WO2015126237A1 - Structure de support en mer et ses procédés d'installation - Google Patents

Structure de support en mer et ses procédés d'installation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015126237A1
WO2015126237A1 PCT/MY2015/000010 MY2015000010W WO2015126237A1 WO 2015126237 A1 WO2015126237 A1 WO 2015126237A1 MY 2015000010 W MY2015000010 W MY 2015000010W WO 2015126237 A1 WO2015126237 A1 WO 2015126237A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support structure
offshore
mudmat
offshore support
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/MY2015/000010
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English (en)
Inventor
Jianxun Li Jim
Alex Ran Zhihuang
Ling Jin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OTM SOLUTION Sdn Bhd
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OTM SOLUTION Sdn Bhd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OTM SOLUTION Sdn Bhd filed Critical OTM SOLUTION Sdn Bhd
Publication of WO2015126237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015126237A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to offshore support structure, particularly for use in the shallow water and methods installing an offshore support structure for use in a body of water with safe and quick installing the offshore support structure at the offshore field site.
  • Offshore structures have been provided which have platform structures mounted thereon to support various types of drilling and production units. Many of these offshore structures are exceedingly large, massive, and expensive. Many wells are drilled at offshore locations from a jack-up drilling rig or a semi-submersible drilling rig, and after the drilling process has been completed, a platform supported by some sort of support structure is still necessary for the production of the hydrocarbons. These support structures are likewise quite expensive. It is thus desirable to reduce the cost of offshore support structures, so that the cost of placing a field into production is minimized. It would then be possible that some less productive, or marginal, offshore fields could be placed into production of hydrocarbon.
  • US 5498107 disclosed an apparatus and method for supporting the conductor pipe, the access platforms, the wellhead and the wellhead equipment of an offshore well located in a depth of water above a sea bottom after a drilling rig has been removed from the location, where a movable drilling rig is used to drive the conductor pipe into the mudline of the water bottom and temporarily support the conductor pipe while the offshore well is drilled and completed with a wellhead, through the conductor pipe, comprising means for holding the conductor pipe in tension from the drilling rig; a caisson driven into the mudline adjacent to the conductor pipe; a plurality of at least three anchor piles driven into the mudline around the caisson; a plurality of anchor cables; means for attaching to the anchor piles and to the caisson; means for tightening the cables to a desired degree of tension; a plurality of conductor braces mounted to the caisson between the caisson and the conductor pipe for supporting the conductor pipe at intervals along its length above the mudline; and wellhead access means mounted to the
  • the present invention overcomes these and other deficiencies of the above-mentioned drawbacks by developing an improved offshore support structure which can be constructed by using light weight lifting machinery, can be shipped with conventional means of transport or self-transported and can be installed within a shorter offshore time using the conventional techniques and equipment, and thus permits the production of inexpensive as well as reusable offshore platform.
  • the present invention provides an offshore support structure for use in a body of water comprising a topside structure located above a surface of the body of water, a base support structure located below the surface of the body of the water having a topside support caisson connected to the topside structure, a plurality of diagonal bracing members extended from the topside support caisson, a plurality of water depth adjusters connected to the diagonal bracing members to regulate the height of the offshore support structure according to a depth of the seabed; and each water depth adjuster is attached to a mudmat as a support foundation of the offshore support structure.
  • the base support structure forms a 3D space frame structure wherein each face of the frame being defined by the topside support caisson, diagonal bracing members and water depth adjusters.
  • the framework extends from the surface of the body of water to the seabed.
  • the framework is a trigonal pyramidal structure and the framework is formed from a plurality of elongated cylindrical support columns.
  • the mudmat is buoyant mudmat for the offshore structure to floating on the surface of the water and providing a self-transporting of the offshore support structure based on the buoyancy on surface of the water to the predetermined offshore field site and the buoyant mudmat is a buoyancy tank in this process.
