WO2015129249A1 - レーザ加工ヘッドおよびレーザ加工システム - Google Patents
レーザ加工ヘッドおよびレーザ加工システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015129249A1 WO2015129249A1 PCT/JP2015/000895 JP2015000895W WO2015129249A1 WO 2015129249 A1 WO2015129249 A1 WO 2015129249A1 JP 2015000895 W JP2015000895 W JP 2015000895W WO 2015129249 A1 WO2015129249 A1 WO 2015129249A1
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- Prior art keywords
- laser processing
- parallel plate
- laser
- processing head
- holder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/703—Cooling arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/706—Protective screens
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a laser processing head and a laser processing system that perform laser welding by irradiating a processing point with a laser beam from a position away from the processing point, and particularly relates to the structure of the laser processing head.
- remote laser processing in which laser welding is performed by irradiating a processing point with a laser beam from a position away from the processing point using a laser beam having a long focal length, has attracted attention.
- a laser beam spinner (Laser Beam Spinner, laser processing head) that controls the irradiation position of laser light by swinging two mirrors is used.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional laser beam spinner 900.
- the conventional laser beam spinner 900 has a housing 901, a first oscillating mirror 902, a second oscillating mirror 903, a torch nozzle 904, a first galvanometer 905, and a second galvanometer (not shown).
- the laser beam incident on the housing 901 is reflected by the first oscillating mirror 902 and the second oscillating mirror 903 and emitted from the torch nozzle 904.
- the laser beam emitted from the torch nozzle 904 is irradiated to the beam irradiation point SP in the vicinity of the joint JL of the workpiece W, and laser welding is performed.
- the beam irradiation point SP is changed. Can be spun or scanned.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a laser beam oscilloscope that reciprocates a laser beam spot by rotating a first planar light transmissive plate and a second flat light transmissive plate in the opposite direction at the same cycle by a single drive motor. A lator device is described.
- the present disclosure provides a laser processing head and a laser processing system that solve the above-described problems.
- a laser processing head of the present disclosure includes a collimation lens, a focus lens, a first parallel plate, a first drive unit, a second parallel plate, and a second drive unit. And have.
- the collimation lens collimates the laser light having the first optical axis, and the focus lens condenses the collimated laser light.
- the first parallel plate shifts the optical axis of the condensed laser light to the second optical axis.
- the first drive unit rotates the first parallel plate around the first rotation axis.
- the second parallel plate shifts the optical axis of the laser light shifted to the second optical axis to the third optical axis.
- the second drive unit rotates the second parallel plate around the second rotation axis.
- the direction of the first rotation axis and the direction of the second rotation axis are the same.
- the laser processing system of the present disclosure includes the laser processing head, the manipulator, the robot control device, and the laser oscillator described above.
- the manipulator has a laser processing head attached to the tip.
- the robot control device controls the operation of the laser processing head and the operation of the manipulator.
- the laser oscillator outputs laser light.
- a laser processing head that is smaller and lighter than the conventional galvano head and a laser processing system using the laser processing head can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the laser processing head according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the irradiation position of the laser beam in the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a locus of a circular laser beam in the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the locus of a helical laser beam in the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a locus of a linear laser beam in the embodiment.
- 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the laser processing head of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a state in which the shield holder is taken out from the laser processing head, and
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a state in which the shield holder is taken out from the laser processing head, and FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a view showing taking out the shield holder from the laser processing head.
- (C) is a perspective view of a state in which the shield holder is housed in the laser processing head, and (d) is an enlarged view of the state in which the shield holder is housed in the laser processing head.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing the shield holder of the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an external view of a laser processing head in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional laser beam spinner.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a laser processing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the laser processing head 50 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the irradiation position of the laser light in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a locus of a circular laser beam in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the locus of the helical laser beam in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a locus of a linear laser beam in the present embodiment.
- 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the laser processing head 50 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the laser processing head 50 with the shield holder 8 taken out
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the shield holder 8 taken out
- (c) is a perspective view of the shield holder 8 stored in the laser machining head 50
- (d) is a shield holder 8 stored in the laser machining head 50.
