证了悍接的牢固 性。 同时， 限制了凹槽的深度， 在所述深度范围内， 凹槽的压制不会对基带上 压制凹槽的相对面产生影响。
由于基带受热后在长度和宽度方向均发生膨胀， 所述凹槽在同一宽面交叉 分布， 包括既有交叉分布， 又有相互平行的情况。 两个交叉槽的倾斜角度可以 是一致的， 例如都是 60度， 即两个交叉槽与导电基带长度方向互为镜像； 也可 以是不同的。
具体地， 所述凹槽为直线型条状凹槽， 且分为两种倾斜方向， 所述的两种 倾斜方向的凹槽相对于导电基带的长度方向互为镜像。
所述的两种倾斜方向的凹槽均与导电基带的宽度方向之间的夹角在 25 ° - 65 ° 之间。
所述凹槽在同一宽面平行分布， 凹槽与导电基带的长度方向和宽度方向均 倾斜。
一方面， 考虑到降低悍带的内应力， 另一方面， 尽可能地提高所述凹槽将 太阳光反射回电池片的能力， 所述的导电基带上的凹槽从开口到底部的口径逐 渐缩小， 凹槽底面上的至少一点在凹槽底面上的切面， 相对于导电基带宽面的 倾斜角度为 20. 9 ° -45。 。光从光密介质射入光疏介质， 当入射角增大到临界角 时， 使折射角达到 90 ° 时， 折射光完全消失， 只剩下反射光， 这种现象叫做全 反射。 由于太阳光在光伏电池组件的玻璃与空气界面层发生全反射的临界角为 41. 8 ° ， 只要使从悍带的凹槽反射的太阳光入射到光伏组件的玻璃与空气界面 层的入射角大于或等于该临界角， 太阳光将会在光伏组件的玻璃与空气界面层 发生全反射， 从而使发生全反射的太阳光重新参与光电转换， 通过表面特殊凹 槽结构可将光伏电池组件实际功率进一歩提升 0. 2%-2%。所述的凹槽可以是弧形 槽， 也可以是 V形槽。 如果是弧形槽， 其底面倾斜角度是逐渐变化的， 一般是 从凹槽开口到底部， 凹槽底面的倾斜角度逐渐变小； 并且包括弧形凹槽底面仅 有部分倾斜角度满足经悍带反射的太阳光在光伏电池组件的玻璃与空气界面层 发生全反射的要求， 而其他部分不满足该要求的情况， 即能够使凹槽反射的太 阳光入射到光伏组件的玻璃与空气界面层的入射角大于或等于发生全反射的临 界角。 当然， 也包括凹槽底面在底面上每一点的切面相对于悍带宽面的倾斜角 度为 20. 9 ° -45 ° 的情况。 所述导电基带， 材质为纯铜或铜铝合金， 铜银合金， 铜银铝合金或以高纯 原铜为基础并添加有稀土材料的合金。 在导电基带上通过电镀或热涂的方式制备悍料层， 所使用的悍料为锡铅合 金， 锡铋合金， 锡铜合金， 锡铈合金， 锡银合金， 纯锡， 锡银铜合金中的一种 或多种； 悍料层为一层或多层， 其总厚度为 3-30 μ ιη。
此外在导电基带与悍料层之间可以电镀有一层或多层超薄保护膜， 所述超 薄保护膜的厚度为 0. 1-10 μ m。
本发明的导电基带同一宽表面的凹槽形状和分布并不局限于一种， 并且， 导电基带两个宽表面上可以设置不同形状和不同分布的凹槽。
本发明的一种光伏悍带， 可循客户侧重的应用要求， 至少在如下四个方面 综合平衡， 从而最大化客户实用收益： 1 )通过提高入射到悍带上的太阳光的全 反射比例增加电池组件的整体实用输出功率； 2 )通过调整基带平面面积占基带 总面积的比例确保悍带与电池片之间的悍接牢度； 3 ) 通过调整凹槽角度减少导 电基带的实用横截面损失从而最小化悍带的汇流效率损失， 保证悍带的电导率; 4)通过调整凹槽的深度， 以及条状凹槽与悍带长度方向的夹角， 降低悍接冷却 后由于悍带与电池片膨胀系数不同而导致电池片发生隐裂和碎片的概率。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的实施例 1的结构示意图。
图 2是图 1中 V型槽的剖面示意图。
图 3是本发明的实施例 1中的凹槽为弧形槽的剖面示意图。
图 4是本发明的实施例 2的结构示意图。
图 5是本发明的实施例 5的结构示意图。
图 6是本发明的实施例 6的结构示意图。
图中 1、 导电基带， 2、 悍料层， 3、 凹槽， 4、 基带平面。 具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一歩详细的说明。 这些附图均为简化的示意图， 仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构， 因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。 实施例 1
选用 TU1无氧铜作为导电基材， 厚度为 0. 22mm， 在其一个宽表面或两个宽 表面压制有均匀交叉分布的直线型条状 V型凹槽 3，相邻的凹槽 3之间留有菱形 的基带平面 4，并且同一宽表面的基带平面 4的总面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表 面的面积比例为 35%; 其中， 直线型条状 V型凹槽 3与导电基带 1的宽度方向和 长度方向均倾斜， 且仅有两种倾斜角度的直线型条状 V型凹槽 3 ; 本实施例中， 这两种直线型条状 V型凹槽相对于导电基带 1的长度方向互为镜像， 两种倾斜 角度分别为与导电基带 1的宽度方向大致呈 60 ° 的两个方向的倾角。