  • a method of assembling an offshore support structure for use in a body of water comprising determining the size of the offshore support structure to be assembled according to a depth of the seabed, forming and fabricating an one-piece base support structure of the offshore support structure by welding a topside support caisson to a plurality of diagonal bracing members and subsequently by welding to a plurality of water depth adjusters to the diagonal bracing members, attaching a mudmat to each water depth adjuster and mounting a topside structure to the base support structure vertically to form the offshore support structure.
  • a method of installing an offshore support structure for use in a body of water comprising transporting a topside structure and a base support structure of the offshore support structure to a predetermined offshore field site by a towing flattop barge, lifting the base support structure from the towing barge and installing the base support structure onto a seabed of the a predetermined offshore field site, mounting the topside structure onto the base support structure by lifting to form the offshore support structure and commissioning the offshore facility.
  • a method of installing an offshore support structure for use in a body of water comprising loading out the offshore support structure having a topside structure and a base support structure to float onto the water line wherein a plurality of buoyant mudmats attached to a bottom end of the base support structure, wet towing the offshore support structure by its own buoyance and stability to a predetermined offshore field site and filing the buoyant mudmats with sea water to sink the base support structure of the offshore support structure assisted by a 300 ton lifting crane, installing the base support structure onto a seabed of the a predetermined offshore field site and commissioning the offshore support structure.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a side view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water and located between surface of the body of water and seabed in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a topside structure of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a mudmat of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a top view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 illustrates an offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a perspective view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a top view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a side view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water and located between surface of the body of water and seabed in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a side view and a top view of the buoyant mudmat of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a method of installing an offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 illustrates a method of installing an offshore support structure with buoyant mudmats for use in a body of water in accordance of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the offshore support structure (100) for use in a body of water having a topside structure (110) located above a surface of the body of water, a base support structure (112) located below the surface of the body of the water having a topside support caisson (114) connected to the topside structure(110), a plurality of diagonal bracing members (116) extended from the topside support caisson (114), a plurality of water depth adjusters (118) connected to the diagonal bracing members (1 6) to regulate a height of the offshore support structure (100) according to a depth of the seabed and each water depth adjuster (1 8) is attached to a mudmat (120) as a support foundation of the offshore support structure.
  • a topside structure (110) located above a surface of the body of water
  • a base support structure (112) located below the surface of the body of the water having a topside support caisson (114) connected to the topside structure(110)
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of offshore support structure (200) for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base support structure forms a 3D space framework (210) wherein each face of the framework being defined by the topside support caisson (212), diagonal bracing members (214) and water depth adjusters (216).
  • the diagonal bracing members (214) typically constructed of tubular steel members, consists of three main inclined and radially spaced legs approximately from forty-five (45) degrees to sixty (60) degrees (218) from horizontal, the upper ends of which are rigidly connected to a segment of vertical pipe i.e. topside support caisson (212).
  • the offshore support structure of the present invention (200) provides a working surface for production well drilling, completion, and producing activities.
  • the framework further extends from the surface of the body of water (314) to the seabed (316) as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the offshore support structure made from steel preferably with topside structure(310) with a weight of approximately 300 metric tonnes and the base support structure (312) with a weight approximately 340 metric tonnes.
  • a typical length of this type of offshore support structure with a topside structure having a height of approximately 3.5 metres, a base support structure located below the surface of the body of the water having a topside support caisson having a length of approximately 30 metres connected to the topside structure, a plurality of diagonal bracing members extended from the topside support caisson until a plurality of water depth adjusters having a length of approximately 41 metres.
  • Each water depth adjuster is attached to a mudmat having a length of approximately 10 metres with skirt of approximately 2 to 2.5 metres as a support foundation of the offshore support structure.
  • FIG 4 illustrates a topside structure (410) of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the topside structure (410) is preferably designed with two topside deck levels (412). Each topside deck size is approximately 10 m x 10 m, and its total design weight is approximately 300 tons.
  • the material of the topside structure is conventional steel with yield strength of 50 ksi (345 MPa) or similar. A welding connection is used between the topside structure and the base support structure.
  • the topside deck can accommodate equipment and facilities of many different functions as needed.
  • the mudmat (500) of the offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention is formed.