- FIG. It is an enlarged view of the state made.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing the shield holder 8 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an external view of the laser processing head 50 in the present embodiment.
- the laser processing system 100 includes a laser processing head 50, a manipulator 60, a robot control device 70, a laser oscillator 80, and an optical fiber 90.
- the laser processing head 50 irradiates the workpiece W with the laser light from the optical fiber 90.
- the manipulator 60 has a laser processing head 50 attached to the tip, and moves the laser processing head 50.
- the robot control device 70 controls the operation of the laser processing head 50, the operation of the manipulator 60, and the laser oscillation of the laser oscillator 80.
- the laser oscillator 80 oscillates laser light and outputs it to the optical fiber 90.
- the optical fiber 90 transmits the laser light output from the laser oscillator 80 to the laser processing head 50.
- the laser processing system 100 causes the laser beam output from the laser oscillator 80 to irradiate the workpiece W with a desired trajectory by operating the laser processing head 50 and the manipulator 60.
- the laser processing head 50 includes a connector 12, a lens body 1, a body case 6 (first case), a shield holder 8, a nozzle unit 43 (second case), and servomotors 14 and 21. .
- the shield holder 8 is detachable with respect to the nozzle unit 43, about other structures, two or more may be integrated.
- the laser processing head 50 has a connector 12 and is connected to the optical fiber 90 via the connector 12.
- the laser beam LB is emitted from the end of the optical fiber 90 into the laser processing head 50 while spreading at a constant angle.
- the lens body 1 holds a lens holder to which a collimation lens 4 and a focus lens 5 are fixed.
- the collimation lens 4 collimates the laser beam LB emitted from the emission end face of the optical fiber 90. Then, the laser beam collimated by the collimation lens 4 is condensed by the focus lens 5 so as to be focused at a processing point on the workpiece W.
- the collimation lens 4 and the focus lens 5 are obtained by performing AR (Anti-Reflection) coating on a plano-convex lens made of synthetic quartz.
- AR Anti-Reflection
- the collimation lens 4 and the focus lens 5 are not limited to plano-convex lenses, and may be lenses in which spherical aberration is corrected, such as aspherical lenses.
- the lens body 1 is provided with cooling water hose connection portions 2 and 13.
- a water channel is provided between the outer periphery of the lens holder 3, that is, between the lens holder 3 and the lens body 1. Cooling water can be introduced into the lens body 1 from the cooling water hose connection part 2 and discharged from the cooling water hose connection part 13 via the flowing water channel. Thereby, the cooling water can be circulated through the water flow path, and the collimation lens 4 and the focus lens 5 can be indirectly cooled via the lens holder 3. Thereby, the thermal lens effect by the laser beam LB of the collimation lens 4 and the focus lens 5 can be suppressed.
- the thermal lens effect is a phenomenon in which the focal position of the lens changes due to thermal deformation.
- the lens body 1 and the lens holder 3 determine the optical positional relationship between the emission end face of the optical fiber 90, the collimation lens 4, and the focus lens 5.
- the cooling water can further suppress the thermal expansion of the lens holder 3 and the lens body 1, and also prevents the focal position from being changed due to the change in the optical positional relationship between them.
- the cooling water may circulate not only in the lens body 1 but also in the entire laser processing head 50 to prevent adverse effects due to heat of other optical members.
- the body case 6 includes a servo motor 14 (first driving unit), a timing belt 15 (first transmission member), a timing belt pulley 16 (first rotating member), and a parallel plate 17 (first driving member).
- a parallel plate) and a holder 18 (first holder) are provided, and these constitute an optical unit 41 (first optical unit).
- the parallel plate 17 is fixed in a cylindrical holder 18 whose both ends are held by bearings.
- a timing belt pulley 16 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the holder 18, and the holder 18 is rotated by the servo motor 14 via the timing belt 15.
- the servo motor 14 is, for example, a 50 W brushless DC servo motor with a serial encoder, a so-called AC servo motor.
