WO2015060149A1 - 制御系設計支援装置、制御系設計支援プログラム、制御系設計支援方法、操作変化量算出装置および制御装置 - Google Patents
制御系設計支援装置、制御系設計支援プログラム、制御系設計支援方法、操作変化量算出装置および制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control system design support apparatus, a control system design support program, a control system design support method, an operation change amount calculation apparatus, and a control apparatus.
- PID Proportional-Integral-Derivative
- good control performance can be obtained particularly for a controlled object (plant) whose transfer function is represented by an integral element, a primary delay element, a dead time element, a secondary delay element, and the like.
- Various methods such as a limit sensitivity method and a CHR (Chien-Hrones-Reswick) method are known as methods for adjusting PID parameters.
- CHR Chien-Hrones-Reswick
- Non-Patent Document 1 when the transfer function to be controlled is represented by a combination of a time delay element and a first-order advance / delay element, by approximating the one-round transfer function with an integral element (K / s), A method of adjusting a PID parameter that can cope with the inverse response characteristic is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3 disclose model predictive control in which optimal control is performed using a state space model or a time response model to be controlled instead of PID control.
- model predictive control that eliminates the need for online numerical optimization by performing offline calculation is also available. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a boiler drum water level control device that performs feedforward compensation so as to cancel a reverse response in boiler water level control.
- Patent Document 2 for example, in a waste incineration power plant, the combustion air amount is adjusted in advance of the load fluctuation, and the waste input amount is adjusted after being delayed by the load fluctuation, whereby the reverse response when the load increases.
- a load control method for suppressing the above is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 5 a technique for optimizing a system by expressing a problem such as system control by a first-order predicate logical expression and solving it is also known (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 5). Specifically, in a logical expression in which polynomial equations and inequalities are combined with a combination symbol such as logical product ( ⁇ ) or logical sum ( ⁇ ), a generic symbol ( ⁇ ) that is collectively referred to as a quantifier for some variables And the existence symbol ( ⁇ ) are added to obtain a first order predicate logical expression. Then, the system is optimized by deleting the variable (bound variable) with the quantifier in the first-order predicate logical expression and deriving the logical expression that other variables (free variables) should satisfy.
- a logical expression in which polynomial equations and inequalities are combined with a combination symbol such as logical product ( ⁇ ) or logical sum ( ⁇ )
- ⁇ generic symbol
- ⁇ that is collectively referred to
- Patent Document 3 discloses a control system analysis / design apparatus that converts a control system into a first-order predicate logical expression and analyzes the control system from an expression in which a variable with a quantifier in the first-order predicate logical expression is deleted. ing.
- JP 2007-170814 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-201435 JP 11-328239 A
- Non-Patent Document 1 is applied only in a simple case where the transfer function to be controlled is represented by a combination of a time delay element and a primary advance / delay element, and is used for more complex system control. Cannot be used.
- Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3 has high control performance, but requires high computing performance for sequential online optimization, and generally has a large introduction cost compared to PID control. I need.
- Non-Patent Document 4 even when online calculation is performed using a control rule obtained in advance by offline calculation, the control rule becomes enormous as the state space of the control target increases, and similarly high computation performance is obtained. Necessary.
- Non-Patent Document 5 and Patent Document 3 disclose a control system design technique using a first-order predicate logical expression, a time response such as an inverse response is not taken into consideration, and a complicated system is used. It cannot be used as it is for the control.
- the main present invention that solves the above-described problem is a design support apparatus that supports design of a control system that controls a control amount of a control target to a target value, and the control when the operation amount of the control target is changed Based on a response waveform of a quantity, a series of control times for evaluating a target deviation that is a difference between the target value and the control quantity, and a series of operation times for changing the manipulated variable, the series of control times
- a response prediction formula for generating a response prediction formula for predicting a variation value from the initial value of the control amount at each control time included using a change amount of the operation amount at each operation time included in the series of operation times Based on the generation unit, the response prediction formula, and the current value of the target deviation, a first evaluation formula that expresses the target deviation at each control time as a logical formula is generated, and at the operation time operation
- An evaluation expression generation unit that generates a second evaluation expression that expresses the constraint condition of the amount of change as a logical expression
- 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a limit symbol erasing unit 104.