当导电基带 1仅一个宽表面压制凹槽 3时， 凹槽 3深度大致是导电基带 1 厚度的 30%;
当导电基带 1两个宽表面均压制凹槽 3时， 凹槽 3深度是导电基带 1厚度 的 20%-30%，且上、下宽表面凹槽 3最大深度总和不超过导电基带 1厚度的 50%;
选用锡铜合金悍料， 在此带有凹槽 3的导电基带 1上电镀或热涂 lOum悍料 层 2， 得到光伏悍带。 导电基带 1上的凹槽 3从开口到底部的口径逐渐缩小， 凹槽 3底面上的点 在凹槽 3底面上的切面， 相对于导电基带 1宽面的倾斜角度为 20. 9 ° -45 ° 。 采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 4W， 提高了 1. 7%。 悍带的悍接力是通过拉力计， 沿着电池片 45度方向拉悍带直至悍带从电池 片剥离所需的拉力， 一般悍接力要求大于 3N, 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N, 满足要求。
电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 2%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。
图 1、 图 2给出了此光伏悍带的结构图。 并且， 凹槽 3也可以是如图 3所示 的圆弧形。 图 3中， 导电基带 1上的凹槽 3从开口到底部的口径逐渐缩小， 凹 槽 3底面上的至少一点在凹槽 3底面上的切面， 相对于导电基带 1宽面的倾斜 角度为 20. 9 ° -45。 。 实施例 2 本实施例与实施例基本相同， 与实施例 1 不同的是， 同一宽表面的基带平 面 4的总面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表面的面积比例为 30%;仅一个宽表面压制 凹槽 3， 凹槽 3深度大致是导电基带 1厚度的 5%; 两种倾斜角度分别为与导电 基带 1的宽度方向大致呈 15 ° 的两个方向的倾角。
采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 2. 3W, 提高了 1%。
采用实施例 1的悍接力测量方法， 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N， 满足要 求。 电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 3%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。 实施例 3 本实施例与实施例基本相同， 与实施例 1 不同的是， 同一宽表面的基带平 面 4的总面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表面的面积比例为 70%;在导电基带 1两个 宽表面均压制凹槽 3， 其中一个宽面上凹槽 3深度是导电基带 1厚度的 20%, 另 一个宽面上凹槽 3的深度是导电基带 1厚度的 30%;两种倾斜角度分别为与导电 基带 1的宽度方向大致呈 75 ° 的两个方向的倾角。 采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 1. 2W, 提高了 0. 5%。 采用实施例 1的悍接力测量方法， 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N， 满足要 求。 电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 3%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。
实施例 4 如图 4所示， 本发明的实施例 2的结构示意图。 与实施例 1不同的是， 在 导电基材的一个宽表面或两个宽表面压制有均匀平行分布的直线型条状 V型凹 槽 3， 相邻的凹槽 3之间留有条状的基带平面 4， 同一宽表面的基带平面 4的总 面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表面的面积比例为 45%,凹槽 3深度是导电基带 1厚 度的 20%, 通过电镀方式制备悍料层 2。 采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 3W， 提高了 1. 25%。 采用实施例 1的悍接力测量方法， 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N， 满足要 求。 