WO2015018379A2 - 带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛 - Google Patents

带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018379A2
WO2015018379A2 PCT/CN2014/088125 CN2014088125W WO2015018379A2 WO 2015018379 A2 WO2015018379 A2 WO 2015018379A2 CN 2014088125 W CN2014088125 W CN 2014088125W WO 2015018379 A2 WO2015018379 A2 WO 2015018379A2
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Prior art keywords
water
column
furnace
wall
cooling
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2014/088125
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2015018379A3 (zh
Inventor
吕清刚
高鸣
王东宇
王小芳
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Priority to US14/909,224 priority Critical patent/US9599331B2/en
Priority to EP14834377.5A priority patent/EP3045809B1/en
Priority to PL14834377T priority patent/PL3045809T3/pl
Publication of WO2015018379A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015018379A2/zh
Publication of WO2015018379A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015018379A3/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/12—Forms of water tubes, e.g. of varying cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K5/00—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type
    • F01K5/02—Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type used in regenerative installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/02—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially-straight water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/101—Entrained or fast fluidised bed

Definitions

  • This invention relates to circulating fluidized bed boilers, and more particularly to large circulating fluidized bed boiler furnaces.
  • Chinese Patent ZL 200710151813.0 discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace with a water-cooled column, and a water-cooled column enclosed by a membrane water wall is arranged between the furnace air distribution plate and the ceiling.
  • the secondary air is introduced into the combustion space of the furnace. Since the secondary air duct needs to be arranged on the inner side of the column, a certain pipeline arrangement and maintenance space are required, which determines that the cross-sectional size of the water-cooled column according to the conventional design will be relatively large, which will result in the inner and outer walls of the annular furnace burning space.
  • variable cross-section water-cooled column of the present invention is proposed.
  • a water-cooling column which is formed by enclosing a side wall of a water-cooling column, a side wall of the water-cooling column is formed by a membrane type water-cooling wall, and a membrane-type water-cooling wall is provided with a working medium from bottom to top.
  • Water cooled column The method includes: a lower portion of the water-cooling column, the lower portion of the water-cooling column has a cross-sectional narrowing portion having a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing in a direction from the bottom to the top; and an upper portion of the water-cooling column, wherein: the water-cooling column The upper portion of the column is connected to the reduced cross section, and the cross section of the cross section at the joint coincides with the cross section of the upper portion of the water cooling column at the joint.
  • the cross-sectional area and cross section of the upper portion of the water-cooled column remain unchanged.
  • an air outlet is disposed on the sidewall of the water-cooling column of the cross-sectional reduction portion.
  • a furnace defining a reaction space, wherein the furnace is provided with the above-described water-cooling column arranged in a vertical direction.
  • the furnace can be a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, including a furnace side wall, a ceiling, a wind deflecting plate and the above water cooling column disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling.
  • the outer side of the water cooling column faces the furnace burning space, and the water cooling column side wall
  • the lower part of the air is provided with an inner secondary air inlet for introducing a secondary air into the combustion space of the furnace.
  • the distance between the side wall of the water-cooling column and the side wall of the furnace is relatively long.
  • the screen-type heating surface is arranged on the side wall of the water-cooling column, there is sufficient space to avoid the screen-type heating in the narrow space facing the upper flow field of the furnace.
  • the interference and the tube panel are too close to the tube panel wear caused by the flue gas outlet of the furnace.
  • the water-cooling column lower portion includes the cross-sectional reduction portion and the vertical portion, and the vertical portion has a constant cross-sectional area and is located between the cross-sectional reduction portion and the air distribution plate.
  • the cross-sectional reduction portion is located between the air distribution plate and the upper portion of the water-cooling column.
  • the inner secondary tuyere is disposed on a side wall of the water-cooling column of the reduced cross-section.
  • the water-cooling column has a pair of water-cooling column side walls parallel to each other, and the pair of water-cooling column side walls parallel to each other extend from the air distribution plate to the ceiling in a vertical direction.
  • the lower portion of the pair of mutually parallel water-cooling column sidewalls and the opposite lower portions of the furnace sidewalls extend obliquely upwardly away from the opposite corresponding water-cooling column sidewalls.
  • the side wall of the furnace opposite to the side wall of the cross-sectionally narrowed portion of the water-cooled column opposite to the water-cooling column extends in a straight direction.
  • only one water-cooling column is disposed in the furnace.
  • the furnace has a rectangular cross section; the water cooling column is enclosed by four membrane water walls, and a pair of opposite membrane water walls of the four membrane water walls are vertically extended parallel to each other. And the other pair of opposing membrane water walls of the four membrane water walls extend upward in the cross-sectional narrowing portion in the vertical direction with respect to each other.
  • the opposite two water-cooling walls are inclined from the bottom to the inside of the column to form a tapered shape, and another pair of opposite two water-cooling walls can remain vertical.
  • the structure of the variable cross section water-cooled column is simplified.
  • the two side walls of the water-cooled column form a tapered shape
  • the two sides of the wall of the furnace wall which are designed to be inclined at the lower side are required to have two pieces. Not designed to be inclined, it greatly simplifies the design and installation of the water wall of the side wall of the furnace.
  • the cross-section of the circulating fluidized bed boiler has an octagonal shape
  • the sidewall of the furnace includes: a front wall, a rear wall, a left side wall, a right side wall, a left front wall, a right front wall, a left rear wall, and a right rear wall.