- 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a graph displayed on a display unit 107.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of the control specification memorize
- 12 is a diagram illustrating another example of a graph displayed on the display unit 107.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the control specification and control response waveform which are memorize
- 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of an evaluation formula generation unit 102.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a graph displayed on a display unit 107.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating another example of a graph displayed on the display unit 107.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the range which operation change amount (DELTA) u0 can take when the present value e0 of target deviation is fixed to a specific value. It is a figure explaining other operation
- 12 is a diagram illustrating still another example of a graph displayed on the display unit 107.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship among the controlled variable, controlled variable fluctuation value, manipulated variable, and manipulated variable used in the following description.
- the control amount Y is an output to be controlled, and is an amount that is measured by a measuring instrument such as a sensor and controlled so as to become a set target value r (long broken line).
- the manipulated variable u is an output of the controller, and is an amount manipulated to make the controlled variable Y follow the target value r.
- the operation change amount ⁇ u is a change amount of the operation amount u
- ⁇ u (t) u (t) ⁇ u (t ⁇ Tc) when the control cycle is Tc.
- a control system design support apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus that supports the design of a control system that controls a control amount Y to be controlled to a target value r, and includes a control logical expression generation unit 100 and a display unit 107. , And a storage unit 108.
- the storage unit 108 stores control specifications and control response waveforms. Further, the control specification includes an evaluation time, an operation change amount upper and lower limit, and an allowable target deviation. An example of these control specifications and control response waveforms is shown in FIG.
- the evaluation time is composed of a series of control times ti and a series of operation times sj.
- the upper and lower limit of the operation change amount is a constraint condition of the operation change amount ⁇ u (sj) at each operation time sj, and is expressed as the following equation (1).
- Lj, ⁇ Lj are the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the operation change amount ⁇ u (sj) at each operation time sj.
- the allowable target deviation is a constraint condition of the target deviation e (ti) at each control time ti, and is expressed as the following expression (2).
- ai and ⁇ ai are the upper and lower limits of the ratio e (ti) /
- the upper limit value ai and the lower limit value ⁇ ai at each control time ti are stored in the storage unit 108.
- the control response waveform is a response waveform of the control amount Y when the operation amount u to be controlled is changed.
- the control logical expression generation unit 100 includes a response prediction expression generation part 101, an evaluation expression generation part 102, a first-order predicate logical expression conversion part 103, and a quantifier elimination part 104.
- the response prediction formula generation unit 101 receives the control response waveform and the evaluation time, and the response prediction formula generation unit 101 outputs the response prediction formula.
- the evaluation formula generation unit 102 receives the response prediction formula, the operation change amount upper and lower limits, and the allowable target deviation, and the evaluation formula generation unit 102 outputs the evaluation formula.
- the first-order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103 receives an evaluation expression
- the first-order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103 outputs the first-order predicate logical expression.
- the quantifier elimination unit 104 receives the first-order predicate logical expression, and the quantifier elimination unit 104 outputs a control logical expression.
- the control logical expression is input to the display unit 107 from the limit symbol elimination unit 104 of the control logical expression generation unit 100.
- the display unit 107 displays the control logical expression on the graph.
- the control system design support apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be constructed on a computer system as shown in FIG.
- the control system design support apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes a response prediction expression generation unit 101, an evaluation expression generation unit 102, a first-order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103, and a quantifier elimination that are connected to each other via a bus 109.
- the functions of the control system design support apparatus 1 can be realized by a computer (control logical expression generation unit) 100 including an input unit 106, an output unit 107, a storage unit 108, and a bus 109.
- a computer (control logical expression generation unit) 100 including an input unit 106, an output unit 107, a storage unit 108, and a bus 109.