  • the mudmat (500) comprises of mudmat plate (520), skirt plate and inside shear plates (530), and mudmat support frame (540). These plates are conventional steel material with 50 ksi (345 MPa) yield strength or similar. Mudmat size is approximately 10m x10m square (or 10 m in diameter). The skirt plate is approximately 2 m to 2.5 m depth. The mudmat with skirt plate efficiently increases the vertical bearing capacity and lateral sliding resistance. In addition, the mudmat with skirt plate eliminates the loss of strength of shallow sand layer during seismic activity due to sand liquefaction. Conventional welding connection is used between water depth adjuster and mudmat. Mudmat acts as permanent support foundation for the offshore support structure for the in-place service condition.
  • This concept eliminates the need of foundation pile, thus provide saving on steel, offshore installation operation and schedule. In addition, it also reduces offshore risks due to the elimination of the piling and grouting operation as well as eliminating the risk of penetrating shallow gas deposit.
  • the offshore support structure also known as platform becomes removable and reusable if necessary.
  • water can be injected through hot stab receptacle and injection system (510) into the gap between the bottom of the mudmat and the soil by various means to separate the two. After the cutting of the conductors and risers if any, the offshore support structure is then lifted off the seabed either in one piece or in multiple pieces per design and available equipment.
  • mudmats are buoyant mudmats, deballasting the buoyance tanks of the mudmats prior to the step of injecting water into the gap of the mudmats and soil.
  • the offshore support structure can be reused after removal with minimal modification if the water depth and topside functions are similar.
  • the offshore support structure is re-installed to the next site by similar transportation and installation method as described herein.
  • the concept of using mudmat as foundation to replace the pile foundation also reduces the dynamic response of the platform to seismic activities and eliminates the weakest link of a conventional piled platform at pile top-to-base structure connection, thus greatly improve the platform's seismic resistant capability.
  • such mudmat may be disposed for attachment anywhere on base support structure or its related structure, and can be of any configuration necessary for a particular function, such as for example, rectangular or triangular.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the framework is preferably a trigonal pyramidal structure (610) and forming a three support column symmetrical tripod.
  • the framework formed from a plurality of elongated cylindrical support columns.
  • the length L h from the water adjuster (612) to the centre point of the framework (614) measured horizontally is approximately 19.5 metres while the distance L d from water adjuster (612) to another water adjuster (616) is approximately 29.25 metres.
  • a buoyant mudmat (710) is introduced and attached to each water depth adjuster as illustrated in Figure 7.
  • the buoyant mudmat (710) enables the offshore support structure to float on the surface of the water and self-transporting of the offshore support structure based on the buoyancy of the buoyant mudmat on surface of the water to the predetermined offshore field site.
  • the buoyant mudmat is designed to meet the towing requirement such as the damaged stability requirement therefore sufficient compartmentation inside the buoyant mudmat is provided.
  • Figure 8 and Figure 9 illustrate a perspective view and top view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water with buoyant mudmat.
  • Figure 10 depicts a side view of offshore support structure for use in a body of water and located between surface of the body of water and seabed with buoyant mudmat.
  • a typical length of this type of offshore support structure with a topside structure (1010) having a height of approximately 3.5 metres, a base support structure located below the surface of the body of the water having a topside support caisson (1012) having a length of approximately 30 metres connected to the topside structure (1010), a plurality of diagonal bracing members extended from the topside support caisson until a plurality of water depth adjusters (1014) having a length of approximately 41 metres.
  • Each water depth adjuster is attached to a mudmat (1016) having a height of approximately 6 metres with skirt (1018) of approximately 2 to 2.5 metres as a support foundation of the offshore support structure.
  • the buoyant mudmat (1110) of the offshore support structure for use in a body of water in accordance of an embodiment of the present invention is a buoyancy tank.
  • the buoyant mudmat (710) (shown in Figure 7) comprises of shell plate (1112), mudmat plate (1114), skirt plate (1116), and inside bulkhead plate (1118).