  • the water-cooled column is enclosed by eight membrane-type water-cooled walls, including a pair of oppositely disposed water-cooled columns, front and rear walls facing the front wall and the rear wall, respectively facing the left and right walls of the furnace
  • the left and right walls of the water-cooled column and the left front wall between the front wall and the left wall of the water-cooled column, the right front wall between the front wall and the right wall of the water-cooled column, and the rear wall and left of the water-cooled column a left rear wall between the walls, a right rear wall between the rear wall and the right wall of the water-cooled column;
  • a pair of mutually adjacent water-cooled column sidewalls in the front and rear walls of the water-cooled column and the left and right walls of the water-cooled column are vertically upward Extending, the front and rear walls of the water-cooled column and the other pair of water-cooling column sidewalls in the left and right walls of the water-cooling column are inclined upward while being inclined upward, the left front wall, the right front wall, the left rear wall
  • the furnace has an octagonal cross section
  • the sidewall of the furnace includes: a front wall, a rear wall, a left side wall, a right side wall, a left front wall, a right front wall, a left rear wall, and a right rear wall;
  • An eight-piece membrane water wall is enclosed, comprising a pair of oppositely disposed water-cooling columns front and rear walls facing the front wall and the rear wall, respectively, opposite to the other of the left and right walls of the furnace.
  • the cross section of the furnace is octagonal
  • the cross section of the water-cooled column is also octagonal
  • the upper cross section is concave octagon or quadrilateral; the lower part of the water-cooled column is reduced from top to bottom, so that the side wall of the furnace can be kept vertical. It simplifies the structural design of the original eight side walls that need to be tilted inward.
  • the furnace has a rectangular cross section; at least two water cooling columns are disposed in the furnace, the at least two water cooling columns are spaced apart from each other; each water cooling column is enclosed by four membrane water walls a pair of opposing membrane water walls of the four membrane water walls are vertically extending parallel to each other, and the other pair of membrane water walls of the four membrane water walls are vertically in the cross section reduction Stretching in a straight direction relative to each other; the at least two water-cooling columns are identical in structure, and in the cross-sectional narrowing of the water-cooling column, the vertically extending membrane water wall in one water-cooling column is parallel to the other A vertically extending membrane water wall in a water cooled column.
  • the upper portion of the water-cooled column is provided with a screen-type heating surface.
  • a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace comprising a furnace side wall, a ceiling, an air distribution plate, and the above water cooling column disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, wherein: the water cooling The column has a sloped water-cooled column sidewall that is internally inclined toward the interior of the water-cooled column; and the furnace sidewall opposite the sidewall of the inclined water-cooled column extends in a vertical direction.
  • a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace comprising a furnace side wall, a ceiling, an air distribution plate, and the above water cooling column disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, wherein: the water cooling The inside of the lower part of the column provides an arrangement space for the secondary duct.
  • the large circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following advantages: the volume of the water-cooled column in the furnace is greatly reduced, and the space on the upper part of the furnace is provided with a sufficient space on the screen heating surface.
  • the screen has little interference to the flow field and the tube panel wears lightly; the secondary air duct is arranged in the water-cooled column, the space is abundant and easy to overhaul; at the same time, the water wall structure of the side wall of the furnace can be simplified.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are schematic front, side and top cross-sectional views, respectively, of a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace with a variable cross section water-cooled column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a water-cooling column of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a variable cross-section water-cooled column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a front elevational view showing the provision of another variable-section water-cooling column in a furnace of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a variable-section water-cooling column according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • 6 to 8 are schematic front, side and top cross-sectional views, respectively, of a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace with a variable cross section water-cooled column according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top plan view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace with a variable cross section water-cooled column according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • 10 to 12 are front, side and top cross-sectional views, respectively, of a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace with a variable cross section water-cooled column according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a water-cooling column with a variable cross section according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a top plan view of another water-cooling column with variable cross-section according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler has a quadrangular cross section, including: furnace sidewalls 11 to 14 (furnace front wall 11, rear wall 12, left side wall 13 and right side wall, respectively). 14); a ceiling 3; an air distribution plate 4 disposed at the bottom of the furnace; and at least one water-cooling column 2 disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, the water-cooling column 2 is enclosed by four membrane water-cooling walls, including respectively One facing the front and back walls of the furnace.
  • the oppositely disposed water-cooling column front wall 21 and rear wall 22 are respectively disposed opposite to the left side wall 23 and the right wall 24 of the other set of water-cooling columns of the left side wall and the right side wall of the furnace.
  • the cross section of the water-cooling column 2 at the air distribution plate 4 is rectangular.
  • the water-cooling column 2 extends upward from the air distribution plate 4 to the furnace roof 3, and when extending from the bottom to the top, a set of water-cooled columns 2 is relatively disposed from a position above the air distribution plate 4 or the air distribution plate 4.
  • the side walls are simultaneously inclined toward the inside of the column, so that the spacing between the two is reduced, and when there is a certain distance between the two, the vertical extension is simultaneously extended; the other set of opposite side walls of the water-cooled column remains Parallel to each other vertically upwards, so that the upper part of the water-cooled column has a "mouth" shape on both sides, and the space cross section of the side wall is still rectangular.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner space of the column at the upper part of the water-cooled column is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the space inside the lower column of the water-cooled column.