- Control system design support by the control system design support apparatus 1 includes response prediction expression generation processing by the response prediction expression generation unit 101, evaluation expression generation processing by the evaluation expression generation unit 102, and first order predicate by the first order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103. It consists of a logical expression conversion process, a limit symbol erasing process by the limit symbol erasing unit 104, and a display process by the display unit 107.
- the function of the control system design support apparatus 1 can be realized by the computer 100. For example, by causing the computer 100 to execute a control system design support program, a response prediction formula generation process, an evaluation formula generation process, a first-order predicate logical expression conversion process, a quantifier elimination process, and a display process can be executed.
- the computer 100 executes the control system design support program by reading the control system design support program stored in a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or DVD that can be read by the computer 100 from the recording medium.
- the control system design support program may be acquired and executed from another computer (not shown) connected so as to be communicable.
- a response prediction formula is generated based on the control response waveform and the evaluation time (control time ti, operation time sj).
- the response prediction expression is an expression for predicting the control amount fluctuation value y (ti) at each control time ti using the operation change amount ⁇ u (sj) at each operation time sj.
- y A (t) is a time response (step response or the like) indicated by the control response waveform.
- the first evaluation expression Model is an expression that expresses the target deviation e (ti) at each control time ti as a logical expression, and is a logical expression that represents a control prediction model.
- the first evaluation formula Model is expressed as the following formula (4) based on the response prediction formula and the current value e0 of the target deviation.
- an example of the first evaluation formula Model based on the example of the response prediction formula shown in FIG. 5 is shown in the short broken line region of FIG.
- the second evaluation expression Rst is an expression that expresses the upper and lower limits of the operation change amount expressed as the above expression (1) as a logical expression, and the constraint condition of the operation change amount ⁇ u (sj) at each operation time sj. Is a logical expression representing Specifically, the second evaluation formula Rst is expressed as the following formula (5).
- an example of the second evaluation formula Rst based on the example of the upper and lower limits of the operation change amount shown in FIG. 4 is shown in the short broken line region of FIG.
- the third evaluation expression Obj is an expression that expresses the allowable target deviation expressed as the above expression (2) as a logical expression, and is a logic that represents the constraint condition of the target deviation e (ti) at each control time ti. It is a formula. Specifically, the third evaluation expression Obj is expressed as the following expression (6), with the absolute value in the expression (2) removed.
- an example of the third evaluation formula Obj based on the example of the allowable target deviation shown in FIG. 4 is shown in the short broken line region of FIG.
- the first evaluation expression Model, the second evaluation expression Rst, and the third evaluation expression Obj are combined with a combination symbol ( ⁇ ) to obtain a logical product, and to some variables. Convert to a first-order predicate formula with a quantifier.
- an equation (Model ⁇ Rst ⁇ Obj) obtained by logical product of the first to third evaluation equations is used as an operation at the current value e0 of the target deviation and the first operation time s0.
- a variable other than the change amount ⁇ u (s0) is converted into a (first) first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ with an existence symbol ( ⁇ ).
- the first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ is expressed by variables ⁇ u (s1),..., ⁇ u (sm), y (t1),..., Y (tn), e ( t1),..., e (tn) is represented by the following equation (7) with an existence symbol ( ⁇ ).
- the order of variables with the presence symbol ( ⁇ ) in the first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ can be changed as long as the logical meaning is not changed.
- the order may be explicitly fixed as in the following formula (8).
- an example of the first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ by the expression (8) based on the example of the first evaluation expression Model, the second evaluation expression Rst, and the third evaluation expression Obj shown in FIG. Shown in the short dashed area.
- the variable with the existence symbol ( ⁇ ) in the first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ is erased to generate a logical expression for control that is logically equivalent.
- a control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between the current value e0 of the target deviation and the operation change amount ⁇ u0 ⁇ u (s0) at the operation time s0 is generated.
- a known algorithm such as a QE (Quantifier Elimination) algorithm of Non-Patent Document 5 can be used for the quantifier elimination process.
