WO2015102138A1 - Module de préchauffage intégré de système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide - Google Patents

Module de préchauffage intégré de système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015102138A1
WO2015102138A1 PCT/KR2014/000092 KR2014000092W WO2015102138A1 WO 2015102138 A1 WO2015102138 A1 WO 2015102138A1 KR 2014000092 W KR2014000092 W KR 2014000092W WO 2015102138 A1 WO2015102138 A1 WO 2015102138A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
air
catalyst
chamber
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2014/000092
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김영대
우성제
이정표
양진식
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SK Innovation Co Ltd
SK Energy Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SK Innovation Co Ltd
SK Energy Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SK Innovation Co Ltd, SK Energy Co Ltd filed Critical SK Innovation Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/KR2014/000092 priority Critical patent/WO2015102138A1/fr
Publication of WO2015102138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015102138A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, to an integrated preheating module of a solid oxide fuel cell system in which a catalytic burner and a preheater are integrally configured to minimize heat loss.
  • a fuel cell is a kind of power generation device that directly converts chemical energy generated by oxidation of fuel into electrical energy.
  • oxidation and reduction it is no different from ordinary chemical cells, but unlike chemical cells in which cells are reacted in a closed system, reactants are continuously supplied from the outside and reaction products are continuously removed out of the system. That is the difference between the two.
  • the most representative of such fuel cells is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, which uses an aqueous alkali solution as an electrolyte and uses pure hydrogen and oxygen as reactants.
  • a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell which uses an aqueous alkali solution as an electrolyte and uses pure hydrogen and oxygen as reactants.
  • fuel cells including gaseous fuels using fossil fuels such as methane and natural gas and liquid fuels such as methanol (methyl alcohol) hydrazine. More than that, it is called high temperature type.
  • the fuel cell considering the improvement of power generation efficiency and the solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell which generate the high-temperature molten carbonate fuel cell without using the noble metal catalyst at the second generation and higher efficiency are the third generation fuel. It is called a battery.
  • anode and a cathode are positioned at both ends, and an electrolyte is provided between the anode and the cathode, and an electrochemical reaction by hydrogen and oxygen supplied to the anode and the cathode is respectively performed.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell system having the above configuration provides a preheater for preheating fuel and air supplied to the reformer and the cathode by using a catalytic combustor for combusting waste gas and waste air via a stack, and the waste heat of the catalytic combustor.
  • a catalytic combustor for combusting waste gas and waste air via a stack
  • the waste heat of the catalytic combustor During start-up operation, fuel and air are heated and supplied through the initial heating means, and when normal operation is performed, the fuel and air flow is switched through the flow path switching valve to convert the heated fuel and air through the catalytic combustor and preheater.
  • a configuration is described in which a solid oxide fuel cell system is operated by utilizing waste heat to the maximum by allowing supply to the cathode.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell system having the above configuration has a structure in which a stack, a catalytic combustor, and a preheater are separately configured and connected to pipes exposed to the outside, so that heat loss occurs according to the pipe length and the volume thereof becomes large. Because of this, it is difficult to build a compact fuel cell system.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention, a preheater for heating fuel and air by using the catalytic heat for burning the waste gas and waste air via the stack and the waste heat of the catalytic burner
  • the present invention provides an integrated preheating module of a solid oxide fuel cell system having a low heat loss and a compact size.
  • the integrated preheating module of the present invention includes a stack for generating electricity by reformed gas and oxygen, and a reformer for converting fuel into reformed gas to supply reformed gas to the stack, wherein the stack includes: Combustor for generating waste heat by burning the catalyst gas consisting of waste air and waste gas discharged from the; An air preheater for heating air through the waste heat of the combustor and supplying the air to the stack; And a fuel preheater that heats fuel through waste heat of the combustor and supplies the fuel to the reformer.
  • the combustor, the air preheater and the fuel preheater are integrally formed, the combustor is disposed adjacent to the stack, the air preheater is disposed adjacent to the combustor, and the fuel preheater is connected to the air preheater. Are placed next to each other.
  • the combustor may include a catalyst combustion chamber, a catalyst gas inlet through which the catalyst gas flows into the catalyst combustion chamber, and an exhaust gas discharge part through which the catalyst gas is exhausted from the catalyst combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber includes a fuel distributor which receives the catalyst gas from the catalyst gas inlet and uniformly supplies the catalyst gas to a downstream end, a combustion catalyst for burning the catalyst gas, and heat of gas through catalytic combustion of the combustion catalyst. And a heat transfer portion configured to transmit via radiation, convection conduction to an air preheater.
  • the combustion catalyst may be exchanged, has a plate shape so as to easily change size, and is provided to be detachable from the catalyst combustion chamber.
  • the air preheater may include an air preheating chamber, an air inlet for introducing air into the air preheating chamber, and a heating air discharge part for supplying air heated from the air preheating chamber to the cathode.
  • the chamber is disposed adjacent to the catalytic combustion chamber so as to heat air through the heat of the catalytic combustion chamber and the exhaust gas discharge portion, and the first upstream end of the exhaust gas discharge portion via the first heat exchange chamber.
  • An exhaust gas through line passing through the heat exchange chamber is formed, and a downstream end of the exhaust gas discharge part is exposed to the outside of the preheating module.
  • the fuel preheater may include a fuel preheating chamber, a waste gas flow chamber provided through the fuel preheating chamber so that the waste gas flows through the waste gas from the anode, and the waste gas is not lost.
  • the integrated preheating module of the solid oxide fuel cell system of the present invention by the above configuration is configured to integrate the catalytic burner and preheater integrally to minimize the pipe connection exposed to the outside for the connection of each component to reduce heat loss This is excellent, the size is small, there is an effect of easy space utilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preheating module of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1.
  • waste fuel supply line 320 exhaust gas through line
  • 502 waste gas flow chamber 503: fuel inlet
  • heating fuel outlet 510 fuel supply line
  • waste gas supply line 550 waste gas discharge line
  • the solid oxide fuel cell includes a stack and a reformer.
  • the stack includes an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte, and generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction by hydrogen and oxygen supplied to the anode and the cathode, respectively.