  • An inner secondary air outlet 202 is disposed on the inclined section of the side wall of the water cooling column, and an outer secondary air outlet 102 may also be disposed on a corresponding or substantially corresponding area on the side wall of the furnace.
  • the inclination of the lower part of the water cooling column starts from a height above the air distribution plate, but the starting point should be lower than the inner secondary air outlet 202.
  • the lower portions of the front and rear walls 11, 12 of the furnace are inclined outward, and an outer secondary air outlet is provided.
  • the left and right side walls 13, 14 of the furnace are vertical from bottom to top, and may also be provided with an outer secondary air outlet.
  • FIG 4 is a partial enlarged view of a top view of the water-cooled column, and the inner secondary air port 202 is not shown.
  • a screen heating surface 5 may be disposed on the upper portion of the left wall 23 and the right wall 24 of the water cooling column, as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the left wall 23 and the right wall 24 of the water-cooling column are from bottom to top, and may be a vertical section 231 and 241, and an inwardly inclined section 232. And 242, and then the vertical sections 233 and 243; wherein the vertical sections 231 and 241 are not higher than the inner secondary tuyere 202.
  • the inwardly inclined water-cooled column side wall of the lower portion of the water-cooled column forms a cross-sectionally narrowed portion of the water-cooled column.
  • the distance between the set of side walls having the inclined sections in the reduced cross section is specifically determined according to the need for inspection, heat dissipation, or provision of a screen heating surface.
  • the height of the inclined section is specifically determined according to the needs of the secondary air arrangement.
  • the inwardly inclined side wall of the water-cooled column preferably the side wall opposite the wider side walls of the side wall of the furnace, such as In Figure 1, the furnace is around
  • the side walls 13, 14 are wider than the front and rear walls 11, 12 of the furnace, and the lower portions of the left wall 23 and the right wall 24 of the water-cooled column are inclined inward when extending from the bottom to the top.
  • the lower portion of the side wall of the furnace opposite the inclined side wall of the water-cooled column can be designed to be vertical to simplify the structure of the side wall of the furnace.
  • the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler has an octagonal cross section, including: furnace sidewalls (furnace front wall 11, rear wall 12, left side wall 13 and right side wall 14) and furnace a left front wall 113, a right front wall 114, a left rear wall 123, and a right rear wall 124); a ceiling 3; a wind deflecting plate 4 disposed at the bottom of the furnace; and a water-cooling column 2 disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, the water cooling column 2 It is enclosed by eight membrane water walls, including a pair of oppositely disposed water-cooled column front wall 21 and rear wall 22 facing the front wall and the rear wall of the furnace, respectively, facing the left and right walls of the furnace respectively.
  • the left wall 23 and the right wall 24 of the water cooling column disposed opposite to each other, and the left front wall 213 between the front wall 21 and the left wall 23 of the water cooling column, and the right front wall 214 between the front wall 21 and the right wall 24 of the water cooling column A left rear wall 223 between the rear wall 22 and the left wall 23 of the water-cooled column, and a right rear wall 224 between the rear wall 22 and the right wall 24 of the water-cooling column.
  • the cross section of the water-cooling column 2 at the air distribution plate 4 is octagonal.
  • the front and rear walls 21 and 22 of the water-cooling column extend vertically upward, and the lower portions of the left and right walls 23, 24 of the water-cooling column are inclined upward while being inclined upward, and extend upward and upward when the proper height of the air distribution plate is extended, the left front wall 213, the right
  • the front wall 214, the left rear wall 223 and the right rear wall 224 extend upward while being adaptively inclined inwardly, maintaining the enclosing relationship with the side wall of the associated water-cooling column, and extending to the inner tilting of the left and right walls 23, 24 of the water-cooling column.
  • FIG. 13 shows a partial enlarged schematic view of the water-cooled column.
  • variable cross section of the water-cooling column 2 can also be realized by extending the upper eight side walls through a Y-shaped tube or a tube, etc., while inwardly tilting until a rectangle is formed; the projection of the rectangle on the air distribution plate is completely located.
  • the water-cooled column is inside the cross section of the air distribution plate, and the four sides are respectively parallel to the four side walls of the furnace, as shown in FIG.
  • the invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, comprising a furnace sidewall, a ceiling, an air distribution plate and a water cooling column arranged between the air distribution plate and the ceiling.
  • the water cooling column is enclosed by the water cooling column side wall and is water cooled.
  • the side wall of the column is formed by a membrane type water-cooling wall, and the membrane type water-cooling wall has a working medium from the bottom to the top, the outer side of the water-cooling column faces the burning space of the furnace, and the lower part of the side wall of the water-cooling column is provided with two times to the combustion space of the furnace.
  • the lower portion of the water-cooling column has a cross-sectional reduction portion, and the cross-sectional area of the cross-sectional reduction portion is gradually reduced in the vertical direction toward the ceiling to a cross-sectional area of the upper portion of the water-cooling column,
  • the cross-sectional reduction portion is connected to the upper portion of the water-cooled column.
  • a water-cooled column having a quadrangular cross section is taken as an example.
  • a pair of opposite side walls are inclined inwardly from the air distribution plate toward the ceiling, and when they are at a certain height from the air distribution plate, they extend vertically upward while maintaining There is a certain distance between the two; the other set of side walls remain vertical.
  • the water-cooled column with an octagonal cross section is taken as an example.