- the servo motor employed in the joint portion of the manipulator 60 is also a brushless DC servo motor with a serial encoder, and is the same type as the servo motor 14.
- the servo motor employed in the joint portion of the manipulator 60 has an output capacity different from that of the servo motor 14, more precisely, an output larger than the output 50W of the servo motor 14 (100W to 1600W).
- the system configuration of the robot controller 70 can be simplified.
- the reduction ratio between the rotation of the timing belt pulley 16 and the rotation of the parallel plate 17 is 32:60, and the position control resolution of the servo motor 14 is 2048 ppr. Accordingly, the position resolution of the first optical unit 41 is 4.2 ⁇ m, which is sufficient for the accuracy of the laser beam irradiation position. Further, the maximum speed of movement of the irradiation position of the laser beam is 123 m / min or more, which is a practically sufficient speed for laser processing such as laser welding. In this embodiment, the operating conditions are set to a maximum output rotational speed of 14400 ° / sec and a maximum acceleration of 300000 ° / sec 2 .
- the body case 6 includes a servo motor 21 (second drive unit), a timing belt 22 (second transmission member), a timing belt pulley 20 (second rotation member), and a parallel plate 19 (first rotation member).
- a servo motor 21 second drive unit
- a timing belt 22 second transmission member
- a timing belt pulley 20 second rotation member
- a parallel plate 19 first rotation member
- 2 parallel plates) and a holder 7 second holder
- the parallel plate 19 is fixed in a cylindrical holder 7 whose both ends are held by bearings.
- a timing belt pulley 20 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the holder 7, and the holder 7 is rotated by a servo motor 21 via a timing belt 22.
- the servo motor 21 is, for example, a 50 W brushless DC servo motor with a serial encoder, a so-called AC servo motor.
- the optical unit 41 and the optical unit 42 have the same configuration, and all the individual parts are the same. By doing so, the response balance of the two optical units 41 and 42 becomes the same, and control is easy.
- the optical unit 41 and the optical unit 42 are disposed in the body case 6 symmetrically with the same direction of the first rotation axis as that of the second rotation axis. That is, they are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the first rotation axis (and the second rotation axis). In FIG. 2, the optical unit 41 and the optical unit 42 are arranged symmetrically in the vertical direction.
- the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis of the optical unit 41 and the optical unit 42 coincide with each other. It is desirable to arrange so that.
- the directions of the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis are preferably the same as the direction of the optical axis of the laser beam LB when incident from the optical fiber 90. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the first rotation axis and the second rotation axis coincide with the optical axis of the laser beam LB when incident from the optical fiber 90.
- the laser light that has passed through the focus lens 5 is refracted twice (when incident on the parallel plate 17 and when emitted from the parallel plate 17) when passing through the parallel plate 17.
- the laser beam is shifted in parallel by an amount determined by the plate thickness of the parallel plate 17, the inclination angle of the parallel plate 17 that is the mounting angle of the parallel plate 17 with respect to the first rotation axis, and the refractive index of the parallel plate 17.
- the optical axis of the laser light incident on the parallel plate 17 (first optical axis) and the optical axis of the laser light emitted from the parallel plate 17 (second optical axis) have the same direction, and the position Is off.
- the optical axis (second optical axis) of the laser light incident on the parallel plate 19 and the optical axis (third optical axis) of the laser light emitted from the parallel plate 19 have the same direction, and the position Is off.
- the laser beam that has passed through the parallel plate 17 (the optical axis of the laser beam) is shifted by 4.1 mm.
- the laser beam (the optical axis of the laser beam) is similarly shifted by 4.1 mm when passing through the parallel plate 19. Therefore, the operating range of the laser beam in this embodiment is within a circle having a radius of 8.2 mm, that is, a diameter of 16.4 mm.
- the irradiation position of the laser beam by the laser processing head 50 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. It is assumed that the laser beam is rotated by the rotation angle ⁇ 1 by the parallel plate 17 and shifted by the distance L, and the laser beam is rotated by the rotation angle ⁇ 2 by the parallel plate 19 and shifted by the distance L.