  • the reformer is configured to supply a reformed gas composed of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam, and the like to the fuel electrode of the stack, and a configuration for converting the fuel gas into a reformed gas may be applied.
  • the preheating module according to an embodiment of the present invention applied to the solid oxide fuel cell system having the above-described configuration may generate catalyst combustion by receiving catalytic combustion by injecting waste fuel and waste air discharged from the anode and the cathode into a combustor.
  • the waste heat is used to heat the air supplied to the air preheater and the waste heat of the air preheater and the waste gas to heat the fuel supplied to the fuel preheater. Therefore, the preheating module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustor for combusting waste gas and waste air via the stack, an air preheater for heating air by using waste heat of the combustor, and a fuel preheater for heating fuel. It has a low heat loss and a compact size.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preheating module 300, 400, 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the preheating module 300, 400, 500 may be sequentially disposed with the combustor 300, the air preheater 400, and the fuel preheater 500, and may be partitioned through the partition wall.
  • Combustor 300 may be disposed adjacent to stack 100.
  • the combustor 300 is connected to the waste air supply line 310 to receive the waste air and the waste gas in order to generate waste heat by catalytic combustion by receiving the waste gas and the waste air, and the air preheating chamber 401 to be described below (FIG. 2).
  • the air preheater 400 is configured to heat the air by using the waste heat of the combustor 300, is connected to the air supply line 410 to receive the air, and supplies the heated air to the heating air supply line 420. .
  • the fuel preheater 500 is configured to heat the fuel using the air preheater 400 and the waste heat of the waste gas.
  • the fuel preheater 500 is connected to the fuel supply line 510 to receive fuel and heat the fuel, and to the heated fuel supply line 530. The connected and heated fuel is supplied to the reformer described above.
  • the fuel preheater 500 receives waste gas through the waste gas supply line 540 to generate waste heat, and discharges waste gas through the waste gas discharge line 550.
  • it is initially connected to the steam supply line 520 is supplied with steam.
  • the combustor 300 includes a catalytic combustion chamber 301, a catalyst gas inlet 302, and an exhaust gas outlet 303.
  • the catalyst combustion chamber 301 burns the fuel distributor 301a for uniformly supplying the catalyst gas supplied from the catalyst gas inlet 302 with the waste gas and the waste air to the combustion catalyst 301b, and the supplied catalyst gas.
  • Combustion catalyst 301b and heat transfer gas 301c configured to transfer the high temperature gas heat through catalytic combustion to the air preheater 400 through the convection conduction, and generates waste heat through catalytic combustion It is configured to.
  • the combustion catalyst 301b has a plate shape and is formed in a removable structure in the catalytic combustion chamber 301, so that the catalyst can be easily replaced and the size of the catalyst can be easily changed.
  • the catalytically combusted exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge unit 303.
  • the catalyst gas inlet 302 is in communication with the waste air supply line 310 (see FIG. 1), and the exhaust gas outlet 303 is in communication with the exhaust gas discharge line 330 (see FIG. 1).
  • the exhaust gas through line 320 formed at an upstream end of the exhaust gas discharge part 303 may pass through the air preheating chamber 401 to be described later in order to suppress heat loss and increase heat exchange efficiency with the air preheater 400. It is composed.
  • the heat loss suppression effect is doubled by minimizing the configuration of the pipe formed outside the preheating module through the exhaust gas through line 320.
  • the catalyst combustion chamber 301 has an exhaust gas discharge portion 303 on one side of the air preheat chamber 401 so that the air preheating chamber 401 is wrapped between the catalyst combustion chamber 301 and the exhaust gas discharge portion 303. ) May be disposed at the other side of the air preheating chamber 401.
  • the air preheater 400 is composed of an air preheating chamber 401, an air inlet 402, and an air outlet 403.
  • the air preheating chamber 401 is configured to receive air from the air inlet 402 and heat it using waste heat of the combustor 300, that is, convection and conduction heat transfer by radiation and exhaust gas by the flame.
  • a partition wall 401a may be installed to lengthen the flow path of air.
  • the air heated through the air preheating chamber 401 is supplied to the stack through the air outlet 403.
  • the air inlet 402 is in communication with the air supply line 410
  • the air outlet 403 is in communication with the heated air supply line 420.
  • the fuel preheater 500 includes a fuel preheating chamber 501, a waste gas flow chamber 502, a fuel inlet 503, and a fuel outlet 504.
  • the fuel preheating chamber 501 may be configured to discharge the fuel through the fuel discharge unit 504 after preheating the fuel supplied from the fuel inlet unit 503. Therefore, the fuel preheating chamber 501 is configured to be adjacent to the air preheater 400 in order to use the waste heat of the air preheater 400 and the waste gas flow chamber 502, and the waste gas flow chamber 502 is configured to penetrate.
  • the fuel preheater 500 is configured to communicate with the steam supply line 520 to receive steam from the steam supply line 520 at initial startup.
  • the waste gas flow chamber 502 is configured to penetrate the fuel preheating chamber 501, and the upstream end is connected to the waste gas supply line 540 to receive waste gas, and the downstream end is connected to the waste gas discharge line 550 to exchange heat. Emission of waste gas.
  • the waste gas flow chamber 502 is configured to increase the temperature of the fuel preheating chamber 501 by using waste heat of waste gas flowing therein.
  • the fuel inlet 503 communicates with the fuel supply line 510 to receive the fuel into the fuel preheating chamber 501, and the fuel heated through the fuel preheating chamber 501 may be a fuel outlet 504 and a fuel outlet. The heated fuel is supplied to the reformer through the heated fuel supply line 530 in communication with 504.
  • the fuel preheating chamber 500 has a low temperature of the waste gas discharged from the stack during the initial operation of the solid oxide fuel system, and thus does not sufficiently heat the temperature of the fuel to reach the stack and the reformer operating temperature. There is an effect of heating the fuel flowing in the fuel preheat chamber 501 through the heat of the 400 and the waste gas flow chamber 502 to a stack and reformer operational temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une pile à combustible à oxyde solide et, plus particulièrement, un module de préchauffage intégré d'un système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide, qui comprend une chambre de combustion à catalyseur et un préchauffeur conçu d'un seul tenant, ce qui permet de réduire au minimum la perte de chaleur.
PCT/KR2014/000092 2014-01-06 2014-01-06 Module de préchauffage intégré de système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide Ceased WO2015102138A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2014/000092 WO2015102138A1 (fr) 2014-01-06 2014-01-06 Module de préchauffage intégré de système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2014/000092 WO2015102138A1 (fr) 2014-01-06 2014-01-06 Module de préchauffage intégré de système de pile à combustible à oxyde solide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015102138A1 true WO2015102138A1 (fr) 2015-07-09