  • the compartments shown in top view of Figure 11 are only for illustration, the bulkhead plates (1118) divides buoyant mudmat into a plurality compartments preferably four compartments. The number of compartments is designed for wet tow stability to account when the buoyancy tank damaged.
  • a plurality of valves (1120) located at a lower section buoyant mudmat floods in seawater to lowering down the offshore support structure to seabed, and a valve (1122) located at an upper section of buoyant mudmat to vent out the trapped air in the buoyant mudmat.
  • a reverse process is implemented. Compressive air is pumped into the each compartment of the buoyant mudmat through the valve (1122) located at an upper section of buoyant mudmat, and the sea water is released through the plurality of valves (1120) located at a lower section buoyant mudmat.
  • Hot stab receptacle (1 24) as an interface of injection system which is designed to inject water into underneath of mudmat plate to release the soil suction during removing process of the offshore support structure from the seabed.
  • All buoyancy tank and mudmat plates are made of conventional steel with yield strength of 50 ksi(345 MPa) or similar. Diameter of typical buoyancy tank is approximately between 6 m to 8 m. Its height is approximately between 6m to 8 m. The size of the buoyancy tank depends on the water depth, topside weight, and environmental loads, so the final size is optimized to meet the design requirement. All connections to water depth adjusters are welded connections. During wet tow, each buoyancy tank is empty providing buoyance to support the offshore support structure (also known as platform) on surface of water.
  • each buoyancy tank is ballasted by seawater via control valves and the offshore support structure (also known as platform) is lowered onto seabed with the assistance of a crane for lowering stability purpose.
  • the requirement of such crane and craning operation is relatively low and operation time is short as compared to nominal offshore lifting operation.
  • Buoyant mudmat provides the flexibility of self-transporting an integrated offshore support structure (topside structure and base support structure) from fabrication yard to the offshore field site.
  • the buoyant mudmat of the present invention is able to provide sufficient buoyancy and stability of all conditions for the transport.
  • the offshore support structure is fabricated in more conventional on land method.
  • the entire fabricated integrated offshore support structure is self-floated out from the graving dock. This reduces the cost incurred to loadout of the topside structure and base support structure of the integrated offshore support structure.
  • the use of the buoyant mudmat eliminates the need of a transport barge, and the need of installing the topside side offshore, thus reduces costs and offshore schedule.
  • the global dimensions of the offshore support structure and the sizes of the members are determined according to a depth of the seabed, the topside weight and the environment primarily.
  • a topside support caisson to a plurality of diagonal bracing members and subsequently by welding to a plurality of water depth adjusters to the diagonal bracing members, one-piece base support structure of the offshore support structure is formed and fabricated.
  • a mudmat is attached to each water depth adjuster.
  • a topside structure is mounted to the base support structure vertically to form the offshore support structure.
  • a method of installing an offshore support structure for use in a body of water of the present invention begins with transporting a topside structure and a base support structure of the offshore support structure to a predetermined offshore field site by a towing barge as illustrated in Steps 1 and 2 of Figure 12.
  • a base support structure is lifted from the towing barge and the base support structure is lowered and set onto seabed of the predetermined offshore field site as shown in Step 3 of Figure 12.
  • a minimum 400-ton floating crane is used to lift the base support structure from the barge and set onto seabed.
  • the topside structure is lifted and stabbed onto the base support structure, eventually connected to the based support structure via welding process to form the offshore support structure (in Step 4 of Figure 12) and commissioning is performed on the offshore support structure.
  • This method is applied when an ordinary mudmat is used.
  • the offshore support structure having a topside structure and a base support structure is first fabricated in a graving dock as illustrated in Step 1 of Figure 13. Then, flooding the graving dock and have the offshore support structure to float on the water line wherein a plurality of buoyant mudmats attached to a bottom end of the base support structure as depicted in Step 2 of Figure 13.
  • the offshore support structure is then wet towing to a predetermined offshore field site as shown in Step 3 of Figure 13.
  • each buoyant mudmat is ballasted with sea water by opening control valves as illustrated in Step 4 of Figure 13.