  • the opposite set of side walls is vertical, and the other three sets of opposite side walls are inclined from the wind deflecting plate to the ceiling, and are inclined inward to the distance wind deflecting plate. At a certain height, it extends vertically upwards, and there is still a certain distance between the side walls of each group, and the upper part of the water-cooled column has a concave octagon or a rectangular shape.
  • a water-cooled column with a hexagonal cross section is taken as an example.
  • the opposite set of side walls ensure vertical, and the other two sets of opposite side walls extend from the air distribution plate to the ceiling while tilting inward to the distance air distribution plate. At a certain height, it extends vertically upwards, and there is still a certain distance between the side walls of each group, and the upper part of the water-cooled column has a concave hexagon or a rectangular shape.
  • the invention also provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, including a furnace sidewall, a ceiling, and a wind deflector And a water-cooling column disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, wherein: the water-cooling column lower portion has a cross-sectional reduction portion, the cross-sectional reduction portion is enclosed by a water-cooling column side wall, and the cross-sectional narrowing portion is connected To the upper part of the water-cooling column, and having an inclined water-cooling column side wall that is inclined toward the inside of the water-cooling column; the side wall of the furnace opposite to the side wall of the inclined water-cooling column extends in a vertical direction.
  • the invention also provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, comprising a furnace sidewall, a ceiling, a wind deflecting plate and a water cooling column disposed between the air distribution plate and the ceiling, wherein: the water cooling column comprises a water cooling column lower part and a water cooling column upper part
  • the cross-sectional area of the lower portion of the water-cooled column is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper portion of the water-cooled column
  • the cross-section of the lower portion of the water-cooled column is tapered to transition to the cross-section of the upper portion of the water-cooled column
  • the interior of the lower portion of the water-cooled column provides a space for the arrangement of the secondary air duct.
  • the invention also provides a water-cooling column, which is formed by enclosing a side wall of a water-cooling column, the side wall of the water-cooling column is formed by a membrane type water-cooling wall, and the tube of the membrane-type water-cooling wall is provided with a working medium from bottom to top, the water-cooling column.
  • the method includes: a lower portion of the water-cooling column, the lower portion of the water-cooling column has a cross-sectional narrowing portion having a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing in a direction from the bottom to the top; and an upper portion of the water-cooling column, wherein: the water-cooling column The upper portion of the column is connected to the reduced cross section, and the cross section of the cross section at the joint coincides with the cross section of the upper portion of the water cooling column at the joint.