- the rotation angle ⁇ 1 is equal to the rotation angle of the parallel plate 17 by the holder 18, and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 is equal to the rotation angle of the parallel plate 19 by the holder 7. In this case, as shown in FIG.
- the irradiation position of the laser light that has passed through the two parallel plates 17 and 19 is represented by two vectors whose lengths are fixed and whose rotation angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 can be freely changed. Can do. Therefore, the irradiation position of the laser beam on the workpiece W can be expressed by the following expression in the XY coordinates with the origin O as the center.
- the case where the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved in a circle is as described above.
- the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved in a circle along the locus R from the start point s to the end point e in the clockwise direction.
- the case where the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved in a spiral shape will be described.
- a circle can be drawn while increasing the radius by slightly rotating the parallel plate 19 while the parallel plate 17 rotates once.
- the location of the distance r from the origin O is set as the start point s due to the difference between the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the rotation angle ⁇ 2.
- a circle can be drawn while increasing the radius by changing both the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 while changing the difference between the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the rotation angle ⁇ 2.
- the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are both moved from the start point s of 0 ° to the end point e of the rotation angle ⁇ 1 of 180 ° and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 180 °.
- all patterns can be drawn without reversing the motor. That is, by rotating the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft in the same direction, an arc shape or a circular shape with respect to the workpiece W without reversing the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.
- Laser light can be irradiated in a spiral or linear shape.
- the radius of the laser light irradiation range is determined by the phase difference between the rotation angle ⁇ 1 of the first rotation shaft and the rotation angle ⁇ 2 of the second rotation shaft.
- a nozzle unit 43 is connected in the vicinity of the tip of the body case 6, and a protective glass 25 (first protective member) is fixed to the top of the nozzle unit 43.
- a protective glass 25 first protective member
- the inner nozzle 11 and the outer nozzle 27 are provided in the nozzle holding unit 10.
- the front end of the body case 6 is an end portion on the side from which laser light is emitted.
- the shield holder 8 provided with the protective glass 26 (second protective member) is accommodated in the tip direction from the protective glass 25. That is, the shield holder 8 can be attached to and detached from the nozzle unit 43, and the protective glass 26 can be attached to and detached from the nozzle unit 43.
- the protective glass 25 is fixed to the laser processing head 50 (specifically, the nozzle unit 43) by a screw ring (not shown).
- the protective glass 26 and the shield holder 8 will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
- the protective glass 26 is provided in the shield holder 8 that slides in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the laser light and is attachable to and detachable from the laser processing head 50 in consideration of maintainability.
- the protective glass 26 is taken out of the laser processing head 50 by removing the shield holder 8 from the laser processing head 50, and is disposed in the laser processing head 50 by attaching the shield holder 8 to the laser processing head 50.
- 7A and 7B are views showing a state in which the shield holder 8 is removed from the laser processing head 50.
- FIGS. 7C and 7D are views showing a state in which the shield holder 8 is attached to the laser processing head 50.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the shield holder 8 provided with the protective glass 26.
- the shield holder 8 is composed of a first member 23 and a second member 24 which are divided into two so as to sandwich the protective glass 26.
- the first member 23 and the second member 24 are for fixing.
- the lever 9 By operating the lever 9, the coupling and separation can be easily performed.
- the protective glass 26 is held in the shield holder 8 in the circumferential direction by the elastic deformation force of the O-ring, and is held in the axial direction by being sandwiched between the first member 23 and the second member 24.
- the first member 23 and the second member 24 can be easily separated, and the replacement of the protective glass 26 can be easily performed without using a tool.
- FIG. in this case, if the protective glass 26 is replaced in a normal use environment where the laser processing head 50 is used, when the protective glass 26 is removed, foreign matter enters the laser processing head 50 and adheres to the parallel plate 19 or the like. there is a possibility. Accordingly, by providing the two protective glasses 25 and 26 as in the present embodiment, no problem occurs even if the protective glass 26 is replaced in a normal use environment where the laser processing head 50 is used. This is preferable because it can improve convenience.