- an example (part of) of the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) based on the example of the first order predicate logical expression ⁇ shown in FIG. 7 is shown in the short broken line region of FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of a graph displayed on the display unit 107 based on the example of the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) shown in FIG.
- a control logical expression representing a line segment passing through (0, 0) can be created and used. Such a control logical expression is selected using a computer or the like to select one point other than the origin included in the area of the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0), and a linear function passing through the point and the origin. (Straight line) and the constraint condition of the operation change amount ⁇ u0 can be easily created.
- control specification 1 when there are a plurality of control specifications, a control logical expression may be similarly generated for each control specification, and the control logical expressions may be displayed on the same graph.
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which a control logical expression area satisfying the control specification 1 and a control logical expression area satisfying the control specification 2 are displayed on the same graph. Since the control specification 1 is always satisfied when the control specification 2 is satisfied, the region of the control specification 2 is a part of the region of the control specification 1 in FIG.
- control specification area is not displayed.
- control system design support apparatus 1 generates a control logical expression using, for example, a control specification (hereinafter, referred to as control specification 3) as shown in FIG. You may display on a graph.
- control specification 3 a control specification (hereinafter, referred to as control specification 3) as shown in FIG. You may display on a graph.
- Control specification 3 is obtained by changing the way of giving an allowable target deviation to control specification 1 and control specification 2.
- the allowable target deviation is defined based on the absolute value
- the allowable target deviation is defined so as to be restricted by the sign of the current value e0 of the target deviation.
- the allowable target deviation is the value of the target deviation e (ti) while the target deviation e (ti) at each control time ti takes a positive value. Defined to be smaller. Similarly, when the sign of the current value e0 of the target deviation is negative, the allowable target deviation is the value of the target deviation e (ti) while the target deviation e (ti) at each control time ti takes a negative value. Is defined to be small.
- the allowable target deviation in the control specification 3 is expressed by the following equations (9) and (10), for example.
- ⁇ ( ia) , ⁇ ib , e0 can be limited to a positive area within a positive range
- ⁇ ia , ⁇ ib E (ti) can be limited to a negative region in a range where is positive and e0 is negative.
- FIG. 13 shows an evaluation formula generated by the evaluation formula generation unit 102 when the control specification 3 is used.
- the first evaluation expression Model and the second evaluation expression Rst are the same as the control specification 1 and the control specification 2, but the third evaluation expression Obj. Is different.
- control specification 3 when the control specification 3 is used, the contents of the processing performed by the first-order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103 and the quantifier elimination unit 104 are the same as the control specification 1 and the control specification 2.
- FIG. 14 shows a state where the graph of the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) of the control specification 3 generated in this way is displayed by the display unit 107.
- FIG. 15 shows an example in which areas of control logical expressions satisfying the control specification 1, the control specification 2, and the control specification 3 are displayed on the same graph.
- control system can be designed.
- the display unit 107 may further display a graph other than the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between the current value e0 of the target deviation and the operation change amount ⁇ u0.
- ⁇ the control logical expression
- the display unit 107 may further display a graph other than the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between the current value e0 of the target deviation and the operation change amount ⁇ u0.
- FIG. 16 shows that the operation change amount ⁇ u0 can take the range of MIN0 ⁇ ⁇ u0 ⁇ MAX0 when the current value e0 of the target deviation is fixed to a specific value (for example, 30). The relationship is not shown. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the operation change amount ⁇ u0 and the operation change amount ⁇ u1 are obtained by the first order predicate logical expression conversion process by the first order predicate logical expression conversion unit 103 and the limit symbol deletion process by the limit symbol deletion unit 104.
- a logical expression ⁇ ′ ( ⁇ u0, ⁇ u1) is generated.
- an expression (Model ⁇ Rst ⁇ Obj) obtained by ANDing the first to third evaluation expressions is different from the (first) first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ (second To the first order predicate logical expression ⁇ ′.
- An existence symbol ( ⁇ ) is attached to a variable other than (s1) and converted to a first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ ′.