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112952163A (zh) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种模块化燃料处理器及应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100012139A (ko) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-08 한국과학기술원 개질기 일체형 고체산화물 연료전지
KR20100052888A (ko) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-20 한국전력공사 고체 산화물 연료전지 발전시스템용 일체형 열교환 장치
KR20110005045A (ko) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-17 한국에너지기술연구원 컴팩트 고체산화물 연료전지 시스템
JP5356903B2 (ja) * 2009-04-24 2013-12-04 日本特殊陶業株式会社 固体酸化物形燃料電池
KR20130135426A (ko) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-11 충북대학교 산학협력단 연소기와 개질기가 일체로 복합된 연료전지 시스템

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100012139A (ko) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-08 한국과학기술원 개질기 일체형 고체산화물 연료전지
KR20100052888A (ko) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-20 한국전력공사 고체 산화물 연료전지 발전시스템용 일체형 열교환 장치
JP5356903B2 (ja) * 2009-04-24 2013-12-04 日本特殊陶業株式会社 固体酸化物形燃料電池
KR20110005045A (ko) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-17 한국에너지기술연구원 컴팩트 고체산화물 연료전지 시스템
KR20130135426A (ko) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-11 충북대학교 산학협력단 연소기와 개질기가 일체로 복합된 연료전지 시스템

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112952163A (zh) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种模块化燃料处理器及应用
CN112952163B (zh) * 2019-12-10 2023-09-19 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种模块化燃料处理器及应用

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