  • the coincidence indicates that the cross-sectional shape of the cross-sectional reduction portion at the joint and the cross-sectional area are the same as the cross-sectional shape and the cross-sectional area of the upper portion of the water-cooled column at the joint, and the orientations of the two cross-sections are the same.
  • the cross-sectional area and cross-section of the upper portion of the water-cooled column remain unchanged.
  • the air-cooling column side wall of the cross-sectional reduction portion is provided with an air outlet.
  • the present invention also proposes a furnace defining a reaction space in which the above-described water-cooling column arranged in a vertical direction is disposed in the furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

一种水冷柱，由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，水冷柱侧壁由膜式水冷壁形成，膜式水冷壁的管内自下而上通有工质，所述水冷柱包括：水冷柱下部，所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部具有在从下往上的方向上逐渐减小的横截面积；以及水冷柱上部，其中：所述水冷柱上部与所述横截面缩小部连接，横截面缩小部在该连接处的横截面与水冷柱上部在该连接处的横截面相吻合。本发明也提出了一种炉膛，限定反应空间，其中所述炉膛中设置有沿竖直方向布置的上述水冷柱。

Description

带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛 技术领域
本发明涉及循环流化床锅炉，尤其是大型循环流化床锅炉炉膛。
背景技术
大型化与高参数化是循环流化床锅炉技术发展的必然趋势，随着锅炉容量的增大，炉膛横截面的不断增大致使二次风难以到达炉膛中心；同时，随着锅炉蒸汽参数的提高，特别是提高到超临界或超超临界蒸汽参数时，炉膛的放热容积较炉内蒸发受热面增加得更快，放热和吸热的不平衡增长导致受热面的布置问题，因此，二次风的穿透与受热面的布置问题成了制约循环流化床锅炉向大型化与高参数化发展的主要技术瓶颈。
为解决二次风穿透问题，中国专利ZL 200710151813.0公开了一种带水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛，在炉膛布风板和顶棚之间设置由膜式水冷壁围合而成的水冷柱，以增加炉膛受热面，并通过该水冷柱向炉膛燃烧空间通入二次风。由于柱体内侧需布置二次风管道，需要一定的管道布置和检修空间，决定了按常规设计的水冷柱横截面尺寸会比较大，会导致呈环状的炉膛燃烧空间的内外壁之间的距离偏小，对炉内物料流动掺混和炉膛上部屏式受热面的布置存在不利影响。此外，当炉膛内仅设置一个常规四方形水冷柱时，通常炉膛的四片侧墙水冷壁下部均须向内倾斜，才能形成了二次风喷入后所需的炉膛燃烧空间横截面的渐增，使炉膛侧墙水冷壁结构设计与安装都较为复杂。
发明内容
为解决上述问题的至少一个方面，提出本发明的一种变截面水冷柱。
根据本发明的一个方面，提出一种水冷柱，由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，水冷柱侧壁由膜式水冷壁形成，膜式水冷壁的管内自下而上通有工质，所述水冷柱 包括：水冷柱下部，所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部具有在从下往上的方向上逐渐减小的横截面积；以及水冷柱上部，其中：所述水冷柱上部与所述横截面缩小部连接，横截面缩小部在该连接处的横截面与水冷柱上部在该连接处的横截面相吻合。
可选的，所述水冷柱上部的横截面积以及横截面保持不变。
可选的，所述横截面缩小部的水冷柱侧壁上设置有出风口。
根据本发明的另一方面，提出了一种炉膛，限定反应空间，其中所述炉膛中设置有沿竖直方向布置的上述的水冷柱。
该炉膛可以为循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的上述的水冷柱，水冷柱的外侧朝向炉膛燃烧空间，水冷柱侧壁的下部设有向炉膛燃烧空间通入二次风的内二次风口。通过在炉膛中设置一个或多个变截面的水冷柱，水冷柱下部横截面较大，使水冷柱下部内侧有充足的空间可用于布置二次风管道和检修；水冷柱上部横截面较小，使水冷柱侧壁与炉膛侧壁之间的距离较远，在水冷柱侧壁上设置屏式受热面时，有充裕的空间，避免了狭窄空间中设置屏式受热面对炉膛上部流场的干扰和管屏过于靠近炉膛烟气出口带来的管屏磨损问题。
可选的，所述水冷柱下部包括所述横截面缩小部以及竖直部，所述竖直部的横截面积保持不变且位于横截面缩小部与布风板之间。
可选的，所述横截面缩小部位于布风板与水冷柱上部之间。
有利的，所述内二次风口布置在所述横截面缩小部的水冷柱侧壁上。
可选的，所述水冷柱具有一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁，所述一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁在竖直方向上从布风板延伸到顶棚。有利的，与所述一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁平行且相对的炉膛侧壁的下部远离相对的对应的水冷柱侧壁倾斜向上延伸。
可选的，与水冷柱的横截面缩小部的倾斜延伸水冷柱侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁在坚直方向上延伸。
可选的，所述炉膛内仅设置一个水冷柱。
可选的，所炉膛的横截面为矩形；所述水冷柱由四片膜式水冷壁围合而成，四片膜式水冷壁中的一对相对的膜式水冷壁彼此平行的竖直延伸，而四片膜式水冷壁中的另一对相对的膜式水冷壁在横截面缩小部中在竖直方向上相对于彼此靠近的倾斜向上延伸。水冷柱由四片水冷壁围合而成时，通过相对的两水冷壁自下而上向柱内侧倾斜形成渐缩的形状，同时另外一组相对的两片水冷壁可仍保持竖直，这简化了变截面水冷柱的结构。此时，由于水冷柱的两片侧壁形成了渐缩的形状，因此当炉膛内仅设置一个水冷柱时，原本均需要设计为下部倾斜的炉膛四片侧墙水冷壁中，有两片可以不设计为倾斜的，可大大简化炉膛侧墙水冷壁设计与安装。