- FIG. 18 shows a graph of a region where the logical expression ⁇ ′ ( ⁇ u0, ⁇ u1) displayed on the display unit 107 is added to the graph of the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0).
- the control device 2 illustrated in FIG. 19 is a device for controlling the control amount Y of the control target 9 to the target value r, and includes a timer 201, a measurement unit 202, a target deviation calculation unit 203, and an operation change amount calculation unit. 204 and an operation amount update unit 205.
- the control cycle Tc is input to the timer 201, and the measurement unit 202 and the operation change amount calculation unit 204 operate for each control cycle Tc under the control of the timer 201. Further, the operation amount u and the control amount Y to be controlled are input to the measurement unit 202, and the measurement unit 202 outputs the measurement value (current value) u0 of the operation amount and the measurement value (current value) Y0 of the control amount. To do. Further, the control value measurement value Y0 and its target value r are input to the target deviation calculation unit 203, and the target deviation calculation unit 203 outputs the current value e0 of the target deviation.
- the measuring unit 202 measures the manipulated variable u and the controlled variable Y for each control cycle Tc, and outputs the measured values u0 and Y0.
- the target deviation calculation unit 203 calculates a current value e0 of the target deviation by subtracting the measured value Y0 of the control amount from the target value r.
- the operation change amount calculation unit 204 calculates the operation change amount ⁇ u0 for each control cycle Tc based on the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) and the current value e0 of the target deviation.
- FIG. 20 shows the operation of the operation change amount calculation unit 204 in each control cycle.
- an operation change amount candidate ⁇ u0 * that satisfies the logical expression ⁇ u ( ⁇ u0) is searched (S3). For example, by substituting a value into the logical expression ⁇ u ( ⁇ u0) while sequentially increasing or decreasing sequentially from a predetermined initial value by a predetermined step width, true / false is determined, and the value when first determined true is the operation change amount Candidate ⁇ u0 * . Further, for example, a binary search (binary search) may be performed from a predetermined initial value to search for an operation variation candidate ⁇ u0 * .
- the operation amount update unit 205 updates the operation amount u by adding the operation change amount ⁇ u0 to the operation amount measurement value u0. In this manner, the control device 2 outputs the manipulated variable u updated every control cycle Tc based on the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0).
- FIG. 21 shows an example of a control logical expression consisting of
- a control logical expression ⁇ 1 (e0, ⁇ u0) represented by the following expression (11) is created for the control specification 1.
- a control logical expression ⁇ 2 (e0, ⁇ u0) represented by the following expression (12) is created.
- FIGS. 22 and 23 show specific examples of the operation of the control device 2 including the control logical expression ⁇ 1 (e0, ⁇ u0) and the control logical expression ⁇ 2 (e0, ⁇ u0) are shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, respectively.
- the first equality is determined to be true in the range of error ⁇ 0.2 with respect to the step width of 0.1.
- the undershoot amount is 0.194
- the control logical expression ⁇ 2 e0, In the control device 2 provided with ⁇ u0
- the undershoot amount is reduced to 0.124.
- control logical expression generated by the control system design support apparatus 1 can be applied to the control apparatus 2 having various configurations as shown in FIGS.
- control device 2 shown in FIG. 24 is an example in the case where a feedforward controller 206 is provided for the control device 2 shown in FIG.
- the feedforward controller 206 calculates a feedforward correction amount uf for the operation amount u from the target value r and outputs it.
- the operation amount u and the feedforward correction amount uf output from the control device 2 are combined by the adder 207 and then input to the control target 9.
- control device 2 shown in FIG. 25 is an example in which a filter circuit 208 is provided for the control device 2 shown in FIG.
- the filter circuit 208 performs a predetermined filtering process on the target value r input to the control device 2 so that the amount of change (change rate) per unit time becomes moderate (for example, the target value r for a past predetermined period). Is calculated) and input to the target deviation calculation unit 203.
- control device 2 shown in FIG. 26 is an example in which a Smith compensator 209 is provided for the control device 2 shown in FIG.