- a hollow frustum-shaped nozzle composed of the inner nozzle 11 and the outer nozzle 27 is provided on the output end side of the laser beam with respect to the protective glass 26 .
- the inner nozzle 11 and the outer nozzle 27 are in contact with each other in the vicinity of the tip of the nozzle.
- An opening is formed at the tip of the inner nozzle 11 by grooves provided radially.
- Compressed air taken from the outside of the laser processing head 50 can be supplied to a space surrounded by the inner nozzle 11 and the outer nozzle 27 via an air intake portion (not shown). As a result, a high-speed air jet is ejected from the opening of the inner nozzle 11 to prevent spattering and fume adhesion to the protective glass 26.
- this air jet is blown against the workpiece W, it is possible to prevent the fume from stagnating in the vicinity of the workpiece W machining point.
- the fumes cause reflection, refraction, and absorption of the laser light, and reduce the laser output at the processing point.
- the inner nozzle 11 and the outer nozzle 27 are held by the nozzle holder 10 of the body case 6.
- the tip of the outer nozzle 27 is detachable, and only the tip can be replaced when worn or damaged. This structure reduces the maintenance cost of the nozzle.
- the minimum diameter of the inner nozzle 11 provided with a groove at the tip is larger than the minimum diameter of the replaceable outer nozzle 27, and the outer nozzle 27 covers the inner nozzle 11.
- the laser processing head 50 has a communication box 28 and a communication function.
- the communication box 28 incorporates a communication board and the like. Therefore, the laser processing head 50 can communicate with a personal computer or the like which is an external device (not shown). Note that communication can be performed by wire or wireless.
- a metal fitting 30 for attaching a device or the like is provided on the front surface of the body case 6 of the laser processing head 50.
- a lighting device 31 and a camera 29 can be attached to the metal fitting 30.
- the connection between the camera 29 and the robot control device 70 uses, for example, an optional control cable routed from the robot control device 70 to the manipulator 60. Therefore, it is not necessary to equip a cable for the camera 29 separately and can be easily attached.
- the lighting device 31 and the camera 29 can be controlled from an external device such as a personal computer via the communication box 28, and the image of the camera 29 can be sent to the external device such as a personal computer.
- the laser processing head 50 utilizes the characteristic that the laser light shifts when it passes through the parallel plates 17 and 19 made of glass.
- Two parallel plates 17 and 19 are provided in the optical axis direction.
- the rotation of the two parallel plates 17 and 19 is independently controlled by separate servo motors 14 and 21, respectively, and the shift direction and the shift amount of the laser light can be controlled.
- the laser processing head 50 of the present embodiment can arbitrarily decenter the laser beam.
- the laser processing head 50 of the present embodiment it is possible to realize a small size and light weight compared to the conventional galvano head, and by controlling the irradiation position of the laser light on the workpiece W by shifting the laser light, Laser processing such as spot welding and seam welding can be performed.