可选的，循环流化床锅炉炉膛的横截面为八边形，炉膛侧壁包括：前墙、后墙、左侧墙、右侧墙、左前墙、右前墙、左后墙和右后墙；水冷柱由八片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向前墙和后墙的一组相对设置的水冷柱前壁和后壁、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁和右壁，以及位于水冷柱前壁与左壁之间的左前壁、位于水冷柱前壁与右壁之间的右前壁、位于水冷柱后壁与左壁之间的左后壁、位于水冷柱后壁与右壁之间的右后壁；水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁中的一对彼此相对的水冷柱侧壁竖直向上延伸，水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁中的另一对彼此相对的水冷柱侧壁的下部向上延伸的同时向内倾斜，左前壁、右前壁、左后壁和右后壁向上延伸的同时、适应性的向内倾斜，保持与相关水冷柱侧壁的围合关系，延伸至水冷柱左、右壁的由内倾变为竖直向上转折点时结束内倾、也转为竖直向上延伸，使水冷柱上部横截面为凹八边形。或者，所述炉膛的横截面为八边形，炉膛侧壁包括：前墙、后墙、左侧墙、右侧墙、左前墙、右前墙、左后墙和右后墙；水冷柱下部由八片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向前墙和后墙的一组相对设置的水冷柱前壁和后壁、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁和右壁，以及位于水冷柱前壁与左壁之间的左前壁、位于水冷 柱前壁与右壁之间的右前壁、位于水冷柱后壁与左壁之间的左后壁、位于水冷柱后壁与右壁之间的右后壁；在水冷柱的横截面缩小部中，水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁均倾斜向上延伸而形成一个矩形横截面，左前壁、右前壁、左后壁和右后壁向上倾斜延伸而终止于矩形横截面的对应的顶点。当炉膛横截面为八边形时，水冷柱底部横截面也为八边形，上部横截面为凹八边形或四边形；水冷柱下部自上而下减缩，使炉膛侧墙可以保持竖直，简化了原有的八片侧墙都需要向内倾斜的结构设计。
可选的，所述炉膛的横截面为矩形；所述炉膛内设置至少两个水冷柱，所述至少两个水冷柱彼此间隔开；每一个水冷柱由四片膜式水冷壁围合而成，四片膜式水冷壁中的一对相对的膜式水冷壁彼此平行的竖直延伸，而四片膜式水冷壁中的另一对相对的膜式水冷壁在横截面缩小部中在竖直方向上相对于彼此靠近的倾斜延伸；所述至少两个水冷柱的结构相同，且在水冷柱的横截面缩小部中，一个水冷柱中的竖直延伸的膜式水冷壁平行于另外的水冷柱中的竖直延伸的膜式水冷壁。
有利的，水冷柱上部设置有屏式受热面。
根据本发明的又一方面，提出了一种循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的上述的水冷柱，其中：所述水冷柱具有朝向水冷柱内部内倾的倾斜水冷柱侧壁；且与所述倾斜水冷柱侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁沿竖直方向延伸。
根据本发明的再一方面，提出了一种循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的上述的水冷柱，其中：所述水冷柱下部的内部提供二次风管的布置空间。
与现有技术相比，本发明的大型循环流化床锅炉炉膛可以实现至少如下优点之一：炉膛内的水冷柱体积大幅度减小，使炉膛上部设置屏式受热面的空间充足、且管屏对流场的干扰小、管屏磨损轻；水冷柱内布置二次风管道方便、空间充裕且易于检修；同时还可简化炉膛侧墙水冷壁结构。
附图说明
图1～3分别为本发明提供的实施例1的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛的正视、侧视和俯视剖视示意图；
图4为本发明提供的实施例1的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛的水冷柱局部放大示意图；
图5为本发明提供实施例1的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛中设置另一种变截面水冷柱的正视示意图；
图6～8分别为本发明提供的实施例2的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛的正视、侧视和俯视剖视示意图；
图9分别为本发明提供的实施例3的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛的俯视示意图；
图10～12分别为本发明提供的实施例4的带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛的正视、侧视和俯视剖视示意图。
图13为本发明提供的实施例4的带变截面水冷柱的局部放大示意图。
图14为本发明提供的实施例4的另一种带变截面水冷柱俯视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实例性的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中相同或相似的标号表示相同或相似的元件。下面参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在解释本发明，而不能解释为对本发明的限制。
下面参照图1-14描述具有变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛。
如图1-9中所示，循环流化床锅炉的炉膛，横截面为四边形，包括：炉膛侧壁11～14(分别为炉膛前墙11、后墙12、左侧墙13和右侧墙14)；顶棚3；设置在炉膛底部的布风板4；以及设置在布风板与顶棚之间的至少一个水冷柱2，水冷柱2由四片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向炉膛前墙和后墙的一 组相对设置的水冷柱前壁21和后壁22、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁23和右壁24。水冷柱2在布风板4处的横截面为矩形。
其中：水冷柱2从布风板4向上延伸到炉膛顶棚3，且自下而上延伸时，从布风板4、或布风板4上方某位置起，水冷柱2的一组相对设置的侧壁同时向柱内侧倾斜，使二者之间的间距减小，至二者之间还留有一定距离时，转而同时竖直向上延伸；水冷柱的另一组相对设置的侧壁保持相互平行的竖直向上延伸，使水冷柱上部的呈两边出头的“口”字形，其侧壁围合而成的空间横截面仍呈矩形。水冷柱上部的柱内空间的横截面积小于水冷柱下部柱内空间的横截面积。水冷柱侧壁的倾斜段上设有内二次风口202，炉膛侧壁上对应或大致对应的区域也可设有外二次风口102。
为保证布风板4面积足够大，水冷柱下部的倾斜自布风板上方某高度开始，但是该起始处应低于内二次风口202。
炉膛前后墙11、12的下部向外倾斜，且设有外二次风口。炉膛左右侧墙13、14自下而上均为竖直的，也可设有外二次风口。