  • 300 tons floating crane is used to hold the offshore support structure, while the buoyancy tanks are being flooded and the offshore support structure is lowered.
  • the requirement of such crane and craning operation is relatively low and operation time is short compare to nominal offshore lifting operation.
  • the offshore support structure is installed onto seabed of the predetermined offshore field site and commissioning is performed on the offshore support structure.
  • the buoyance tank is deballasted by injecting compressed air into the buoyance tanks to provide uplift force, Water is then injected into the gap between the bottom of the mudmat and the soil by various means to separate the two. After the cutting of the conductors and risers if any, the platform is then lifted off the seabed either in one piece or in multiple pieces per design and available equipment.
  • the removed offshore support structure is wet towed to predetermined site.
  • the offshore support structure can be reused after removal with minimal modification if the water depth and topside functions are similar.
  • the offshore support structure can be re-installed to the next site by similar transportation and installation method as described herein.
  • the concept of using mudmat foundation to replace the pile foundation also reduce the dynamic response of the offshore support structure to seismic activities and eliminate the weakest link of a nominal piled offshore support structure at pile top-to-base structure connection, thus greatly improve the offshore support structure's seismic resistant capability.
  • the offshore support structure of the present invention described herein has a number of notable advantages.
  • the offshore support structure of the present invention is fast and flexible to install and most important eco-friendly and higher project economy with reusability.
  • the offshore support structure of the present invention is lighter in total weight since piles are not required.
  • the offshore support structure of the present invention is versatile and minimizes offshore transport and installation to reduce risk of offshore operation and schedule.
  • the cost incurred for constructing and installing the offshore support structure is relatively low as compared to the conventional offshore support structure.
  • Last but not least, unconventionally skilled labors and heavy equipment are not required to form the offshore support structure of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une structure de support en mer destinée à être utilisé dans un corps d'eau, comprenant une structure latérale supérieure (110), un caisson de support de face supérieure (114), une pluralité d'éléments d'attache en diagonale (116) et une pluralité de dispositifs de réglage de profondeur d'eau (118). Chaque dispositif de réglage de profondeur d'eau est fixé à un patin (120) servant de fondation de support de la structure de support en mer.
PCT/MY2015/000010 2014-02-20 2015-02-13 Structure de support en mer et ses procédés d'installation Ceased WO2015126237A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI2014000462 2014-02-20
MYPI2014000462 2014-02-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015126237A1 true WO2015126237A1 (fr) 2015-08-27

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PCT/MY2015/000010 Ceased WO2015126237A1 (fr) 2014-02-20 2015-02-13 Structure de support en mer et ses procédés d'installation

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109778822A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-21 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 一种自升式平台一次性桩靴扩大装置及使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60111987U (ja) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-29 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 石油掘削装置
JPS61106815A (ja) * 1984-10-30 1986-05-24 Kumagai Gumi Ltd 水上作業台
WO1999051821A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-14 Suction Pile Technology B.V. Structure marine
US20070059106A1 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-03-15 Offshore Technology Development Pte Ltd Extraction of foundation in offshore platforms
WO2010092351A1 (fr) * 2009-02-12 2010-08-19 Marine Current Turbines Limited Installation de structures de support immergées
WO2010143967A2 (fr) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Seatower As Fondation à trois pieds

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60111987U (ja) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-29 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 石油掘削装置
JPS61106815A (ja) * 1984-10-30 1986-05-24 Kumagai Gumi Ltd 水上作業台
WO1999051821A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-14 Suction Pile Technology B.V. Structure marine
US20070059106A1 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-03-15 Offshore Technology Development Pte Ltd Extraction of foundation in offshore platforms
WO2010092351A1 (fr) * 2009-02-12 2010-08-19 Marine Current Turbines Limited Installation de structures de support immergées
WO2010143967A2 (fr) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Seatower As Fondation à trois pieds

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109778822A (zh) * 2019-03-13 2019-05-21 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 一种自升式平台一次性桩靴扩大装置及使用方法

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