- the Smith compensator 209 is used for the control loop when the operation of the control target 9 includes time delay as described in “Process Control Engineering Hashimoto / Hasebe / Kano Asakura Shoten 2002” p.99, for example. This is effective in that the control performance can be improved by returning the compensation amount by positive feedback and driving the dead time element out of the control loop.
- the target deviation calculation unit 203 subtracts the measured value Y0 of the control amount from the target value r to obtain the current value e0 of the target deviation.
- the compensation amount calculated by the Smith compensator 209 is also reduced.
- control logical expression calculated by the control system design support apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can be used in various control apparatuses 2. For this reason, for example, it becomes possible to control the controlled object 9 with higher accuracy by using the above control logical expression for the control device 2 suitably configured according to the characteristics of the controlled object 9.
- the control device 2 suitably configured according to the characteristics of the control target 9 includes, for example, the control device 2 including at least one of the feedforward controller 206, the filter circuit 208, and the Smith compensator 209.
- the logical product (Model ⁇ RstjObj) of the evaluation expressions Model, Rst, Obj generated from the control specification and the control response waveform is (first) first order predicate logic. Converting to equation ⁇ , generating a logical expression for control ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between the current value e0 of the target deviation and the next operation change amount ⁇ u0 by the quantifier elimination process, and displaying it on the graph Thus, it is possible to visualize the region of the (e0, ⁇ u0) coordinate system that satisfies the control specifications.
- the designer can design a control system that improves the control performance in consideration of time response such as inverse response by using this control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0), and further, the plotted control logic A simpler (low cost) control logical expression can be created and used within the range of the expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0).
- control logical expression is generated for each control specification, and the control logical expressions are displayed on the same graph, so that the designer can control with more stringent control specifications. It is possible to design a control system while examining whether or not it is possible.
- the operation change amount ⁇ u0 based on the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) generated by the control system design support device 1 and the current value e0 of the target deviation for each control cycle Tc.
- the updated manipulated variable u is output, so that the control performance considering the time response such as the reverse response can be improved, and the plotted control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0)
- the control performance considering the time response such as the reverse response
- the plotted control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) By creating and using a simpler logical expression for control within the range of the region, it is possible to improve the control performance considering the time response at a low cost.
- the computer executes processing corresponding to the response prediction formula generation unit 101, the evaluation formula generation unit 102, the first-order predicate logical formula conversion unit 103, the quantifier elimination unit 104, and the display unit 107 of the control system design support apparatus 1.
- the logical product (Model ⁇ Rst ⁇ Obj) of the evaluation expressions Model, Rst, Obj generated from the control specifications and the control response waveform is converted into a first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ , and the target by the quantifier elimination process
- a control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between the current value e0 of the deviation and the next operation change amount ⁇ u0 is generated, and the graph is displayed on the display unit 107 to satisfy the control specification (e0 , ⁇ u0) coordinate system region is visualized, and the designer can use this control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) to achieve control performance in consideration of time response such as inverse response. It is possible to design a control system for good.
- the logical product (ModelMoRst ⁇ Obj) of the evaluation expressions Model, Rst, Obj generated from the control specification and the control response waveform is converted into a first-order predicate logical expression ⁇ , and the current value of the target deviation is obtained by the quantifier elimination process.
- a control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0) indicating the relationship between e0 and the next operation change amount ⁇ u0 is generated and displayed on the graph, so that an area of the (e0, ⁇ u0) coordinate system satisfying the control specifications is obtained.
- Visualized, and the designer can design a control system that improves the control performance in consideration of time response such as inverse response, using the control logical expression ⁇ (e0, ⁇ u0).