图4为水冷柱俯视图的局部放大图，内二次风口202未示出。
可选的，水冷柱左壁23和右壁24上部可设置屏式受热面5，如图5所示。
可选的，如图5所示，为保证布风板面积足够大，水冷柱左壁23和右壁24自下而上，可先为一段竖直段231和241、再为一段内倾段232和242、然后再接竖直段233和243；其中竖直段231和241不高于内二次风口202。
水冷柱下部的向内倾斜的水冷柱侧壁形成了水冷柱的横截面缩小部。该横截面缩小部中带有倾斜段的这组侧壁之间的距离，根据检修、散热或设置屏式受热面等的需要而具体确定。倾斜段的高度，根据二次风布置的需要而具体确定。
当炉膛内设置一个水冷柱2时(如图1-5中所示)，向内倾斜的水冷柱侧壁，优选的，为与炉膛侧壁中较宽的两侧壁相对的侧壁，如图1中，炉膛左右 侧墙13、14宽于炉膛前后墙11、12，则水冷柱左壁23和右壁24的下部自下而上延伸时向内倾斜。
当炉膛内设置多个水冷柱2时，如图6～8和图9所示，两个水冷柱沿炉膛中心线并排设置，向内倾斜的水冷柱侧壁可以是与炉膛侧壁中较宽的两侧壁相对的侧壁(参见图8)，也可以是另一组侧壁(参见图9)，但两个水冷柱应一致。相对于炉膛内只设有一个水冷柱的设计，图8中的炉膛空间的燃烧横截面呈“日”字形，水冷柱左右两侧的物料具有了交换的通道，从而可用于更大容量的锅炉炉膛设计；图9的方案具有更加便于二次风布置的结构，炉膛各区域的二次风穿透可以更加均匀。
与水冷柱倾斜侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁的下部可设计为竖直的，以简化炉膛侧墙的结构。
如图12～14所示，循环流化床锅炉的炉膛，横截面为八边形，包括：炉膛侧壁(炉膛前墙11、后墙12、左侧墙13和右侧墙14)和炉膛左前墙113、右前墙114、左后墙123和右后墙124)；顶棚3；设置在炉膛底部的布风板4；以及设置在布风板与顶棚之间的水冷柱2，水冷柱2由八片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向炉膛前墙和后墙的一组相对设置的水冷柱前壁21和后壁22、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁23和右壁24，以及位于水冷柱前壁21与左壁23之间的左前壁213、位于水冷柱前壁21与右壁24之间的右前壁214、位于水冷柱后壁22与左壁23之间的左后壁223、位于水冷柱后壁22与右壁24之间的右后壁224。
水冷柱2在布风板4处的横截面为八边形。水冷柱前后壁21和22竖直向上延伸，水冷柱左右壁23、24下部向上延伸的同时向内倾斜，至布风板上合适的高度时转而向上竖直延伸，左前壁213、右前壁214、左后壁223和右后壁224向上延伸的同时、适应性的向内倾斜，保持与相关水冷柱侧壁的围合关系，延伸至水冷柱左右壁23、24的由内倾变为竖直向上转折点时，结束内倾、也转为竖直向上延伸，使水冷柱上部横截面为凹八边形。水冷柱左右壁23、24 上部可设置屏式受热面，下部可设有内二次风口202。图13示出了该种水冷柱的局部放大示意图。
水冷柱2的变截面，也可以通过将下部的八片侧壁通过Y形管或让管等方式，向上延伸的同时内倾、直至形成矩形来实现；该矩形在布风板上的投影完全位于水冷柱在布风板处的横截面内部，且四边分别与炉膛四片侧壁平行，如图14所示。
本发明提出了一种循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的水冷柱，水冷柱由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，水冷柱侧壁由膜式水冷壁形成，膜式水冷壁的管内自下而上通有工质，水冷柱的外侧朝向炉膛燃烧空间，水冷柱侧壁的下部设有向炉膛燃烧空间通入二次风的内二次风口，其中：所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部的横截面积在竖直方向上朝向顶棚逐渐减小到水冷柱上部的横截面积，所述横截面缩小部连接到水冷柱上部。
使水冷柱下部横截面积大于其上部横截面积的实现方式是：
以下部横截面为四边形的水冷柱为例，相对的一组侧壁自布风板向顶棚延伸的同时，向内倾斜，至距离布风板一定高度时，转而竖直向上延伸，同时保持二者之间有一定距离；另外一组侧壁保持竖直。
以下部横截面为八边形的水冷柱为例，相对的一组侧壁保证竖直，另外三组相对的侧壁自布风板向顶棚延伸的同时，向内倾斜，至距离布风板一定高度时，转而竖直向上延伸，各组侧壁间仍有一定距离，并使水冷柱上部横截面呈凹八边形或矩形。
以下部横截面为六边形的水冷柱为例，相对的一组侧壁保证竖直，另外两组相对的侧壁自布风板向顶棚延伸的同时，向内倾斜，至距离布风板一定高度时，转而竖直向上延伸，各组侧壁间仍有一定距离，并使水冷柱上部横截面呈凹六边形或矩形。
本发明还提出了一种循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板 以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的水冷柱，其中：所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，所述横截面缩小部连接到水冷柱上部、且具有朝向水冷柱内部内倾的倾斜水冷柱侧壁；与所述倾斜水冷柱侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁沿竖直方向延伸。
本发明也提出了一种循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的水冷柱，其中：水冷柱包括水冷柱下部和水冷柱上部，水冷柱下部的横截面积大于水冷柱上部的横截面积，且水冷柱下部的横截面渐缩过渡到水冷柱上部的横截面，所述水冷柱下部的内部提供二次风管的布置空间。
在以上的循环流化床锅炉炉膛中，有利的，所述水冷柱上部的横截面以及横截面积保持不变。
本发明也提出了一种水冷柱，由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，水冷柱侧壁由膜式水冷壁形成，膜式水冷壁的管内自下而上通有工质，所述水冷柱包括：水冷柱下部，所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部具有在从下往上的方向上逐渐减小的横截面积；以及水冷柱上部，其中：所述水冷柱上部与所述横截面缩小部连接，横截面缩小部在该连接处的横截面与水冷柱上部在该连接处的横截面相吻合。这里的相吻合表示横截面缩小部在该连接处的横截面形状以及横截面积与水冷柱上部在该连接处的横截面形状以及横截面积分别相同，并且两个横截面的方位相同。
有利的，所述水冷柱上部的横截面积以及横截面保持不变。
有利的，所述横截面缩小部的水冷柱侧壁上设置有出风口。
相应地，本发明也提出了一种炉膛，限定反应空间，其中所述炉膛中设置有沿竖直方向布置的上述水冷柱。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行变化。本发明的适用范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种水冷柱，由水冷柱侧壁围合而成，水冷柱侧壁由膜式水冷壁形成，膜式水冷壁的管内自下而上通有工质，所述水冷柱包括：
    水冷柱下部，所述水冷柱下部具有横截面缩小部，所述横截面缩小部具有在从下往上的方向上逐渐减小的横截面积；以及