- a small and lightweight laser processing head and a laser processing system using the laser processing head can be realized, and the present invention is industrially useful as a laser processing head and a laser processing system used for remote laser processing, for example.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本開示の実施の形態について、図1~図9を用いて説明する。図1は、本実施の形態にかかるレーザ加工装置100の構成を示す概略図である。図2は、本実施の形態にかかるレーザ加工ヘッド50を示す断面図である。図3は、本実施の形態における、レーザ光の照射位置を説明するための図である。図4は、本実施の形態における、円状のレーザ光の軌跡を示す平面図である。図5は、本実施の形態における、らせん状のレーザ光の軌跡を示す平面図である。図6は、本実施の形態における、直線状のレーザ光の軌跡を示す平面図である。図7は、本実施の形態のレーザ加工ヘッド50を示す図であり、(a)はレーザ加工ヘッド50からシールドホルダ8を取り出した状態の斜視図であり、(b)はレーザ加工ヘッド50からシールドホルダ8を取り出した状態の拡大図であり、(c)はレーザ加工ヘッド50にシールドホルダ8が収納された状態の斜視図であり、(d)はレーザ加工ヘッド50にシールドホルダ8が収納された状態の拡大図である。図8は、本実施の形態のシールドホルダ8を示す分解図である。図9は、本実施の形態におけるレーザ加工ヘッド50の外観図である。
レーザ加工ヘッド50は、コネクタ12を有し、コネクタ12を介して光ファイバ90と接続されている。レーザ光LBは、一定の角度で広がりながら、光ファイバ90の端部からレーザ加工ヘッド50内に出射される。
レンズボディ1は、コリメーションレンズ4と、フォーカスレンズ5とが固定されたレンズホルダを保持している。コリメーションレンズ4は、光ファイバ90の出射端面から出射されたレーザ光LBを平行化する。そして、コリメーションレンズ4によって平行化されたレーザ光は、フォーカスレンズ5によって加工物Wにおける加工点で焦点を結ぶように集光される。なお、本実施の形態において、コリメーションレンズ4は、直径φ=30mmであり、レンズの明るさを表すF値は80である。フォーカスレンズ5は、直径φ=30mmであり、F値は500である。また、コリメーションレンズ4およびフォーカスレンズ5は、合成石英製の平凸レンズにAR(Anti-Reflection)コート処理を行ったものである。なお、コリメーションレンズ4およびフォーカスレンズ5は平凸レンズに限られず、非球面レンズのように球面収差を補正したレンズであっても構わない。
ボディケース6には、サーボモータ14(第1の駆動部)と、タイミングベルト15(第1の伝達部材)と、タイミングベルトプーリー16(第1の回転部材)と、平行板17(第1の平行板)と、ホルダ18(第1のホルダ)とが設けられ、これらにより光学ユニット41(第1の光学ユニット)が構成される。平行板17は、両端がベアリングで保持された円筒状のホルダ18内に固定されている。ホルダ18の外周面にはタイミングベルトプーリー16が設けられ、ホルダ18はタイミングベルト15を介してサーボモータ14によって回転される。具体的には、ホルダ18は、第1の回転軸を中心に回転され、第1の回転軸の方向は、レーザ加工ヘッド50から出力されるレーザ光の光軸の方向と同じである。サーボモータ14は、例えば、50Wのシリアルエンコーダ付きブラシレスDCサーボモータ、いわゆるACサーボモータである。マニピュレータ60の関節部に採用しているサーボモータもシリアルエンコーダ付きブラシレスDCサーボモータであり、サーボモータ14と同じタイプである。ただし、マニピュレータ60の関節部に採用しているサーボモータは、サーボモータ14とは出力容量が異なる、正確には、サーボモータ14の出力50Wよりも大きいもの(100W~1600W)である。このように、レーザ加工ヘッド50に用いるサーボモータ14,21とマニピュレータ60の関節に用いるサーボモータを同じタイプにすることで、ロボット制御装置70のシステムの構成を簡略化できる。
Y=Lsinθ1+Lsinθ2
L:1枚の平行板を通過する時のシフト量
θ1:平行板17の回転角度
θ2:平行板19の回転角度
これにより、レーザ光の照射位置は、半径が2Lの円の内部であることがわかる。そして、平行板17の回転角度θ1と平行板19の回転角度θ2は、それぞれ独立したサーボモータ14、21で制御されている。従って、レーザ光の照射位置は、移動可能範囲の中(半径2Lの円内)であれば、レーザ光によりあらゆる軌跡を描くことができる。特に、半径がLの円を描くときは、1つのサーボモータを稼動させ、もう一方のサーボモータを停止させることで描くことができる。また、2つのサーボモータ14および21を、同一方向に同じ回転速度で回転させ続けることによって、さまざまな半径の円をスムーズに描くことができる。なお、円の半径は、回転角度θ1と回転角度θ2との差で決まり、その差は一定に維持される。