- Control formula generator (computer) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Response prediction formula production
- generation part 102 Evaluation formula production
- generation part 103
- First order predicate logic formula conversion part 104
- Limit symbol elimination part 106 Input part 107 Display part (output part) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 108 Memory
- storage part 109 Bus 201 Timer 202 Measuring part 203 Target deviation calculation part 204 Operation variation calculation part 205 Operation amount update part 206 Feedforward controller 207 Adder 207 208 Filter circuit 209 Smith compensator 300 Recording medium
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、2013年10月21日に出願された日本特許出願、特願2013-218092に基づく優先権を主張し、その内容を援用する。
===制御系設計支援装置の構成===
以下、図1および図2を参照して、本発明の一実施形態における制御系設計支援装置の構成について説明する。
===制御系設計支援装置の動作===
以下、図5ないし図18を適宜参照して、本実施形態における制御系設計支援装置の動作について説明する。
===制御装置の構成===
以下、図19を参照して、制御系設計支援装置1によって生成された制御用論理式を備えた制御装置2の構成について説明する。
===制御装置の動作===
以下、図20ないし図23を適宜参照して、制御装置2の動作について説明する。
2 制御装置
9 制御対象
100 制御用論理式生成部(コンピュータ)
101 応答予測式生成部
102 評価式生成部
103 一階述語論理式変換部
104 限定記号消去部
106 入力部
107 表示部(出力部)
108 記憶部
109 バス
201 タイマ
202 計測部
203 目標偏差算出部
204 操作変化量算出部
205 操作量更新部
206 フィードフォワード制御器
207 加算器207
208 フィルタ回路
209 スミス補償器
300 記録媒体
Claims (10)
- 制御対象の制御量を目標値に制御する制御系の設計を支援する設計支援装置であって、
前記制御対象の操作量を変化させた際の前記制御量の応答波形と、前記目標値と前記制御量との差である目標偏差を評価する制御時刻の系列と、前記操作量を変化させる操作時刻の系列とに基づいて、前記制御時刻の系列に含まれる各制御時刻における前記制御量の初期値からの変動値を、前記操作時刻の系列に含まれる各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量を用いて予測する応答予測式を生成する応答予測式生成部と、
前記応答予測式と前記目標偏差の現在値とに基づいて、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差を論理式として表現する第1の評価式を生成するとともに、前記各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量の制約条件を論理式として表現する第2の評価式と、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差の制約条件を論理式として表現する第3の評価式とを生成する評価式生成部と、
前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を第1の一階述語論理式に変換する一階述語論理式変換部と、
前記第1の一階述語論理式における限定記号が付いた変数を消去して、前記目標偏差の現在値と前記操作量の変化量との関係を示す制御用論理式を生成する限定記号消去部と、
前記制御用論理式が成立する領域をグラフ上に表示する表示部と、
を有することを特徴とする制御系設計支援装置。 - 請求項1に記載の制御系設計支援装置であって、
前記一階述語論理式変換部は、前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を、前記目標偏差の現在値および最初の操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量以外の変数に前記限定記号を付けた前記第1の一階述語論理式に変換し、
前記限定記号消去部は、前記第1の一階述語論理式における前記限定記号が付いた変数を消去して、前記目標偏差の現在値と前記最初の操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量との関係を示す前記制御用論理式を生成することを特徴とする制御系設計支援装置。 - 請求項1に記載の制御系設計支援装置であって、
前記一階述語論理式変換部は、さらに、前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を、前記各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量、前記各制御時刻における前記制御量、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差、および前記目標偏差の現在値のうちの2つの変数以外の変数に前記限定記号を付けた、前記第1の一階述語論理式とは異なる第2の一階述語論理式に変換し、