    水冷柱上部，
    其中：所述水冷柱上部与所述横截面缩小部连接，横截面缩小部在该连接处的横截面与水冷柱上部在该连接处的横截面相吻合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的水冷柱，其中：
    所述水冷柱上部的横截面积以及横截面保持不变。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的水冷柱，其中：
    所述横截面缩小部的水冷柱侧壁上设置有出风口。
  4. 一种炉膛，限定反应空间，其中所述炉膛中设置有沿竖直方向布置的根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的水冷柱。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛为循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的所述水冷柱，水冷柱的外侧朝向作为反应空间的炉膛燃烧空间，水冷柱侧壁的下部设有向炉膛燃烧空间通入二次风的内二次风口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述水冷柱下部包括所述横截面缩小部以及竖直部，所述竖直部的横截面积保持不变且位于横截面缩小部与布风板之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述横截面缩小部位于布风板与水冷柱上部之间。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述内二次风口布置在所述横截面缩小部的水冷柱侧壁上。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8中任一项所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述水冷柱具有一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁，所述一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁在竖直方向上从布风板延伸到顶棚。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的炉膛，其中：
    与所述一对彼此平行的水冷柱侧壁平行且相对的炉膛侧壁的下部远离相对的对应的水冷柱侧壁倾斜向上延伸。
  11. 根据权利要求5-10中任一项所述的炉膛，其中：
    与水冷柱的横截面缩小部的倾斜延伸水冷柱侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁在竖直方向上延伸。
  12. 根据权利要求5-11中任一项所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛内仅设置一个水冷柱。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛的横截面为矩形；
    所述水冷柱由四片膜式水冷壁围合而成，四片膜式水冷壁中的一对相对的膜式水冷壁彼此平行的竖直延伸，而四片膜式水冷壁中的另一对相对的膜式水冷壁在横截面缩小部中在竖直方向上相对于彼此靠近的倾斜向上延伸。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的炉膛，其中：
    循环流化床锅炉炉膛的横截面为八边形，炉膛侧壁包括：前墙、后墙、左侧墙、右侧墙、左前墙、右前墙、左后墙和右后墙；
    水冷柱由八片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向前墙和后墙的一组相对设置的水冷柱前壁和后壁、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁和右壁，以及位于水冷柱前壁与左壁之间的左前壁、位于水冷柱前壁与右壁之间的右前壁、位于水冷柱后壁与左壁之间的左后壁、位于水冷柱后壁与右壁之间的右后壁；
    水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁中的一对彼此相对的水冷柱侧壁竖直向上延伸，水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁中的另一对彼此相对的水冷柱 侧壁的下部向上延伸的同时向内倾斜，左前壁、右前壁、左后壁和右后壁向上延伸的同时、适应性的向内倾斜，保持与相关水冷柱侧壁的围合关系，延伸至水冷柱左、右壁的由内倾变为竖直向上转折点时结束内倾、也转为竖直向上延伸，使水冷柱上部横截面为凹八边形。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛的横截面为八边形，炉膛侧壁包括：前墙、后墙、左侧墙、右侧墙、左前墙、右前墙、左后墙和右后墙；
    水冷柱下部由八片膜式水冷壁围合而成，包括分别朝向前墙和后墙的一组相对设置的水冷柱前壁和后壁、分别朝向炉膛左侧墙和右侧墙的另一组相对设置的水冷柱左壁和右壁，以及位于水冷柱前壁与左壁之间的左前壁、位于水冷柱前壁与右壁之间的右前壁、位于水冷柱后壁与左壁之间的左后壁、位于水冷柱后壁与右壁之间的右后壁；
    在水冷柱的横截面缩小部中，水冷柱前、后壁以及水冷柱左、右壁均倾斜向上延伸而形成一个矩形横截面，左前壁、右前壁、左后壁和右后壁向上倾斜延伸而终止于矩形横截面的对应的顶点。
  16. 根据权利要求5-11中任一项所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛的横截面为矩形；
    所述炉膛内设置至少两个水冷柱，所述至少两个水冷柱彼此间隔开；
    每一个水冷柱由四片膜式水冷壁围合而成，四片膜式水冷壁中的一对相对的膜式水冷壁彼此平行的竖直延伸，而四片膜式水冷壁中的另一对相对的膜式水冷壁在横截面缩小部中在竖直方向上相对于彼此靠近的倾斜延伸；
    所述至少两个水冷柱的结构相同，且在水冷柱的横截面缩小部中，一个水冷柱中的竖直延伸的膜式水冷壁平行于另外的水冷柱中的竖直延伸的膜式水冷壁。
  17. 根据权利要求5-16中任一项所述的炉膛，其中：
    水冷柱上部设置有屏式受热面。
  18. 根据权利要求4所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛为循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的所述水冷柱；
    所述横截面缩小部具有朝向水冷柱内部内倾的倾斜水冷柱侧壁；且
    与所述倾斜水冷柱侧壁相对的炉膛侧壁沿竖直方向延伸。
  19. 根据权利要求4所述的炉膛，其中：
    所述炉膛为循环流化床锅炉炉膛，包括炉膛侧壁、顶棚、布风板以及设置在布风板和顶棚之间的所述水冷柱；且
    所述水冷柱下部的内部提供二次风管的布置空间。
PCT/CN2014/088125 2013-08-09 2014-10-08 带变截面水冷柱的循环流化床锅炉炉膛 Ceased WO2015018379A2 (zh)

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