电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 3%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。 实施例 5 如图 5所示， 本发明的实施例 5的结构示意图。 与实施例 1不同的是， 直 线型条状 V型凹槽 3均改为曲线型条状 V型凹槽 3， 形成基带平面 4， 且同一宽 面的基带平面 4的总面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表面的面积比例为 45%,槽深凹 槽 3深度是导电基带 1厚度的 30%, 通过电镀方式制备悍料层 2。 采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 3W， 提高了 1. 25%。 采用实施例 1的悍接力测量方法， 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N， 满足要 求。 电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 3%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。 实施例 6 如图 6所示， 本发明的实施例 6的结构示意图。 与实施例 1不同的是， 本 实施例的凹槽是沿导电基带 1长度方向两侧压制的直线型条状 V型凹槽 3，导电 基带 1中部形成沿导电基带 1长度方向的基带平面 4， 且同一宽面的基带平面 4 的总面积占其所在导电基带 1宽表面的面积比例为 50%,凹槽斜面 3深度是导电 基带 1厚度的 20%, 通过电镀或热涂方式制备悍料层 2。 采用 60片 156*156多晶硅片， 使用此光伏悍带制备一组电池组件的功率比 使用普通悍带制备的组件功率高出 2. 4W, 提高了 1%。
采用实施例 1的悍接力测量方法， 本实施例的悍带悍接力大于 4N， 满足要 求。
电导率由于特殊的凹槽图案设计， 降低在 0. 3%以下， 几乎无影响。 由于悍带的悍接冷却后产生内应力导致的碎片率不超过万分之二。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种光伏悍带， 包括导电基带 （1)， 所述导电基带 （1) 为金属单质或 合金材料， 其具有上、 下两个宽表面， 其特征在于：
所述导电基带 （1) 的一个或两个宽表面压制有若干凹槽 （3)， 相邻的所述 凹槽 （3) 之间留有基带平面 （4);
当导电基带 （1) 仅一个宽表面压制凹槽 （3) 时， 所述的凹槽 （3) 深度是 导电基带 （1) 厚度的 5%-50%；
当导电基带 （1) 两个宽表面均压制凹槽 （3) 时， 所述的凹槽 （3) 深度是 导电基带 （1) 厚度的 5%-45%， 且上、 下宽表面凹槽 （3) 最大深度总和不超过 所述导电基带 （1) 厚度的 50%;
所述导电基带 （1) 上的凹槽 （3) 在所述导电基带 （1) 宽表面沿导电基带 (1) 长度方向呈规律性重复；
所述凹槽 （3) 为与导电基带 （1) 的长度方向倾斜设置的直线型条状凹槽 和 /或曲线型条状凹槽； 所述直线型条状凹槽与导电基带 （1) 的长度方向的倾 斜角度为 15° -75° ； 所述曲线型条状凹槽中， 其曲线上任意一点的切线与导电 基带 （1) 的长度方向的倾斜角度为 15° -75° ；
同一宽表面的基带平面 （4) 的总面积占其所在导电基带 （1) 宽表面的面 积比例为 30%-70%。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的光伏悍带， 其特征在于： 所述凹槽 （3) 在同一宽 面交叉分布。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的光伏悍带， 其特征在于： 所述凹槽 （3) 为直线型 条状凹槽， 且分为两种倾斜方向， 所述的两种倾斜方向的凹槽 （3) 相对于导电 基带 （1) 的长度方向互为镜像。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的光伏悍带， 其特征在于： 所述的两种倾斜方向的凹 槽 （3) 均与导电基带 （1) 的宽度方向之间的夹角在 25° - 65° 之间。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的光伏悍带， 其特征在于： 所述凹槽 （3) 在同一宽 面平行分布。
6、 如权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的光伏悍带， 其特征在于： 所述的导电基 带 （1) 上的凹槽 （3) 从开口到底部的口径逐渐缩小， 凹槽 （3) 底面上的至少 一点在凹槽（3)底面上的切面， 相对于导电基带（1)宽面的倾斜角度为 20.9° -45° 。
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