次に、レーザ加工ヘッド50の先端の構造について説明する。
2,13 冷却水ホース接続部
3 レンズホルダ
4 コリメーションレンズ
5 フォーカスレンズ
6 ボディケース
7,18 ホルダ
8 シールドホルダ
9 レバー
10 ノズル保持部
11 内側ノズル
12 コネクタ
14,21 サーボモータ
15,22 タイミングベルト
16,20 タイミングベルトプーリー
17,19 平行板
23 第1の部材
24 第2の部材
25,26 保護ガラス
27 外側ノズル
28 通信ボックス
29 カメラ
30 金具
31 照明装置
41,42 光学ユニット
43 ノズルユニット
50 レーザ加工ヘッド
60 マニピュレータ
70 ロボット制御装置
80 レーザ発振器
90 光ファイバ
W 加工物
R 軌跡
s 開始点
e 終了点
Claims (8)
- 第1の光軸を有するレーザ光を平行化するコリメーションレンズと、
平行化された前記レーザ光を集光するフォーカスレンズと、
集光された前記レーザ光の光軸を第2の光軸にシフトする第1の平行板と、
前記第1の平行板を第1の回転軸を中心に回転させる第1の駆動部と、
前記第2の光軸にシフトされた前記レーザ光の光軸を第3の光軸にシフトする第2の平行板と、
前記第2の平行板を第2の回転軸を中心に回転させる第2の駆動部と、を備え、
前記第1の回転軸の方向と前記第2の回転軸の方向とは同一であるレーザ加工ヘッド。 - 前記第1の平行板を保持する第1のホルダと、
前記第1のホルダの外周面に設けられており前記第1のホルダを回転させる第1の回転部材と、
前記第1の駆動部の駆動力を前記第1の回転部材に伝達する第1の伝達部材と、
前記第2の平行板を保持する第2のホルダと、
前記第2のホルダの外周面に設けられており前記第2のホルダを回転させる第2の回転部材と、
前記第2の駆動部の駆動力を前記第2の回転部材に伝達する第2の伝達部材と、をさらに備え、
前記第1の駆動部と、前記第1の平行板と、前記第1のホルダと、前記第1の回転部材と、前記第1の伝達部材とから第1の光学ユニットが構成され、
前記第2の駆動部と、前記第2の平行板と、前記第2のホルダと、前記第2の回転部材と、前記第2の伝達部材とから第2の光学ユニットが構成され、
前記第1の光学ユニットの形状と前記第2の光学ユニットの形状とは同じである請求項1に記載のレーザ加工ヘッド。 - 前記第1の平行板と前記第1のホルダと前記第2の平行板と前記第2のホルダとを収納する第1のケースと、
前記第3の光軸にシフトされた前記レーザ光を透過する第1の保護部材と、
前記第1の保護部材を透過した前記レーザ光を透過する第2の保護部材と、をさらに備えた請求項1または2に記載のレーザ加工ヘッド。 - 前記第1のケースの端部に設けられた第2のケースをさらに備え、
前記第1の保護部材は前記第2のケースに固定され、
前記第2の保護部材は、前記第2のケースに着脱可能である請求項3に記載のレーザ加工ヘッド。 - 前記第2のケースの側面には、気体噴出口が設けられている請求項4に記載のレーザ加工ヘッド。
- 外部機器と通信を行うための通信部をさらに備えた請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のレーザ加工ヘッド。
- 請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のレーザ加工ヘッドと、
先端に前記レーザ加工ヘッドが取り付けられたマニピュレータと、
前記レーザ加工ヘッドの動作と前記マニピュレータの動作とを制御するロボット制御装置と、
前記レーザ光を出力するレーザ発振器とを有するレーザ加工システム。 - 前記第1の駆動部および前記第2の駆動部は、前記マニピュレータの関節に設けられたサーボモータと同じタイプであり、出力容量が異なる請求項7に記載のレーザ加工システム。
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| CN106029290B (zh) | 2019-12-20 |
| US20170050267A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
| EP3112073A4 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| EP3112073B1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
| EP3112073A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| US9889522B2 (en) | 2018-02-13 |
| JP6528085B2 (ja) | 2019-06-12 |
| CN106029290A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
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