前記限定記号消去部は、さらに、前記第2の一階述語論理式における前記限定記号が付いた変数を消去して、前記2つの変数の関係を示す論理式を生成し、
前記表示部は、さらに、前記2つの変数の関係を示す論理式が成立する領域をグラフ上に表示することを特徴とする制御系設計支援装置。 - 請求項1に記載の制御系設計支援装置であって、
前記限定記号が存在記号であることを特徴とする制御系設計支援装置。 - 請求項1に記載の制御系設計支援装置であって、
前記各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量の制約条件と前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差の制約条件とを含む制御仕様が複数ある場合には、
前記評価式生成部は、前記制御仕様ごとに前記第1ないし第3の評価式を生成し、
前記一階述語論理式変換部は、前記制御仕様ごとに、前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を前記第1の一階述語論理式に変換し、
前記限定記号消去部は、前記制御仕様ごとに前記制御用論理式を生成し、
前記表示部は、前記制御仕様ごとに生成された前記制御用論理式が成立する領域を同一グラフ上に表示することを特徴とする制御系設計支援装置。 - 制御対象の制御量を目標値に制御するための操作量の変化量を算出する操作変化量算出装置であって、
請求項1に記載の制御系設計支援装置によって生成された前記制御用論理式に基づいて、制御周期ごとに、前記目標偏差の現在値に対する前記操作量の変化量を算出することを特徴とする操作変化量算出装置。 - 制御対象の制御量を目標値に制御する制御装置であって、
請求項6に記載の操作変化量算出装置と、
前記制御周期ごとに前記制御量と前記操作量とを計測する計測部と、
前記目標値と前記制御量の計測値との差である前記目標偏差の現在値を算出する目標偏差算出部と、
前記操作量の計測値に、前記操作変化量算出装置によって算出された前記操作量の変化量を加算して前記操作量を更新する操作量更新部と、
を有することを特徴とする制御装置。 - 請求項7に記載の制御装置であって、
前記目標値から前記操作量に対する修正量を算出するフィードフォワード制御器、前記目標値に対して所定のフィルタ処理を行うフィルタ回路、及び、前記操作量から前記目標偏差の現在値を修正するための補償量を算出するスミス補償器、の少なくともいずれかをさらに含んで構成されることを特徴とする制御装置。 - 制御対象の制御量を目標値に制御する制御系の設計を支援する設計支援プログラムであって、
表示部を備えるコンピュータに、
前記制御対象の操作量を変化させた際の前記制御量の応答波形と、前記目標値と前記制御量との差である目標偏差を評価する制御時刻の系列と、前記操作量を変化させる操作時刻の系列とに基づいて、前記制御時刻の系列に含まれる各制御時刻における前記制御量の初期値からの変動値を、前記操作時刻の系列に含まれる各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量を用いて予測する応答予測式を生成する応答予測式生成処理と、
前記応答予測式と前記目標偏差の現在値とに基づいて、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差を論理式として表現する第1の評価式を生成するとともに、前記各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量の制約条件を論理式として表現する第2の評価式と、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差の制約条件を論理式として表現する第3の評価式とを生成する評価式生成処理と、
前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を第1の一階述語論理式に変換する一階述語論理式変換処理と、
前記第1の一階述語論理式における限定記号が付いた変数を消去して、前記目標偏差の現在値と前記操作量の変化量との関係を示す制御用論理式を生成する限定記号消去処理と、
前記制御用論理式が成立する領域のグラフを前記表示部に表示させる表示処理と、
を実行させることを特徴とする制御系設計支援プログラム。 - 制御対象の制御量を目標値に制御する制御系の設計を支援する方法であって、
前記制御対象の操作量を変化させた際の前記制御量の応答波形と、前記目標値と前記制御量との差である目標偏差を評価する制御時刻の系列と、前記操作量を変化させる操作時刻の系列とに基づいて、前記制御時刻の系列に含まれる各制御時刻における前記制御量の初期値からの変動値を、前記操作時刻の系列に含まれる各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量を用いて予測する応答予測式を生成し、
前記応答予測式と前記目標偏差の現在値とに基づいて、前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差を論理式として表現する第1の評価式を生成し、
前記各操作時刻における前記操作量の変化量の制約条件を論理式として表現する第2の評価式を生成し、
前記各制御時刻における前記目標偏差の制約条件を論理式として表現する第3の評価式を生成し、
前記第1ないし第3の評価式の論理積をとった式を第1の一階述語論理式に変換し、
前記第1の一階述語論理式における限定記号が付いた変数を消去して、前記目標偏差の現在値と前記操作量の変化量との関係を示す制御用論理式を生成し、
前記制御用論理式が成立する領域をグラフ上に表示することを特徴とする制御系設計支援方法。
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